DE1692477C - Growth promoting feed - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a growth-promoting feed, which by a content of about 0.0001 up to about 0.55 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone is characterized.

In recent years there has been considerable research towards the development of a feed has been undertaken, which besides the usual energy, protein and mineral springs various Contains vitamins and other additives that promote rapid and healthy growth of various Encourage pets such as poultry, sheep, cattle, pigs and the like. The animals reach up this way the market weight faster and with less feed.

With the help of the feed according to the invention, which are nutritionally balanced Feed is produced by bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbonydrazone have been supplemented, faster growth and better forage utilization are achieved. If a feed, e.g. B. Poultry feed that consists of a normal or conventional, nutritionally balanced feed and bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone, fed to an animal, then the growth of this animal is accelerated and / or its feed conversion is improved. "Feed conversion" can be defined as that to achieve a weight gain of 1 kg required amount of feed in kilograms. Improved feed conversion is an extremely important economic factor in the rearing of animals. To put it more simply: the feed according to the invention when fed to animals are converted into animal body weight more effectively than corresponding, not supplemented Mi.tel. Enhancing feed with bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone can expediently be combined with the improvement with antibiotics and other growth-promoting substances. In some cases, this even leads to a greater increase in Growth rate than that obtained when supplementing the feed with these growth stimulators alone is achieved.

Any feed can be prepared to maintain the normal nutritional balance Energy, protein, mineral suppliers and vitamins as well as bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone. The various components include the usual grains, e.g. B. as ground grain, and Grain by-products; animal protein substances such as meat and fish by-products. Vitamin mixtures, z. B. Vitamin A and D mixtures, added riboflavin and other vitamin B complexes, Bone meal, lime and other inorganic compounds as mineral additives.

The relative proportion of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohvdrazone can fluctuate somewhat according to the feed.

to which it is added and the animal consuming the feed. The substance is beneficial combined with edible carriers in such relative proportions that concentrates can be obtained easily with normal nutritionally balanced feed mixes can be blended or used as such as an addition to normal feed.

The feed supplemented according to the invention can be prepared by adding the active supplement in various ways to a normal complete feed is incorporated for the animal in question. The product can be mixed with other feed additives, like vitamins, antibiotics, minerals or other substances of this kind to a supplementary feed mixed, which is delivered to mills or feed producers who incorporate it into the finished feed, that is administered to the animals by the farmer. Mixing in such materials can be in the usual machines, such as those used for the production of dry feed products will. For young animals it can be in liquid or semi-liquid feed or mash in the form of a Suspension of the active material are incorporated.

A variety of excipients can be used in the preparation of concentrates containing the above Supplement included, can be used. Suitable carriers include: soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, Cottonseed oil flour, sunflower seed flour, flaxseed oil flour. Cornmeal, lime, and corncob meal.

The carrier facilitates an even distribution of the active material in the finished feed, with which the concentrate is blended. This is special, important, because only a small amount of the effective material is required.

The bis (5-nitto-2-furfural) carbohydrazone can be given to animals in a variety of feed compositions administered, e.g. B. in normal or conventional, nutritionally balanced animal feed, Mashes, concentrates or premixes. The expression "feed compositions" like him is used here includes the above-mentioned types of feed mixes. Such by bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone Supplementary feed supplements are administered to the animals daily so that they can have an effective growth rate promoting amount of Bäs (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone are supplied, in general this is an amount from about 0.25 to about 15.0 mg / kilogram of body weight. In the case of poultry will a significant acceleration of growth with doses of about 0.25 to 15.0 mg bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone / kg Body weight observed. In the case of pigs and cattle, doses of about 0.5 to about 10.0 mg and about 0.25 to about 5.0 mg bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / kilogram body weight an increase in growth.

The concentrate can, if desired, contain edible waxes with various proteinaceous materials, such as zein, gelatin, microcrystalline wax and the like, although surface areas are coated to ensure the effective Wrap the component in a protective film. Of course, the proportion of The supplement in such a concentrate can be varied widely as the amount of effective

Material in the finished feed by blending an appropriate amount of concentrate with the feed Achieving the desired concentration of supplement can be adjusted. In the preparation of of strong concentrates, d. H. Premixes, which are converted into finished feed or weak concentrates can be blended, the content of the supplement can be between etv ^ a 1 and about 25% based on the weight of the concentrate.

Said concentrates can also be added to animal feed in order to produce a nutritionally balanced, finished feed with about 0.0001 to about 0.55 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone / ton of feed. In the case of ruminants, the finished food should jewei 'proteins, fat, cellulose, carbohydrates, vitamins and ^minerals: in a quantity sufficient for the needs of the eligible animal. Most of these substances are found in naturally occurring feed materials such as alfe hay or flour, ground corn, whole oats, soybean oil meal, corn fodder, ground corn on the cob, wheat bran and dry molasses. Bone meal, lime, iodized salt, and trace minerals are often added to provide the necessary minerals, and urea to provide additional nitrogen.

As those skilled in the art know, the feed can be dependent can vary greatly depending on the purpose, feeding method, animal species, etc. Special feed for various Purposes is in "Feeds and i eeding" by Morrison, The Morrison Publishing Company, Clinton, Iowa, 1959.

In the case of non-ruminating animals, such as poultry and pigs, an appropriate feed can be used about 50 to 80% grain, 3 to 10% animal protein, 5 to 30% vegetable protein, 2 to 4% minerals as well as additional vitamin suppliers.

Only small amounts of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone are required in the animal feed or to give the above additives a substantial growth-accelerating effect. If it is used in the proportions mentioned above, these provide feed or Concentrate the animal a sufficient amount of the active ingredient to make the desired one To achieve acceleration of growth. The amount of supplement actually ingested by the animal of course varies not only depending on its concentration in the feed or concentrate, but also depending on the type of animal and its eating habits. In general however, the content should be adjusted so that the animal receives the amounts of supplement given here receives.

It has been found that the unique feed compositions according to the present invention especially valuable when used for non-ruminating animals such as chickens, turkeys, Pigs, ducks, etc., are. One type of conventional lining material that can be used should be roughly between 50 and 80% grain, between 0 and 10% animal protein, between 5 and 30% Vegetable protein, containing between 2 and 4% minerals and additional sources of vitamins. A feed is used that contains a large amount of these substances and a small amount of bis (5-nitro-2-furfiiral) carbohydrazone contains, then the animals reach the desired weight in a shorter time and with a noticeably better feed conversion than usual.

As already mentioned, this means that the animals reach a given weight when they consume less amounts of feed than d ^; it is possible with feed that does not contain the growth-promoting additive according to the invention. Generally occurs

ίο the improved weight gain and feed conversion when using the feed compositions according to the invention especially in poultry, piglets, runner pigs and fattening pigs, although there are others too Talk to animals about it.

In addition, the new feed supplements according to the invention enable the use of for high-calorie, more protein-rich feed Achievement of a better feed-to-fattening ratio, and the use of feed that was previously available cannot be used effectively.

A nutritionally balanced feed according to the present invention which is 0.1 percent by weight Bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) contains carbohydrazone, causes a growth stimulus in animals, which essential is stronger than that of non-supplemented feed. The preferred proportions for poultry feed is between about 0.001 and about 0.25% bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone.

The following examples illustrate the invention by way of example.

example 1

The effectiveness of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone (manufactured according to German patent 1 257 788) with regard to increasing the growth of chickens is demonstrated in a series of Ve.ai'chs, made with Vantress White Rock chickens. In this test, the 1 day old Chicks divided into four groups (three test and one control group), 25 of each sex, and kept in electrically heated breeders on wire mesh floors. Each group is in a separate Department housed. The three test groups are given a basic feed that has been treated with bis- (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone is supplemented in amounts of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25 percent by weight / ton of feed. The control group does not receive any supplements. The growth and feed conversion are observed up to 8 weeks of life.

The composition of the basic forage is given below. The supplements are added to the feed in the form of a premix., at the expense of yellow corn flour added.

component

Yellow corn flour

Soybean oil meal (50% protein)

Alfalfa flour (17% protein)

Stabilized animal fat

Dicalcium phosphate

Iodized salt

Trace mineral-vitamin premix

lime

All in all ...

of the mixture

56.65
33.75
2.00
3.50
2.00
0.50
0.60
1.00

100.00

Vitamin - 5% of the feed

Vitamin A

Vitamin D ₃

Choline chloride (25%)

Niacin (80%)

Calcium pantothenate (45%)

Riboflavin-4

Vitamin B ₁₂

Unidentified growth factor from Slrepiomyces fermentation

Fine corn flour

% of the. premix

10 -10

35.25 0.55

10 0.39 0.2

30 3.75

Mineral mix - 0.05% of the feed

Manganese.

iodine

Iron ...
Copper..
zinc
Cobalt..

% of the mineral premix

24.0 0.48 8.0 0.8 0.04 0.08

•

35

40

The chicks are observed daily and weighed weekly, and the average gain in g / bird, the growth index and feed conversion are determined. The growth index is defined as

Average increase

with supplemented feed average increase with non supplemented feed

and the feed conversion index as

kg feed / kg gain

with supplemented feed

kg feed / kg gain

if the feed is not supplemented

Each of the remaining groups shows faster growth and better egg utilization than those with Control group not fed with supplementary feed.

Example 2

The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, but a basic forage with a low calcium content is obtained used in place of the basic feed with normal calcium content of Example 1. The basic forage has the following composition:

55

component %
of the mixture Yellow corn flour
Soybean oil meal (50% protein)
Alfalfa flour (17% protein)
Stabilized animal fat
Monosodium phosphate 58.40
33.50
2.00
3.50
1.50
0.50
0.60
100.00 Trace mineral-vitamin premix
All in all ...

6o At the end of the trial period it is found that the with the bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone supplemented feed-fed chicks had essentially the same increase in growth and feed conversion index show how the chicks with the normal calcium allocation of Example 1.

Example 3

Maryland Medium White turkeys are after treated according to the method of the previous examples with a nutritionally balanced feed, which is 0.1 percent by weight bis (5-intro-2-furfuraiicarbohydrazone contains. The basic forage has the following composition:

²⁰ component

Weight percent

Finely ground yellow corn

44% solvated soybean meal ...

Corn gluten flour

Alfalfa flour (17% dehydrated)

Stabilized animal fat

Fish meal

Dried corn distillation solubles

Dried whey (50% delactosed)

Dried brewing yeast

Iodized salt

Calcium carbonate

Calcium phosphate.

Trace minerals premix of the compositions listed below ■ Settlement

DL-methionine

Vitamin A (10,000 units / g)

Vitamin B ₁₂

Vitamin D ₂ (3000 Ι.Ε.Λ »)

Riboflavin

DL calcium pantothenate (45%)

niacin

Choline chloride (25%)

56.48 26.94 2.50 2.00 1.50 4.00

LOO 1.00 1.50 0.40 1.30 1.00

0.10

0.10

0.05

0.02

0.025

0.05

0.001

0.001

0.125

100.0

Composition of the trace mineral premix from the table above:

component % manganese
iodine 12.0
0.2
4.0
0.4
0.08
3.6 iron
copper
cobalt
magnesium

At the end of 2 weeks, the treated turkeys were found to have increased their growth index is about 10% higher than that of the animals in the control group that received the basic diet.

IO

Example 4

The procedure of Example 1 is followed, but with the following amounts of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone: 0.3, 0.4 and 0.55 percent by weight.

In all cases the growth stimulation is consistent with the results of the previous ones Examples.

Example 5

A group of piglets is given a perfectly balanced feed, which turns out to be had proven to be of great value to such animals. To these animals, which appear after about 6 to 8 days of life an introductory formula containing 60.1% skimmed milk powder, 10.1% soybean oil, 9.9% glucose hydrate, 1.1% brewer's yeast, 0.4% oxytetracycline supplement with 10.1 g oxytetracycline / kg, 16% soy flour and a perfect vitamin and contains mineral supplements. The pigs are then on an initial feed made from finely ground yellow corn, oatmeal, soybean oil flour, glucose hydrate, dicalcium phosphate, iodized salt, soybean oil, Oxytetracycline supplement and mineral blend set. The starting food is for part of the Piglets supplemented with 0.1 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / ton Lining. This feed is started with the approximately 3-week-old animals and fed for a total of 4 weeks. The supplemented food causes a greater weight gain and a substantial improvement the feed conversion as the non-supplemented food. Repeating this procedure using of feed supplemented by 0.01 and 0.001 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone also leads to significant weight gain.

Example 6

Through Wax- cut tumbling Number of groups liche index increase (gl 100.0 24 374.4 (Control) 107.4 6th 396.6 100.0 12th 380.3 (Control) 105.2 6th 399.9

Feed evaluation

1.99

1.94 1.90

1.97

Fultcrvcr-

wcrlunys-

index

100.0

102.5 100.0

96.5

The effectiveness of bis (5-n.tro-2-furfural) carbohulrazone on accelerating growth before, chicks will continue to be demonstrated on a test group by Vantress-Wh.te-Rock ^ Kuke ^ In these attempts, the 1 week old Chicks divided into eight groups (six test "" α two control groups), 10 each of a GescWech s and in electrically heated breeders on J> rahtgit soil held. Each group is given a separate abbot assigned. For the six test groups you will: Basic food from Example 1 supplemented by 001 Ge weight percent bis (5-nitro.2-fuifural) <arbohydrazone Tons of feed given. Unsupplemented food is fed to the two control groups. LT growth of the chicks, until »« Le-

The repetition of these experiments using feed that is 0.0001, 0.001 and 0.0005% Until (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone was supplemented, also leads to significant weight gains and improvements in feed conversion.

Example 8

'•? 6 1 day old chicks (168 male and 168 female) of the tribe Cables are divided into 24 groups of 14 chicks each and electrically heated Breeders kept on wire mesh shelves. Male and female chicks are kept separate. Each group is assigned a separate department. A basic diet is fed to 12 groups (six female and six male), the is supplemented by 0.0022% bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone (20 g / ton). The remaining 12 groups serve as control groups and receive the basic diet without supplements. On the 13th day of life all chicks are weighed individually and the two heaviest and the two lightest in each cage eliminated. The remainder of the experiment is carried out with 10 chicks per group until the end of the experiment Carried out for 4 weeks.

The basic food has the composition given below. The addition is at a cost of ground yellow corn added.

component

W SSS? 3Sg ³⁷ (tvaLLindex in the test chicks.

The procedure «'S 1 - ** ■ repeated the results. Jeae from 10 chicks.

Ground yellow corn ..... '

Soybean oil flour (50%)

Meat schnitzel (50%)

Soluble fish products (52%)

Alfalfa flour (17%)

Stabilized animal fat

Dicalcium phosphate (36% Ca, 18% P)

Lime (38% Ca)

Iodized salt

Vitamin B mixture

Choline chloride (25%)

Unidentified growth factor from a Streptomyces fermentation

Trace mineral premix of the composition listed above

of the mixture

52.15 28.10 4.00 2.00 2.00 8.00 2.00 0.25 0.50 0.50 0.30

0.15 0.05

ΤόοΊΓ

209643/24)

The results of this experiment are as follows:

group

Control ....
attempt

average
liche
increase

(G)

Growth index

589.8
612.2

100.0
103.8

Feed

1.56
1.59

l'utter-

ver

rating index

100.0
98.4

When repeating this experiment with pullets and chickens of the Mateor X Vantress tribe the following results were obtained:

group Through
cut
liche
increase
(G) wax
tumultuous
index Lining
recovery Feed
ver
valuation
index Control ....
attempt 538.4
569.4 100.0
105.8 1.66
1.60 100.0
103.7

At the end of 60 days is the average weight of the supplemented feed treated sheep significantly higher than that of the control group.

B e i s ρ i e 1 10

In a further experiment, bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone is used added to the basic diet of young oxen. Herford ox with an average Starting weight of 340 kg are divided into eight groups of 10 pieces, including two control groups, assigned. The remaining six Gi uppen in groups of two with 0.001, 0.05 and 0.55 weight percent bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / ton Feed supplemented basic food administered.

The basic forage is changed in the course of the experiment as indicated below, with the allocation No. 1 in the first and second week, the grant No. 2 in the third and fourth weeks and the grant 3 during the remainder of the test period of 128 days, "i.e. in a time sufficient to achieve the To bring animals to a market weight of about 450 to 540 kg, is administered.

The addition of bis (5-nitro-2-iurfural) carbohydrazone to the feed thus leads to a significant increase in growth and an improved one Feed conversion.

Example 9

Weather sheep are fed a nutritionally balanced animal feed, bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone Contains feed in amounts of 0.0001, 0.01, 0.0025, 0.005 percent by weight. The sheep are divided into groups of 12, and each group will be two groups if the same Treatment juxtaposed. The basic food has the following composition:

component Weight
percent Cut alfalfa hay
Cane molasses
Ground yellow corn
urea 35
10
53
1
1 Bone meal (cube 9 mm)

25th Components Allocation 1
% Allocation 2
% Allocation 3
% Cut 30 Alfalfa hay ... 52.40 4130 32.0 Ground yellow corn ... 30.00 38.00 44.8 Whole oats ... • 8.60 10.90 12.8 _3S Whole Bran .... 4.28 5.44 6.4 Flaxseed oil flour 2.36 2.18 2.0 Soybean oil flour 2.36 2.18 2.0

The following mineral supplement was offered to all animals of their choice: Ground lime 40 percent by weight, steamed bone meal 40 percent by weight, trace mineral salt, 20 percent by weight.

The supplemented feed causes an accelerated weight gain compared to the non-supplemented diet th control feed.

The exploitation of the invention can be carried out through statutory provisions, in particular through the feed Mittelgesetz, be limited.

Claims (1)

Claim: Growth-promoting feed, characterized by a content of around 0.0001 up to about 0.55 weight percent bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone. 10