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DE1965272A1 - Lightweight structural element of varying - density - Google Patents

Lightweight structural element of varying - density

Info

Publication number
DE1965272A1
DE1965272A1 DE19691965272 DE1965272A DE1965272A1 DE 1965272 A1 DE1965272 A1 DE 1965272A1 DE 19691965272 DE19691965272 DE 19691965272 DE 1965272 A DE1965272 A DE 1965272A DE 1965272 A1 DE1965272 A1 DE 1965272A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
foam
component
component according
cavities
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19691965272
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Peter Herrmann
Hermann Dipl-Ing Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolff & Mueller
Original Assignee
Wolff & Mueller
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wolff & Mueller filed Critical Wolff & Mueller
Priority to DE19691965272 priority Critical patent/DE1965272A1/en
Publication of DE1965272A1 publication Critical patent/DE1965272A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/291—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures with apertured web
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B29C44/0407—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities by regulating the temperature of the mould or parts thereof, e.g. cold mould walls inhibiting foaming of an outer layer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B29C33/04—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using liquids, gas or steam
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Lightweight foam structural element possesses, in addition to air-filled or similar voids, regions having different foam densities. High-density regions are preferably adjacent to surfaces and voids, and are produced by local cooling during foaming operation.

Description

Kunststoff-Bauelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Die Erfindung betrifft ein mindestens teilweise aus Schaumkunstetoff bestehendes, statisch wirksames Bauelement, das sich von bekannten Bauelementen dieser Art durch eine höhere Yestigkeit, einen gr8ßeren Verformungswlderstand und ein leichteres Gewicht unterscheidet. Plastic component and process for its production The invention relates to a statically effective one made at least partially of plastic foam Component that differs from known components of this type by a higher strength, a greater resistance to deformation and a lighter weight.

Es ist bekannt, aus verschäumbaren Kunststoffen in einer Schäumforn sowie auch zwischen umlaufenden Bändern und Gliederketten gegebenenfalls eine Armierung aufweisende BsueleZ mente herzustellen, bei denen der verschäumte Kunststoff den ganzen ihm dargebotenen Querschnitt in gleicher Dichte erftillt.It is known from foamable plastics in one Foam form and, if necessary, reinforcement between the circumferential belts and link chains Produce having BsueleZ elements in which the foamed plastic the the entire cross-section presented to it is fulfilled in the same density.

Von diesen Bauelementen unterscheidet sich das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement dadurch, daß es neben von Luft oder einem anderen Stoff erfüllten Hohlräumen Bereiche unterscghiedlicher Schaumstoffdichte aufweist. Die höhere Festigkeit wird bei den erfindungsgemäßen Bauelement dadurch erzielt, daß in den Druck- und Zug-Zonen, also insbesondere in den an die Außenflächen des Bauelementes angrenzenden sowie die Hohlräume des Bauelementes umgebenden Zonen eine höhere Schaumstcffdichte als in dem übrigen Querschnitt des Bauelementes vorgesehen wird, die die Dichte des massiven Kunststoffes erreichen kann.The component according to the invention differs from these components in that there are areas next to voids filled with air or another substance having different foam density. The higher strength is the Component according to the invention achieved in that in the pressure and tension zones, ie especially in those adjoining the outer surfaces of the component as well as the Zones surrounding cavities in the component have a higher foam density than in the remaining cross-section of the component is provided, which is the density of the massive Plastic can achieve.

Im ehfachsten Fall weisen die erfindungsgemäßen Boudbxente einen einzigen zentralen Hohlraum mit kreisförmigen, elliptischen, rechteokigen oder auch die Gestalt eines beliebigen Vieleckes, insbesondere eines Parallelogrammes aufweiser.Clen Querschnitt auf. Es können Jedoch auch über den Querschnitt des Banelementes mehrere soleher Hohlräume vorgeschen sein, die beispielswe4ise als Installationeröhren Verwendung finden.In the simplest case, the Boudbxente according to the invention have a single one central cavity with circular, elliptical, rectangular or even the shape any polygon, in particular a parallelogram aufweiser.Clen cross-section on. However, you can also use the Cross section of the ban element Several such cavities must be provided, for example as installation tubes Find use.

Das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement kann auch die Gestalt eines als Unterzug verwendeten Trägers aufweisen, dessen oberer und unterar Flansch durch zichzack-förmig angeordnete Stre ben höherer Schaumstoffdichte verbunden sind, die in den Randzenen aneinender angrenzemder dreieckiger Bereiche mit und ohne Schaumstoff vorgesehen sind.The component according to the invention can also take the form of a beam have the carrier used, its upper and lower flange by zigzag-shaped arranged struts ben higher foam density are connected, which in the edge scenes contiguous triangular areas with and without foam are.

Vorteilhafterweise aind in den im Schaumetoff ausgesparten Hohlräumen Füllkörper angeordnet, die zur Erböhung der Festigkeit oder auch zur Erzielung einer höheren Schalldämmung diamen.Advantageously, they are located in the cavities cut out in the foam Filling elements arranged to increase the strength or to achieve a higher sound insulation diamen.

Zur Herstellung solcher Bauelemente disnt ein Verfahren, bei dem währebnd des Verschäumens des Kunststoffes durch in den Seitenwänden der Sahäumform gelagerte, die Schämmform durch setzende vorzugsweise dünnwendige Rohre hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit Kühlmittel geleitet werden. Diese Rohre können nach Herstellung der Bauelemente in diesen belessen oder auch entfernt werden. Hierbei wird in den an die Kühlmittelrohre angrenzenden Zonen die Verschäumung versögert, wobei der beim Verschäumen emtstehende Druck sich dahingehend auswirkt, daß der zu verschäumende Kunststoff in den kälteren Randzonen zusätzlich nach verdichtet wird.To produce such components, a process is used in which w the foaming of the plastic by stored in the side walls of the Sahäumform, the Schämmform through settling, preferably thin-walled tubes of high thermal conductivity Coolant are conducted. These tubes can after the production of the components left in these or removed. This is done in the to the coolant pipes adjoining zones delayed foaming, with the resulting from foaming Pressure has the effect of that the plastic to be foamed is additionally compacted in the colder edge zones.

Als Kunststoffe werden vorteilhafterweise vorpolymerieierte Kunstharze verwendet, wobei die Verschäumung mit Hilfe von Aktivatoren und durch die Verwendung leioht verdampfbarer Stoffe als zusätzliche reib1ittel weitgehend gesteuert und damit die Dichte des Schaumstoffes in den einzelnen Querschnittszonen des Bauelementes weitgehend variiert werden kann.The plastics used are advantageously prepolymerized synthetic resins used, the foaming with the help of activators and through the use Loans vaporizable substances as additional friction agents largely controlled and thus the density of the foam in the individual cross-sectional zones of the component can be varied widely.

In der Zeichnung sind einige Ausführungsbeiepiele erfindungsgemäßer Bauelemente im Schnitt dargestellt.In the drawing, some exemplary embodiments are according to the invention Components shown in section.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Reohteckprofil mit vier kreisförmigen Hohlräumen 3, um die herum, ebenso wie in den Randzonen 2 verdichteter Schaumstoff angeordnet ist. In den Bereichen 1 weist der Scbaumstoff die geringste Dichte auf.Fig. 1 shows a Reohteckprofil with four circular cavities 3, around which, as well as in the edge zones 2, compressed foam is arranged is. The construction material has the lowest density in areas 1.

fig. 2 zeigt ein Rechteckprofil mit einem elliptischen Hohlraus 3 und an diesem sich anschließenden Randzonen 2 h5herer Schaumstoffdichte, während in den vier Bereichen 1 der Kunststoff aeinen höchsten Verschäumungsgrad erreicht.fig. 2 shows a rectangular profile with an elliptical hollow 3 and on this adjoining edge zones 2 higher foam density, while in the four areas 1, the plastic has reached its highest degree of foaming.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Rechteck-Profil, bei dem der zentrale Hohlraum 3 die Gestalt eines Parallelogramms aufweist.FIG. 3 shows a rectangular profile in which the central cavity 3 has the shape of a parallelogram.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Profil, bei dem der zentrale Hohlraum 3 mittels eines elliptischen Kühlmittelrohres gebildet wur deg das vier schmale rippenartige Vorspringe aufweist, so daß von der Randzone des Hohlraumes ausgehende, zu den Randzonen des Profils sich erstreckende Brücken größerer Schaumstoffdichte gebildet werden.Fig. 4 shows a profile in which the central cavity 3 by means of a elliptical coolant pipe formed the four narrow rib-like protrusions has, so that proceeding from the edge zone of the cavity, to the edge zones of the Profile extending bridges of greater foam density are formed.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein Rechteck-Profil, bei dem an Je einer Breit seite des Profils eine Leichtbauplatte oder auch Gipsplatte 4 angeordnet ist, die mit dem aufgeschäumten Kunststoff 1 bzw. dem verdichteten Kunststoff 2 innig verbunden iat, Fig. 6 zeigt ein Profil mit zwei FUllkrpern 5, die entwe der nachträglich in Hohlräume des Profils eingeschoben oder schon in die Schäumform eingebracht wurden, Fig 7 zeigt ein Profil ähnlich dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Profil, wobei anstelle der beiden verdichteten an den Breitseiten vorgesehenen Randzonen Verschalungsplatten 4 angeordnet sind.Fig. 5 shows a rectangular profile in which on each one broad side of the profile a lightweight board or plasterboard 4 is arranged, which with the foamed plastic 1 or the compressed plastic 2 are intimately connected iat, Fig. 6 shows a profile with two FUllkrpern 5, which either the subsequently in Cavities of the profile have been inserted or already introduced into the foam mold, Fig. 7 shows a profile similar to the profile shown in Fig. 2, with instead of the two compacted edge zones of cladding panels provided on the broad sides 4 are arranged.

Fig. 8 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Träger, zwi-@@@@ dessen beiden verdichteten Flanschen 2 mit Schaumaefüllte dreieckige Bereiche 1 und zwischen diesem Hohlräume 3 vorgesehen sind. Die verdichteten Randflächen 2 der mit Schaumstoff erfüllten Bereiche bilden zickzack-förmig angeordnete Streben 2.Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section through a carrier, between - @@@@ its two compressed flanges 2 with foam filled triangular areas 1 and between this Cavities 3 are provided. The compacted edge areas 2 of the areas filled with foam form struts arranged in a zigzag shape 2.

Claims (9)

A n s p r ü c h e Expectations Mindestens teilweise aus Schaumkunststoff bestehendes statisch wirksames Bauelement, d a d u r c h k e n n s e i c h n e t , daß es neben von Luft oder einem anderen Stoff erfüllten Hohlräumen (3) Bereiche (1, 2) unterschiedlicher Schaumstoffdichte aufweist. At least partially made of plastic foam, statically effective Component that does not exist that it is next to air or a other substance filled cavities (3) areas (1, 2) of different foam density having. 2. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die an die Außenflächen des Bauelementes angrenzenden sowie die Hohlräume (3) umgebenden Bereiche (2) eine höhere Schaumstoffdichte als der übrige Querschnitt (1) des Bauelementes aufweisen.2. The component according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the adjacent to the outer surfaces of the component and the cavities (3) surrounding areas (2) have a higher foam density than the rest of the cross-section (1) of the component. 3. Bauelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, d a d u r a h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t , daß das Bauelement einen einzigen zentralen Hohlraum (3) mit kreiförmigem, ellip tischem, rechteckigem oder die Gestalteines Vielecks, insbesondere eines Parallelograns aufweisendrem Querschnitt aufweist, 4. 3. Component according to claims 1 and 2, d a d u r a h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t that the component has a single central cavity (3) circular, elliptical, rectangular or the shape of a polygon, in particular a parallelograns having the cross-section has, 4. Bauelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß es mehrere Hohlräume (3) mit kreisfdrmigem, elliptischem oder vieleckigem Querschnitt aufweist0 5. Component according to claims 1 and 2, d u r c h g e n n n z e i c h n e t that it several cavities (3) with a circular, elliptical or polygonal cross-section has0 5. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß es im LingsschniX gesehen durch zickzack-förmig angeordnete Streben (2) höherer Schaumstoffdichte in dreieckige Bereiche mit und ohne Schaumstoff unterteilt ist.Component according to Claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that it is seen in the LingsschniX by zigzag arranged struts (2) higher foam density divided into triangular areas with and without foam is. 6o Bauelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, d a d u r a h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in den im Schaum stoff ausgesparten Hohlräumen (3) Füllkörper (5) angeordnet sind.6o component according to claims 1 to 5, d a d u r a h g e k e n It is not noted that in the cavities (3) recessed in the foam, filler bodies (5) are arranged. 7. Bauelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß mindestens an einer Breitseite eine Schalungsplatte, Leichtbauplatte oder Gipsplatte (4) angeordnet ist.7. Component according to claims 1 to 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n It is not noted that at least one broad side has a formwork panel, lightweight panel or plasterboard (4) is arranged. 8. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauelementen nach den An sprechen 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t , daß während des Verschäumens des Kunststoffes durch in den Seitenwänden der Schäumforw gelagerte, die Schäumform durchsetzende Rohre hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit Kühlmittel geleitet werden.8. Process for the production of components according to the to speak 1 to 7, d u r c h e k e n n nz e i c h n e t that during foaming of the plastic through the foam mold stored in the side walls of the foam mold penetrating pipes of high thermal conductivity coolant are passed. 9. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauelementen nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h B a k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß der Kunststoff in Gegenwart von in die Schäumform eingebrachten tiefgekühlten Füllkörpern verschäumt wird.9. A method for producing components according to the claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h B a k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the plastic is present is foamed by deep-frozen packing introduced into the foaming mold. L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e
DE19691965272 1969-12-29 1969-12-29 Lightweight structural element of varying - density Pending DE1965272A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691965272 DE1965272A1 (en) 1969-12-29 1969-12-29 Lightweight structural element of varying - density

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691965272 DE1965272A1 (en) 1969-12-29 1969-12-29 Lightweight structural element of varying - density

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1965272A1 true DE1965272A1 (en) 1971-07-15

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2356498A1 (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-01-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Steel-reinforced polyurethane hard foam - used in mfr. of load-bearing building components
DE9001089U1 (en) * 1990-02-01 1990-04-19 Meister, Helmut, 7583 Ottersweier Block chamber framework in the form of a cuboid for filling with unstable building materials or substances
EP0674059A1 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 LG MOUCHEL & PARTNERS LIMITED Reinforced structural member
WO1997049877A1 (en) * 1996-06-22 1997-12-31 Gerhard Dingler Structural member
US6226944B1 (en) 1994-03-25 2001-05-08 Mouchel Consulting Limited Reinforced structural member
US6735916B2 (en) 1994-03-25 2004-05-18 Mouchel Consulting Limited Reinforced structural member
GB2491414A (en) * 2011-06-03 2012-12-05 Aldino Albertelli Composite foam panel and method of preparing a panel

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2356498A1 (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-01-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Steel-reinforced polyurethane hard foam - used in mfr. of load-bearing building components
DE9001089U1 (en) * 1990-02-01 1990-04-19 Meister, Helmut, 7583 Ottersweier Block chamber framework in the form of a cuboid for filling with unstable building materials or substances
EP0674059A1 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 LG MOUCHEL & PARTNERS LIMITED Reinforced structural member
US6226944B1 (en) 1994-03-25 2001-05-08 Mouchel Consulting Limited Reinforced structural member
US6735916B2 (en) 1994-03-25 2004-05-18 Mouchel Consulting Limited Reinforced structural member
WO1997049877A1 (en) * 1996-06-22 1997-12-31 Gerhard Dingler Structural member
US6505454B2 (en) 1996-06-22 2003-01-14 Gerhard Dingler Structural member
GB2491414A (en) * 2011-06-03 2012-12-05 Aldino Albertelli Composite foam panel and method of preparing a panel
GB2491414B (en) * 2011-06-03 2017-11-01 Acell Ind Ltd Composite Open-Cell Foam Insulating Panels
US10744735B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2020-08-18 Acell Industries Limited Composite materials and uses thereof

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