DE19602703A1 - Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engine - Google Patents
Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engineInfo
- Publication number
- DE19602703A1 DE19602703A1 DE19602703A DE19602703A DE19602703A1 DE 19602703 A1 DE19602703 A1 DE 19602703A1 DE 19602703 A DE19602703 A DE 19602703A DE 19602703 A DE19602703 A DE 19602703A DE 19602703 A1 DE19602703 A1 DE 19602703A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- engine according
- stroke engine
- piston
- push rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with crankshaft
- F01B9/026—Rigid connections between piston and rod; Oscillating pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with crankshaft
- F01B9/023—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with crankshaft of Bourke-type or Scotch yoke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
- F02B25/08—Engines with oppositely-moving reciprocating working pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/24—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
- F02B75/246—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type with only one crankshaft of the "pancake" type, e.g. pairs of connecting rods attached to common crankshaft bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
- F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases for large diesel engines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Aufgrund der Nachteile wie erhöhte thermische Belastung, Schwierigkeiten bei der Kolbenschmierung, eine hohe Abgasemission sowie eine Wirkungsgradeinbuße durch die erforderliche Spülung der Zylinderkammer wird das Zweitaktverfahren fast nur noch bei kleinen Fahrzeugmotoren für den Antrieb von Mopeds, Krafträdern, Rasenmähern und Hilfsaggregaten sowie bei Großdieselmotoren für Schiffsantriebe angewendet, wo der Vorteil der einfachen und damit wartungsfreundlichen Konstruktion des Zweitaktmotors zum Tragen kommt.Because of the disadvantages like increased thermal stress, Piston lubrication difficulties, high Exhaust emissions and an efficiency loss due to the the necessary flushing of the cylinder chamber will Two-stroke process almost only for small vehicle engines for driving mopeds, motorcycles, lawnmowers and Auxiliary units and for large diesel engines for Marine propulsion applied where the advantage of simple and thus maintenance-friendly construction of the Two-stroke engine comes into play.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Zweikanal- Zweitaktmotor zu entwickeln, der sich gegenüber den bekannten Zweitaktmotoren durch eine höhere Leistung und eine höhere Drehzahl bei einer verhältnismäßig kleinen Hubraumvergrößerung auszeichnet.The object of the invention is to provide a two-channel To develop two-stroke engine, which compared to the known Two-stroke engines through higher performance and higher Speed with a relatively small increase in displacement distinguished.
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen Zweikanal-Zweitaktmotor mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.This object is achieved by a Two-channel two-stroke engine with the characteristics of Claim 1.
Die Unteransprüche beinhalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The subclaims contain advantageous ones Developments of the invention.
Zusätzlich zu den der Aufgabenstellung entnehmbaren Vorteilen zeichnet sich der erfindungsgemäße Zweitaktmotor durch eine verbesserte Kolbenschmierung aus.In addition to those that can be found in the task The two-stroke engine according to the invention has advantages due to improved piston lubrication.
Aufbau und Wirkungsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Zweitaktmotors sind nachstehend anhand der schematischen Fig. 1a bis 1d und 2 erläutert. The structure and mode of operation of the two-stroke engine according to the invention are explained below with reference to the schematic FIGS. 1a to 1d and 2.
Hauptbestandteile des als Flachmotor ausgebildeten Zweikanal-Zweitaktmotors 1 nach den Fig. 1a bis 1d sind ein belüftetes Kurbelgehäuse 2, zwei an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Kurbelgehäuses 2 angebrachte, druckfest abgedichtete und auf einer Achse 3-3 angeordnete Zylinder 4, 5 mit Motorkolben 6, 7, die über zwei Schubstangen 8, 9 und ein gemeinsames Schubstangenlager 10 auf den Kurbelzapfen 13 der Kurbelkröpfung 12 einer im Kurbelgehäuse 2 zweifach gelagerten Kurbelwelle 11 wirken, sowie zwei am Kurbelgehäuse 2 druckfest angebrachte Schubstangenführungen 14, 15, die zusammen mit dem inneren Abschnitt 16 der Zylinder 4, 5 und den als Hohlkolben ausgebildeten Motorkolben 6, 7 jeweils eine Kompressorkammer 17, 18 bilden.The main components of the two-channel, two-stroke engine 1 designed as a flat engine according to FIGS. 1a to 1d are a ventilated crankcase 2 , two pressure-tightly sealed cylinders 4 , 5 with engine pistons 6 , 7, which are arranged on opposite sides of the crankcase 2 and are arranged on an axis 3-3 , which act via two push rods 8 , 9 and a common push rod bearing 10 on the crank pin 13 of the crank crank 12 of a crankshaft 11 which is mounted twice in the crankcase 2 , and two push rod guides 14 , 15 which are pressure-tightly attached to the crankcase 2 and which together with the inner section 16 of FIG Cylinders 4 , 5 and the engine pistons 6 , 7 designed as hollow pistons each form a compressor chamber 17 , 18 .
Die beiden Zylinder 4, 5 des Zweitaktmotors 1 weisen jeweils einen an einen Ansaugkanal 19 angeschlossenen Ansaugschlitz 21 für die Luft im Zylinderfuß 20 auf, ferner eine Ladekammer 22, die über einen Luftaustrittsschlitz 23 mit einem Flatterventil 63 und einen Lufteintrittsschlitz 24 in der Zylinderwand 25 die Kompressorkammer 17 bzw. 18 mit der Zylinderkammer 26 bzw. 27 verbindet, einen Auslaßschlitz 28 in der Wand 25 der Zylinderkammer 26 bzw. 27 mit einem Auslaßkanal 29 für die Brenngase sowie eine Einspritzdüse 31 für eine Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung und eine Zündkerze 32 im Zylinderkopf 30.The two cylinders 4 , 5 of the two-stroke engine 1 each have an intake slot 21 connected to an intake duct 19 for the air in the cylinder base 20 , and also a loading chamber 22 , which has an air outlet slot 23 with a flap valve 63 and an air inlet slot 24 in the cylinder wall 25 Compressor chamber 17 or 18 connects to the cylinder chamber 26 or 27 , an outlet slot 28 in the wall 25 of the cylinder chamber 26 or 27 with an outlet channel 29 for the fuel gases and an injection nozzle 31 for direct fuel injection and a spark plug 32 in the cylinder head 30 .
Die beiden Schubstangen 8, 9 sind durch das Lagergehäuse 33 des Schubstangenlagers 10 miteinander verbunden, das einen zweiteiligen Gleitstein 34 aufweist, der in einer Gleitführung 35 des Lagergehäuses 33 quer zur Hubbewegung a, b der Motorkolben 6, 7 in Pfeilrichtung c, d hin- und herbewegbar ist und der auf dem Kurbelzapfen 13 der Kurbelwelle 11 mittels eines Gleitlagers 36 gelagert ist, das aus zwei Lagerschalen 36a, 36b besteht. The two push rods 8 , 9 are connected to one another by the bearing housing 33 of the push rod bearing 10 , which has a two-part sliding block 34 , which in a sliding guide 35 of the bearing housing 33 transversely to the stroke movement a, b of the engine pistons 6 , 7 in the direction of the arrow c, d and is movable and which is mounted on the crank pin 13 of the crankshaft 11 by means of a slide bearing 36 , which consists of two bearing shells 36 a, 36 b.
Das Lagergehäuse 33 des Schubstangenlagers 10 ist geteilt, und an das innere Ende 37 der beiden Schubstangen 8, 9 ist jeweils eine Gehäusehälfte 33a, 33b angeformt.The bearing housing 33 of the push rod bearing 10 is divided, and a housing half 33 a, 33 b is integrally formed on the inner end 37 of the two push rods 8 , 9 .
Die beiden Gleitflächen 34a, 34b des Gleitsteins 34 sind mit einer Weichmetallbeschichtung 38 versehen.The two sliding surfaces 34 a, 34 b of the sliding block 34 are provided with a soft metal coating 38 .
Die Schubstangen 8, 9 sind mit dem Kolbenboden 39 des zugehörigen Motorkolbens 6, 7 verschraubt.The push rods 8 , 9 are screwed to the piston crown 39 of the associated engine piston 6 , 7 .
Die Schubstangenführungen 14, 15 sind konisch ausgebildet, und die Innenwand 40 der Motorkolben 6, 7 weist eine entsprechende konische Form auf.The push rod guides 14 , 15 are conical, and the inner wall 40 of the engine pistons 6 , 7 has a corresponding conical shape.
An die Zylinder 4, 5 und die Schubstangenführungen 14, 15 des Zweitaktmotors 1 ist jeweils ein Befestigungsflansch 41, 42 angeformt, und die Zylinder 4, 5 sind mit der zugehörigen Schubstangenführung 14, 15 an dem Kurbelgehäuse 2 angeschraubt und gegen den Kompressordruck in den Kompressorkammern 17, 18 abgedichtet.A mounting flange 41 , 42 is formed on each of the cylinders 4 , 5 and the push rod guides 14 , 15 of the two-stroke engine 1 , and the cylinders 4 , 5 are screwed to the crankcase 2 with the associated push rod guide 14 , 15 and against the compressor pressure in the compressor chambers 17 , 18 sealed.
Die Motorkolben 6, 7 werden über eine umlaufende Ringnut 43 in der Zylinderwand 25 mit Öl geschmiert, wobei die Ringnut 43 über eine Zuleitung 44 an die nicht dargestellte Ölpumpe eines Ölkreislaufs sowie eine Rückleitung 45 an die Ölwanne 46 im Kurbelgehäuse 2 des Motors 1 angeschlossen ist. Beidseits der Ringnut 43 für die Kolbenschmierung sind in die Wand 25 der beiden Zylinder 4, 5 zwei Ölabstreifringe 47 eingesetzt. Die Motorkolben 6, 7 sind durch zwei in den Kolbenboden 39 eingesetzte Kolbenringe 48 gegen die Zylinderkammern 26, 27 sowie einen in den inneren Abschnitt 50 des Kolbenschaftes 49 eingesetzten Kolbenring 48 gegen die Kompressorkammern 17, 18 abgedichtet. The engine pistons 6 , 7 are lubricated with oil via a circumferential annular groove 43 in the cylinder wall 25 , the annular groove 43 being connected via a feed line 44 to the oil pump (not shown) of an oil circuit and a return line 45 to the oil pan 46 in the crankcase 2 of the engine 1 . Two oil control rings 47 are inserted into the wall 25 of the two cylinders 4 , 5 on both sides of the annular groove 43 for the piston lubrication. The engine pistons 6, 7 are sealed by two inserted in the piston head 39 piston rings 48 against the cylinder chambers 26, 27 and a piston ring inserted in the inner portion 50 of the piston skirt 49 48 against the compressor chambers 17, 18th
Das Schubstangenlager 10 wird durch zwei Ölbohrungen 51, die von den beiden an die Ölpumpe des Ölkreislaufs angeschlossenen Kurbelwellenlagern 52 durch die Kurbelwelle 11 zur Oberfläche des Kurbelzapfens 13 geführt sind, sowie zwei weitere von einer umlaufenden Ringnut 53 der beiden Lagerschalen 36a, 36b des Gleitlagers 36 des Gleitsteins 34 durch diesen zu dessen beiden Gleitflächen 34a, 34b geführte Ölbohrungen 54 mit Öl geschmiert.The push rod bearing 10 is guided by two oil bores 51 , which are guided by the two crankshaft bearings 52 connected to the oil pump of the oil circuit through the crankshaft 11 to the surface of the crank pin 13 , and two further by a circumferential annular groove 53 of the two bearing shells 36 a, 36 b of the Slide bearing 36 of the sliding block 34 through this to its two sliding surfaces 34 a, 34 b led oil holes 54 lubricated with oil.
In den Ansaugkanal 19 der Zylinder 4, 5 ist ein Flatterventil 62 eingebaut.A flap valve 62 is installed in the intake duct 19 of the cylinders 4 , 5 .
Die Arbeitsweise des mit Ottokraftstoff ohne Zusatz von Öl betriebenen Zweikanal-Zweitaktmotors 1 geht aus den Fig. 1a bis 1d hervor.The mode of operation of the two-channel two-stroke engine 1 operated with petrol without the addition of oil can be seen from FIGS. 1a to 1d.
In der Darstellung nach Fig. 1a befindet sich der Motorkolben 6 des Zylinders 4 in der oberen Totpunktlage, und der Motorkolben 7 des Zylinders 5 nimmt die untere Totpunktlage ein. Das in der Zylinderkammer 26 befindliche Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch wird durch einen elektrischen Zündfunken der Zündkerze 32 gezündet. Da der Kolben eine längere Zeit im oberen Totpunkt verweilt als übliche Pleuelmotoren, kann die Zündung ca. 10° nach dem oberen Totpunkt der Kurbelwelle erfolgen und somit der idealen Kraftabnahmestellung der Kurbelwelle entgegenkommen. Dadurch würde auch das "Nageln" des Dieselmotors weitgehend abgestellt. Durch den im Zylinder 4 entstehenden Druck wird der Kolben 6 in Pfeilrichtung a nach innen geschoben, und die Kurbelwelle 11 wird durch die über die Schubstange 8 auf den Kurbelzapfen 13 ausgeübte Kolbenkraft P in Pfeilrichtung e in Drehung versetzt. Bei dem Arbeitshub verschiebt sich der Motorkolben 6 über die in Fig. Ib dargestellte mittlere Position in die untere Totpunktlage gemäß Fig. 1c, und der Gleitstein 34 des Schubstangenlagers 10 verschiebt sich aus der Mittellage 34′ nach Fig. Ia in Pfeilrichtung c nach unten in eine untere Lage 34" gemäß Fig. 1b und in Pfeilrichtung d wieder nach oben in die Mittellage 34′ gemäß Fig. 1c. Bei dem Arbeitshub des Motorkolbens 6 wird der Auslaßkanal 29 des Zylinders 4 durch den Kolben 6 geschlossen, und der Ansaugkanal 19 des Zylinders 4 wird durch das in diesen eingebaute Flatterventil 62 geschlossen, so daß die in der Kompressorkammer 17 befindliche Luft über das Flatterventil 63 im Luftaustrittsschlitz 23 in die Ladekammer 22 gedrückt wird. Sobald beim Arbeitshub der Lufteintrittsschlitz 24 zur Zylinderkammer 26 von dem Motorkolben 6 freigegeben wird, strömt die vorverdichtete Luft aus der Ladekammer 22 durch den Lufteintrittsschlitz 24 in die Zylinderkammer 26. Gleichzeitig mit der Freigabe des Lufteintrittsschlitzes 24 der Zylinderkammer 26 wird auch der Luftauslaßschlitz 28 der Zylinderkammer 26 durch den Motorkolben 6 geöffnet, so daß die noch unter Druck stehenden Verbrennungsgase durch den freigegebenen Auslaßkanal 29 aus der Zylinderkammer 26 auspuffen und die Restgase durch die in die Zylinderkammer 26 einströmende, vorverdichtete Frischluft über den Auslaßkanal 29 ausgespült werden. Zu Beginn des anschließenden Verdichtungshubes des Motorkolbens 6 in Pfeilrichtung b wird der Ansaugkanal 19 zur Kompressorkammer 17 durch das Flatterventil 62 geöffnet, und der Auslaßkanal 29 sowie der Lufteintrittsschlitz 24 der Zylinderkammer 26 werden durch den sich in Pfeilrichtung b nach außen bewegenden Motorkolben 6 geschlossen, so daß bei dem weiteren Verdichtungshub des Motorkolbens 6, bei dem sich dieser aus der unteren Totpunktlage nach Fig. 1c in die obere Totpunktlage nach Fig. 1a bewegt, die in der Zylinderkammer 26 befindliche, vorverdichtete Frischluft hochverdichtet wird und durch den sich in der Kompressorkammer 17 einstellenden Unterdruck Frischluft über den Ansaugkanal 19 in die Kompressorkammer 17 angesaugt wird. Bevor der Motorkolben 6 die obere Totpunktlage gemäß Fig. 1a erreicht, wird zunächst über die Düse 31 im Zylinderkopf 30 Kraftstoff eingespritzt, so daß gegen Ende des Verdichtungshubes des Motorkolbens 6 eine Verwirbelung des Kraftstoffes durch den Verdichtungsvorgang in der Zylinderkammer 26 erreicht wird, und danach beginnt mit dem Zünden des Kraftstoff- Luftgemisches ein neuer Arbeitstakt. Bei dem Verdichtungshub des Motorkolbens 6 bewegt sich der Gleitstein 34 des Schubstangenlagers 10 aus der Mittelposition 34′ in der unteren Totpunktlage des Motorkolbens 6 gemäß Fig. 1c zunächst in Pfeilrichtung d nach oben in eine obere Lage 34′′′ gemäß Fig. 1d und dann wieder in die Mittelage 34′ nach Fig. 1a, in der der Motorkolben 6 wieder die obere Totpunktlage einnimmt.In the illustration of FIG. 1 is the engine piston 6 of the cylinder 4 in the upper dead center, and the engine piston 7 of the cylinder 5 assumes the bottom dead center position. The fuel-air mixture located in the cylinder chamber 26 is ignited by an electrical spark of the spark plug 32 . Since the piston remains in top dead center for a longer time than conventional connecting rod engines, the ignition can take place approx. 10 ° after top dead center of the crankshaft and thus meet the ideal power take-off position of the crankshaft. This would also largely stop the "nailing" of the diesel engine. Due to the pressure generated in the cylinder 4 , the piston 6 is pushed inward in the direction of arrow a, and the crankshaft 11 is set in rotation in the direction of arrow e by the piston force P exerted on the crank pin 13 via the push rod 8 . During the working stroke, the engine piston 6 moves over the middle position shown in FIG. 1b into the bottom dead center position according to FIG. 1c, and the sliding block 34 of the push rod bearing 10 moves out of the middle position 34 'according to FIG a lower layer 34 "as shown in FIG. 1b and in the direction of arrow d back up into the central position 34 'as shown in FIG. 1c. During the working stroke of the engine piston 6 , the outlet channel 29 of the cylinder 4 is closed by the piston 6 , and the suction channel 19 of the is cylinder 4 is closed by the built in this reed valve 62 so that the air in the compressor chamber 17 is pressed via the reed valve 63 in the air outlet slot 23 in the loading chamber 22nd Once during the working stroke of the air inlet slot 24 to the cylinder chamber 26 is released from the motor plungers 6 , the pre-compressed air flows out of the loading chamber 22 through the air inlet slot 24 into the cylinder chamber 26 Churrently with the release of the air inlet slot 24 of the cylinder chamber 26 , the air outlet slot 28 of the cylinder chamber 26 is opened by the engine piston 6 , so that the combustion gases still under pressure exhaust through the released outlet channel 29 from the cylinder chamber 26 and the residual gases through the into the cylinder chamber 26 incoming, pre-compressed fresh air can be flushed out via the outlet channel 29 . At the beginning of the subsequent compression stroke of the engine piston 6 in the direction of arrow b, the intake duct 19 to the compressor chamber 17 is opened by the flap valve 62 , and the outlet duct 29 and the air inlet slot 24 of the cylinder chamber 26 are closed by the engine piston 6 moving outward in the direction of arrow b, so that during the further compression stroke of the engine piston 6 , during which it moves from the bottom dead center position according to FIG. 1 c to the top dead center position according to FIG. 1 a , the pre-compressed fresh air located in the cylinder chamber 26 is highly compressed and through which in the compressor chamber 17 adjusting negative pressure fresh air is sucked into the compressor chamber 17 via the intake duct 19 . Before the engine piston 6 reaches the top dead center position according to FIG. 1a, fuel is first injected via the nozzle 31 in the cylinder head 30 , so that at the end of the compression stroke of the engine piston 6 a swirling of the fuel is achieved by the compression process in the cylinder chamber 26 , and then a new work cycle begins with the ignition of the fuel-air mixture. During the compression stroke of the engine piston 6 , the sliding block 34 of the push rod bearing 10 moves from the central position 34 'in the bottom dead center position of the engine piston 6 according to FIG. 1c first in the direction of arrow d up into an upper position 34 ''' according to FIG. 1d and then again in the middle position 34 'according to Fig. 1a, in which the engine piston 6 again assumes the top dead center position.
Die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 5, 7 des Zweitaktmotors 1 arbeitet in der gleichen vorbeschriebenen Weise wie die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 4, 6 mit einem Zündabstand von 180°.The cylinder-piston unit 5 , 7 of the two-stroke engine 1 operates in the same manner as the cylinder-piston unit 4 , 6 with an ignition interval of 180 °.
Der Ladedruck der Frischluft in den Ladekammern 22 kann durch das Volumen der Ladekammern bestimmt werden.The boost pressure of the fresh air in the loading chambers 22 can be determined by the volume of the loading chambers.
Die Kompressorkammern 17, 18 der Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten 4, 6 und 5, 7 haben ein Verdichtungsverhältnis null, um eine Vakuumbildung auszuschließen.The compressor chambers 17 , 18 of the cylinder-piston units 4 , 6 and 5 , 7 have a compression ratio of zero in order to prevent vacuum formation.
Durch den erreichbaren hohen Ladedruck erfolgt eine optimale Spülung der Zylinderkammern 26, 27, so daß eine Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades des Zweitaktmotors 1 gegenüber den bekannten Zweitaktmotoren erzielt wird.Due to the high boost pressure that can be achieved, the cylinder chambers 26 , 27 are optimally flushed, so that an improvement in the efficiency of the two-stroke engine 1 compared to the known two-stroke engines is achieved.
Es besteht die Möglichkeit, den vorbeschriebenen Zweitaktmotor 1 mit Dieselkraftstoff zu betreiben.It is possible to operate the two-stroke engine 1 described above with diesel fuel.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Zweitakt-Reihenmotor 55 mit vier Zylindern 4, 5 und 56, 57, deren Kolben 6, 7 und 58, 59 paarweise über Schubstangen 8, 9 und 60, 61 an zwei um 180° versetzten Kurbelzapfen 13 einer Kurbelwelle 11 angreifen. Bei diesem Reihenmotor 55 erfolgt eine paarweise Zündung der Zylinder 4 und 57 sowie 5 und 56 mit einem Zündabstand von 180°. Fig. 2 shows a two-stroke in-line engine 55 with four cylinders 4, 5 and 56, 57, the pistons 6, 7 and 58, 59 in pairs offset using connecting rods 8, 9 and 60, 61 at two 180 ° crank pin 13 of a crankshaft 11 attack. In this in-line engine 55 , cylinders 4 and 57 and 5 and 56 are fired in pairs with an ignition interval of 180 °.
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
1 Zweikanal-Zweitaktmotor
2 Kurbelgehäuse
3-3 Zylinderachse
4 Zylinder
5 Zylinder
6 Motorkolben von 4
7 Motorkolben von 5
8 Schubstange, befestigt an 6
9 Schubstange; befestigt an 7
10 Schubstangenlager
11 Kurbelwelle
12 Kurbelkröpfung von 11
13 Kurbelzapfen von 11
14 Schubstangenführung für 8
15 Schubstangenführung für 9
16 innerer Abschnitt von 4, 5
17 Kompressorkammer von 4
18 Kompressorkammer von 5
19 Ansaugkanal von 4, 5
20 Zylinderfuß von 4, 5
21 Ansaugschlitz in 20
22 Ladekammer
23 Luftaustrittsschlitz von 22
24 Lufteintrittsschlitz von 22
25 Zylinderwand
26 Zylinderkammer von 4
27 Zylinderkammer von 5
28 Auslaßschlitz von 26, 27
29 Auslaßkanal an 28
30 Zylinderkopf
31 Einspritzdüse in 30
32 Zündkerze in 30
33 Lagergehäuse von 10
33a Gehäusehälfte von 33
33b Gehäusehälfte von 33
34 Gleitstein von 10
34a Gleitfläche von 34
34b Gleitfläche von 34
34′ Mittellage von 34
34′′ untere Lage von 34
34′′′ obere Lage von 34
35 Gleitführung für 34 in 33
36 Gleitlager von 34
36a Lagerschale von 36
36b Lagerschale von 36
37 inneres Ende von 8, 9
38 Weichmetallbeschichtung von 34a, 34b
39 Kolbenboden von 6, 7
40 Innenwand von 6, 7
41 Befestigungsflansch an 4, 5
42 Befestigungsflansch an 14, 15
43 Ringnut in 25
44 Zuleitung zu 43
45 Rückleitung von 43 zu 46
46 Ölwanne
47 Ölabstreifring
48 Kolbenring
49 Kolbenschaft
50 innerer Abschnitt von 49
51 Ölbohrung zwischen 52 und 13
52 Kurbelwellenlager
53 Ringnut in 36a, 36b
54 Ölbohrung zwischen 53 und 34a, 34b
55 Reihenmotor mit vier Zylindern
56 Zylinder von 55
57 Zylinder von 55
58 Kolben von 56
59 Kolben von 57
60 Schubstange an 58
61 Schubstange an 59
62 Flatterventil in 19
63 Flatterventil in 23
P Kolbenkraft von 6, 7
a, b Hubbewegung von 6, 7
c, d Hin- und Herbewegung von 34
e Drehrichtung von 11 1 two-channel two-stroke engine
2 crankcase
3-3 cylinder axis
4 cylinders
5 cylinders
6 engine pistons of 4
7 engine pistons of 5
8 push rod, attached to 6
9 push rod; attached to 7
10 push rod bearings
11 crankshaft
12 crank crank from 11
13 crank pins from 11
14 push rod guide for 8
15 push rod guide for 9
16 inner section of 4 , 5
17 compressor chamber of 4
18 compressor chamber of 5
19 intake duct of 4 , 5
20 cylinder base of 4 , 5
21 suction slot in 20
22 loading chamber
23 air outlet slot of 2 2
24 air inlet slot of 2 2
25 cylinder wall
26 cylinder chamber of 4
27 cylinder chamber of 5
28 outlet slot of 26 , 27
29 outlet duct at 28
30 cylinder head
31 injector in 30
32 spark plug in 30
33 bearing housings of 10
33 a housing half of 33
33 b housing half of 33
34 sliding block of 10
34 a sliding surface of 34
34 b sliding surface of 34
34 ′ middle layer of 34
34 ′ ′ lower layer of 34
34 ′ ′ ′ upper layer of 34
35 sliding guide for 34 in 33
36 plain bearings from 34
36 a bearing shell from 36
36 b bearing shell from 36
37 inner end of 8 , 9
38 soft metal coating of 34 a, 34 b
39 piston crown from 6 , 7
40 inner wall of 6 , 7
41 mounting flange on 4 , 5
42 mounting flange on 14 , 15
43 ring groove in 25
44 supply line to 43
45 return from 43 to 46
46 oil pan
47 Oil scraper ring
48 piston ring
49 piston skirt
50 inner section of 49
51 oil well between 52 and 13
52 crankshaft bearings
53 ring groove in 36 a, 36 b
54 oil well between 53 and 34 a, 34 b
55 in- line engine with four cylinders
56 cylinders of 55
57 cylinders of 55
58 pistons of 56
59 pistons of 57
60 push rod on 58
61 push rod to 59
62 flutter valve in 19
63 flap valve in 23
P piston force of 6 , 7
a, b stroke movement of 6 , 7
c, d float of 34
e Direction of rotation from 11
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19602703A DE19602703A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 | 1996-01-26 | Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engine |
DE1996117207 DE19617207C2 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1996-04-30 | Four-stroke engine with direct fuel injection |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19531105 | 1995-08-24 | ||
DE19602703A DE19602703A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 | 1996-01-26 | Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19602703A1 true DE19602703A1 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
Family
ID=7770252
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19602703A Withdrawn DE19602703A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 | 1996-01-26 | Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE19602703A1 (en) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19904004C1 (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-04-20 | Udo Wagener | Two stroke internal combustion engine has pistons with inlet valves mounted in piston crowns |
DE19915219A1 (en) * | 1999-04-03 | 2000-11-02 | Helmut Heuer | Lever-type piston engine or compressor joins piston pairs by adapter containing sliders to balance out lever radii and harmful side pressure. |
WO2005066474A1 (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-07-21 | Chee Kiat Foo | Scotch yoke mechanism and piston arrangement |
CN100357572C (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2007-12-26 | 庄才福 | Double-piston engine |
WO2011142859A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-11-17 | Insitu, Inc. | Two-stroke, fuel injected internal combustion engines for unmanned aircraft and associated systems and methods |
US8944373B2 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2015-02-03 | Insitu, Inc. | Line capture devices for unmanned aircraft, and associated systems and methods |
US9266610B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2016-02-23 | Insitu, Inc. | Controlled range and payload for unmanned vehicles, and associated systems and methods |
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US9896222B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2018-02-20 | Insitu, Inc. | Capture devices for unmanned aerial vehicles, including track-borne capture lines, and associated systems and methods |
US9944408B2 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2018-04-17 | Insitu, Inc. | Systems and methods for recovering and controlling post-recovery motion of unmanned aircraft |
WO2018215698A1 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-29 | Pons Jean Eugène | Internal combustion engine |
CN109751147A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-14 | 宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司 | Opposed Pistons and Engines |
US10399674B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2019-09-03 | Insitu, Inc. | Systems and methods countering an unmanned air vehicle |
US10407181B2 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | Insitu, Inc. | Locking line capture devices for unmanned aircraft, and associated systems and methods |
DE102007005228B4 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2020-07-02 | Grini Miskarov | Motor with a piston with a rectangular cross section |
US10767682B2 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2020-09-08 | Insitu, Inc. | Frangible fasteners with flexible connectors for unmanned aircraft, and associated systems and methods |
US10933997B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2021-03-02 | Insitu, Inc. | Aerial launch and/or recovery for unmanned aircraft, and associated systems and methods |
US11066185B2 (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-07-20 | Insitu, Inc. | Launch and/or recovery for unmanned aircraft and/or other payloads, including via parachute-assist, and associated systems and methods |
US11142339B2 (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-10-12 | Insitu, Inc. | Launch and/or recovery for unmanned aircraft and/or other payloads, including via parachute-assist, and associated systems and methods |
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US4013048A (en) * | 1975-12-12 | 1977-03-22 | Reitz Daniel M | Bourke type engine |
DE4204319A1 (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-08-19 | Norbert Kraemer | IC engine with external ignition - has two-part central shaft with end discs and central cage, which guides shaft, held eccentrically in discs |
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 DE DE19602703A patent/DE19602703A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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DE2355109A1 (en) * | 1972-11-06 | 1974-05-16 | Cedric Hewer Wren | PISTON POWER MACHINE |
US4013048A (en) * | 1975-12-12 | 1977-03-22 | Reitz Daniel M | Bourke type engine |
DE4204319A1 (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-08-19 | Norbert Kraemer | IC engine with external ignition - has two-part central shaft with end discs and central cage, which guides shaft, held eccentrically in discs |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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JP 4-183935 A in Pat. Abstr. of Jp., M-1325, Oct. 15, 1992, Vol. 16, No. 498 * |
Cited By (36)
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DE19915219C2 (en) * | 1999-04-03 | 2003-12-24 | Helmut Heuer | Piston engine or compressor |
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