DE19606622A1 - Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod - Google Patents
Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rodInfo
- Publication number
- DE19606622A1 DE19606622A1 DE19606622A DE19606622A DE19606622A1 DE 19606622 A1 DE19606622 A1 DE 19606622A1 DE 19606622 A DE19606622 A DE 19606622A DE 19606622 A DE19606622 A DE 19606622A DE 19606622 A1 DE19606622 A1 DE 19606622A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- combustion engine
- piston
- spring
- connecting rod
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
- F02B75/047—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of variable crankshaft position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/047—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft with rack and pinion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
- F16C7/06—Adjustable connecting-rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
- F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
- F16C7/04—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads with elastic intermediate part of fluid cushion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die in der Literatur (Automobil Revue, Nr. 49/4, Dez. 1986) beschriebene Variierung des Verdichtungsraumes von Verbrennungsmotoren wird o.a. durch einen verstellbaren Kolben erreicht. Die größeren bewegten Massen erfordern zur Bewältigung der Beschleunigungskräfte größere Kurbelwellen- und Pleuellager und mehr Schwungmasse für den Rundlauf des Motors.The variation of the compression space from. Described in the literature (Automobil Revue, No. 49/4, Dec. 1986) Internal combustion engines are achieved by an adjustable piston. The larger moving masses require larger crankshaft and connecting rod bearings and more to cope with the acceleration forces Inertia for the concentricity of the motor.
Beim Verbrennungsmotor nach Hauptanspruch 1 dieser Patentanmeldung (P 44 44 555.5) besteht ebenfalls das Problem der großen Massenkräfte auf Kurbelwelle und Schwungrad.In the internal combustion engine according to main claim 1 of this patent application (P 44 44 555.5) there is also Problem of large inertial forces on the crankshaft and flywheel.
Dieses Problem wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 dieser Erfindung aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst.This problem is solved by the features listed in claim 1 of this invention.
In der Zeichnung (Fig. 8) ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel dieser Erfindung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.In the drawing ( Fig. 8) an embodiment of this invention is shown and will be described in more detail below.
Die im geteilten Pleuelstangenkopf (3, 6 Fig. 8) am Hubzapfen der Kurbelwelle (5) untergebrachte Hydraulik samt Steuerung bewirkt eine Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) in Abhängigkeit von der Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors. Damit paßt sich das Verdichtungsverhältnis an die Belastung an.The hydraulics and the control, which are housed in the split connecting rod head ( 3 , 6 Fig. 8) on the crank pin of the crankshaft ( 5 ), cause the connecting rod ( 3 ) to change in length depending on the load on the internal combustion engine. The compression ratio thus adapts to the load.
Das funktioniert wie folgt:
Bei Druckzunahme in den Zylindern (1, 19) während des Arbeitshubes des Verbrennungsmotors über den mit der
Stellschraube und der Feder (13) eingestelltem Wert verschiebt sich der Kolben (16) in Richtung der Feder (14)
und gibt die Leitung (20) frei. Das Hydrauliköl fließt nun vom Zylinder (1) durch die Leitungen (15, 20, 22) und
das federbelastete Ventil (21) in den Zylinder (8). Die Pleuelstange (3) senkt sich, wird kürzer.
D.h., jeder Arbeitshub des Verbrennungsmotor, der im Zylinder (1) einen höheren Druck als den von der Feder
(14) im Zylinder (19) vorgegebenen erzeugt, pumpt Hydrauliköl vom Zylinder (1) durch die Leitungen (15, 20, 22)
und das federbelastete Ventil (21) zum Zylinder (8).It works like this:
If the pressure in the cylinders ( 1 , 19 ) increases during the working stroke of the internal combustion engine above the value set with the adjusting screw and the spring ( 13 ), the piston ( 16 ) moves in the direction of the spring ( 14 ) and releases the line ( 20 ) . The hydraulic oil now flows from the cylinder ( 1 ) through the lines ( 15 , 20 , 22 ) and the spring-loaded valve ( 21 ) into the cylinder ( 8 ). The connecting rod ( 3 ) lowers and becomes shorter. That is, each working stroke of the internal combustion engine that generates a higher pressure in the cylinder ( 1 ) than that specified by the spring ( 14 ) in the cylinder ( 19 ) pumps hydraulic oil from the cylinder ( 1 ) through the lines ( 15 , 20 , 22 ) and the spring-loaded valve ( 21 ) to the cylinder ( 8 ).
Bei geringerer Belastung des Verbrennungsmotor ist der Druck in den Zylindern (1, 19) geringer als der von der Feder (14) vorgegebene. Die Feder schiebt nun den Kolben (16) soweit in den Zylinder (19) bis der Durchfluß von Leitung (17) durch den Schlitz (23) des Kolbens (16) frei ist. Jetzt wird bei jeder Umdrehung der Kurbelwelle Hydrauliköl vom Zylinder (8) durch die Leitungen (22, 17, 15) und das federbelastete Ventil (18) in den Zylinder (1) gepumpt bis sich wieder ein Gleichgewicht zwischen der Feder und der Druckkraft einstellt.At a lower load on the internal combustion engine, the pressure in the cylinders ( 1 , 19 ) is lower than that specified by the spring ( 14 ). The spring now pushes the piston ( 16 ) into the cylinder ( 19 ) until the flow of line ( 17 ) through the slot ( 23 ) of the piston ( 16 ) is free. Now, with each revolution of the crankshaft, hydraulic oil is pumped from the cylinder ( 8 ) through the lines ( 22 , 17 , 15 ) and the spring-loaded valve ( 18 ) into the cylinder ( 1 ) until the spring and the pressure force are balanced again.
Die Strömungswiderstände in den Leitungen, insbesondere an den vom Kolben (16) zu den Leitungen (17, 20) freigegebenen Strömungsquerschnitten, bewirken eine verzögerte Reaktion des Kolbens (16) auf Druckschwankungen in den Zylindern (1, 8), so daß sich das Gleichgewicht zwischen der Druckkraft auf den Kolben (16) und der Federkraft (14) allmählich einstellt. The flow resistances in the lines, in particular at the flow cross sections released from the piston ( 16 ) to the lines ( 17 , 20 ), cause a delayed reaction of the piston ( 16 ) to pressure fluctuations in the cylinders ( 1 , 8 ), so that the equilibrium between the pressure force on the piston ( 16 ) and the spring force ( 14 ) gradually adjusts.
Der Kolben (16) muß so angeordnet werden, daß bei höheren Drehzahlen die Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungskräfte der Masse des Kolbens die Kraft der Feder (14) verstärkt.The piston ( 16 ) must be arranged so that the acceleration and deceleration forces of the mass of the piston increase the force of the spring ( 14 ) at higher speeds.
Im unteren Teil des Pleuelstangenkopfes (6) befindet sich ein zusätzlicher Zylinder (9) mit einem Kolben (10), einer Feder (11) und einer Stellschraube (12). Dieser Zylinder dient als Ausdehnungsgefäß für die Volumenänderung des Hydrauliköls bei Temperaturschwankungen.In the lower part of the connecting rod head ( 6 ) there is an additional cylinder ( 9 ) with a piston ( 10 ), a spring ( 11 ) and an adjusting screw ( 12 ). This cylinder serves as an expansion vessel for the change in volume of the hydraulic oil in the event of temperature fluctuations.
Mit der Stellschraube (12), der Feder (11) und dem Kolben (10) wird auch der Vordruck in den Zylindern (1, 8) eingestellt.With the adjusting screw ( 12 ), the spring ( 11 ) and the piston ( 10 ), the pre-pressure in the cylinders ( 1 , 8 ) is also set.
Das Füllen der Zylinder mit Hydrauliköl erfolgt über eine Bohrung (24) in der Kurbelwelle, eine Rille am Umfang der Innenseite der Lagerschalen (4), in der eine Bohrung zum Hohlraum (25) führt.The cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil via a bore ( 24 ) in the crankshaft, a groove on the circumference of the inside of the bearing shells ( 4 ), in which a bore leads to the cavity ( 25 ).
Der Hohlraum (25) ist mit federbelasteten Ventilen (26) ausgerüstet, so daß bei Mangel an Hydrauliköl in den Zylindern (1, 8) eine Pumpwirkung entsteht, die Hydrauliköl aus dem Hohlraum (25) pumpt.The cavity ( 25 ) is equipped with spring-loaded valves ( 26 ), so that in the event of a lack of hydraulic oil in the cylinders ( 1 , 8 ) there is a pumping action which pumps hydraulic oil out of the cavity ( 25 ).
Öffnungen zum Entlüften der Hydraulik bei Füllen mit Hydrauliköl sind in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.Openings for venting the hydraulics when filling with hydraulic oil are not shown in the drawing.
Zur Verminderung des Druckes im Zylinder (1) können bei Verlängerung beider Seiten des Lagerschalengehäuses und des geteilten Pleuelstangenkopfes (3, 6) mehrere Kolben (2) und Zylinder (1) parallel zueinander angeordnet werden.To reduce the pressure in the cylinder ( 1 ), by extending both sides of the bearing shell and the split connecting rod head ( 3 , 6 ), several pistons ( 2 ) and cylinders ( 1 ) can be arranged parallel to each other.
Vorteile gegenüber der in der Literatur aufgeführten Lösungen bestehen darin, daß der Anteil der translatorischen Bewegung der Masse der Teile, die zur Lösung des Problems (Variierung des Verdichtungsraumes) erforderlich sind, wesentlich geringer ist. Das ergibt einen besseren Rundlauf und geringere Beanspruchung der Lager des Verbrennungsmotors. Die Konstruktion dieser Erfindung ist technisch nicht so aufwendig wie die in der angegebenen Literatur.Advantages over the solutions listed in the literature are that the proportion of translational movement of the mass of the parts used to solve the problem (variation of the Compression space) are required, is significantly less. This results in better concentricity and less Strain on the bearings of the internal combustion engine. The construction of this invention is not technically so as complex as that in the given literature.
Zweck dieser Erfindung ist die Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades von Verbrennungsmotoren durch Variierung des Verdichtungsraumes in Abhängigkeit von der Motorbelastung.The purpose of this invention is to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines by varying the Compression space depending on the engine load.
Der Verbrennungsmotor dieser Erfindung kann in Kraftfahrzeugen und in anderen Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen eingesetzt werden.The internal combustion engine of this invention can be used in automobiles and in other engines and work machines be used.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19606622A DE19606622A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1996-02-22 | Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4444555A DE4444555A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1994-12-01 | Internal combustion engine |
DE19606622A DE19606622A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1996-02-22 | Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19606622A1 true DE19606622A1 (en) | 1997-08-28 |
Family
ID=6535811
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4444555A Withdrawn DE4444555A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1994-12-01 | Internal combustion engine |
DE19502820A Ceased DE19502820A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-01-30 | IC engine with adjustable stroke |
DE19544989A Ceased DE19544989A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-11-30 | Automobile IC engine arrangement |
DE19606622A Ceased DE19606622A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1996-02-22 | Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod |
Family Applications Before (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4444555A Withdrawn DE4444555A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1994-12-01 | Internal combustion engine |
DE19502820A Ceased DE19502820A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-01-30 | IC engine with adjustable stroke |
DE19544989A Ceased DE19544989A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 | 1995-11-30 | Automobile IC engine arrangement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (4) | DE4444555A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19944669A1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-22 | Volkswagen Ag | Device and method for changing the compression of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
EP1236876A3 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-11-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | A variable compression ratio engine |
GB2378743A (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-19 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Variable length connecting rod for a variable compression ratio engine |
EP1312777A2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | A Variable Compression Ratio Engine |
WO2013006892A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | The University Of Southern Queensland | Variable length connecting rod |
CN103670729A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 重庆交通大学 | Variable connecting rod type VCR engine connecting rod mechanism |
CN104061228A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-24 | 王立华 | Engine connecting rod mechanism with variable compression ratio |
DE102017100024B3 (en) | 2017-01-02 | 2018-05-24 | Hochschule Heilbronn Technik, Wirtschaft, Informatik | Centrifugal force compensated switching valve |
CN108533606A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | A kind of engine link of variable-length |
US10626791B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2020-04-21 | MCE 5 Development | Variable compression ratio engine |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2801932B1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2002-02-15 | Michel Alain Leon Marchisseau | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MODIFYING AND TAKING ACCOUNT OF THE COMPRESSION RATE TO OPTIMIZE THE OPERATION OF RECIPROCATING PISTON ENGINES |
WO2001040641A1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-07 | Michel Marchisseau | Method and device for modifying compression rate to optimize operating conditions of reciprocating piston engines |
WO2007115562A2 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Eccing Expertenteams Gmbh I.G. | Reciprocating-piston engine |
DE102008046426A1 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-11 | Schaeffler Kg | Compression ratio changing arrangement for combustion engine i.e. Otto engine, has spring unit partially absorbing gas and mass forces acting at positioning device during operation of engine in relation to actuating device |
DE102009042885B3 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2010-09-09 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Expansion engine for use as e.g. internal combustion engine, has piston axially moving in cylinder and connected with swinging arm by connection rod, and free-wheel clutch converting linear shearing force of piston into rotational moment |
WO2012021116A1 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-16 | Ivanchuk Viktor Aleksandrovich | Piston and connecting rod type internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE164819C (en) * | 1904-08-02 | 1905-11-16 | ||
GB274445A (en) * | 1926-07-15 | 1928-12-31 | Anthony George Maldon Michell | Improvements in or relating to means for and a method of regulating internal combustion engines |
DE3601528A1 (en) * | 1986-01-20 | 1987-07-23 | Wolfgang Schwarz | Internal combustion piston engine, in-line engine with variable compression ratio |
FR2653826B1 (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1994-09-16 | Bernard Condamin | VARIABLE VOLUMETRIC RATIO ENGINE. |
DE4120822A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1993-01-07 | Martin Schmidt | Engine crankshaft misalignment control support - has hydraulic thruster coupled by levers to cylinder block and crankcase |
-
1994
- 1994-12-01 DE DE4444555A patent/DE4444555A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-01-30 DE DE19502820A patent/DE19502820A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-30 DE DE19544989A patent/DE19544989A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1996
- 1996-02-22 DE DE19606622A patent/DE19606622A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19944669A1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-22 | Volkswagen Ag | Device and method for changing the compression of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
EP1236876A3 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-11-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | A variable compression ratio engine |
US6679203B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2004-01-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine using field-sensitive fluid |
GB2378743B (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2005-01-26 | Ford Global Tech Inc | A connecting rod for a variable compression engine |
GB2378743A (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-19 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Variable length connecting rod for a variable compression ratio engine |
EP1312777A3 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2006-02-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | A Variable Compression Ratio Engine |
EP1312777A2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | A Variable Compression Ratio Engine |
WO2013006892A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | The University Of Southern Queensland | Variable length connecting rod |
CN103670729A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 重庆交通大学 | Variable connecting rod type VCR engine connecting rod mechanism |
CN103670729B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-11-25 | 重庆交通大学 | Variable linkage type VCR engine link mechanism |
CN104061228A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-24 | 王立华 | Engine connecting rod mechanism with variable compression ratio |
US10626791B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2020-04-21 | MCE 5 Development | Variable compression ratio engine |
DE102017100024B3 (en) | 2017-01-02 | 2018-05-24 | Hochschule Heilbronn Technik, Wirtschaft, Informatik | Centrifugal force compensated switching valve |
CN108533606A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | A kind of engine link of variable-length |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19502820A1 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
DE19544989A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
DE4444555A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
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