DE19645214C1 - Soap cake giving stable creamy lather with good cosmetic and dermatological properties - Google Patents

Abstract

Cakes of soap contain 22-50 wt.% alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides and/or fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides, (b) 45-77 wt.% fatty acids salts, and (c) 1-10 wt.% fatty acids and optionally water and other usual ancillaries and additives.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to bar soaps with defined levels of selected sugar surfactants, fatty acid salts, fatty acids and optionally selected anionic and / or amphoteric surfactants.

State of the art

Alkyl oligoglucosides and fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides are known nonionic surfactants that are suitable for a large number of applications in which high foam and cleaning are required ability and dermatological compatibility are desired. In addition to dishwashing detergents and Hair shampoos therefore come in especially for the production of bar soaps Consideration.

Bar soaps containing fat are known from European patent EP-B1 0463912 (Colgate) acid salts, fatty acids and anionic surfactants and up to 20 wt .-% alkyl oligoglucosides. From the German patent applications DE-A1 43 31 297 and DE-A1 43 37 031 (Henkel) are pieces soaps with a low content of alkyl oligoglucosides and other anionic surfactants. The documents EP-B1 0203750, EP-A2 0227321, EP-B1 0307189 and EP-A2 0308190 (Procter & Gamble) disclose toilet soaps containing cationic polymers and mild surfactants such as alkyl oligoglucosides. Subject of the European patent EP-B1 0557423 (Procter & Gamble) are bar soaps with alkyl polyglucosides and silicones. From the US patent 5,643,091 (Colgate) a process for the production of alkyl glucoside bar soaps is known. Further bar soaps are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application JP-A 91/041198 (Kao).

However, the alkyl glucoside or glucamide-containing bar soaps of the prior art have various features Disadvantages: Either they do not develop sufficient or sufficiently stable foam or the foam is large-pored and does not convey a sufficient feeling on the skin when used wet. Combinations with other surfactants are often not completely characterized by  satisfactory skin cosmetic or dermatological compatibility. Also show a whole Series of bar soaps containing glucoside tend to sink.

Accordingly, the complex object of the invention has been to provide bar soaps with a content to make available to alkyl oligoglucosides or fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides that oppose each other those of the prior art through a more stable and creamy foam, a higher dermatolo compatibility, improved skin moisture and a reduced tendency to swamp award.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to bar soaps containing

• (a) 22 to 50, preferably 25 to 30% by weight of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides and / or Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides,
• (b) 45 to 77% by weight of fatty acid salts and
• (c) 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 8% by weight of fatty acids and
• (d) 0 to 35, preferably 0.5 to 30 wt .-% anionic, amphoteric and / or zwitterionic ten side other than (b)

with the proviso that the amounts indicated may be with water and other usual Add auxiliaries and additives to 100% by weight.

Surprisingly, it was found that the bar soaps according to the invention not only one stable and creamy foam, but also through an improved dermatological Compatibility, increased water retention on the skin (skin moisture) and a reduced tendency to sink.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides which can be considered as component (a1) are known are nonionic surfactants which follow the formula (I),

R¹O- [G] _p (I)

in the R¹ for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G for a sugar radical with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p represents numbers from 1 to 10. According to the incl Common methods of preparative organic chemistry, for example by acid-catalyzed Aceta lization of glucose with fatty alcohols can be obtained.

The alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can differ from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 Carbon atoms, preferably derived from glucose. The preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligo Glycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index number p in the general formula (I) gives the degree of oligomerization (DP), i.e. H. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides on and stands for a number between 1 and 10. While p is always an integer in a given connection must and here can assume the values p = 1 to 6, the value p is for a particular alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically calculated quantity, which is usually a fractional number poses. Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with a medium oligomerisie are preferred degree of use p from 1.1 to 3.0. From an application point of view, such alkyl and / or Alkenyl oligoglycosides are preferred whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular is between 1.2 and 1.4.

The alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capro alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as those obtained in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis. Alkyl oligoglucosides of the chain length C₈- C₁₀ (DP = 1 to 3) are preferred, which occur as a preliminary in the distillative separation of technical C₈-C₁₈ coconut oil alcohol and can be contaminated with a proportion of less than 6% by weight of C₁₂ alcohol and alkyl oligoglucosides based on technical C _9/11 oxo alcohols (DP = 1 to 3). The alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palm oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures described above, which can be obtained as described above. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hardened C _12/14 coconut alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.

Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides

Fatty acid N-alkylglucamides, which can be contained as component (a2), are also are nonionic surfactants which follow the formula (II),

in the R²CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R³ for an alkyl or Hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhy Droxyalkylrest with 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. With the fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are known substances, usually by reductive Amination of a reducing sugar with an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and follow de Acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride can be. With regard to the processes for their production, reference is made to US Pat 1,985,424, US 2,016,962 and US 2,703,798 and the international patent application WO 92/06984 referred. An overview of this topic by H.Kelkenberg can be found in Tens.Surf.Deterg. 25, 8 (1988).

The fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are preferably derived from reducing sugars with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, especially from glucose. The preferred fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are therefore fatty acid N-alkylglucamides as represented by the formula (III) are reproduced:

The preferred fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides used are glucamides of the formula (III) in which R³ is an alkyl group and R²CO is the acyl radical of caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, Elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid or erucic acid or their technical mixtures. Fatty acid N-alkylglucamides of the formula (III) which are obtained by reductive amination of glucose with methylamine and subsequent acylation with lauric acid or C _12/14 coconut fatty acid or a corresponding derivative are particularly preferred. Furthermore, the polyhydroxyalkylamides can also be derived from maltose and palatinose.

Fatty acid salts

Fatty acid salts which form component (b) are to be understood as meaning soaps of the formula (IV)

R⁴CO-OX (IV)

in the R⁴CO for an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 up to 18 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds and X for an alkali and / or Alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and / or glucammonium. Ty Typical examples are the sodium, potassium or magnesium salts of caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2- Ethyl hexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palm olein acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, Elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and their technical Mixtures, e.g. B. in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils, in the reduction of Aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis or the dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids attack. Alkali salts of technical fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms as in the case of for example the sodium salts of coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acid.

Fatty acids

Fatty acids of component (c) are to be understood as aliphatic carboxylic acids of the formula (V)

R⁵CO-OH (V)

in the R⁵CO for an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 is up to 18 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. Typical examples are Caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristine acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petrose linseic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and Erucic acid and its technical mixtures, the z. B. in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils, in the reduction of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis or dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids. Technical fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbons are preferred Substance atoms such as coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acid.  

Non-soap surfactants

Alkyl is a typical example of anionic surfactants which form the optional component (d1) benzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl estersulfonates, sulfofatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and dialkyl sulfo succinates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, N-acylamino acids as in for example acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates and acyl aspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, Protein fatty acid condensates (especially vegetable products based on wheat) and alkyl (ether) phos phate. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, these can be a conventional nelle, but preferably have a narrow homolog distribution. Typical examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants (component d2) are alkyl betaines, alkyl amido betaines, Aminopropionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines. With the mentioned tensi These are only known connections. In terms of structure and manufacture these substances can be found in relevant reviews, for example J.Falbe (ed.), "Surfactants in Consumer Products ", Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, pp. 54-124 or J.Falbe (ed.)," Catalysts, Tenside und Mineralöladditive ", Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978, pp. 123-217. Preferred the bar soaps according to the invention contain anionic surfactants of the alkyl sulfate type, Alkyl ether sulfates, ether carboxylic acids, acyl isethionates, acyl glutamates, sulfosuccinates and / or mono glyceride sulfates and / or amphoteric surfactants of the betaine type in amounts of, for example, 0.5 to 30, preferably 1 to 20 and in particular 5 to 10 wt .-%.

Other auxiliaries and additives

The bar soaps can contain starch, preferably wheat or corn starch, as builders. As Builders can also contain finely divided, water-insoluble alkali aluminum silicates, the Use of synthetic, bound water containing crystalline sodium aluminosilicates and Zeolite A is particularly preferred; Zeolite NaX and its mixtures with Zeolite NaA can also be used. Suitable zeolites have a calcium binding can range from 100 to 200 mg CaO / g. NTA and / or can also be used as liquid builders EDTA can be used. The plasticizers used are fatty alcohols, partial fatty acid glycols ride or wax esters with 12 to 22 carbon atoms in each of the fat residues in question.

Non-ionic surfactants, for example, come from at least one of the following as emulsifiers Groups in question:

• (1) Addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide with linear Fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, on fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and on alkylphenols with 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;
• (2) C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
• (3) glycerol monoesters and diesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters of saturated and unsaturated Fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products;
• (4) adducts of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
• (5) polyol and especially polyglycerol esters such. B. polyglycerol polyricinoleate or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearate. Mixtures of compounds from several are also suitable this substance classes;
• (6) adducts of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
• (7) _{partial esters} based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C _12/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerin, polyglycerin, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (e.g. sorbitol) and polyglucosides (e.g. Cellulose);
• (8) trialkyl phosphates;
• (9) wool wax alcohols;
• (10) polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
• (11) Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE-PS 11 65 574 as well
• (12) Polyalkylene glycols.

The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters as well as sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are homologous mixtures of which average degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE-PS 20 24 051 as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.

Substances such as lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxy can be used as superfatting agents gelled or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fat Acid alkanolamides are used, the latter simultaneously serving as foam stabilizers nen. It can also contain aliphatic alcohols (e.g. ethanol) and polyols (e.g. glycerin) be.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as. B. a quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose obtained from Amerchol under the name Polymer JR 400®  Lich, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized Vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl imidazole polymers such. B. Luviquat® (BASF), condensation products from Poly glycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides such as lauryldimonium hydroxy propyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®L / Grünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers such. B. amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethyl aminohydroxypropyldiethylenetrimamine (Cartaretine® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with Dime thyldiallyl ammonium chloride (Merquat® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides such as B. described in FR-A 22 52 840 and their crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives such as for example quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products from dihaloalkylene such. B. dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines such. B. bis-dimethylamino-1,3- propane, cationic guar gum such as B. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers such as B. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 der Miranol company.

Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, Cyclic silicones as well as amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine and / or alkyl modified Silicone compounds that can be both liquid and resinous at room temperature. Furthermore, the bar soaps can contain the permitted colors and perfumes.

Production of bar soaps

The bar soaps according to the invention can be produced in the manner customary for such products take place, in particular through the inventive combination of soap with selected Amounts of glucosides and / or glucamides a particularly well formable, plastic in the heat and after cooling hard mass is formed and the molded products have a smooth surface exhibit. Usual methods for mixing or homogenizing, kneading, optionally polishing, Extrusion, possibly pelletizing, extruding, cutting and piece pressing are the same Those skilled in the art are familiar and can be used to produce the bar soaps according to the invention will. The production takes place preferably in the temperature range of 40 to 90 ° C, the meltable feed materials are placed in a heatable kneader or mixer and not melting components are stirred in. The mixture can be used for homogenization then passed through a sieve before the shaping follows. In a preferred one Embodiments of the invention are components (a) and (d) in anhydrous, granular form used as obtained after drying in a so-called flash dryer. Here is on the Teaching of the German patent DE-C1 195 34 371 (Henkel) referenced.  

The foaming power and the creaminess of the foam were determined using the rubbing foam method determined and how the skin feeling subjectively on a panel of 6 experienced subjects Scale from (+) = satisfactory to +++ (very good). The dermatological tolerance was determined by the stimulus sum score; the specification is made against a standard (V1). The results are summarized in Table 1. Preparations 1 to 4 are according to the invention, the bar soaps V1 to V3 are used for comparison.

Table 1

Bar soaps - compositions and properties (quantities as% by weight)

Claims (10)

1. Bar soaps containing

• (a) 22 to 50% by weight of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides and / or fatty acid N-alkyl poly hydroxyalkylamides,
• (b) 45 to 77% by weight of fatty acid salts and
• (c) 1 to 10% by weight of fatty acids,

with the proviso that the amounts indicated may be with water and other usual Add auxiliaries and additives to 100% by weight. 2. bar soaps according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as component (a1) alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides of the formula (I), R¹O- [G] _p (I) in the R¹ for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 up to 22 carbon atoms, G stands for a sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p stands for numbers from 1 to 10. 3. bar soaps according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they contain as component (a2) fatty acid-N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides of the formula (II), in which R²CO stands for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R³ for an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. 4. bar soaps according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as component (b) Contain fatty acid salts of the formula (IV), R⁴CO-OX (IV) in the R⁴CO for an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds and X for an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and / or glucammonium. 5. bar soaps according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they as component (c) Contain fatty acids of the formula (V), R⁵CO-OH (V) in the R⁵CO for an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. 6. bar soaps according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that they are as further Component (d) contain up to 35 wt .-% anionic surfactants, which are selected from the Group formed by alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, Alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulf faten, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dial kylsulfosuccinamaten, Sulfotriglyceriden, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fat Acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid aurides, acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates, acyl aspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, protein fatty acid condensates and alkyl (ether) phosphates. 7. bar soaps according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it as a further com Component (d) contain up to 35% by weight of amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactants are selected from the group formed by alkyl betaines, alkyl amido betaines, aminopro pionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines. 8. bar soaps according to claims 1 to 7, that they also builders, builders, emulsifiers, Superfatting agents, cation polymers, silicone compounds, dyes and perfumes contain. 9. A method for producing bar soaps according to claims 1 to 8, characterized records that one component (a) and (d) in a practically anhydrous, granular form puts.