DE19532880C1 - Wind power generating system mounted on pylon carrying overhead power line - Google Patents

Abstract

The system consists of a number of rotary segments (17) set up on vertical shafts (11,15) which can rotate on crosspieces (9,13) of the tower (1) at two or more different levels. The crosspieces extend through the centre of the tower and each rotary segment has a diameter exceeding the breadth of the tower, and incorporates two or more vertical blades for engagement with the wind. The shafts are coupled to an electric generator (21) on the ground with a transformer (22) and regulator (23).

Description

The present invention relates to a wind turbine for Generation of electrical energy on an overhead line load-bearing guy mast with rotor segments driven by wind ten who generate electricity via at least one generator, wel cher is transmitted to the overhead line.

There are a number of wind turbines for generating known electrical energy, which is usually expensive Represent building structures. These building constructions are best from a foundation for each mast of the wind turbine, the mast construction with the associated wind turbine, one Transformation station for one or more of the wind turbines as well as pathways and underground cable routes with which the transfer electrical energy to the transformation station and from there to a building that requires electrical energy or in an overhead line carried by a guy tower is transferred.

Such a known wind turbine has one or multi-bladed horizontal axis rotor, which acts as a wind turbine serves. Other known wind turbines have one vertical axis of rotation rotatable wind wheel. While the Wind turbines with horizontal axis rotors for optimal Wind exploitation with complex control devices perma nent have to be turned in the wind for optimal The wind turbines help to achieve wind exploitation vertical axis of rotation the disadvantage that they are not al can start off. You are therefore often with the rela tively easy starting Savonius rotors, which combine characterized by a curved rotor surface.  

The wind turbines described above are therefore by one marked high design effort and require a lot high investment and operating costs as well as an enormously large one a lot of material. The economic viability of such systems is not particularly optimal because, apart from the cost, enormous energy losses through the transfer of the gained Energy from the wind turbine to the consumer, as a result of lan long distances.

When rebuilding this aforementioned wind turbine are time-consuming approval procedures by authorities, Residents, environmental agencies, energy supply companies, etc. necessary that take a long time and often stick to it fail. This continues to complicate construction and the operation of these wind turbines.

A wind turbine is known from DE 31 13 247 A1, at the turbine units are attached to the end of a support arm, the other end with one essentially verti kale swivel joint articulated on the guy tower and is equipped with a rotary actuator. As a turbine unit For this purpose, gates are arranged in triangular form nete multi-bladed wind turbines used. A disadvantage of this Solution is that the groups of impellers each by a swivel drive must be turned into the wind. This requires a particularly high design effort and Hub-piston drives by energy supply and energy must be operated.

DE 41 06 976 A1 is also a wind turbine known in which one or more rotors on or in one High-voltage pylon arranged and connected to a generator that are and the current generated by the generator into the current leading line is fed. Are on the transmission tower  rigid impellers installed so that their rotation from the depends on the respective wind direction. In addition, in this publication discloses a solution in which inner Several Darrieus rotors one above the other half of the guy boom are arranged, each of the rotors ge on a shaft is stored, which are then connected to a generator. Also this solution requires a lot of design, and leaves only a limited number of rotor shapes due to the given grid construction of the guy tower.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to have a wind Power plant for generating electrical energy fen to be built on existing or still existing the guy towers can be installed, the Investi tion and operating costs while improving the Efficiency of the wind turbine should be reduced.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a plurality offset to each other, parallel to the vertical longitudinal axis of the Anchored mast arranged through vertical rotor shaft len, the trusses of the guy tower on at least two spaced locations are rotatably supported, each on the rotor shafts a plurality of Ro arranged one above the other gate segments are attached.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Crossbeams on which the rotor shafts are rotatably supported, protrude beyond the cross section of the guy boom. Thereby can arrange the rotor segments between these travers sen and be guaranteed outside the guy mast.

In a further variant, each of the Rotor segments have a diameter that is each the width corresponds to the guy boom.  

In another embodiment variant, the rotor has each segments a diameter that is larger than the width of the guy tower. This can create a variety of Rotor types are used in this wind turbine.

A wind turbine is available through this invention which is perfectly compatible with the Requirements for an environmentally friendly energy supply of the Households and industry, with the environment largely is spared. By the energy company generated energy is generated by the invention, outside of the guy tower installed wind turbine permanently enriches. The cost of retrofitting existing guy towers are considerably smaller than the In installation of the known wind turbines and the associated Facilities. The wind according to the invention can be used as a kit power plant not only on existing ones, but also in new guy towers to be erected. The In The installation of the wind turbine also does not require any official approval approval process, since already approved structures in Form of guy towers are present. The approval association will not drive through for new guy towers Approval procedure for the wind turbine burdened, especially the guy towers are, without exception, the property of Energie utilities and the site a right of use in favor of the operator is encumbered.

Due to the steel grid construction of the guy poles is the wind turbine is independent of the wind direction and therefore leads to an economic wind harvest. Are particularly suitable Guy lines in coastal areas up to 200 km inland as well as high and low mountain ranges.  

Due to the inventive design of the wind turbine the electrical energy obtained is directly on the guy tower, thus fed into the overhead line by the shortest route and basically leads to energy savings of coal, gas or Nuclear power in the power plants. Since next to the wind speed also the collecting area of the rotor blades, the wind turbine circle of the rotor segments and their attachment in relatively large height is decisive for comparable conditions the wind power plant according to the invention less material and expensive. In addition, the wind turbine be designed so that a series production and attachment to existing guy poles of a certain size and height is possible.

It is also provided that each rotor segment from mind at least two, serving as a wind attack surface, vertically out aligned rotor blades.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention the generator at the lower end of a support and support structure tion or at the upper end of the rotor shaft of the guy tower orderly.

For optimal transmission of the rotation of the rotor segments to reach the generator, it is provided that the rotor segment elements about tension elements and one in the base of the guy stes arranged vertical rotor shaft are connected. For this purpose, the tension elements are expediently via a Coupling connected to the rotor shaft.

To improve the efficiency of the invention Wind turbines are a compensation or rule for the generator gearbox associated with the genes behind it rator drives and given at the required speed  if the generator cannot be overturned.

In addition, the generator is ver with a transformer bound, which is downstream of the generator. The won Energy is transferred to the required voltage via the transformer che voltage synchronized and for the overhead line made able to feed.

Advantageously, the differential or control gear, the generator and the transformer are constructed as a structural unit det. This allows easy installation of the wind power was on the guy tower and an inaccessibility to this Ge advice can be implemented by unauthorized persons. For this purpose NEN the differential or control gear, the generator and the Transformer be housed in one housing, the This housing expediently on the concrete base foundation of the guy boom is installed.

The element that transmits the electrical energy obtained is preferably a cable, which with the from the guy tower worn overhead line is connected. This makes it extreme short transport routes for the transmission of electrical Enables energy in the overhead line and thus in the power grid light, so the transmission loss of energy especially are low.

According to a second embodiment of the invention Wind turbine for generating electrical energy Anchoring masts carrying overhead lines with wind driven benen rotor segments that have at least one generator Gain electricity, which is transmitted to the overhead line, the problem is solved in that between neighboring Tensioning masts at least one rotor segment in the overhead lines is braced by means of suspension cables.  

This creates the possibility of one or more Ro door segments in the distance between two guy poles bring to generate additional electricity. With this out the rotor segments are not directly in or attached to the guy tower. When arranging a same Chen number of rotor segments on each side of the guy Additional cable tensile forces on the guy tower are almost there neutralized. This variant according to the invention is special Suitable for multi-arm guy towers. Thus can be provided be that the at least one rotor segment between Ab tensioned masts, the at least two horizontal, the overhead lines have supporting arms.

Short circuits between the overhead lines and the suspension cables to avoid for the rotor segments are the rotor segment exciting ropes using isolators to the free lines isolated. In principle, the insulators same insulators are used that are used to isolate anyway tion of the overhead lines and the guy tower are used. However, simpler insulation elements are also known applicable.

The suspension cables are connected to each other by a rotor shaft the one on which the rotor segment is rotatably arranged, wherein the rotor shaft is supported in the suspension cables. Through this Measure is the rotation of the rotor segments by the contractor handle of the wind realized.

In a further development of this embodiment according to the invention The variant is the rotor shaft with the associated generator connected. Conveniently, each rotor shaft or each Rotor segment a separate, small generator who assigned the. It can also be provided that between the Ro Torwelle and the generator arranged a differential  is.

In addition, the generator is associated with it connected transformer that transforms the generated current through a transmission element into the overhead lines of the guy mast transferred.

To optimally tighten the suspension cables for the rotor segments can, these are designed to be adjustable in length.

Furthermore, the wind turbine is designed such that the rotor segment from a Savonius rotor and / or a dar rieus rotor exists. The Savonius rotor is an An drive rotor intended for the Darrieus rotor. The Savonius Rotor is particularly suitable to first the attacking wind capture and the rotor segment and thus the Darrieus rotor in To set rotation. The rotor segment is once in rotation, the Darrieus rotor is able to do so on its own Force continues to rotate. However, it should be emphasized that the training the rotor segment does not match the aforementioned Savonius or Darrieus rotors is limited. The Roto with shovel-shaped leaves or lamellae that ver can be designed to be adjustable.

In a further embodiment of the wind power according to the invention system is for safety reasons in which the elec tric energy transfer path a controller / Switching device arranged. This regulator / Switching device has at least one disconnector or Regulator on the backflow of the electrical energy prevented when the wind turbine is at a standstill.

In yet another embodiment of the wind turbine can use a transformer as a collective transformer for a more  number of guy towers in or outside one of these tensioning masts are installed. So is a transformer to transform the electrical energy obtained for responsible for several of the guy poles. The materi al and investment costs can be further reduced.

The wind power plant according to the invention is particularly suitable for guy lines carrying overhead lines, if these are off Angle profiles are existing steel masts. Furthermore, of course the overhead line is an overland overhead line his.

Finally, it can be provided that an accumulator for Storage of excess electrical energy is provided which with reduced operation of the wind turbine this energy gie transmits into the overhead line, whereby possibly before passing times of weak energy yield and generation can be bridged as a result of only a small wind harvest.

In further training of the subject of the invention finally the inner surface in all embodiments and / or outer surface of each rotor blade of the rotor segment be provided with a solar cell field. By this measure it is also possible to use electrical energy using solar cells to generate when the rotor segment due to no wind elements do not rotate or rotate only slightly. The solar cells deliver then the energy gained to the generator, which is the electri energy through the transformer to the overland Feeds overhead line.

The invention is referenced in two exemplary embodiments took described in more detail on the accompanying drawings. The Drawings show in

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wind turbine according to the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the wind turbine according to FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a further side view of the wind turbine shown in Figure 1, but rotated by 90 ° relative to the view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a rotor segment of the wind turbine;

Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a wind turbine according to the invention according to Fig. 1; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of another inventive SEN wind turbine.

The wind turbine according to the invention is shown in a first imple mentation form according to FIGS. 1 to 5 in its entirety on egg nem constructed as a guy tower 1 , which has two superposed support arms 3 and 4 in the area of the mast head 2 . On the upper arm 3 and on the lower arm 4 , an overhead overhead line 5 and 6 is attached in the usual way. The base 7 of the guy tower 1 is brought with appropriate concrete foundations 8 in the ground.

At a right angle offset to the longitudinal axis of the supporting arm 3 is in the region of the mast tip 2 of the guy the mast 1 a cross member 9 which is fixed to the grid structure of the guy pole. 1 A further cross member 10 is arranged above the base frame 7 of the guy mast 1 and runs parallel to the cross member 9 in the same direction. The distance between the two crossbeams 9 and 10 extends over most of the length of the guy boom 1 .

The respective ends of the cross members 9 and 10 are each connected by means of a rotor shaft 11 which are rotatably mounted in the cross members 9 and 10 . These rotor shafts 11 are thus outside of the guy boom 1 and extend par allel to the vertical longitudinal axis 12 of the guy tower 1 .

Immediately below the support arm 4 , another Tra verse 13 is provided, which is aligned parallel, that is in the same direction to the course of the support arm 4 . This cross member 13 is thus offset by 90 ° to the cross members 9 and 10 . Par allel to this crossmember 13 , another crossmember 14 is also arranged in the area of the base frame 7 of the guy mast 1 , which is thereby also offset by 90 ° to the crossmembers 9 and 10 . Between the respective ends of the crossbeams 13 and 14 , rotor shafts 15 are also rotatably supported, which are each set at right angles and are parallel to the rotor shafts 11 . Due to the fact that these rotor shafts 15 are in connection with the traverses 13 and 14 in the same vertical plane to the support arm 4 of the guy boom 1 , they are significantly shorter than the rotor shafts 11 , which are located outside the extent of the support arms 3 and 4 .

In the lower area of the guy mast 1 , namely in the area of the base frame 7 , a support and support structure 16 is provided, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3. This support and support structure 16 serves to support the un lower trusses 10 and 14th

A plurality of rotor segments 17 arranged one above the other are fastened to each of the rotor shafts 11 and 15 . In the present example, these rotor segments 17 each have the same wind circle diameter. The diameter of the rotor segments 17 can each correspond to the width of the guy mast 1 . However, the diameter of the rotor segments 17 can also have a larger or smaller or mutually different diameters. The formation of such a rotor segment 17 is shown schematically in FIG. 4.

In the area of the base frame 7 of the guy mast 1 , a further rotor shaft 18 is arranged in its longitudinal axis 12 . This rotor shaft 18 is rotatably connected at its upper end by means of tension elements 19 to the rotor segments 17 according to FIG. 5 or directly to the rotor shafts 11 and 15 of the rotor segments 17 . The tension elements 19 are connected to the rotor shaft 18 , for example, by means of a conventional driver clutch or slip clutch, not shown. This enables the most rotated by the wind Rotorsegmen te 17 drive the rotor shaft 18 , the other rotor segments 17 can also be driven.

The lower end of the rotor shaft 18 is, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, connected to a differential 20 , a Ge generator 21 and a transformer 22 and a controller / switching device 23 . The differential 20 , the generator 21 , the transformer 22 and the controller / switching device 23 can be formed as a unit and are preferably housed in a housing, which in turn is in the base frame 7 of the guy boom 1 angeord net. The differential gear 20 serves to increase the speed of the rotor shaft 18 for the generator 21 and also prevents its overturning.

By the wind, the rotor segments 17 are set in rotation ver, whereby the rotation via the tension elements 19 is transmitted to the rotor shaft 18 . The current generated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 18 in the generator 21 is transmitted to the transformer 22 and transformed to the voltage provided in the overhead power lines 5 and 6 . Via the regulator / switching device 23 , the current generated in the generator 21 and transformed by the transformer 22 is transferred via a cable, not shown in more detail, which is attached to the end mast 1 , to the overland overhead lines 5 and 6 , where it is passed on to a consumer becomes.

The rotor segments 17 can be designed as Savonius rotors, Darrieus rotors and rotors with scoop-shaped blades or blades, which can be designed to be adjustable.

In a second embodiment of the wind according to the invention energy plant according to FIG. 6, which will be described below, substantially the same reference numerals used for the same parts as in the inventive execution form according to FIGS. 1 to 5. In this embodiment, a rotor segment 17 arranged between two existing guy towers 1 , only one guy tower 1 is shown in Fig. 6. The guy tower 1 also has an upper support arm 3 , on each of which two live overhead lines 5 getra gene. Furthermore, the guy tower 1 comprises a lower support arm 4 , each carrying two live overhead lines 6 . The two overhead lines 5 of the upper bracket 3 are verbun between two guy poles 1 with a suspension cable 24 to the. In the same way, the overhead lines 6 of the lower support arm 4 of the guy tower 1 are connected with a support cable 25 to the. The support cables 24 and 25 are insulated from the overhead lines 5 and 6 with insulators 26 in order to prevent short circuits between the overhead lines 5 and 6 and the support cables 24 and 25 .

A rotor shaft 11 for a rotor segment 17 , which is rotatably mounted on the rotor shaft 11 , is arranged between the upper support cable 24 and the lower support cable 25 . The ro torwelle 11 is also gela in the supporting ropes 24 and 25 .

In the present embodiment, the rotor segment 17 consists of an inner Savonius rotor 27 and a surrounding Darrieus rotor 28th The Savonius rotor 27 is used to run or initially drive the Darrieus rotor 28 . Both rotors 27 and 28 are rotated by the wind. In the area of the lower support cable 25 and the lower end of the rotor shaft 11 , a generator 21 is arranged, to which a differential 20 , as described in relation to FIGS. 1 to 5, is assigned. From the generator 21 , a transmission line 29 leads to the transformer 22 located in the base frame 7 of the tensioning element 1 . The current generated by the rotor segment 17 in connection with the generator 21 is transferred via the transmission line 29 to the transformer 22 , which transforms the current to the voltage provided in the overhead lines 5 and 6 . The transformed energy is transferred into the existing free lines 5 and 6 of the guy booms 1 via a further cable 30 .

This invention is one of today's demands on one Relief for the environment, well adapted solution with high Environmental compatibility. Because the wind turbine as a kit is producible, it can be in existing or also Guy poles still to be installed are installed, whereby significantly reduces investment and operating costs become while the efficiency is improved.

Claims (30)

1. Wind power plant for generating electrical energy on a guy line carrying an overhead line with rotor segments driven by the wind, which generate electricity via at least one generator, which is transmitted into the overhead line, characterized by a plurality of mutually offset, parallel to the vertical longitudinal axis ( 12 ) of the guy tower ( 1 ) arranged through vertical rotor shafts ( 11 ; 15 ), which are rotatably mounted on traverses ( 9 ; 10 or 13 ; 14 ) of the guy tower ( 1 ) at at least two spaced locations, with each of the rotor shafts ( 11 ; 15 ) a plurality of rotor segments ( 17 ) arranged one above the other are attached. 2. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the trusses ( 9 ; 10 and 13 ; 14 ), on which the rotor shafts ( 11 ; 15 ) are rotatably mounted, protrude beyond the cross section of the guy mast ( 1 ). 3. Wind power plant according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each of the rotor segments ( 17 ) has a diameter which corresponds in each case to the width of the guy mast ( 1 ). 4. Wind power plant according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each of the rotor segments ( 17 ) has a diameter which is in each case larger than the width of the guy mast ( 1 ) 5. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each rotor segment ( 17 ) consists of at least two serving as a wind attack surface, vertically aligned rotor blades. 6. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the generator ( 21 ) is arranged at the lower end in a support and support structure ( 16 ) or at the upper end of the rotor shaft ( 18 ) of the guy mast ( 1 ). 7. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor segments ( 17 ) via tension elements ( 19 ) and one in the base frame ( 7 ) of the guy mast ( 1 ) arranged vertical rotor shaft ( 18 ) are connected. 8. Wind power plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the tension elements ( 19 ) are connected via a coupling to the ro tor shaft ( 18 ). 9. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the generator ( 21 ) is assigned a differential or control gear ( 20 ). 10. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the generator ( 21 ) is connected to a transformer ( 22 ). 11. Wind power plant according to claim 10, characterized in that the differential or control gear ( 20 ), the generator ( 21 ) and the transformer ( 22 ) are designed as a structural unit. 12. Wind power plant according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the differential or control gear ( 20 ), the generator ( 21 ) and the transformer ( 22 ) are housed in a housing. 13. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the element which transmits the electrical energy obtained is a cable which is connected to the overhead line ( 5; 6 ) carried by the guy tower ( 1 ). 14. Wind power plant for the generation of electrical energy on overhead lines carrying poles with rotor segments driven by the wind, which generate electricity via at least one generator, which is transmitted into the overhead line, characterized in that between adjacent guy poles ( 1 ) at least one rotor segment ( 17 ) is braced in the overhead lines ( 5 ; 6 ) by means of supporting cables ( 24 ; 25 ). 15. Wind power plant according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one rotor segment ( 17 ) between tensioning masts ( 1 ) is clamped, the at least two horizontal, the overhead lines ( 5 ; 6 ) supporting arms ( 3 ; 4 ). 16. Wind turbine according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the rotor segment ( 17 ) exciting support cables ( 24 ; 25 ) by means of insulators ( 26 ) are insulated from the overhead lines ( 5 ; 6 ). 17. Wind turbine according to claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the support cables ( 24 ; 25 ) are connected by a ro tor shaft ( 11 ) on which the rotor segment ( 17 ) is rotatably arranged, the rotor shaft ( 11 ) in the Support cables ( 24 ; 25 ) is mounted. 18. Wind power plant according to claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the rotor shaft ( 11 ) is connected to the associated generator ( 21 ). 19. Wind power plant according to claims 14 to 18, characterized in that a differential gear ( 20 ) is arranged between the rotor shaft ( 11 ) and the generator ( 21 ). 20. Wind power plant according to claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the generator ( 21 ) is connected to a transformer ( 22 ) associated therewith which transmits the generated, transformed current via a transmission element ( 29 ) into the overhead lines ( 5 ; 6 ) of the guy mast ( 1 ) transferred. 21. Wind power plant according to claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the supporting cables ( 24 ; 25 ) for the rotor segment ( 17 ) are adjustable in length. 22. Wind turbine according to claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the rotor segment ( 17 ) from a Savo nius rotor ( 27 ) and / or a Darrieus rotor ( 28 ) be. 23. Wind power plant according to claim 22, characterized in that the Savonius rotor ( 27 ) is provided as a drive rotor for the Darrieus rotor ( 28 ). 24. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a controller / switching device ( 23 ) is arranged in the electrical energy transmission path obtained. 25. Wind power plant according to claim 24, characterized in that the controller / switching device ( 23 ) has at least one isolating switch or controller, which prevents the backflow of electrical energy when the wind power plant is at a standstill. 26. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 25, characterized in that a transformer ( 22 ) is installed as a collective transformer for a plurality of guy pylons ( 1 ) in or outside one of these guy pylons ( 1 ). 27. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the overhead line ( 5 ; 6 ) carrying From mast ( 1 ) is a steel mast consisting of angle profiles. 28. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the overhead line ( 5 ; 6 ) is an overland overhead line. 29. Wind power plant according to claims 1 to 28, characterized in that an accumulator is provided for storing excess electrical energy, which transmits this energy into the overhead line ( 5 ; 6 ) with reduced operation of the wind power plant. 30. Wind turbine according to claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the inner surface and / or outer surface of each rotor blade of the rotor segment ( 17 ) is provided with a solar cell array.