DE1571647C

DE1571647C - Regenerative composite coke oven with dual heating draft system

Info

Publication number: DE1571647C
Authority: DE
Inventors: Nikolai K Molodzow deceased Iwan G Schawrzman Iosif Y Kopanew Walerij N Meixon Dezeased Lew W Iwnizkava Nina S Charkow Kulakow (Sowjetunion)
Original assignee: Gosudarstwenny wsesojusny insti tut po projektirowamju predpnjatij koxochimitscheskoj promyschlennosti, Charkow (Sowjetunion)
Publication date: 1972-04-06

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Regenerativ-Verbundkoksofen mit Zwillingsheizzugsystem und in Zellen unterteiltem Querregenerator, der unterhalb des Regenerators einen Sohlkanal aufweist, der über regelbare Gitterroste mit den Regeneratorzellen verbunden ist, sowie in den Heizzügen mit Gaskanälen unterschiedlicher Höhe versehen ist, die eine höhengestufte Zufuhr des Heizgasstromes ermöglichen.The invention relates to a regenerative composite coke oven with twin heating draft system and in cells subdivided transverse regenerator, which has a bottom channel below the regenerator, which can be regulated via Grids are connected to the regenerator cells, as well as in the heating flues with gas ducts is provided of different heights, which allow a height-graded supply of the heating gas flow.

Ein derartiger Regenerativ-Verbundofen ist im Prinzip aus der britischen Patentschrift 941 505 bekannt. Die Regelbarkeit der Gitterroste bei diesem bekannten Ofen wird dadurch erreicht, daß auswechselbare. Platten vorgesehen sind, die Öffnungen von gewünschter Größe aufweisen. Je nach den Erfordernissen werden Platten mit entsprechend großen Öffnungen eingesetzt. Das Auswechseln dieser Gitterrostplatten ist bei Berücksichtigung der Größe eine mit verhältnismäßig großem Aufwand durchzuführende Arbeit, wobei vorauszusetzen ist, daß die Austauschplatte auch den Erfordernissen entsprechend gewählt ist. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so muß erneut ausgetauscht werden.Such a regenerative composite furnace is known in principle from British patent specification 941 505. The controllability of the grids in this known oven is achieved by replaceable. Plates are provided which have openings of the desired size. Depending on the requirements, plates with correspondingly large Openings inserted. The replacement of these grating plates is taking into account the size a job to be carried out with relatively great effort, it being assumed that the Exchange plate is also selected according to the requirements. If this is not the case, then it must be exchanged again.

Bei dem bekannten Regenerativ-Verbundofen sind Öffnungen an der Sohle der Zwillingsheizzüge nicht [ vorgesehen, so daß dieser Ofen nicht im Kreisstromprinzip arbeitet. Bei höhengestuft beheizten Heizkanälen ist es aus der deutschen Auslegeschrift 1055 496 bekannt, im Kreisstromprinzip zu arbeiten, wofür an der Sohle zwischen jeweils zwei Zwillingsheizzügen Öffnungen vorgesehen sind, die jedoch nicht in ihrem Querschnitt veränderbar sind. Derartige Regelelemente sind aber gleichfalls Stand der Technik.In the known regenerative furnace composite openings are not [provided on the sole of the Zwillingsheizzüge, so that this furnace is not operating in the circuit-current principle. In the case of heating channels heated at different heights, it is known from German Auslegeschrift 1055 496 to work on the circulating current principle, for which openings are provided on the sole between two twin heating cables, but the cross-section of these openings cannot be changed. Such control elements are also state of the art.

Aus der USA.-Patentschrift 3 211632 ist es im weitesten Sinne bekannt, für die Heizgasverteilung im Heizzug Stromteiler zu verwenden.From U.S. Pat. No. 3,211,632, it is in In the broadest sense known to use flow dividers for the heating gas distribution in the heating train.

Ferner ist ein Ofen mit Koksgaszufuhr von unten und unterseitiger Regelung des. Verbrauchs an Schwachgas und Luft bekannt, der Heizwände und in Zellen aufgeteilte Regeneratoren besitzt. Im Unterbau eines jeden Heizzuges des Ofens sind Stromteiler und Drosseln eingebaut. In den Sohlkanälen der Regeneratoren befinden sich Vorrichtungen zum Verteilen der Luft und des Schwachgases längs des Regenerators, die aus verschiedenartigen Rosten bestehen. Durch die Regeneratorwände sind senkrechte Düsenkanäle geführt, durch die Starkgas in den Unterteil der senkrechten Heizzüge geleitet wird. Das Gitterwerk des Regenerators wird durch senkrechte Trennwände in Zellen unterteilt. Der Oberteil der Regeneratoren ist mit dem Unterteil, der senkrechten Heizzüge durch Schrägzüge verbunden, die durch die Regeneratordeckenwände geführt sind. Bei diesen öfen wird das zum Heizen dienende Starkgas den senkrechten Heizzügen von unten her über senkrechte Düsenkanäle in den Regeneratorwänden und Öffnungen in der oberen Fundamentplatte zugeführt, auf der das feuerfeste Ofenmauerwerk ruht. Luft und Schwachgas werden von der Seite her über Gas-Luft-Kanäle und Sohlkanäle zugeführt. Die Verteilung der Luft- und Schwachgasströme wird jedoch unter der Verkokungsofenbatterie über Öffnungen in der oberen Fundamentplatte geregelt.There is also a furnace with coke gas supply from below and control of the consumption on the underside Lean gas and air known, which has heating walls and regenerators divided into cells. In the substructure flow dividers and chokes are built into each heating flue of the furnace. Distribution devices are located in the bottom channels of the regenerators the air and the lean gas along the regenerator, which consist of various grates. Vertical nozzle channels are led through the regenerator walls, through which the high-strength gas enters the Lower part of the vertical heating flues. The latticework of the regenerator is supported by vertical Partitions divided into cells. The upper part of the regenerators is with the lower part, the vertical one Heating ducts connected by inclined ducts, which are led through the regenerator ceiling walls. at In these ovens, the high-power gas used for heating is fed into the vertical heating flues from below vertical nozzle channels in the regenerator walls and openings in the upper foundation plate, on which the refractory furnace masonry rests. Air and lean gas are coming over from the side Gas-air channels and sole channels supplied. The distribution however, the air and lean gas flows are under the coker battery via openings in of the upper foundation plate.

Die bekannten öfen werden jedoch nicht ausreichend gleichmäßig auf der gesamten Kammerhöhe aufgeheizt, wobei die Verteilung des Schwachgases und der Luft Schwierigkeiten bereitet und gegebenenfalls auch die Dichtigkeit der gesamten Heizanlage der Regeneratorzone ungenügend ist. Alle diese Mängel sind auf die Verteilung der Gas- und Luftströme in der Heizanlage des Ofens zurückzuführen. Die Verteilung ist wegen ungenügend rationeller konstruktiver Lösungen unbefriedigend. So wird beispielsweise die ungenügende Gleichmäßigkeit der Aufheizung durch die geringe Geschwindigkeit des aus dem senkrechten Düsenkanal austretenden Heizgases bedingt. Als Folge hiervon vermindert sich die Menge der zurückgeführten Gase, die über die Rückführöffnung zwischen.den Zwillingsheizzügen angesaugt werden, wodurch die Flammenhöhe geringer wird. Die Verteilung des Schwachgases und der Luft ist deshalb schwierig, weil die unterseitige Regelung mit Hilfe bekannter verstellbarer Gleit- oder Hebevorrichtungen keine genügend genaue Dosierung und gleichmäßige Verteilung der Gase längs der Batterie sicherstellt. However, the known ovens are not sufficiently uniform over the entire height of the chamber heated, the distribution of the lean gas and the air causing difficulties and possibly the tightness of the entire heating system in the regenerator zone is also insufficient. All these Deficiencies are due to the distribution of gas and air flows in the heating system of the furnace. The distribution is unsatisfactory because of insufficiently rational constructive solutions. For example the insufficient uniformity of the heating due to the low speed of the off the hot gas escaping from the vertical nozzle channel. As a result, the amount decreases of the returned gases, which are sucked in via the return opening between the twin heating cables reducing the flame height. The distribution of the lean gas and the air is therefore difficult, because the underside control with the help of known adjustable sliding or lifting devices does not ensure a sufficiently precise metering and even distribution of the gases along the battery.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Beseitigung der aufgeführten Nachteile einen Verkokungsofen mit gleichmäßigerer Beheizung, besserer Umspülung des Regeneratorgitterwerks und genauerer Dosierung von Gas und Luft für die einzelnen Teile der Heizanlage zu schaffen.The invention is based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages listed, a coking furnace with more even heating, better flushing of the regenerator grid and more precise To create metering of gas and air for the individual parts of the heating system.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist der Regenerativ-Verbundkoksofen der eingangs angegebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gitterroste der Regeneratoren peripher angeordnete konstante Öffnungen und eine durch abnehmbare Drosseln veränderbare Zentralöffnung besitzen, daß die Gaskanäle in den Heizzügen aus abnehmbaren senkrechten Trennwänden und Stromteilern gebildet sind und daß jeweils die Zwillingsheizzüge in bekannter Weise an der Sohle durch eine mittels Schieber ganz oder teilweise verschließbare Ansaugöffnung für Abgas miteinander verbunden sind. Die abnehmbaren senkrechten Trennwände auf der Sohle der senkrechten Heizzüge "trennen den Luftstrom vom Gasstrom, wodurch eine Verlängerung der Flamme begünstigt wird. Die Anordnung von Schiebern in der Ansaugöffnung ermöglicht es, den Kreisstromablauf in gewünschtem Maße zu beeinflussen. Die gleichzeitige, Verwendung sowohl von Öffnungen mit unveränderlichem als auch mit regelbarem Querschnitt in den Gitterrosten zwischen Sohlkanal und den Re- , generatbrzellen begünstigt eine gleichmäßigere Umspülung des Gitterwerks und eine genauere Dosierung von Luft und Schwachgas für alle Regeneratorzellen. ,The regenerative composite coke oven is the solution to this problem of the type specified at the outset, according to the invention, characterized in that the gratings of the regenerators are arranged peripherally constant openings and a central opening which can be changed by removable throttles, that the gas ducts in the heating flues are made up of removable vertical partitions and flow dividers are and that each of the twin heaters in known Way on the sole through a suction opening that can be completely or partially closed by means of a slide for exhaust gas are interconnected. The removable vertical partitions on the sole The vertical heating flues "separate the air flow from the gas flow, thereby extending the flame is favored. The arrangement of slides in the suction opening enables the circulating current to flow to influence to the desired extent. The simultaneous, use of both openings with immutable as well as with an adjustable cross-section in the gratings between the base channel and the re, Generatbrzellen favors a more even flushing of the latticework and a more precise dosage of air and lean gas for all regenerator cells. ,

Durch die Erfindung wird es somit möglich, die Ofenkammerhöhe unter Aufrechterhaltung einer gleichmäßigen Beheizung zu vergrößern, die Höhe des Regeneratorgitterwerkes bei gleichem Wärmerückgewinnungsgrad zu vermindern sowie auch den spezifischen Wärmeaufwand beim Verkoken infolge gleichmäßigerer Beheizung und geringerem Durchzugsverlust zu senken.The invention thus makes it possible to adjust the furnace chamber height while maintaining a to increase uniform heating, the height of the regenerator grille with the same degree of heat recovery to reduce as well as the specific heat consumption during coking as a result more even heating and lower torque loss.

Zur Erläuterung der Erfindung wird nachstehend ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindüngsgemäßen Ofens an Hand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigtTo explain the invention, an exemplary embodiment of the inventive is described below Oven described on the basis of the drawings. It shows

F i g. 1 einen Schnitt durch Batterie, Schrägzüge und Heizzüge des Verkokungsofens,F i g. 1 a section through the battery, diagonal cables and heating cables of the coking furnace,

F i g. 2 den Schnitt nach den Linien C-C und D-D der F ig. 1,F i g. 2 the section along the lines CC and DD in FIG. 1,

F i g. 3 den Schnitt nach der Linie A-A der F i g. 2, aus dem Sohlkanal ersichtlich ist,F i g. 3 shows the section along the line AA in FIG. 2, from the sole canal can be seen,

F i g. 4 den Schnitt nach der Linie B-B der F i g. 3,F i g. 4 shows the section along the line BB of FIG. 3,

Claims

I 571 647

3 43 4

F i g. 5 shows the section along the line EE of FIG. 2, ovens via the openings 1 in the substructure of the sole where the floor plan of the substructure of the vertical ducts 2 is carried out and can be seen with the help of replaced heating flues, bar throttles 8, which are in the openings 7

F i g. 6 shows the section along the line FF in FIG. 5, the grids 5 of the heat accumulator are installed.

F i g. 7 shows the section along the line GG in FIG. 5, 5 in order to increase the dosage accuracy and

F i g. 8 shows the section along the line HH in FIG . 5, better rinsing around the regenerator grid

F i g. 9 the furnace, which is only heated with strong gas, which apart from the adjustable openings 7 in every

the one from FIG. 1 corresponds to the apparent furnace. generator cell 10 still openings 6 constant transverse

The present furnace is one of the furnaces intended.

with twin heating cables, return of the ver io The regenerator cells 10 are through vertical

"combustion products (circulating current principle), feed partitions 11 separated from each other for the purpose of

of the strong gas from below and with better sealing on the underside in the walls 4 of the regenerative

Regulation of air and lean gas. gates are used.

The refractory furnace masonry rests on the After passing the latticework of the Reoberen Foundation plate, which lies on supports, which 15 lean gas and air get through the generator on the lower - not shown in the drawing - short 15 and long diagonal pulls 16 in the lower - Stand foundation plate. In the upper part of the vertical heating flues 17. The height, There are openings in the foundation plate that will meet with the lean gas and air the corresponding openings and channels of the aid of the flow divider 19 are regulated. It is about that refractory masonry. 20 Regulating the amount of air and lean gas that is set in

The openings 1 in the substructure of the sole channel 2, the vertical heating channels 17 are routed to earth to regulate the air on the underside and to make it easier to use a control slide in the substructure of these ducts Lean gas. The vertical ones are provided in the walls 4 of FIG. To extend the flame wer-regenerators provided nozzle channels 3 are used to return the combustion products that are in for the supply of strong gas. The sole channels 2 are 25 the burning-on heating channel from the with him through Align gratings 5 with openings 6 unchangeable heating channel over suction opening 23 Cross-section and central openings 7 are sucked off. Covered for regulating repatriation, whose cross-section through removable throttling degrees are throttles 24 with which the his 8 is changeable. Openings 23 completely or partially closed

On the grating 5 rests the latticework 9 of the 30 can.

Regenerators. The regenerator cells 10 are of- The products of combustion that occur in the. Heating gas each other separated by partitions 11, which arise in the combustion, pass through the upper one Walls 4 of the regenerators are used. Intermediate overflow opening 22 in the connected the partitions 11 and the recesses burning heating flue 17 and over the short and the walls 4 of the regenerators are 35 long diagonal lines 15 and 16 in the heating line with this Expansion joints 12, the regenerator cells connected below in the horizontal train 10. After the End channel 13. This channel is on the facade of the combustion products their heat to the re-kiln masonry led out. generator latticework, they will get there

In the top wall 14 of the regenerators are located on the bottom channels 2 in the exhaust flues and the

short 15 and long diagonal pulls 16. They connect 40 chimneys. Every 15 to 30 minutes, the electricity

the room in the heating system located under the ceiling is reversed. To extend

generators with the sole of the vertical heating flues of the flame, partition walls 20 are provided, which to-

17. At the exit of the diagonal trains 15 and 16, together with the flow dividers 19, one shaft each

in the lower part of the vertical heating flues 17, there are streams that form from the relatively far from the sleeve 21

divider 19 and partitions 20, a shaft 45 located diagonal air exiting from the

form shaped gas channel is provided. In the shaft separates gas flow coming from the sleeve 21 or directly

control slide 18 are used. At the entrance of the flows out of the nozzle channel 3. In this way

vertical nozzle channel 3 in the vertical heating, the combustion process is slowed down and the

pull 17 there are sleeves 21. Flame drawn out in length.

The coupled vertical twin heating ducts 50 ovens, which are only to be heated with high-strength gas, 17 are connected at the upper end by the overflow opening differ from those with combined heating 22 and at the bottom by the suction opening 23 only by the structure of their lower part The wide regenerator cells 10 (Fig. 9) are loaned. The opening 23 is divided into two halves, for better flushing of the latticework in two each of which, if necessary, α full 55 halves 10 and 10 b by a vertical separation of or wall, however, led by the slider 24 divides the can be closed via the top of the grille. Werk does not stand out. In these ovens there are two

Each group of four regenerator cells 10 and regenerator cells and two heating flues 17 have a

two vertical heating flues 17 forms in the case of a composite closed heating cell,
coke ovens an independently adjustable heating cell. 60

The oven works as follows. The (by patent claim:
The movement of the gas and air flow when heating with lean gas takes place in the regenerative composite coke oven with twin-bedding as follows. heating system and cross section divided into cells

The air and the lean gas enter the regenerator, the one below the regenerator

generator cells 10 through the bottom channels 2. The association has a bottom channel that can be regulated via

division of the air and lean gas flow on one grating connected to the regenerator cells

individual cells 10 of the regenerator is located below the is, as well as in the heating flues with gas ducts.

different heights is provided, which is a height-graded Enabling the supply of the heating gas flow, characterized in that the gratings (5) of the regenerators are arranged peripherally constant openings (6) and a central opening that can be changed by removable throttles (8) (7) Have the gas ducts in the heating flues (17) from removable vertical Partition walls (20) and flow dividers (19) are formed and that in each case the twin heating cables (17) in a known manner on the sole by means of a slider (24) which can be completely or partially closed Intake opening (23) for exhaust gas are connected to one another.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings