DE178112C

DE178112C -

Info

Publication number: DE178112C
Application number: DENDAT178112D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Bei den meisten der bekannten Trichteröfen . sinkt die Kalkmasse in der Mitte erfahrungsgemäß bedeutend schneller als- an den Seitenrändern. Dies hat seine Ursache hauptsächlich darin, daß die Kalkstücke sich an den Seitenwänden teilweise infolge der trichterförmigen Verengerung des unteren Ofenteils stärker stauen als in der Mitte, wenn durch Herausziehen von Kalk aus denWith most of the known hopper furnaces. Experience has shown that the lime mass in the middle decreases significantly faster than at the margins. This has its cause mainly in the fact that the lime pieces on the side walls partly as a result of the the funnel-shaped constriction of the lower part of the furnace is dammed more than in the middle, if by extracting lime from the

ίο unteren Entleerungsöffnungen Hohlräume geschaffen werden.ίο lower drainage openings created cavities will.

Nach der Erfindung soll dieser Übelstand der Trichteröfen dadurch vermieden werden, daß im Grunde des Ofens in der Mitte zwisehen den Entleerungsöffnungen ein Schüttelrost angeordnet ist, auf welchem der mittlere Teil der im Ofen lagernden Kalkmassen ruht. Eine hinreichende Rüttelbewegung dieses Rostes ermöglicht es, die Kalkmassen nach jedesmaligem Herausziehen von Kalk aus den seitlichen Öffnungen und der dadurch bedingten unvermeidlichen Bildung von Hohlräumen in Bewegung zu setzen und dadurch die Bildung von gewölbeartigen Stauungen aufzuheben. Die von dem Schüttelrost ausgehenden Bewegungen erstrecken sich bis zu einer ziemlichen Höhe aufwärts und gleichen, obwohl diese Bewegungen nur geringe sind, Unterschiede in der Druckverteilung und der durchschnittlichen Dichtigkeit der Lagerung der Kalkmassen aus, so daß der Kalk sich längs der Wände erfahrungsgemäß ebenso schnell abwärts bewegt wie in der Mitte. Die geringere Behinderung des Abwärtssinkens des Kalkes in der Mitte wird hierbei durch den Umstand aufgehoben', daß der Kalk an den Seiten leichter zu den Entleerungsöffnungen gelangen kann. Durch diese gleichmäßige Abwärtsbewegung wird außer der Notwendigkeit des Ebnens der Kalkmassen im Ofen und der Ungleichmäßigkeit der Brennwirkung auch das Anbacken und Festsetzen des Kalkes an den Wänden vermieden.According to the invention, this drawback of the hopper furnaces is to be avoided by that at the bottom of the furnace in the middle between the emptying openings there is a shaking grate is arranged on which the middle part of the lime masses stored in the kiln rests. A sufficient shaking movement of this grate enables the lime masses to move every time lime is extracted from the side openings and the resulting inevitable formation of cavities in motion and thereby to eliminate the formation of vault-like congestion. The ones emanating from the shaking grate Movements extend up to quite a height and resemble, although these movements are small, Differences in the pressure distribution and the average tightness of the bearing of the lime masses, so that experience has shown that the lime is also along the walls moves quickly downwards like in the middle. The lesser obstruction to the downward sinking of the lime in the middle is canceled out by the fact that the lime is on the sides can more easily reach the emptying openings. Through this even Downward movement is also the necessity of leveling the lime masses in the kiln and the unevenness of the burning effect also the caking and setting of the lime on the walls avoided.

Wenn auch die Anwendung derartiger Schüttelroste bei anderen schachtförmig«! Vorrichtungen, z. B. bei Schachttrocknern, zu ähnlichen Zwecken wie den hier erwähnten bereits bekannt ist, so ist doch die Übertragung auf trichterförmige Kalköfen neu.Even if the use of such shaking grates in others is shaft-shaped «! Devices, e.g. B. in shaft dryers, for purposes similar to those mentioned here is already known, the transfer to funnel-shaped lime kilns is new.

Der Schüttelrost^ könnte zwar auch mit ähnlich vorteilhafter Wirkung bei trichterförmigen Kalköfen, wie bei den bekannten Kalköfen angewendet werden, welche einen vollkommen zylindrischen Schacht besitzen, da auch hier das ungleichmäßige Nacksinken des Materials infolge der Bildung von Hohlräumen leicht vorkommen kann. Im allgemeinen sind jedoch derartige ganz zylindrische Öfen für das Brennen von Kalk nicht zweckmäßig, weil der Ofendurchmesser wegen der Schwierigkeit, den Kalk aus den mittleren Teilen des Ofens zu entfernen, nur klein gewählt werden kann, und es würde bei zylindrischen Öfen auch die auf den mittleren Rost entfallende Last mit dem Durchmesser zu sehr wachsen.The shaking grate ^ could also have a similarly advantageous effect in the case of funnel-shaped Lime kilns, as used in the known lime kilns, which are perfect have a cylindrical shaft, because here, too, the uneven neck sinking of the material due to the formation of cavities can easily happen. In general, however, such are entirely cylindrical Furnaces for burning lime not suitable because of the furnace diameter because of the difficulty in removing the lime from the middle To remove parts of the furnace, only small can be chosen, and it would be cylindrical in the case of Kilns, the load on the middle grate grows too much with the diameter.

Es ist allerdings bekannt, am Grunde von Kalköfen zwischen den EntleerungsöffnungenIt is known, however, at the bottom of lime kilns between the discharge openings

Claims

To attach grids, including those whose rods can be removed by pulling them out. For the present purposes, however, such middle grids are not to be used, because the grate bars that have been pulled out to produce compensatory movements can generally not be reinserted during operation.
On the accompanying drawings is a

ίο four-door lime kiln, which is provided with such a shaking grate device, shown in Fig. 1 in vertical section, in Fig. 2 in plan, in Fig. 3 in vertical section along line AB of Fig. 2; FIGS. 4 and 5 indicate, on a larger scale, the arrangement of the shaking grate schematically.

In the embodiment of the lime kiln shown here, inclined largest α are built into the lower four emptying openings, on which the lime accumulates within these emptying openings after the angle of repose. If the lower pieces of lime are pulled away by means of poking, the lime falls from the inside of the furnace by itself as a result of the pressure relief until equilibrium is restored. Between the four emptying openings a roof-shaped central grate b is installed, which is designed as a shaking grate and, as can be seen from the drawing, has larger grate gaps so that at least smaller pieces of lime can fall through when the grate is shaken. The design of the shaking grate can be any; In the arrangement shown, the same is thought of a number of rods which are rotatably attached at their outer ends to a support each, in the middle to a common rail c by means of rivets, which rail rests on a central support d and by means of one on this support d rotatable lever e can be moved back and forth.

By shaking the lime mass stored in the lower part of the furnace, at the same time the ashes, which otherwise easily form the cavities remaining between the pieces of lime fills and thereby prevents the air from flowing through, removed more quickly, so that the air supply is more complete and in the the whole cross-section is more uniform. With sufficient movement of the shaking grate Experience has shown that it is easy to achieve that all cavities in the lower parts of the Fill the oven quickly from above, and this will make it even Reached downward sinking in all vertical zones of the furnace. While in the previously known lime kilns when increasing the operating speed, the losses of insufficiently burnt lime and the operational disruptions can be increased to an alarming degree, so that the performance of the old ovens is severely restricted the speed and, consequently, the efficiency of the Increase the furnace several times. In addition, the piece size of the lime can be against the material previously processed in the hopper furnace so that it increases with that of ring furnaces is the same as usual.

Pa τ ε ν τ - A ν s ρ R u c H:

Shaft-shaped, funnel-shaped lime kiln with several lower parts Emptying openings and middle grate, characterized in that the latter is designed as a shaking grate.

1 sheet of drawings.