DE1569876A1 - Adhesive composite material - Google Patents

Description

AVERY PRODUCTS CORPORATION, San Marino, State of California CV.St.A.)

Adhesive composite material

The invention relates to an adhesive composite material with a top layer, a pressure sensitive, on top of one Side of the top layer adhesively attached adhesive layer. And a peel-off strip releasably applied to the side of the adhesive layer opposite the cover layer. Such Composite materials are used, for example, as a base material for the production of self-adhesive labels.

With the currently known self-adhesive labels are Many surfaces, especially the surfaces of fabrics, are difficult to provide because the

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Contact area between the adhesive of the label and the glued surface, based on the total area of the label, is relatively small. This applies in particular to fabrics that naturally have a frizzy or rough surface. The known self-adhesive labels have an adhesive which is intentionally essentially dry and in most cases adhere poorly to fabrics because this adhesive cannot moisten the fabric in the required manner when the label is applied. Current labels are designed to be applied to a large number of backing surfaces, albeit always hard and non-absorbent, and therefore consist of an essentially dry adhesive throughout. With such materials, which. On surfaces like those of fabrics, labeling is therefore carried out by means of hot-melt adhesive labels, sewn-on labels, or by printing directly onto the carrier surface. These labeling methods körntet ^:.;. however, they do not satisfy in all cases, namely ¹ · ■} because of their high costs in the case of sewn-on labels, or - especially in the case of very thin items of clothing, because of their detrimental effect on "the appearance of the fabric backing in the case of hot-melt adhesive labels or directly printed labels .

The invention is based on the object of providing a novel, to create self-adhesive composite material that can be used for

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Application to tissue and the like is suitable and with this one - possibly permanent - liability without the impair the external appearance of the fabric.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that: the adhesive layer contains an amount of dispersed adhesive solvent sufficient to moisten the surface sufficient to which the adhesive layer is applied after removing the release liner. Preferably that is enough Amount of solvent in the adhesive layer, the adhesive to keep it in the sticky state, but it is not enough to make the adhesive flowable and to let it emerge from the side of the cover layer.

A label made from this new material has a good shelf life and is inexpensive to manufacture. It can optionally be applied by means of automatic labeling machines. As will be shown below, the adhesive composite material according to the invention has a multitude of other possible uses, and its description using a self-adhesive label suitable for tissue is only for the purpose of illustration, especially since in this embodiment the novelty and advantages of the product according to the invention are most clearly shown.

The cover layer can be made from a suitable sheet material

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exist, which bears the label information. The self-adhesive label formed in this way can be on a fabric backing surface can be applied by removing the release liner from the adhesive and the exposed adhesive layer is pressed against the support surface. The adhesive is because of what is dispersed in it Solvent so pliable that it thoroughly moistened the surface of the absorbent tissue. When the solvent is drawn into the tissue and pulled out of the adhesive, the adhesive solidifies and forms a firm bond with the tissue.

The top layer can be covered with an intermediate layer to make it both impermeable to the solvent as well as its vapors and at the same time firmly adhering to the adhesive. In a corresponding manner, the Peel-off strips should be provided with a separating layer that makes them impermeable to the solvent and its vapors and at the same time makes it easy to remove from the adhesive.

The above and further features of the invention are the subject of the following, more detailed description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Xn the drawings is:

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Pig * 1 a perspective. Sectional ^{view ■ -: a} label produced as a label and applied to a fabric layer ^; ■ 'Adhesive bondable composite material in accordance with the requirements; and

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a Ver ^r ■ - drive stage in the manufacture of • in Fig label shown.!.

The adhesive composite material designated as a whole by 9 in FIG. 1 forms a label 10 there, which is applied to a fabric layer 11. The label ', comprises a cover layer. .12 can be printed on the exposed front side in the desired manner, and which is attached to the fabric by means of a layer 13 of pressure-sensitive adhesive. The adhesive extends. extends over the entire extent of the back of the cover layer, which faces the fabric. An, intermediate, layer 14 of the label 10 provides a firm connection between the adhesive of the adhesive layer 13 and the top layer; 12 ago. In practice, the intermediate layer arranged between the aforementioned layers is part of the cover layer 12, so that the adhesive adheres firmly and permanently to the rear side, the De.Ok.schicht. ".;

At the time of the application of the label on the fabric, 11 a certain amount of adhesive solvents is uniformly dispersed in the adhesive. The amount of solvent in the adhesive is sufficient to make the adhesive sticky ; the amount of solvent is sufficient

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however, do not allow the adhesive to have the same degree of flowability which would allow the adhesive to emerge from the side of the cover layer.

If a label for fabric is produced from the adhesive composite material according to the invention, either the cover layer as such or the double layer consisting of the cover layer and the intermediate layer 14 is impermeable to the solvent in the adhesive layer and its vapors. Instead, or next to it, can the finished label lie between the production and the application of the label to a fabric web-? be kept in a package made of a material impermeable to the solvent and its vapors for the period of time. In this manner, tacky consistency wird'die Klebemittels.für of that period is beibehaltend ■ If the label then applied onto the fabric layer 11 ^vy ', the adhesive wets the adjacent surface of the tissue, as shown in FIG. 1 If the solvent later escapes from the adhesive through the fabric or - in the case of a cover layer permeable to the solvent and its vapors - through the cover layer of the label, a solid bond is formed between the adhesive and the fabric. The strength of this Biridühg ¹ was "rni't" not bar the well-known pressure-sensitive self-adhesive labels. "■■" ■■ "■ -V- ■ '■■■ - - ■■■"'^■■:;"■■ · ■" - ■ · λ .---- λ £? = · ■; ■■ ^

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Figure 2 illustrates a stage during manufacture of a label 10. The label production is carried out on the. The following process example is described at this point, so that the novel properties of the label become clear yourself.

Forms a continuous web of backing material the release strip 15 on which the label is built. The release liner has a top side, which is preferably both impervious to the adhesive solvent and its vapors are also easily removable from the adhesive. If the material that makes up the release liner exists, does not have both properties, first one is applied to the top of the release liner Layer 16 is applied from a material which gives the web one or the other property or both confers. In practice, this layer is when you have it provides part of the peel tab. Once the shift 16 is dried on the actual release liner, a film of adhesive 13 is poured onto the surface of the release liner across its entire width. The glue that in completely dry. Sticky condition or not can be, is compatible with at least one Solvent mixed to make the adhesive flowable prior to application to the release liner. After this. When the adhesive is applied, it is partially ^ dried, that some of the will disperse in the adhesive

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Solvent is evaporated. Complete drying of the adhesive is carefully avoided; the evaporation of the solvent is discontinued when the adhesive reaches substantially that level of tack that one has for the time of application of the Desires labels on a specific support surface. It will therefore, a certain amount of solvent is retained in the dispersed state in the adhesive layer. This withheld The amount of solvent is too little to cause excessive run-off or leakage of the adhesive if the finished label is stored in a rolled up form. The amount of solvent retained Furthermore, the formation of threads during the punching out and pulling-off described below is not sufficient to favor the punching surplus.

After the adhesive has been partially dried by driving off the solvent that the adhesive has the Containing proper amount of dispersed solvent, a layer of facing material 12 is placed on top of the exposed Surface of the adhesive applied. The top layer is made as a strip of material one of the width the corresponding width of the peel-off strip. Their back surface (i.e. their lower surface) can consist of 4s Pretreated with an intermediate layer 14 for reasons mentioned above when applied to the adhesive. ·

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However, the over-the-top procedural sequence can, how immediately obvious, can also be reversed »Es can apply the adhesive film to the back of the top layer and then - after precisely controlled partial drying of the adhesive up to the desired degree of adhesion Release tabs are applied to the exposed surface of the adhesive film, with the release tab has or does not have a release liner as desired.

After the top layer, the solvent-containing adhesive and the back release liner together laminated, the finished strip can if necessary wound up in roll form until it is printed and is punched · The strip can, however, also be punched directly Printing press are fed in the specific areas the information printed on the top of the top layer that should appear on the finished labels. The printed laminate is then put into a die cutting machine promoted, in which the top layer and the adhesive layer, but not the release liner 15 or the release liner 16 in FIG. desired shape for the finished labels (see. Fig. 2) are punched out. During the punching process a die strip 18 is formed from the cover layer and Adhesive that is peeled off as waste from the release liner? is pulled, as Figure 2 shows. As a result, a plurality of individual labels 10 are arranged at a distance from one another on the peel strip. In this form ·

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The labels can be wrapped so that they can be used later individually peeled from the release liner at any desired time and placed on a suitable surface, such as, for example the fabric layer 11 can be applied.

The cover layer can consist of any desired material, for example paper, fabric (woven or non-woven), a plastic film, a metal foil or a laminate of these materials. As noted above, the cover sheet may, as such, be permeable to the solvent or its vapors dispersed in the adhesive 13, or it may fail to adhere firmly to the adhesive, or it may ultimately have both of these properties. In such a case, an intermediate layer of suitable varnish ο. Like. Which is inert to the adhesive and the solvent, applied to the back of the cover layer in order to make it impermeable to the solvent if the finished label is to be packaged in a container which is impermeable to the solvent and its vapors and if the label sticks to the adhesive easily. If necessary, especially if the cover layer material is porous, the cover layer can be thoroughly impregnated with the intermediate layer. In such a case, the impregnating intermediate coating can be used to make the top of the cover layer more receptive to printing.

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Also, the release liner can be made of any desired material, for example paper, tissue _f ilm a plastic or consist of a laminate of these or other materials. If the pull-off strip is not impermeable to the solvent and its vapors, or if it is not easily detachable from the adhesive, a layer of suitable varnish or the like, which is inert to the adhesive and the solvent, is applied at least on top of the The release liner is applied to impart one or both of these properties. If, however, the finished label is to be packaged in a container, which is impermeable to the solvent and its vapors, the pull-off strip itself does not need to be impermeable.

A mixture of solvents for the adhesive is preferably used in the manufacture of a label 10. In order to produce the liquid or semi-liquid solvent-adhesive mixture which is poured onto the peelable strip, the adhesive is mixed with a highly volatile and a non-volatile solvent with *? tel mixed. The more volatile solvent is driven off the adhesive after it is applied to the release liner but before the cover sheet is placed on top of the adhesive sheet. The less volatile solvent remains in the adhesive until the label is applied to the object to be labeled, then this residual solvent evaporates, so that the adhesive

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firmly connects to the object. The less volatile solvent that can be selected is which enters into a chemical reaction with the material to be labeled or attacks it, so that a extraordinarily strong bond is produced, as is the case, for example, with a permanent synthetic fabric to be applied label may be the case. Regardless of their other specific properties, the solvents used must be compatible with one another and with the adhesive. A solvent is acceptable with the glue. ^ if it doesn't react with this or settles from it or otherwise interferes with the state of dispersion of the solvent in the adhesive.

• The adhesive used in Label 10 can, but need not be, a tacky, pressure sensitive adhesive .. If it is not, the residual solvent dispersed in the adhesive will make it pressure sensitive in the label made. The adhesive can basically be an elastomer such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, Neoprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, a polyester or polyether urethane elastomer, Butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymers or vulcanizable ethylene-propylene te # rpolymers, stereo-arranged isoprene or butadiene rubbers or combinations of these elastomeric materials with each other or with other rubbers.

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The adhesive can further comprise any one or more of the the aforementioned elastomeric materials in combination with compatible adhesive resins, plasticizers, Fillers, vulcanizing aids, accelerators or antioxidants; the type of additives that come with a particular elastomeric material or combinations of such are to be used belong to the state of the Technology and do not form part of the invention. For example, with a polyester resin such as that from the company Mobay Chemical Co. sold "Multranil 176" as a highly volatile solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or Ethyl acetate can be used while proving to be low Volatile solvent, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, butyl carbitol (diethylene glycol N-butyl ether) or diethylene glycol ether recommend. Instead, the adhesive can also be an acrylic polymer or acrylic copolymer Vinyl ether polymer or another natural or synthetic polymer or copolymer. Suitable solvents of varying volatility are for each of the aforementioned materials is known and is therefore not listed in detail here.

In the case of a label made in accordance with the above 10, a glassine paper release tab sheet with a continuous coating was made treated silicone material coated; the silicone coating supports the properties of the glassine paper,

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act as a barrier to solvent vapors. An acrylates ter co polymer, namely that from Röhm & Haas material sold under "Acryloid K-7OO3" was published in a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone, toluene and methyl alcohol loosened and then brushed onto the pretreated peel-off strip. On this the glue became partially dried. With this special adhesive composition however, the solvent content of the partially dried adhesive can be from 20 to 80% a solvent content of 20 to 50% is preferred. This was followed by a top layer, which in turn consisted of a laminate of smoothed cotton and a polyester film, on the partially dried Glued on with glue. After the labels were punched out of the composite material, the individual labels were made glued to cotton and other fabrics, whereupon the remaining solvent dispersed in the adhesive evaporates could. In each case there were excellent bonds between the label facings and the fabrics. However, the same polymer was brought in after any residual solvent had completely dried out on the fabrics, the adhesion values were very poor with the fabrics tested.

Another suitable label according to the invention can be used according to the method described above made of an adhesive-solvent mixture

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which is derived from "Shell Chemical Co. S-1011" Butadiene-styrene rubber, dissolved in hexane as a highly volatile solvent and "Stoddard" solvent as a low volatile solvent.

The amount of solvent retained in each case in the adhesive layer can vary depending on the type of Change the adhesive and the type of solvent on a case-by-case basis. Pressure sensitive other than those described above Adhesive preparations can be activated by as little as 10% retained solvent. Accordingly, the composite of the invention contains from 10 to 80% retained solvent in the Adhesive layer of the product.

The foregoing, illustrating the invention exemplary description is of a fabric label as one embodiment the invention. It was pointed out that the cover layer and the peel strip of the label are preferred are impermeable to the adhesive solvent and its vapors. This preference is related on the type of packaging intended for the finished label. Unless the adhesive solvent and its Vapors in the adhesive layer of the product by means of impermeable Top and back layers are tightly enclosed, the packaging for the product can be cheap and

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does not need to be airtight. In some of the cases outlined below, however, it may be desirable that the top layer is permeable to the solvent and its vapors; in such cases, the composite material is converted into a tight-fitting, sealed packaging embedded in such a material that is impermeable to the solvent and its fumes is. The quantities of leaking from the adhesive layer of the product into the packaging Solvent vapors are so insignificant that they are neglected can be.

If the top layer of the product 9 is impermeable to the solvent and its vapors, the product can be used successfully on rough, porous surfaces and the like, the solvent being able to evaporate from the adhesive layer through the carrier material . Such a product can also be used successfully on rough, non-porous surfaces, such as those formed, for example, by shrink coatings (hammer blow) and rough metal casting; in such cases, the solvent can escape from the adhesive layer laterally through the capillary- like cavities and incisions. Finally, such a product can be used on porous surfaces smooth the who, such as on HoIs- and paper areas where the Löaungsmitteldämpfe be either absorbed into the carrier material or penetrate through this

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can. In addition, adhesive products with a top layer impermeable to the solvent can be applied to smooth, non-porous support surfaces can be used if the The carrier material is compatible with the solvent remaining in the adhesive layer; for example if the remaining solvent is also the carrier material, be it plastic, rubber or the like, and the solvent attacks the carrier material in this penetrates and the product enters into a bond with the carrier material.

In case you have the adhesive product on a smooth, opposite apply the solvent-resistant carrier surface If you want, you have to make the top layer of the composite material permeable to the solvent and its vapors, so that the solvent can evaporate from the adhesive layer through the top layer after the product is on the Carrier surface has been applied »

It has also been pointed out already above in the description of the label 10 thereon that the covering layer either received or inherently adhesion with the adhesive 13 that have this property is imparted by an intermediate ¹ -zug 14 * - ^ In the present invention is also a composite material in which the top layer is from the I.

The adhesive layer of the finished product can be peeled off, but * to a lesser extent than the backsheet or the peel-off strips 15. In other words: Under the invention

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An adhesive product with a top layer, a back layer and a pressure-sensitive medium is also used retained solvent activated adhesive layer arranged between the aforementioned layers of the top and back layers are peelable, but the back layer (peel-off strip) is lighter than the top layer is removable. Such an adhesive product can be used to produce a self-adhesive coating used on an object that is to be applied to another object. if For example, if you want to attach a piece of wood to a metal surface or vice versa, the more easily removable one The backing layer is peeled off the composite material and applied to the desired surface of the piece of wood, which should have a porous surface. As soon as the glue is in contact with the wood, it starts in the glue layer retained solvent to be absorbed by the wood, so that the adhesion of the adhesive layer to the Wood greater than the adhesion of the adhesive layer to Top layer is. Before the solvent is completely pulled out of the glue layer by the wood and absorbed is, the top layer is peeled from the adhesive layer and the piece of wood is applied to the metal. The continued absorption of the solvent from the The adhesive layer in the wood provides the desired adhesion of the wood to the metal via the adhesive layer forth · It can be seen that such a product

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can be used to other spatial or two-dimensional Gluing objects to desired support surfaces; it is only necessary that either the surface of the object to be glued or the support surface absorbs the solvent from the adhesive or the solvent vapors leakage from the side permitted from the adhesive layer.

The preceding description should only refer to
describe an example of how it is presently believed that the invention can be best practiced. To the
those skilled in the art will understand that others
than the materials specifically mentioned for the

Composite material according to the invention and the products made therefrom can be used, and that
the invention is neither limited to this nor to the procedure described in detail for the production of the novel product

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Claims (9)

1 56S876 Expectations Adhesive composite material with a top layer, a pressure sensitive, on one side of the top layer adhesively attached adhesive layer and one on the side of the adhesive layer opposite the cover layer releasably applied peel-off strips, characterized in that the adhesive layer (13) dispersed such an amount Contains adhesive solvent that is responsible for moistening the surface is sufficient to which the adhesive layer is applied after removing the peel-off strip (15, 16) will. » 2. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent quantity infcter adhesive layer (! ^ Is sufficient, the adhesive in the tacky state is not sufficient, the adhesive flows out from the side of the cover layer (12) mx 3 "composite ö & öh Aäipruch 1 or 2 indicates that L ^ ^ lor datß sroittel volatile as is. 4. Composite material according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adhesive contains 10 to 80 percent by weight of solvent. 5. Composite material according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adhesive contains 20 to 50 percent by weight of solvent. 6. Composite material according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the adhesive layer (13) firmly adheres to the cover layer (12). 7. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adhesive layer i (13) detachably adheres to the cover layer (12), but has a greater adhesion to the cover layer (12) than to the pull-off strip (15) or 15, 16). | 8. Composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the! the side of the release strip facing the adhesive layer (12) (15) is essentially impermeable to the solvent and its vapors. 9. composite material according to one of the preceding, Claims, characterized in that at least the side of the cover layer (12) facing the adhesive layer (13) is impermeable to the solvent and its vapors. 9 0 9 8 2 A / 1 2 0 | .. _ _{5 ,, BAD oraG} j _NAL Blank page