DE1514314A1 - Circuit arrangement for X-ray tubes - Google Patents

Description

The flow concerns the aeolian ordinance

Inäbteondtr · "ine SohaXtungMuioydnung" uap Zu f tiftvung tiner im Wtatntliohtn rtinen Oltiohetrom-Speieeaipn · nung to a cantilever tube and "ur Staisiliaieamng of the tension and the flow" for the X-ray vuftrht wait for pink

For ftpiieluns an «axial efficiency and el * ner raiJdiaalaii! Riveting in Köntg «n» pp »y» t9n is supposed to be the BtJntgenrehri tnapped; · High tension a laögliohat pure tensionune «a« farner is supposed to be the applied tension and be kept worth on a Torgtwäiiltiii * and swar un * dependent τοπ? * rande * UBgen i «r iataapannusg and other Τ #? ν»

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changes in the system.

Attempts were made to stabilize the primary voltage. In the known systems, the primary voltage was stabilized with the aid of a stabilizer and a control element for the stabilizer the supply voltage for the X-ray tube is generated. In this / out for voltage estabilisierung be changes detected the Priolrspannung and JTimlrspannung is maintained at a predetermined level · Xn these systems, changes the voltage applied to the X-ray tube power supply voltage will nor be considered if they are accompanied by a corresponding change dor Primärspanniing · is furthermore a lot of the known system "very complicated and they require a large number of sound components and frequent maintenance"

In Rüntgenappaffaten it is further desirable Dafi applied to the IBntgenrOhre voltage is free from V / elligksit. Up to now, an oil filter or sieve device has generally been used to eliminate the isolation of the rectified voltage which is applied to the fiuntge stirrer. Usually, the olelohstroin output complex of the circuit comprising the high-voltage transformer and the rectifier is connected in parallel with the capacitor, which smooths the pulsating direct voltage due to its filtering effect.Babel, although the pulsating direct voltage is smoothed, but there is still a supply voltage applied to the BDatgenrOhve at normal consumption Considerable brightness from tip au

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Tip present.

In the commercially available full-wave rectifiers with capacitive filters, for example, with a gap of 50 M ₉ that is applied to the X-ray tube, the residual ripple is about 5% of the Kondeunatorü dia Kestwelligkeit often bia mi 8 kV

Another problem with the known systems is that in Syatomen with Iialbweg ^ ^ löioli ericliteter voltage »in. SWEi where X-ray tubes simultaneously from the Selcundäxwioteiuntsen a ikiohspannungstraiiaformatora fed vverden it biaher not raöglick was the usual capacitive i'ilter sum smoothing ά * τ pulaierendon half-wave rectified DC voltages is used, because such capacitive filters generate large current surges and lead to unstable states in the circuit, so that the atm RÖiitganröliren produced half-wave rectified voltages cannot be controlled sufficiently «

In the? According to the invention, there is a need for tubes the supply voltage applied to the X-ray tube and the current intensity in the circuit of the X-ray tube stabilized »that the actual tension on the fiSntgenröhro is determined will and then the tension and. the current in the circuit of the X-ray tube on the secondary table of the high-voltage ionaatora ao can be set that a preselected X-ray tube voltage and current strength are maintained. The current strength in the X-ray tube is determined by an Ee ^ elkrele stabilized the current in the filament of the X-ray

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tube as a function of changes in the amperage in the Set the circuit of the X-ray tube. The supply voltage of the X-ray tube is stabilized by adding V021 dor the rectified voltage that is applied to the X-ray tube »a voltage is subtracted. The subtracted voltage is adjustable and is increased or decreased from a nominal value, thereby increasing or decreasing the amount of power to the x-ray tube Compensate the applied DC voltage. The tension subtraction causes the voltage applied to the x-ray tube to be held at a preselected level. In the invention Arrangement, the voltage stabilization is therefore carried out A large part of the secondary side is the Ilocha voltage transformer.

The setting of the high voltage through voltage subtraction takes place within certain limits, which are above and below a fat ζ voltage. An adjustment the applied high voltage by an amount greater than the range of adjustment made by voltage subtraction can be achieved by changing the voltage applied to the primary side of the high-voltage transformer A voltage correction control loop is provided to determine when the subtracted voltage reaches the limits of its Exceeds the setting range upwards or downwards. This Circuit then regulates the voltage on the primary side of the high voltage transformer, until the secondary voltage is within the adjustment range of the subtracted voltage.

In the arrangement according to the invention, the effect in the supply voltage is also determined by a corresponding setting

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the subtracted voltage is eliminated. A high-voltage capacitor is provided, which smooths the pulsating rectified voltage. Serner is a feedback circuit provided that the ripple in the equated and sieved tension is detected and causes the subtracted voltage changes in the opposite direction to this ripple, so that the supply voltage applied to the X-ray tube is essentially free of ripple,

The aim of the invention is thus to create a new one and improved arrangement with which the ripple in a rectified AC voltage can be essentially eliminated.

Another purpose of the invention is to create a new and improved circuit arrangement for a X-ray tube, in this arrangement the ripple in a High voltage supplied by a circuit comprising a high voltage transformer and a rectifier to a X-ray tube is released, is essentially eliminated " The invention also aims to provide a new and improved arrangement for applying and maintaining a preselected high voltage to an x-ray tube the applied high voltage to the preselected value.

The invention also aims to provide a new and improved circuit arrangement in the voltage applied to the X-ray tube subtracts a voltage and is regulated in such a way that it effectively pulsates in the opposite direction to the ripple present in the applied voltage, so that their waviness is essentially eliminated

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It is a further purpose of the invention to provide a new and improved circuit arrangement in which A voltage is subtracted from a voltage applied to an X-ray tube and regulated so that it is effectively counterbalanced to an existing in the rectified supply voltage Ripple pulsates and this ripple is thereby substantially eliminated, wherein the subtracted voltage is further regulated bo becomes »that changes in the sweep of the applied high voltage are compensated and the voltage applied to an X-ray tube is kept constant.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a new and improved circuit arrangement for creating a half-wave rectified voltage to each of several X-ray tubes, the applied half-wave rectified Voltage is sieved to reduce the amount of waviness and the waviness is subtracted to make the waviness essentially and to apply an essentially pure DC voltage to each of the X-ray tubes

The invention also aims to provide a circuit arrangement for applying a half-wave rectified Voltage to each of several X-ray tubes, the one being applied Half-wave rectified voltages are essentially pure equal voltages and the DC voltages are controlled in this way that they are kept at selected levels.

Evidence of other purposes and a more complete understanding of the invention will be made from the description below and allows the claims and drawings.

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In these shows

Mg »1 a circuit diagram of the arrangement according to the invention zvasL application of a completely smoothly rectified supply voltage to an X-ray tube and

5 ¹ Ig. 2 shows a circuit diagram with the details of a circuit for controlling the coil of a test tube and an impedance tube fuse circuit in the circuit arrangement according to the invention for an X-ray tube.

Fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the details of a high spam stabilizer of the inventive 3chaitungsan « Order and

4 shows the details of a circuit diagram Control circuit in the circuit arrangement according to the invention is used and is used for high voltage correction,

fig, 5 shows the details in a circuit diagram a milliampere stabilizer and a »milllampere safety circuit, which are used in the circuit arrangement according to the invention «

£ ig. 6 shows the details in a circuit diagram one used in the circuit arrangement according to the invention Correction circle for the X-ray tube anetrom.

Pig 7 shows a circuit diagram according to the invention Circuit arrangement for the simultaneous creation of halowegglelchgericliteten Supply voltages to several X-ray tubes and

8 shows, in a simplified circuit diagram, part of the circuit standard according to the invention for X-ray tubes, including part of the current correction circuit.

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In the following description certain ones are often used Voltage value specified »about the mode of action of the various To explain circles shown in the drawings. These tensions and other values are only exemplary given to the description of the subject of the invention simplify.

In FIG. 1, a circuit arrangement 20 according to the invention for a single X-ray tube has two mains voltage conductors 21, 22 'which are connected to an alternating current source 7 from 220 7 to . This current source Y is connected by the conductors 21, 22 to two manually adjustable input voltage taps 23 * 24 of a voltage regulator 25. In the conductors 21, 22 two working contacts 26 _# 27 are provided, which are actuated by a coil 28 of a contactor 29 * This coil 28 can be operated by a control conductor 30 and a normally manually operated switch 31 between the conductors 21, 22 on the Zttführungeseite of the contacts 26, 27 are switched on «

The adjustable voltage regulator 25 has a coil 34 ″ with which the Ktagangsanzapfungen 23, 24 and an adjustable Tap 35 for the output voltage are in contact · The Tapping 35 ie * with a wave (through the striohlierte line indicated) and is driven by it «This wave is powered by an armature 37 of a controllable alternating current motor 38 powered · Sin suitable voltage regulator is a continuously adjustable autotransformer, the sold under the trademark "Variao *".

At the adjustable tap 35 or at one end the coil 34 two conductors 39 »40 are connected, one

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Form variable Wechselatjpomquelle for a high voltage transformer 42. The voltage on the conductors 39 _f 40 varies from a Maxi space of 220V - this is obtained, when the adjustable tap 35 ig · 1 a & upper end of the coil 34 is in i - and substantially a SuIlspannung - this will hold ar- ■ when the adjustable tap 35 from the servo motor to the. lower end of the spool 34 has been driven.

The high voltage transformer 42 is used to step up the supply voltage V from 220Y into a high voltage which is suitable for feeding an X-ray tube 43. Mx high-voltage transformer 42 has a Primäxspanmmg 44 and Awei secondary windings 45 '46 · öia primary winding 44 is connected to the conductors 39 "40 and is fed by illustrates varying voltage which appears between the conductors 39 $ 40, Adjacent terminals 47' 48 represents Sekimdürwicklungen 45 »46 are connected to an earth point 49 via a conductor 50, so that the secondary arrangement of the sensor has an earthed central tap.

A branch 51 of the secondary winding 45 is connected to a high-voltage conductor 52 via a rectifier 53. The anode of the rectifier 53 is connected to the conductor 52 and the rectifier is connected to the lamp 51. A terminal 54 of the secondary winding 46 is also connected to the high voltage conductor 52 via a conductor and a rectifier 56. Bie anode of the Sleiciirichiiers 56 is connected to the conductor 52 · The rectifiers 53, 56, the £ tit 'r 52 and the secondary windings 45' 46 are arranged to "dad dl · n to the Sekimdärwickluns © 45" 46 © rsöheiaiende i

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is fully rectified and the potential of the L # itera 52 is negative compared to the mass point 49 The Iranaformation- or turns ratio of the high voltage transformer 42 in such a way that when 220 Y is applied to the primary winding, the Voltage on conductor 52 is about 65 KV.

Sin conductor 59 connects a high-voltage capacitor 58 _t, which is connected to the high-voltage conductor 52, with the grounded terminals 47 »48 of the transformer the aieiohriohter exists. This lowering of the holiness portion takes place through the sieving effect of the condenser in common welae.

The cathode of the X-ray tube 43 is connected to the high voltage conductor 52 via a conductor 70. The anode of the tube is grounded via a conductor 71. The SelcundMrwioklung a Heiafadentransformatora 72 is located in a circuit with the cathode or the filament of the Röntgeiirühxo 43 and vomit a9n Heisfaden _t when duroh the primary winding of the transformer 72, a current flows "In the llochspamiungsleiter 52 awisclien the Vöilweggleiehriohteranordnixng consisting of Ae n rectifiers 53, 56 there , and a current limiting resistor 74 is connected to the X-ray tube 43, which protects the X-ray tube from excessive current surges.

Between the contacts 25, 27 and the coil 34 of the Voltage regulator 25 is between the set voltage conductors 21, 22 di · friaÄrwickluns 76 of a step-down transformer 75 ainge ~ ■ received. Sine secondary winding 77 dta fransfoma tors 75 represents

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an © auxiliary sspauonungaquelle for the filament transformer 72 and other parts of the Sehaltiingsanordnune »that? · The primary winding des HeiafadentransforraatorB 72 1st through conductors 78, 79 of the Secondary winding 77 dee auxiliary spamiun & stransform & tors 75 in parallel switched and switched to none with ■ a cone resistor 80. This only serves to fine-tune the current that flows in the primary winding of the helical filament transformer 72 and thus the Heizf adenstroisB for the X-ray tube 43 «

The conductor 73 also applies a supply voltage to the leading and lowering windings S3, 84 of the servo motor 33. A phase splitter capacitor 86 is inserted between the other ends of the windings 83 * 34. Conductor 38, a work contact 89 of a voltage booster relay 90 ₁ a conductor 91 a break contact 93 of a voltage breaker relay 92 and the conductor 73 on the other side of the circuit 34 can also be connected to the secondary winding 77 before _it and 25 was normally via a conductor 94 closed cam-actuated so-holder 95 fttr the lower excitation voltage, a conductor 9 & a working contact 100 <each voltage & recovery relay 92 and the conductor 78.

In the event of a current flowing through the coil 97 of the voltage • RhUhungsrelais 90, the contact 89 is closed and then the lead winding 83 switched on. The flow of electricity in the Winding 83 causes the armature 37 to advance so that the

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adjustable tap 35 moved along the coil 34 in one sense is, in which the voltage on the primary winding 44 of the Hoclisspannungetranaforraatora 42 is increased. With a current flow by, a coil 98 of the voltage reduction relay 92 becomes the normally open switch 100 is closed, qo that the conductor 78 is connected to the conductor 96 and current through the Rücklaufwioklung 34 flows. This current flow in the Rücklaufwioklung 84 causes a return, eo that the adjustable tap 35 moves along the coil 34 in the sense of a voltage reduction and the voltage applied to the primary winding 44 is reduced · The switch 95 for the lower limit voltage is cam actuated by the shaft 36 (this is indicated by the dash dotted line 99 indicated) when the tap 35 is in the height of its zero voltage division "and by this actuation opened »to switch off the motor winding 64 and to prevent the adjustable tap 35 from overshooting.

An X-ray protection 102 has a work coil 103 and two sets of work contacts 104 to 105, which are closed when a corresponding current flow through the coil. The working contact 104 is connected in the conductor 22 between the auxiliary voltage transformer 75 and the voltage regulator 23. The working contact 105 is switched on in the conductor 78 between the auxiliary voltage transformer 77 and the filament transformer. The coil 103 is "voltage source · connected at one end with a tension of -30 V, Mm other end of the coil 1Q3 can be connected via a conductor 112 to a" Irdpunkt 107 indeed "tmd by a Steutrkr # IE 108 for the Reel" des Beatranlungesöhtttsae. The Krtie 138 is made by a holder

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109 and an ' off switch 110 controlled. The closing of the switch 109 causes the control circuit 108 to connect the other end of the coil 103 to the earth point 107, so that the supply circuit for the coil 103 is closed. Closing the circuit breaker 110 causes the control circuit 100 to disconnect the coil from the earth point 107.

A suitable time control circuit 111 is provided which causes the control circuit 108 for the contact coil 103 to separate it from the earth point 107 at the end of a selected irradiation period. When the coil sschützes 103 äou irradiation separated from the Brdpunkt 107, the current flow to listen in * ÜR coil 103, so that the contacts 104 opened 105 and the supply circuits of the X-ray tube "Steuerkreia 108 are de-energized FTTR the coil B eatrahlungaaohUtaes

yig. 2 shows the details of the control circle 108 for the coil of the radiation contactor. The tax exempt 108 has pnp-iransigtoyea Q1, Q2, which are in a bistable Muli! · vibratorsohaltung are arranged, the wötelich. as flip * Slop attitude is called · When the represented oleioli current sources are attached is connected to transistor Q2 a saturation office presupply, so that the

the toansiators effQlstivleitet "j" did on the translator Q1 a® blocking voltage that its aftitter collector circuit is effectively non-conductive "irarch 3ciiIleS * ii dee 3iiisQhaltora. 109 WIRS to the base dt "Translators Q1 a nagatir * Aualö39spannung created, m to dl" s3tm frangistor jetst a BurchlaiiTorspannim-i litgt f5? Juieia * Qir ouch #inaa Sptsrrsuetand in a

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is controlled.

As it is common in 91ip *? Lop "postures, the Collector current in the transistor Qt increases, so that the collector voltage decreases. The decrease in the collector voltage is increased The base of transistor Q2 is transferred so that the forward bias voltage drops. The capacitor current of transistor Q2 increases from and its collector voltage becomes stronger negative, so that the Uurchlaävorspannung dee Transietore Qi and its conductivity is increased · The positive feedback increases, even more 'transistor Qi is saturated and Traneietor Q2 is blocked. if the (transistor Qt is fully conductive »connects or the loiter effectively with the Hrdpunkt 107 and the coil 103 is included so that it oolilieflt the contacts 104, 105 and the various Kfrtisea des? Soldering arrangement for the X-ray tube electricity is fed.

Rotating the switch 110 is switched to the Busis of a pnp traiiiiiatora Q3 a negative voltage is applied, eo that there is a Ourehla bias voltage on this transistor Q3 and the TTÄassiBtor Q3 leads, over the leading Esitter-Kollek * tor-Xreis dea Traniistoj? «Q3 will be at the old base of the transistor»

• *

floe negative * Auslggespsimmiftg SJOgel "gt _f so d * S the Trmneistor leik" ^ and Si "ÖurcM * lror" j5Juma £ 3 of the translator QI confirmed "D * duroli is" ia "peeitive lüektopoppel produced" the suniatiit, up to 4 "R Svsssletor QS saturated and the transistor Qt separated i" t · 2ar epelsutrei "for dl * coil 103 is effectively interrupted and <£ i" coil is de-energized, so ü && the contact «104» 10 $ g «öffa # * w "R" tm waä dl * circles of attitude "- for Ü" 3aSöi "eiartiire etysaa""are * JUah one

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If the exposure time is selected, the negative triggering voltage is also applied to the base of the transistor Q3 via suitable circuit elements, not shown, of the timing circuit 111, whereby the X-ray exposure is ended. As will be explained below, are negative trip voltages across a conductor 11t? from. various Siclierun ^ ekreiseii 116-118 the Schaltuufseauordnuug for the X-ray tube.an - the base of the transistor q'j unplaced to also switch off the circuit arrangement for the X-ray tube-a. Finally, by closing a normally open voltage limiter SBO holder 101, a negative external pulse is applied to the base of transistor y3. The voltage-limiting sensor 101 is cam-controlled by the shaft 36 (this is indicated by the dashed line), when the adjustable tap approaches the end of the winding 34,
Lireis with a height of variable impedance

aeBÄß Pig * 1, a high-performance control tube 125 is provided, which has an anode 126, a cathode 127 and a control electrode 128. The tubular tube 125 works with a high anode power loss, it is preferably a tetrode, the control and shield grids of which are connected to one another and the control electrode 128 forms the control tube 125 is contained in the j »40 and the Äatliode with the Erdpuiakt 49 verbuiidaa. The equal tube 125 is effectively a variable impedance in the outer conductor 52 and has a voltage drop which is opposite to the voltage on the secondary windings 45 46

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has the opposite polarity to that of the rectified high voltage »which is emitted by the secondary windings 45» 46 and the rectifiers 53 »5 &. The control tube 125 therefore effectively causes a subtraction of a part of the high-voltage output of the ürensfonaator 42. If, for example, a supply voltage of 65 W appears at the 5 kV entered, so that a voltage of 60 kY is applied to the X-ray tube 43 via the ilohapension conductor 52. The magnitude of the subtraction voltage applied to the Hegel tube 125 is determined by the bias voltage applied to the control electrode 128. By changing this bias voltage, the subtractioiisspamiung - »can be increased or decreased beyond its limit of 5 kV.

The control electrode 128 of the Ragelröhra 125 is connected via a feedback conductor 131, a capacitor 129 and a resistor 130 to the high voltage conductor 52 as well as the current limiting resistor 74 and the X-ray tube 43. The capacitor 129, the resistor 130 and the head 131 form a WechBelstrom-Rüoklcoppliingskreia which applies such a bias voltage to the control grid of the Impedanzröhra 125 that substantially the whole ripple Spits © zn tip is removed after the äiebwirkung of Hoohepannungakondeneators 58 is still contained in the high voltage * which is applied to the X-ray tube 43 "

Through the filter effect of the Hociieiiarmimgakondemsators 53 becomes the pulsating direct current at the output of the rectifier 53 * 56 converted into a DC voltage with a ripple of

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Tip-to-tip usually a little less than 10% of the average value of the QleiGhJrtxomaueganges. For example, a Qleiohetrocxauegaiig tone 55 kV has a wave chain from tip to tip of about 5 kV 129 and is limited by the resistor 130 in such a way that oils apply a suitable bias voltage to the impulse tube 125 "so that a pulsating subtraction voltage is generated" which opposes this smallness from peak to peak of 5 kV and essentially eliminates this ripple Subtraction voltage at the impedance arm is therefore a pulsating voltage * which is opposite to the ripple voltage in weeks and therefore the ripple is involved in a small amount · As a result of the subtraction of the? Willingness is nröare to the Höntg "43 created an almost pure DC voltage, ..-. In this catfish, the ripple is reduced to a maximum of 50 V at an applied voltage to the Eöntgenrölrce iron oils au 6o ICV _#

135

A high-speed dialect is planned the high voltage applied to the X-ray tube 43 is mist and the applied high voltage optionally adjusts (Pig * I) * Her circle It includes measuring and measuring high voltage ilochspunnuiigswiderst & iid 136, a Hoohßpaiinungsmessir 137 » one. Resistance 136 and one Höehapaanunewähler 139 “der <zyri9ohea an earth point 140 and the cathode of the X-ray tube 43 is switched on, and awar via a Lsi tar 142 and the leite? 52, The resistor 136 has a very high resistance uud vQ3? 3aindört a batraohtllehe derivation of electricity from »

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Circuit of the X-ray tube, for example, the resistor 136 has a value τοπ 50 Hegolun · The high-voltage selector 139 is effectively a control resistor with several selection elements, which are in the range of 12 kV to (Sü kV and have intervals of about 2 KV. The voltage level at the WÖhlwldarstand 139 is applied via a conductor 146 to the input of a control circuit for stabilizing the high voltage. Control circuit 14p for stabilizing the high voltage

The Stsuerkrele 145 sui shown in Pig «3 * stabilizing * the high voltage may be! Svattelateren Q4-t) Tt all in one

are arranged, which in principle forms a differential, forms «An di» M9I & 4 $ a npn-Tnmaiitor * Q4 a period · Beaue «» l $ nal> on beiepAeliiweiae «9 V is applied« When the voltage is applied to the «Ifochepanmiaeeltitej? §2 with the span i £ b «r« iiiÄtiEsi *, da · im düi

139 eelected wor * en 1 * 1 * there is a chip at 4 «n wide table nungaabf * 11 of «9?« Bi * ap * nmcss rough - »9 T« n Am fimwld * v * ta && 139 wiro »it dam!» «it« «141 eto ** grlftwi and an dl« Baaie de * nprwfmnÄietor « 0 « Agel4 & t \ w & there «it da» featen from -9? 7 # yelioh * n * 4a * an dear- Baaiji de * fMpsiatore Q4 As long as the # KeehepanÄUHg * »din Hooiuif« mu2i «iaeit # 3r · 52 with the to dea Wählwidai-etand? 39 gewtiKite® jgpammng over * inirfeljsmt ₃ iet

Iceina M £ feaMui8 is lost and remains the eierungslcrei "145 Ik we" "ntli © iten usaiiykifjy V" nit ^ Iwv die Hoch · tension «n dem'Hooheq ^ iattii ^ ilflt · !? _! W .weaPlljfciMÄIt »W« lw au «and aimitpit» bai * piel * i # ie # iiLfel «» ei «« ·

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Voltage signal short-term from or to »proportional to the change in de? High voltage · The BifferentlalTerstärker, which is provided in the stabilization circuit «compares the increase or decrease of the tapped voltage alevel with the measured voltage · The difference is amplified and applied to the base of the pnp transit gate Q7. The collector of the transistor · Q7 is connected through a Differenzausgangsieiter 147 to the control electrode 128 ßegelröhre125 "If the tapped Spannungesignal is larger or smaller than the fixed Bezusseignal * Hegel tube 125 controls the iranaistor Q7, the control electrode 128 so from _t that they contain less or more is positive, so that the subtraction voltage is increased or decreased. The high voltage applied to the X-ray tube is reduced or increased and reached to a predetermined value if, for example, a high voltage is applied to the high voltage dialer 139 lst been dug 30 kV _t s the R & ntgenrQhre to be applied "and the voltage applied due to the MetsKustandes suddenly rises to 32 ICV _c takes the tapped öpannungssignal by a proportional amount to _f to which it differs from the COVERS voltage * piping LAE fferen? is attached to the base of the Xransia tore Q7, the a & m. the control electrode 126 of the cone tube "drives less positively" so the subtraction voltage at the sail tube 125 flowed by 2 k? The high voltage is increased by about 2 kV Air also counteracts the parallel output of the high voltage transformer * so that the high voltage applied to the X-ray tubes is reduced to 30 3öf * if the applied voltage drops

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the control element 123 of the Hegel tube is controlled more positively, so that the applied voltage on the selected Level is increased. Oils normal subtraction tension (in the one here selected embodiment 5 kV) of the control tube 125 thus dependent on the high-voltage stabilization system 145 increased or decreased by the riffenond voltage, so that by lowering or increasing the voltage applied to the X-ray tube, it is kept constant vtLlfe of the regulating roller 125 received, which furthermore the pulsating but tension is generated, with which the ripple in the to the X-ray tube 43 created Hochspaimiing is eliminated.

In the exemplary embodiment selected here, the setting range of the Hegel tube is 2.5 kV mf on each side of that of the nominal value τοη 5 kV of the subtraction voltage applied to the control tube. This means that the voltage on the control tube can be set in the range τση 2.5 kV to 7 »5 kV and is normally at the mean value of 5 kV. When the circuit arrangement is in operation, the voltage across the X-ray tube is automatically adjusted so that it compensates for changes in the voltage across the X-ray tube. Usually, the voltage at the Röntgenrtihrö at any point of the lereiclis of 2 _# 5-7 * 5 kV "so that depending on the respective voltage at the tapered tube and the need for a Srhöhung or reduction thereof a Teränderung of more or less than 2 * 5 kV is possible.

If the voltage fm of the BsgelrSar ^ is at 4m characteristic value of 3 kV, a Tergjiderüi] ® mm i _§ $. kV in both directions possible * If the

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the high voltage is greater than the setting that is possible with the control tube, so that the bias voltage on the control electrode controls the tube voltage to a value that is outside the setting range of 2.5 to 7.5 kV, a coarse control circuit 150 for the high voltage is used, which adjusts the adjustable "tap - 35 - so the supply voltage is increased or decreased" until the applied high voltage is back in the adjustment range of the tube 125. Control circuit t50 for increasing the high voltage

According to Fig.4, the control circuit 150 for regulating the high voltage is effectively an amplifier with a dead zone which only causes a current to flow through one or the other of the windings 97-93 when the high voltage on the control tube 125 is at, fixed limits iinter or exceeds. These boundaries can be a. B. at 2.5 kV and 7.5 and correspond to the Sinstellbereioh of the Hegel tube 125. As long as the high voltage at the Hegelröiire 125 lies within the fixed limits of 2.5 and 7.5 W , the control circuit 150 for regulating the Ilocha voltage in the 2.5 to 7.5 kV zone is ineffective or dead.

The control circuit 150 comprises an input conductor 151 with a decrease in the regulating voltage and two output conductors 152, 153 for feeding the coil. The transition conductor 151 is connected to the Aaod © 126 of the Hegölröhre 125 and applies a strobe signal to the control circuit 150 via a limiting resistor 155 old high resistance value to regulate the electrical voltage, since high voltage is applied to the regulator 125. The output conductors 152, 153 are connected to the selector coils 97, 99 for brightening and reducing the voltage and feed one

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the üpuien when the enepreoheade letter 152, 153 eats effectively connected to your earth point 154. The threshold value 155 has a very high resistance value in the order of magnitude of 5 Llegohm »so that the current drawn from the conductor 50 in the circuit of the X-ray tube is limited.

The circuit for regulating the isolation circuit comprises transformers y3 to Q21 "which are arranged in four separate transistor circles which work together so smoothly that they form an amplifier with dead cuo." The four transistor circles comprise a circle with the transistors Q3-Q13 in the form of a ·· I) If farentialv oratarke.ro VjQ for direct control of the supply to the coils 97 * 9B | ο in a circle with the. pnp-4'raniii disturb Q14 »Q15 in Fona eiuoi? l'lip- ^ iop-Schaltun ^ »the one iSi'duii ^ skröis 159 ι a circle with the npn-'üransisteren Q1G and Qt7» dl · a üifferontialveratärksa? t60 biZdea * der d * n ürdungekreia 159 switches on »if the voltage on the cone gauge crosses the dead zone of 2 ₉ 5 w ooles? IGI form a Difioröjitialveretarker ^ switches off the ISrdungeikreis 159 "if dl * at the Hagslrtllixs in. essentially on their

of 5 kV,

In the differential converter 153 the bases are the

wiO and Q13 with a source of a fixed E «» ug * - of. -IS? connected "and awar via a respective Wideret and 1œ2 _t 163. ÖIE Sasia DSE transistor is qto * collector iCreis * grounded via the Jaattter * a 'transistor 4 ^ 0 the base i * t _t resistor 164 and a conductor with a 1δ5 Source © of +13 V connected · The resistor 164 has such a value »dafl

909832/0814

In conductor 165 and through resistor 162 a stroia of about. 1 iuA flows, bo that at the base of the transistor Q10 there is a bias voltage of -10 "¥. This Yore voltage of -10 Ψ ν ~ ι uüi ¹ bas & a döii Aransiators ^ tO is effectively applied to the base .ie α piip - ^; rraiisistors Qß transmitted.

ί, ίοηη an 4oi * bow your line voltage is 5 kV, calls eiii.3troiA of about 1 EiA Iu the conductor 191 and the ilmitterxvüllekior-Iüi * ei © des' iraiiaistars ^ 21, whose base is grounded, ..u de * * ^ aaiu döö i'raaBiötorfet ^ t> and auz'Cli den liidersiiand 163. i) ex 'resistance 1u3 hai hurried golcheii hiderstandawert, dai3 at the tiaHis des xiL'ansiatoit's ^ 13 a pretense mi ^; of -1u V, riTi the ÜpariaiUigaabfall au the itegelrdore is 125!

effectively transferred to the base de © l'raneiators yt1. The Vox'öxjaninmis the iraneiatoren Q13 and <- therefore} 11 iet directly from the Hochspa * mttng at the Hegel tube 125 above sea level, and is epending Iu "v Vifexiii to the E $ donkey tube 12 * 3, a voltage of i5kVliegt d?. ± & bias voltage of - »V lo at the base DEA · 'xransistoren y10 tuid Λ48 iöii eiii Beaugsirert constant with which the voltage at d» r base dex ¹ liransistoren Q13 and can be vergliciien till ·

jJxg Haitter collector circuit * of the transistors Q11 and ^ O sicii are both 3tti * rBiale '? Wise in a somewhat conductive one State "which can all be described as semiconducting" in this

4 iraßsistors. Q8 _t Qt 1, the one flowing in inside is not sufficient in any "4 _: coils" for a current flow _t which is used to operate the safety contacts when the high voltage is applied

As the IBS decreases or decreases, the negative preamble at the bases of the i'raiieietorea Qi 3 and Qt! Decreases accordingly

or au * Buren an artery of the gate opening at the basle of the

909δ32 / 06Η

- ²⁴ - 15U3U

Transistor Q11 becomes this little conductive and the transistor Q8 more conductive Transistor * Qt1 has the opposite effect on the Transistor Q8.

The tmitttr of the transistors QiI and QS öind duroh a resistor 167 n, it άβια collector of the Traneistore Q15 and duroh a conductor 168 with the collector of the transistor Qi5 in the flip-plop iSrü.m ^ Sechaltiinß 159 connected. The emitters of the transistors ^ 14, -15 in the flip-flop Erduncaaohaltung are connected to the earth point 154. As can be seen from the drawing, the transistors Q14 »Q15 are arranged in the flip-flop grounding circuit 159 flo that when the voltage sources Tön +13 IT and -30 V are connected, the transistor y14 is fully conductive and the transistor Qi5 is blocked. When the transistor Qi5 is locked, the negative bias voltage at the emitters of the transistors Q11, Q8 in the differential converter 153 is sufficient to make the voltage at the etitters with respect to the bases 00 strongly negative so that neither of the two transistors Q11 and Q8 has a state can assume full conductivity, regardless of the change in the voltage at the base of the transistor QIt as a result of changes in the high voltage on the control roller 125 · So that one of the transistors QiI ₀ Q8 is completely conductive and the other is blocked, the emitters of the transistors Qi1, Q9 are approximately at dsm earth potential.

The Xmitter of the Iran transistors Q11, QS are only then approximately in the earth potential, if the flop-flop balance is held in the opposite stable state

- 9098 3 2 / 06U

• ORIGINAL BATHROOM

or when the transistor q15 is tilted, it is fully functional and the transistor QT4 is blocked because at the base of the Transistor «Q15 a negative voltage signal is applied. When the transistor Q5 is conductive, it connects the conductor 168 to the ground point 154 "so that the transmitters of the transistor Q8, Q11 are approximately at the Krdpotential" of this negative Auslüeoimpule is generated duroh the zone-defining differential ialveretarker 160 via the conductors 169, 170, if the differential amplifier ISO detects · that the voltage is on of the control tube outside the setting range of 2 »3- * 7» 5 kf the control tube is "

In the 2one beatima there is a differential amplifier 160 A ladder 171 places the fixed level of work at -10% BasiB of the pnp-l \ renaistore Q8 on one side of a ffiderataa ^ of the 172 on the other side with the base of the npn transistor Q16 connected let. Am Head 173 Terbindet the Imlttev des npn-Traneistore Q17 Via a ZenerAiode 174 old the source of the constant Besugsspjuuing of -10 V, so that the Saitter 4ta iranoistora Q17 a constant Beaugsepannuag of about 7 «T Y 1Ie ^ t, Sin conductor 175 places Aas changeable · voltage signal of the base of the Xranaistor Q11 to one side of a resistor 176, the other side of which is the base of the Xransiatoim g17 is connected * Sin conductor 177 places the same changeable Voltage signal to the jitter of the traneiator QiG · You Collectors of the npn transistors Q16. y17 are connected to one another by a conductor 178 in which diodes 179 * 180 are arranged, whose iCftthodes are connected to the collector of the translator Qib baw. Qi? connected is. The felter 169 is represented with the inodon

909832 / 06U BADOBiQINAL

- ²⁶ - 15143H

Diodes 179 "180 is connected and creates · dl base of the transistor QI5 the flip-flop 159 Srdungesohaltung a negative pulse on when one of the transistors QI6 _a Q17 is conductive.

First of all, none of the franeietoren Qio, Q17 is conductive. If the voltage at the base of the transistor Qi1, which depends on the voltage at the Hegel tube, becomes negative, the transistor Q16 is conductive if its smitter is sufficiently negative with respect to its base. When the i'ransistor QI6 iat conductive _f outputs via the diode 179 and the circuit 169, 170 a negative pulse to the Baal of the transistor Q15 in the Plip-BrdiuigBsohaltung-flop from * If ale to the voltage on the voltage-dependent legelröhre When the base of the transistor QiI becomes more positive, d, ii, less negative, the traneietor Q17 is conductive if a base gtg Plop-Johaltuiig 159 a negative Auelbao impulse ”, so iajt the nip-Iiop-SrdUBgssanal- · device 159 in its other“ stable! Butane * ”ng · β o halt in the“ de ”transistor Qt5 conducts.

Oils Iran! Disrupt QI5 and Q17 in "e" stftvksr 160 are arranged so IAJ d 'y transistor Qf € and the Jlif-flop ürdiaigeeohaltttttf 159 a ae "" tive * n Auslusslmpuls gives _f when the Spanmag at 4p Begelrshr · 125 your lower Oremse, bslspledsvelse 2.5 kV, reached * lsi? translator q17 is leitfihig and gives a nejativen Spanaungsiii- * pulse to dl · Flip-flof ^ Brdungsao | taltung 159 off when the spanning at Hegelrühr x 125 her "upper 0rense _e a, J3. 7 »5 kV« rreioht »The lower done of 2« 5 kV corresponds to the nominal voltage of 5 * T

90 9832/06 14 _{RAn Λη}

BAD OBfQlNAL

-a? - 15H3U

at tor ltfelrChre alnus made possible by ils rtgelrölire Adjustment of 2.5 kV. The tone 7 »5 IcV limit corresponds to

τοπ 5 kT suzUglioh which is replaced by the sail tube

clear adjustment of 2.5 kV · r ÄLfferentialveretärker is therefore effectively ineffective in a zone of about 5 kV plus or minus 2 _# 5. Dias corresponds to the range in which an adjustment of the eye tension is possible by means of the regulating tube 125.

The arrangement of the transistors Q18 and Qt 9 in your Differential converter 16.1 is achr similar to the arrangement of the x'raneistors yi6, Q17 in dom Differentialverotärkor 160. lin Conductor 182 connects the cathodes of diodes 103, 134 to dea Collector of TranoiGtorenQi3 or Qi9. The anodes of the diodes 103 »134 are connected by a ladder 185 and a ladder 170 The base of the translator Qi5 connected, "Aenn that of the voltage. signal dependent on the control tube at the base of the iraniietor « Qit becomes more negative / is the jraxisistor g1a lüitfihijg. If the signal depends on the voltage at the regulator QiI becomes less negative at the base of the tranalstor is the Transistor Qi9 conductive. The transistors Q13 and Q19 «ground Conductive at about the same voltages as the transistors Qt6 or Q17. The negative triggering pulse generated by the transistor Qi8 or Q19 is however in the conductor through the Dlodo 13S 135 blocked, gust that he is the base of the 'iransiatora Q15 ia the ilip-jFlop ground circuit cannot reach 159 · Therefore The Plip-Plop-Erdsclxaltung 159 ii only through the differential amplifier 160 1 made fit, so that he allows that the transistor Qi1 or Q8 becomes fully conductive and in you Coil 97 or 98 causes a flow of current that drives the drive motor

909832 / 06U

- 23 -

15H3H

30 for c.en voltage regulator puts into operation, so that as required the supply voltage is increased or decreased.

When the movable tap 3 ¹ J of the adjustable Jpa.oriun.äöreglc-ra 2: 5 by the ^ mtriobariotor. j) u bo is misaligned. Weioe has been increased or decreased. And the overhang lying on the Hegel tube 125, its nominal value of, for example, 5 kV, the negative bias voltage between the emitter is reduced with the base of the previously conductive transistor of the transistors Q16, Q17, so that the is so far blocked conductive iransistor and the Verbindungset rush between the conductors 1G> _t 17G a positive Jpannun ^ j orücheint. This occurs when the voltage at dex ¹ iie ^ elröhro is again in the dead zone of 2.5-7.5 IcV, but not yet ^ ai: ..-. the ilennspannuii ^ the liogolröiire of 5 ^ V eiitüpricht. A jiode 183 in the conductor 163 blocks the positive voltage signal, so that the.! 3in ^ angalleiter 170 of the Plip-ilop grounding circuit cannot reach and therefore the differential amplifier 160 is not in a position to switch the iärdungskreis 159 back to the original stable Zuntand, in which the 'iransistor Qi5 is blocked.

When the high voltage at the cone tube returns to the dead bone of 2.5-7, ^r > 1: 7, the previously conductive transistor, the transistor QiO, Qi9, is first blocked in the Difx'orentialverstgr-Icer 16t, xierm the negative bias voltage ζτ / ischen jiiitter and the base essentially the value July. This is the case when the display voltage at the base of the transistor Q11 is the constant reference voltage signal down to 0.3-0 # 4 V

909832 / 06U

BAD ORiQINAL

- ^{$ 2} ~ 15143 U

This value of 0.3-0.4 V did the voltage drop awiiohtn the slitter and the base of the transistor QiS ₁ QI9.

The previously conductive transistor of transistors Q18, Q19 is therefore only blocked when the voltage display signal at the base of the transistor Q11 the value 10 V plus or minus 0.3 to 0.4 V · This corresponds to the Henn voltage of 5 kV on the control tube 125 plus or minus 250 V. If this state is reached, the previously conductive transistor of the transistors Q18, Q19 is blocked, so that at the junction of the Conductor 182, 185 a positive voltage appears. This positive Voltage is applied from the conductor 185 via the diode 186 to the singing element 170 of the flip-flop circuit 159 and switches them back to their original stable state, in which the transistor Q15 is blocked, so that the coil of the relay coils 97, 98 through which current has previously been flowing is de-energized Differential amplifier 16O therefore switches on the plip-flop earthing switch 159 only when the high voltage applied to the control tube leaves the dead zone of 2.5-7.5 kV. The differential amplifier 161 switches the flip-plop switching circuit 159 only off when the high voltage on the control tube 125 is your The nominal value of 5 kV has again approached to around 250 V.

Sin conductor 190 connects the collector of the transistor Q2 in the control circuit 108 for the coil of the radiation protection to the base of transistor Q13 in control circuit 150 for the Rough regulation of the high voltage .; When to the base of the transistor Q3 a negative trigger pulse is applied, which resets the flip-flop circuit in the control circuit 108 for the coil of the radiation a-8ChUtzeB in its initial state, so that the

909832 / 06U

Translator Qi is blocked and the translator Q2 is conductive, a positive voltage signal is applied to the base of the transistor Q13 via the appropriately poled diode 19t.This positive voltage signal makes the base of the transistor Q13 more positive.This is transferred to the base of the transistor Q11 which also becomes more positive. The control circuit for the coarse regulation of the high voltage then causes, in the manner explained above, "that the transistor Q11 is completely blocked and the transistor Q8 is completely conductive" so that the voltage-increasing relay coil 98 has a current flowing through it and the switch contact 93 is closed. so that the armature 37 and the shaft 36 rotate and the adjustable tap 35 is moved in the direction of reducing the voltage. Therefore, when the X-ray machine is switched off "because a negative voltage pulse is applied to the base of transistor Q3 'is carried out an operation of the drive for the voltage regulator" so that the adjustable tap is moved to a Nullspannungestellung 35 · choice of Rüntgenröhren-StromatMrke

As shown in FIG. 1, a regulating resistor 196 is connected in the conductor 50 between the regulating tube 125 and the Brdunga point 49, which is used to select the current intensity for the X-ray tube 43 The regulating resistor 196 is connected in series in the circuit of the X-ray tube and determines the current strength in the circuit of the X-ray tube through its set resistance value. The selector arm of the regulating resistor 196 has several Millampere selection positions with which in the circuit shown

9098 32 / 06U

arrangement with an X-ray tube the X-ray tube current can be selected between about 2 inA and 50 mA. A milliammeter 197 is connected in the conductor 50 between the control tube 125 and the milliarapere selector resistor 136 '. Power stabilization circuit 200

The StroEistabilisierungskreis 200 serves to maintain a current strength selected by the Schwaehstroiuwähler 196 in the circuit of the X-ray tube. The Stromstabilisierungskrsia 200 has an input conductor 202 between your !, lilliaaiperemeter 197 and resistor 196 to earth conductor 50 is connected and generates an input voltage signal that the current intensity in the X-ray tube circle is proportional and * serves to display the same. Strouistabiliaierungskreis 200 also has an output conductor 203, which connects to the primary winding an 'iranaforaiator 204 is connected. The selauidary winding The transmitter 204 is in the filament circuit between the low-current pin adjustment resistor 80 and a .j $ r dung point 205 serialized. The transformer 204 Effectively provides a variable impedance element in the filament feed wire so that the current in this circuit is automatically regulated so that the tube stop on a selected one Fourth is held

According to FIG. 5, the stroke stabilization circuit has Transistors Q23-Q27 composing a differential amplifier 201. The base of NPN transistor Q27 is connected to conductor 202 connected so that to the base of the transistor Q27 the at d «m V / electrical resistance 196 lying voltage is applied. If in Euntgenrährenkreis the current flows, which of the setting

9.09832 / 06 U

of the Wählwideretandes 196 corresponds, has the voltage on the Resistor 196 has a predetermined value, for example of +9 V. The base of the npn transistor Q26 has a voltage point with respect to £ S 207 of a conductor 208 connected. The voltage at the reference point 207 is also kept constant at +9 V by a Zener diode 209. The anode of the zener diode 209 1st connected to an earth point 210. The cathode of the zener diode eats over a lead: - 208 and a resistor 211 with one +30 V source connected.

With stable current in the circuit of the X-ray tube no ^r * De vice effected change of the Wählwiders belt 196 worn Anseile voltage so that the Stronst & bilisierungskreis is effectively ineffective. By a non-preselected change (increase or decrease) in the current intensity in the X-ray filter circuit, the display voltage tapped at the selection resistor 196 is increased or decreased, so that the tapped voltage applied to the base of the transistor Q27 differs from δ .. & η Beaugas voltage signal at the Base deo transistor y2o differs. This difference is amplified and applied to the transistor Q23, so that its bias voltage between the jitter and base is changed and the current conduction in the transistor Q23 increases or decreases and with it the bias voltage which is applied to the base of the pnp transistor Q28 . A change in the bias voltage at the base of the pnp transistor Q20 changes the resistance in a circuit 215 formed by the pnp transistors Q29 # Q30 with variable impedance and also changes the impedance of the impedance circuit 215. This change in the impedance of the impedance circuit 215 becomes effective on

909832/06 U _{D /} . ", _N

BAD uR

" ³³ " 15H3U

S "kundä" rricklung dee Impedenztransfownators 204 is changed so "that by changing the voltage of the primary winding on the Heizfadentraneformators 72 reinstated the Stron in the X-ray tube äien value \? ird, who was originally selected by the selection resistance 196th

To explain the way in which the current stabilization system works, it is assumed that the current intensity in the X-ray tube circle results from some sort of exposure, for example a load reduction, which has not been pre-selected. By increasing the amperage, the display apaionunc; at the rolling resistance 196 "increases, so that also the voltage at the base of the TraneistbrB Qi? 7 is increased and the comparison of the anaeige pannune with the voltage at the Beaugapunlit 207 of +9 V results in a voltage difference. This difference is pre-worked and applied to the base of the transistor Q23, via the circuit 215 with variable impedance :; effectively the inpedana of the secondary signaling of the Iranefornator 204 is obtained. Due to this Erhöhiing the Impedana of the '204 fransfomators a smaller voltage is applied to the Prinarwicklung of Heiafadantraneformators 72, eo that also the Jtrom in the Rönt ^ enrölirenkrels sohwäoher _t until the selected at the Wühlwiderstand 195 Who * h * t.
StromatMrkekoggpfi | turkreia 127

The 3troBieiUixl £ ekorrQkturkrcia. 1:27 should cev / alirleiaton, that there really is a current flowing through the X-ray tube from that Stabilizing circle 200 captured and from the Millianporenetor geiaesreeu wivd. oils Is current I * in the conductor 50 is Im-. weaentllohen equal to the fiöntgenrühren-Iststrouatärko Xt in that

909832 / Q6U

- ³⁴ - 15H3U

Conductor 70 plus the current strength Ib In the conductor 142 of the iiroiaes 135 for measuring the X-ray tube voltage minus the the current intensity in the conductor 151, indicating the control tube voltage, This current-volume relationship is shown in the schematic FIG. 8, which represents one part of the circuit arrangement for the X-ray tubes. The relationship can be given by the following equation to be expressed}

Ia »It + Ib - Ic

The currents Ib, Ic in the conductors 142, 151 are mainly due to the extremely high resistance values of the Resistors 136 and 155 are determined because the values of the other resistances in the circuits are comparatively very small The excess strength correction circle effectively causes a subtraction the current strength Ib in the left circuit for the X-ray tube voltage and an addition of the current strength Ic in the Hesskreia for the control tube voltage to the current Ia in the conductor 50 of the X-ray tube before the milliammeter 197 and the Selector resistor 196, so that the current strength in the Wyhlwidorstand 196 only has the value of the current It flowing through the X-ray tube.

According to FIG. 6, the weakening current correction circuit has 217 an amperage correction conductor 218, which is connected between the control tube 125 and the milliammeter 197 to the conductor 50, a conductor 219 which is connected between the high-voltage meter 137 and the resistor 138 to the conductor 142 of the Measuring circuit for the X-ray tube voltage is connected, and a conductor 220, which via the conductor 175 to the base dea Transistor Qi1 in the coarse control circuit 150 for the high voltage

909832/061 U

connected. In the conductor 213 is between the conductors 175 and 50 a resistor 221 is switched on, so that a current Ir flows in the conductor 213 *

Between the conductor 50 and the resistor 221, a constant current source 222 is connected in the conductor 218, which adds a constant current If to the currents flowing in the conductor 50- This constant current source 222 has two resistors 223, 224, which are between the conductor 218 and a source of +30 7 are connected in series, as well as a Zener diode 225, the anode of which is connected to a fire point 226 and the cathode of which is connected to the adjacent ends of the resistors 223, 224. The Zener diode 225 is dimensioned so that a voltage of about +18 V is applied to it, Dev circuit 222 feeds the constant current If into the conductor 218 regardless of the other current intensities and conditions in the circuit _arrangement

With conductor 219 and conductor 218 between resistor 221 and constant current source 222 is a current drain circuit 227 connected for the measuring circuit for the X-ray tube voltage. This Stromeiitnahmekreie 227 has a pnp transistor Q31, the collector of which is connected to a source of -30V connected. The emitter of transistor w31 is over a resistor 228 to conductor 218 and its base to the Emitter of an npn transistor Q32 connected. The collector of transistor Q32 is connected to ground point 229. The base The transistor Q32 is connected to conductor 219.

Transistors Q31 and Q32 connect the end of the Resistor 228 effectively with the negative voltage side of resistor 138, the voltage across resistor 228 is the

90983 2/06 1 k

- ³⁶ ~ 15U3U

Difference between the voltage of 4-9 T ₉ that is applied to the selection resistor I96 "and the voltage at a voltage point 238 of the conductor 142". The voltage at the selection resistor 139 is kept at -9 V by the high voltage stabilization circuit 145 * The voltage at the resistor 138 depends on the flow rate Xb in the conductor 142 If, for example, a voltage τοη 50 kV is applied to the conductor 52 as a result of the resistance 136 τοη 50 megohms in the conductor 142 a current τοη 1 mA. Resistor 133 is dimensioned in such a way that its voltage drop is about 10 V when a voltage τοη 50 kV is applied to conductor 92 A change in the current strength Xb in conductor I42 causes a corresponding change in the voltage at resistor 138

As a result of the voltage across the resistor 228, a current Xd ₉ flows through this resistor, which is effectively subtracted from the current Ia in the conductor 50. The current Id is the sum ^{of the currents Ib 1} and a reverse current Xe · Ser current Xb * let equal the current Xb in the conductor 142 "The error * current Ie is a constant current" which flows in the resistor 228, because the voltage on the Wählwideret and 139 is τοη «9 T * which represents a constant part of the voltage across the resistor In other words, if the resistor 138 were not at a voltage τοη -9 V "but at the earth potential, the voltage across the resistor 228 would only be due to the current Xb in the conductor 142. However, if the resistor 138 is connected to a tensioning voltage τοη -9 V

9098327 06U

is, a current Xe flows in the resistor 226 due to the reference voltage γοη «9 V applied to the resistor 138, and a current Ib% equal to that due to a suitable dimensioning χ of the components of the current draw circuit 227. Xb is »

The current Ir in the resistor 221 is dependent on the linear voltage at the base of the transistor Qt1 in the control circuit 150 for the high voltage, changes in the minus voltage at the base of the transistor <^ 11 cause corresponding changes in the current intensity Ir in the resistor 221. Da the changes in the idinuaapvoltage at the base of the transistor Q11 are inversely proportional to the changes in the current Ic in the conductor 151, it follows that changes in the current Ir are also inversely proportional to the changes in the current Ic the constant current source 222 and the resistor 221 are selected so that the constant current If, which is output by the additional current source 222, is equal to the current Ir in dsm Resistor 221 and minus the Penler current Ie equal to the current Ic in the conductor 151. This can be expressed by the following equation: If-Ir-Ie-Ic

J) a the conductor 218 subtracts a current Ir from the current Id, the conductor 223 a current If to the current Ia In dem Conductors, and the current Id equals the -stream Io plus des Pehlerstroius Ie flows into Lillianpereueter 197 and the selection resistor 136 the same current Ix as in the X-ray tube. J) ias can be expressed by equations like foljteai

909832 / 06U

if

Im * It ♦ Ib - Ic

Id ■ Ib '+ Ic

Ib * a Ib and

If - Ir - Ie = Ic
then

Ie - Ir - Id ♦ If * It

The generation of a constant current If applied from a constant voltage source of Vl 8 V to the point with a voltage of +9 V enables the current in conductor 50 to be corrected to compensate for the current Io drawn through conductor 151 by using a suitable minus voltage present at the base of transistor Qt 1 and related to the current Ic from conductor 50 "That is, since it is not readily possible to generate a current au by one The voltage point at the base of the transistor QtI flows to the positive voltage point at the end of the resistor 196. The meow voltage at the base of transistor Qi1 can, however, be used to draw a current which "is in a relationship" with the current Ic drawn from conductor 50. This single current is the current Ir. If a current If is additionally fed into the conductor which is considerably greater than the current Ia ₉ and a current Ir which is inversely proportional to the current Ic drawn is subtracted, the current in the conductor 50 is corrected to compensate for the current drawn Ic « high tension fr-gicaerheitglcpaiB

3 shows the high voltage safety circuit 118,

90983 2/0614 BAD ORIGINAL

- 15143H

This ensures that the power supply module 103 is de-energized and the X-ray device is switched off when the high voltage on the X-ray tube 43 exceeds the limits. Her high-voltage safety circuit 113 has a pnpiraneiator Q33 * whose BmIb can be connected via a conductor 231 and the conductor 146 with the voltage of -9 T, which is connected to the resistor 138 and the high piLimun3 "~ WMklwid "Röst" nd 139 lies. The Smitter of Tran · aistors Q33 let old the anode of a Zener diode 233 via a conductor 232 rerbunden which feisier the cathode of the Sener diode 233 with the B * vorbindet Bie d "e iürftasietor * Q4 to άατ a konettnto Bestigaapmim ^ Bg -9 7 is "the Zanardiode 233 i" * · ° ^ü · - Messent DAFL "ie aufreohttrhält to the Bttitter of the transistor Q33 else voltage of about -11.3 *" o that only then is applied to the fransiator Q33 a Burohlaßvorapannung when the en The voltage at its Baeia is more negated and reaches a value of about -12 V

The 9th collector of the coil Q33 is connected to the base of an upn transistor q34 via a conductor 235 The traneietore Q34's wrinkle is available with a source of -30 T and its collector is via a conductor 236 and a mode 237 «it connected to the conductor 115 of the control unit 108 for the coil of the radiation guns.

If the high pairing on the x-ray tube 43 let higher as the voltage sensed at the high-voltage switch resistor 139, and the tapped voltage en at the junction between the resistors 138, 139 τοη the normal level Tön -9V rises to about 12V or more, transistor Q33 conductive and controls transistor Q34 into conductive

909832/0614

-40- 15143 H.

State, βο because the transistor Q34 applies a trigger pulse τοη -30 Y via the diode 237 and the conductors 236 and 115 to the base of the transistor Q3 in the control circuit 103 for the coil of the radiation protection device “0er transistor Q3 then controls the Plip-yiop -Transiators q1, Q2 in such a way that the coil 103 of the RadiationasohütBes is de-energized and the circuit arrangement is switched off, except for the power that is supplied to the windings 83 * 84 of the drive actuator 38 for the voltage regulator * Sc fayaohatrora-SJoherkoitakreia 117

FIG. 5 shows a low-current safety device 117 which causes the coil 103 to be switched off, the radiation beam and the circuit arrangement, when the current flowing in the circuit of the X-ray tube exceeds a certain limit. The low-current safety circuit is in a npn * fransietor Q35, the base of which is connected via a conductor 240 and ά% Ά conductor 2Qt to the conductor 50 between the Sciarachstroewahlwideratand 195 and the Milliaaperemeter 197 · The transmitter of the transistor Q35 is connected via a L * itar 242 and a zener diode 241 connected to the fwutb 207 at the base of the transistor Q26, at which point a reference voltage τοη +9? lies. The zener diode 241 is so htamneen that they η "the emitter of Q35 Transistora a voltage τοη about -F11> 3 T-sustaining. The collector of transistor Q35 is connected through a zener diode 243 to the base of an npn transistor Q3 &. The collector of the transformer Q36 is a bit of a source τοη +18 V and its fiaitter is connected via a diode 244 to a conductor 245, the conductor 236 and the conductor 115 with the base of the transit gate Q3 in the control free 103 for the coil of the radiation protection rer .

909832/0614

iJormalerweise abuts the aohwaciaB-ferom ^ ählwIdarstand 196, a voltage of +9 V _f when the current in the X-ray tube has the value set at the Scbwachetromwäliler 196 value. When the current in the x-ray tube circuit experiences a non-preselected increase, the voltage across the select resistor 196 increases. This increase is applied to the base of the 'üransietore Q35-. If di · nioht preselected Sunshine the current intensity in the Röhrenkreie is so large that the Spannimg at the emitter of the transistor Q35 due to the voltage increase across the resistor 196 on 1f _t 3 V rises ₉ (transistor Q35 is conductive and controls the Sraneistor Q36 to 'the! transistor Q3 applies to the base of in äem control circuit 108 for the coil of radiation contactor a negative Ausl'dseimpuls so that the SehÜtsspTile 103 de-energized and the circuit arrangement is up to the drive motor 38 turned off, the voltage regulator · Re ^ elrahr en-Sielierheitekreia 116

The security code shown in Fig. 2 11 $ causes the coil 103 of the radiation socket to be de-energized imd therefore the Schaltiingsanordming is switched off when the voltage on the control tube 125 a / predetermined Grensa ifbepprogresses. A control tube safety circuit 116 acts as an agent npn-a? ransistor Q37, the base of which has a conductor 250 and the conductor 175 with the bals of the transistor. Q11 in the Grobrögelkreis 150 for the Hochepannunj ^ is connected. over a jjspannungsverteilerschaltung with 2ener diodes 251 * 252, whose Anodes connected via a conductor 253 to a source of -30 volts becomes a voltage at the emitter of the transistor Q37 sustained by about -4V · From a source of +30 7 becomes

909832/06 14

The transistor Q37 would be maintained via resistors 254, 255 and "in" central diode 256 "in positive potentials at the collector. The external maximum tension of the feeding tube 125 is about 10 kY. If at the tapered tube 125, a voltage τοη 10 kV li «gt _t, the voltage at the base dee transistor Q11 in the-Ovobregeikreis 150 takes less negatir iincl for the high voltage to a word of about -2 Y to" so that the base dee Translators 037 becomes positive towards his Bn & ttsr. Consequently · (ΙβώΒβίι the transistor Q37 conductive "so that it ma ttber the diode. 257 to conductor 115 a negative Auslöeeimpuls to (Tie base of Tranaistors Q3 in the Stauerkreis 108 for the Schützapule emits · As a result, the coil 103 is de-energized and the Sciialtuiigsenordmuig switched off.

To sararae-encompassing representation of the Wirlamgweise the Senaltim ^ sE 20 old of a single Bflntgan

First of all, the low-power selector 196 and de? Ho ciiopannun ^ si · .äbler 139 to the desired low-voltage or.

rt set »the one desired for the irradiation

is. By closing the switch 31 (Pig * 1), a current will flow caused by the coil 28 »so that the Hetzkontakte 26, 27 & e £> chlö £ seri and current through the primary winding? 6 of the HilfεtransfCreators 75 flows, by sleeping the BlnEChalttaste 125 is a negative trigger pulse to the base of the flip-JTlop-oSransietors Qt in the control circuit 108 for the conduction protection coil As a result, the translator Qi becomes conductive, so that through the radiation protection 103 Electricity flows. This closes the contacts 104 »105 of the coil. The closed contact 104 applies voltage

909832 / 06U

BATH ORIGINAL

the coil 34 of the voltage regulator 25 on. The closed contact 1Q5 causes a current to flow through the transducer 79.

See the movable tap 35 dos voltage regulator 25 is in the position for the hulla voltage the primary winding 44 of the high voltage transformer 42 Iceine and therefore no tension is transmitted to the B8n%

applied, the voltage on the Böntge tube is therefore lower than the voltage set at d «a high voltage selector 139» and the tapped at dta HociiBspannunga-Wählwidarstand 139 Voltage is lower than the B * tension voltage of -9V that is applied to the diffarantiftlveritHrker of the high tension actuator 145 C ^ ig »3) lies» The as jDifferens is carried out in a suitable manner amplifies the differential variable strength and controls over the 147 * 129 the control electrode 128 of the cone tube 125

positive voltage. Bi * high voltage at the Beg * 3> röhra therefore drops its characteristic value tone 5 kV. Bio Difforen * {Eu the high voltage set on the high voltageMhlar 139: iochspan- ^: "nung ist.gttUtaPt. As the H # s« lrBlire 125 can compensate for 2.5 kV with its satellite-rich tone. The voltage on the control tube 125 sinks below & i £ b * i 2, ^ kV, lower limit · herae Sinstellbereiclu ·, 'In the control circuit 150 for the high voltage, the voltage at the base of the transistor Q11 has become more negative, so that the transistor Qi 1 is essentially conductive and the transistor QS has essentially operated. Furthermore, the oil differential amplifier 160 of the control circuit 150, which determines the dead zone, has been put into operation for the high voltage, so that it applies a triggering pulse to the base of the transistor Q15 in the earth circuit 159 will

909832/0614

* ⁴⁴ - 15143 U

The transistor Qi 5 is conductive and the emitter of the transistor Q11 is grounded. This is now rolling conductive and causes a current to flow through the coil 90 of the voltage increasing relay. This current flow through the relay coil 90 causes the work contact 89 (Fig. 1) to close, so that a current flows through the rotor winding 83, namely from the secondary winding of the auxiliary transformer 75 via the conductor 88, the work contact 89, the conductor 91, the Switch contact 93 "and the conductor 78 * The current flow in the motor winding 33 causes a rotation of the armature 37 and therefore also the part 36 in the sense that the movable tap along the coil 34 is moved to a position" which corresponds to a higher voltage As a result, the voltage applied to the primary winding 44 of the voltage transformer 32 is increased and thus also the voltage applied to the X-ray tube 43 via the lead 52 cn the high voltage _t reaches the value in the supply line 52 of the 1st set as the high voltage · "Wlhlwiderstand 139, Concealed et the difference between the reference voltage of -9 V "which is at the base of the transistor Q4 in the high voltage stabilization circuit 145, and the tapped voltage" which is at the base of the transistor "Q5" so that the high voltage stabilization circuit 145 the At the control electrode 128 of the Hegtlrehre 125 lowering the control voltage * As a result, the impedance of the tube 125 increases accordingly and the voltage drop across the tube rises in the direction of the voltage drop of +5 kV. the high voltage on the lead 52 is that of the

909832 / oeu

ilochepajxrrangewahler 139 has set voltage up to about 250 V geniliart, the bifferantial amplifier 161 in the control circuit 150 for the high voltage sn the base of the transistor Qi 5 in the flip-flop circuit 159 from a trigger pulse, which blocks the transistor 05, so that the coil 90 is de-energized the Spannuagaerhöhtragsrelais is "the contact 89 of the electroless Spannungserhöhungsrelsie 97 _t opened so that the IIS tonriolclung 83 de-energized and the actuating movement of the adjustable Ansapfuag 35 of the voltage regulator is stopped 25th Now the supply line 52 is at the voltage "which is set on the high voltage *""wäliler 139, and the Höntgen tube works at the selected voltage level.

If X-ray exposure is timed, a "suitable, unsaturated position" triggers the exposure side limiter 111, which expires during the period to which it is set. At the time of the controlled exposure time, the exposure time in the translator 111 is sent to the base of the translator 111 "teuerkrei» 103 Beetrahlung "- schützßpule a negative" from Auelöeeimpule, eo DAFL the "lip-Plop-öchaltung in dam control circuit 108 ungeeteuert and £ * is * & * slstor Q2 locked" Xnfolgedewren is i.9V StroefXuß in Bestra ] 3luiig8 «0liiltsipi2le 103 finished and the system stopped«

di «Betriebes dee» Jatgeneyetema becomes the

Waviness of lace au gpitae, which defies »the thief effect de« Eochspannimgeicondeneatora 98 - remains «by the pulsating Aegens tension effectively eubtymed, that of the Begslrehre 1S5 is generated »B & e Sraeugung this tension by the

909832/0614

OBlQiNAL

tube 125 is going through the weekly e-trom-Rüakicopplun ^ Bkroia ga « controls »which consists of the capacitor 129 and the conductor 131, which blots the grid 123 of the Irapodana tube 125 with the high voltage line 52.

Any non-preselected distortion of the high voltage at the X-ray tube 43 is detected by the high voltage 3 jtal) iliaierungslcreis 145 "which is held in parallel with the Hochspaimunga rolling resistance, and causes the Ilochspannan ^ e stabilizing circle" to control the control grid 128 of the cone gauge 125 so that the high voltage on the control tube 125 is changed, that the high voltage on the HUntgeuröhre remains at the preselected level If the non-preselected change in the high voltage on the x-ray tube is about 2.5 kV or less, it is in the setting of the control tube 125 »So that it itself co-compensates the non-preselected change in voltage * If the non-preselected change in the 4-way voltage is greater than about 2.5 IcV and the legelröhr» 125 over its liuetellbereich, which goes from 2.5-7 »5 If, himauB is controlled _f the Regalfcreia 150 is wirkaea for Heohepannung and vermnlaflt this Kreie the Aniriebsnotor 3d suz * adjustment of b "wegllohon Anaapfung 35 _t to dl * on d * r supply 52 Keohspanming lying back in Hnstellbereich d» r ^ eelr ^ hr "is and look di · Hoehapsinnung mn 4tr!" Eelyehre 125 the Fennwert of 5 Vf niherfc »Si · legel-

125 works enelogly to a llemius and compensates for the read not vorgewtolteii Ttrinierung »with the hoohopension on the supply line 52 which mn the Hoohspmramngaiirtlhler 139 were predicted

ORIGINAL BATHROOM 909832 / 06U

15143U

If the high tension selector 139 "af a new high-tension value is set up in the area of the bevel tube (2.5-7.5 IcT)", the validation controller 145 controls the conical roller 125 in such a way that the suction tension changes and thereby the selected high voltage will be maintained. »Υβηα the * organically selected temperature change of the high voltage across the Sinotellbereioh of the Rogelroiare 125 (2.5-7.5 ic ¥) goes, the l * g» 13crei · 15ü for the liochapanmiag actuates the ant * ieo 38 for the voltage regulator, so DAT dia liewgliühe tap 35 adjusted tmd characterized the high-voltage "uf a value in the liälie the gowählton aoonapeniiuntS country within dea üinßtellbereioha the logaxröhr" is gebraaM 125, I & Q äagelröhre 12 ^ teewirJct then the auaitaliohe? erstQllmig ₉ necessary _v ma attached to The X-ray device is lying *. Increase the high voltage to the selected value.

YsraUidQiimgen des Stroiaa in the JEBntgen-

made with the help of the ScliwaciuBtroamänlera 195 * light

On the edge of the river in the Höntgenröiir corrected by the ScIiWÄClistram StaMliaierungsitreis 2ΰΟ « WQim is not provided for f # rgnd «ntng of the current in the x-ray tube, imteraoheidst see the tapped one; Spamuing, which is present at the Soiiwaciistrom-ilSähl ^ resistance 196 and an the base of transistor Q27 is applied »from the constant Beamgvoltage at the base of the transistor Q2G in dam Soharaoh-Btrom-istabilisieraa ^ aicrsis 200 · This difference is rerstgrlct and applied to the base of transistor Q28 so that the Krtie 213 riit changeable inpedans and those in the se-

of the Sranafonaator 204 transmitted

90 9 8 3 2/0614 βΑΟ

15Η3Ή

is effectively changed »The change in the transmitted impedance in the transformer 204 changes the current intensity in the filament feed line 79 and thus the filament current of the X-ray tube 43 'so that the current in the X-ray tube circuit automatically adjusts to the value selected on the low-voltage flow resistor 196 is set.

A change in the strength of the current in the X-ray tube circuit also causes a change in the high voltage applied to the X-ray tube, among other things. because the transformer 42 has a certain has ohmic resistance and because as a result of a poor coupling in the high-voltage transformer 42 and the presence of series resistors in the circuit one change in inductances takes place. Those changes to the X-ray tube lying voltage, which can be traced back to changes in the current strength, are of the control tube 125 in the same Way compensated like other voltage changes. Üe lie · Low circuit arrangement therefore causes a compensation of load and network-related changes in the high voltage applied to the X-ray tube,

If in the operation of the circuit arrangement on the X-ray tube 43 lying high voltage exceeds certain limits or determined the strength of the current in the X-ray tube circuit Exceeds limits, the high-voltage safety circuit 118 or the SöhwachBtrom safety circuit 117 is effective, so that to the base of transistor · Q3 in the control circuit 108 for the radiation protection coil «in negative trigger pulse β is applied, Daduroh becomes the radiation contactor coil 103 de-energized and the system 20 switched off. If the ax is you

898832/0614 _BAD

* ⁴⁹ * 15H3H

Impedanaröhr · 125 lying voltage exceeds certain limits, also gives the impedance tube safety Bkröis 116 one negative trigger pulse to the base of the Tranaistora Q3 in the control circuit 106 for the radiation protection coil from »so that the circuit 108 the current flow in the radiation support coil 103 finished.

When the control circuit 108 for the irradiation resistor receives such a negative trigger pulse from the Ausohalter 110, the irradiation time limiter 111 or the safety circuits 116, 118, the emitter of the transistor Q2 outputs a positive pulse to the control circuit for the high voltage via the conductor 190, so that the coil 98 of the voltage reduction relay is switched on. As a result, the drive motor of the voltage regulator 38 is operated in such a way that the tap is generally moved to the position which corresponds to the zero voltage, so that there is no voltage on the high-voltage transformer when the circuit arrangement is switched off. Circuit arrangement 270 with two X-ray tubes

7 shows a circuit arrangement 270 with two X-ray tubes. This circuit arrangement corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1, but has two feed circuits for the X-ray tubes and two steerers scarfs 271 »272 for tension and amperage.

In the circuit arrangement 270 with two X-ray tubes the secondary terminals 5I ₁ 54 are of the Hoohspannungstransformatore 42 via the rectifier 53 »56 and Strombegrenzungewiderstexi" ■ de 74 »74 * connected to the Hoohspannungszuleltungen 52, 52 *. Up to secondary class «a« n 47 »48» ind via a high voltage »

Ö0 98 3 2/0 6 14

15H3U

capacitor 58, 53 * connected to the supply lines 52, 52 *. Every the high voltage supply line 52, 52 »therefore applies to the corresponding X-ray tube 43 or 43 * the full, half-way-glide-oxohtete Ilöclispaiinung an ·

The anodes 12o, 126 »of the regulating tubes 125, 125 * aind each with a conductor 50, 50 »with the secondary clusters 4o, 47 dos transformer connected. The conductors 131, 131 * of the RUoIckopplungakreiac To compensate for the ripple, connect the capacitors 129, 129 * to the grids 128, 123 »of the control tubes 125, 125 * and the high-voltage surge lines 52, 52 *. Each üegelröhrs 125, 125 * ensures that the assigned X-ray tube 43 or 43 * an essentially pure direct voltage is created.

In the control circuits 271, 272, the current in each X-ray tube 43, 43 * is controlled by a low-voltage current selector resistor 196, 19-1 '. Each of the control circuits 271, 272 for the X-ray tubes also has its own 3Qh \ 7achetrora stabilization circuit 200, 200 · and a separate Sch ^ aohstroia safety circuit 117, 117 ·· The Sohvraohdtrom-atabilieierun ^ scircuits 20ü, 200 * and the weak electricity circuit 117, 117 * are identical and work exactly like the Solwachstron-iJtabilisierunßB-Kreis 200 bsw «der . Sohwachstrom-aioherheits circuit of Figure 5 · ALe Sohwaohstroni-Stabllisierungskreise 2uo ₀₂₀₀ "will sustain a difference between dan chosen for the X-ray tube current levels in 'each Hönt £ enröhre a constant stream upright" the high *-voltage - \ / ählwiderstMnde 139 , 139 * are mechanically coupled to each other (this is indicated by the triohled line 273),

8 3 2/0614 BAD orighnal

15U3U

so that by adjusting the selector 139 the other also Selector 139 · is adjusted and on both X-ray tubes 43 »43 * the same high voltage. Since the current strength by means of the W'ählwi of the stands 196, 196 »set individually for each X-ray tube while the same high voltage is set for both X-ray tubes by means of the coupled selection resistors 139 »139 ' both X-ray tube circles work on the same liochspannungapegel, while the currents are different can·

Each of the control circuits 271 »272 also has its own high voltage stabilization circuit 145, 145 and one own low voltage safety circuit 118 »118», which is included in their Mode of operation of the high-voltage stabilization circuit 145 or correspond to the hole voltage safety circuit 118 of the Pig 3 Preferably 3ihd the load voltages of 9 V in the high-voltage stabilization circuits 145 »145 * for both control circuits 271, 272 connected to each other to ensure» that the same constant reference voltage in both stabilization circles is used. If both X-ray tubes work at the same high voltage level, there is only one coarse control loop 150 required for the high voltage, which is connected via a conductor 151 to the anode of the control tube 125, so that it is at Changes in the high voltage level will take effect over the Setting limits of the control tube 125 go out, and then the Drive motor 38 of the adjustable voltage regulator operated so that the high voltage level is within the adjustment range of the control tubes 125 »125 * is returned.

In the control circuit 272 for the second X-ray tube

90 9 8 3 2 / Q6 U BAD ORIQlNAL

A conductor 151 * of the circuit for measuring the voltage on the control tube is led from the anode of the control tube 125 'to the emitter of a pnp transistor Q38 in the control tube safety circuit 116. According to FIG. 2, the collector of the Tranuietore Q38 is connected to the base of a pnp transistor Q39. The base of i'raneiotorE Q38 is grounded. The base of transistor Q39 is connected through resistor 275 and conductor 176 to a source of -18 volts. The collector of the transistor q39 is connected to a source of -30 V and its emitter is connected to an earth point 277 via a resistor * 278. A change in the voltage on the control tube 125 * causes a corresponding change in the bias voltage at the base of the transistor Q39 and thus a corresponding change in the conductivity of the emitter-collector circuit of this transistor and, as a result, a corresponding change in the current in the resistor 278. The voltage across resistor 278 is therefore directly related to a change in voltage * n of control tube 125 *. The change in the voltage at the resistor 273 is used by means of a Sohwachetrom correction circuit 217 to correct the current in the conductor 50 'to compensate for the current au, which is taken from the circuit of the X-ray tube via the conductor 151 ^f dea measuring circuit ff ir the control tube voltage will"

a low-current correction circuit 217, 217 is provided for the X-ray tubes 43, 43 · iat Ji. The circles are related to dint. 6 roped circle identical. The conductor 220 · carrying the current Ir to the lorrektürkreii Ml? ¹ and thus the circle of the X-ray tube 43, let with in the conductor 279 between the

Resistor 278 and the emitter of transistor Q39 in the Segol tube safety breakout 116 · Since the voltage across resistor 278 increases proportionally to the voltage fluctuation on the control tube 125 · changed, flows in the conductor 220 · «in Current Ir · which is identical to the current 'Ir in conductor 220. When the current Ir is drained by the constant current If sub, that the constant current source 222 generates is the resultant The current is exactly the same as the current flowing through the conductor 151 'to the X-ray tube circuit taken, plus the fault current Ie,

The control tube safety circuit 116 also has a tranaistor Q40, the base of which is through a resistor 280 with. connected to the emitter of transistor Q39 * When the on the Hegelrülire 125 »read voltage t over the permissible limit, for example 10 kV, increases, is at the emitter dee Transistor Q39 has such a voltage that the npn transistor Q40 is reversed and conductive and via the conductor 115 a negative trigger pulse applies to the base of transistor Q3. This becomes conductive and sets the flip-plop control circuit 108 for the contactor coil back to the blocked state, in which the transistor Q2 conducts and the transistor vj1 blocked is, so that the coil 103 is de-energized and the circuit arrangement 270 is switched off. The outputs of all safety circuits 117t 117 », 118, 118 · are each through a ladder 245, 245 ·, '236, 236» connected via the conductor 238 to the conductor 11.5 and give a negative trigger pulse to the base of transistor Q3 in the Control circuit for the ventilation contactor coil, so that with a Overcurrent or an overvoltage in the circuit arrangement 270 is turned off.

9098 32/06 1 U

BAD ORlQWAL

" ⁵⁴ ~ 15H3U

In the present circuit arrangement with two X-ray tubes, the current in each X-ray tube can be set individually, despite the operation of each X-ray tube with half-way rectified high voltage, and the supply circuits for each X-ray tube can be provided with a high-voltage filter capacitor 58, 58 *, which controls the pulsating, Half-way rectified high voltage that is generated by the secondary windings 47 »43 and the rectifiers 53» 5o. This takes place without unstable oscillation states being generated in the X-ray tube circles themselves. Furthermore, one cannot only use a high voltage filter capacitor 58 or 58 * in each X-ray tube circuit, but it is with the help of the üegelröhren 125, 125 * also possible to adjust the waviness of the X-ray tubes 43, 43 * essentially eliminate the DC voltage applied.

Preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in considerable detail above, but they are only illustrative AusfUhrungsbeispiele the invention are within the scope of the invention in the construction details and the combination and the arrangement of the parts can be changed in many points

909832/0614

Claims (1)

Claims ι 1. Circuit arrangement with or for an X-ray tube, characterized by a voltage source (51 »54), a circuit (52, 55) which connects the voltage source of the X-ray tube (43) in order to apply a supply voltage to it, a voltage regulator (125 )> which is connected to the voltage source with opposite polarity, so that the supply voltage is equal to the voltage of the voltage source minus the opposite polarity ββη voltage, and a control device (129, 130 1313 “which is connected to the circuit and the voltage regulator and the opposite polarity voltage accordingly changes in the voltage of the voltage source so that the supply voltage is essentially without ripple. 2 · Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage source has an AC voltage input (51, 54) and a rectifying device (53, 56) for Having rectifying the AC voltage with the circuit (52, 55) a capacitor (58) for sieving the rectified AC voltage is connected, and the control device (129, 13u, 131) with the circuit (52, 55) between the stop the capacitor (53) and the X-ray tube (43) is connected. 3 · Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the voltage regulator has a device (125) has ton of variable impedance. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2 or 3 »thereby marked that the voltage regulator has a regulating tube (125) which has a control grid (128) to which the control device (129, 130, 131) is connected. ~ ⁵⁶ - 15H3U 5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the control device (129 »130» 131) has a Has capacitor (129) connected to the control grid (128) a Bias voltage applies «which corresponds to the ripple-related fluctuations of the rectified and filtered alternating voltage, so that the voltage on the control tube (125) is counterbalanced to the fluctuations caused by the waves and compensates for them. 6. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a second control device (143) »which is connected to the circuit (52) and the voltage regulator (125) and the level of the opposite polarity voltage at the output of the voltage regulator changed in the opposite direction to non-preselected changes in the level of the supply voltage 7. Circuit arrangement according to claim 6 »characterized by a 3voltage coarse regulator (150) connected to the circuit (52, 55) and the voltage regulator (125) is connected, and on Changes in the level of the opposite polarity voltage responds, if this exceeds or falls below a predetermined adjustment range, the voltage coarse regulator (150) adjusting the level of the Supply voltage changed so that the level of the required opposite polarity voltage is returned to the predetermined setting range, so that the voltage large regulator (150) a Coarse compensation of non-preselected changes in the supply voltage level and the second control device (145) one Fine compensation of non-preselected changes in the supply voltage ep egel β causes. 8. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized by a circuit (52 »55) for switching on the Höntgen tube (43) 909832/0614 15143U to the electrical voltage source (51 »54), an eioiehrlchtelnrlehtung (53» 56) which is switched on in the circuit (52, 55) between the electrical voltage source and the X-ray tube and a rectified voltage is applied to the X-ray tube, a capacitor which is connected between the X-ray tube (43) and the rectifier (53 »56) with the circuit (52, 55) and sieves the rectified voltage applied to the X-ray tube, a voltage regulator (125) with an anode (126), a cathode (127) and a control electrode (128) which controls the impedance between cathode and anode, the Circuit (52, 55) connects the anode (126) and the cathode (127) to the X-ray tube (via 50) that the voltage between the anode (126) and cathode (127) are of opposite polarity to the rectified voltage, and a feedback circuit (129, 130), the one with the control electrode (128) and the circuit (52, 55) is connected between the connection point of the capacitor (58) and the X-ray tube and the impedance between the cathode (127) and the anode (126) changed in accordance with the wavy conditions of fluctuations in the rectified and screened voltage so that the voltage applied to the voltage regulator (125), the polarity of which is opposite to the rectified voltage fluctuates, that the rectified DC voltage ta applied to the X-ray tube is essentially free of ripples 9. Circuit arrangement naoh claim 1, to apply and maintaining a selected voltage level, the sound of a power source is diverted to the X-ray tube, marked by a high voltage line (52) stan applying a supply voltage to the X-ray tube (43), one 909832 / 06U 15143H Circuit, which · the supply line (52) with the Wechaelatromquelle connects and Gleiehriohtmittel (53, 56) which generate a rectified voltage, A as well as capacitive means (53) for aiebon the rectified voltage, a voltage regulator (125) connected to the circuit (53, 56) and the X-ray tube (43) connected in such a way that the voltage applied to the voltage regulator (125) corresponds to that generated by the circuit (53, 56), rectified voltage is opposite in polarity, the voltage regulator (125) having control means (128) which serve to control the to change the voltage applied to the voltage regulator within fixed limits, a Weohseletrom ^ feedback circuit (129, 130), which is connected to the supply line (52) and the control means (128) and serves to change the polarity opposite voltage according to the ripple-related fluctuations in the rectified and filtered voltage in such a way that the X-ray tube (43) applied supply voltage is free of such fluctuations, and a supply voltage device (145) with an input connected to the BüntgenxShre (142) and one with the control means »(128) d ·· voltage regulator ver» bundon output (147), this measuring device being used dl · applied to dl · X-ray tube «to measure the supply voltage and to apply a control signal to the control means (123) of the voltage regulator (125), which, in the event of a non-preselected change in the Supply voltage level versus a predetermined voltage changes the level of the opposite polarity voltage so that at the X-ray tube the predetermined voltage is maintained 10 * Circuit arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that a voltage selector (25) is provided, des- 909832 / 06H ~ ⁵⁹ ~ 15143U eea voltage input (23 * 24) for connection to an alternating current source (/) is determined and the control device (38, 35) to set the voltage level sun the voltage output do ε öpaiinunsswählers is provided, this voltage output with the circuit (53, 56) is connected, the voltage regulator is designed as an opannuiigs subtraction device (125) and switched in this way iat that a voltage appearing at its output from the rectified voltage generated by the circuit (53, 56) is generated, is subtracted, the measuring device (13 * 3, 145) is suitable * via the üpaiinunge subtraction device Subtraction voltage within a predetermined adjustment range to change, and a voltage control (150) is provided, the input (151, 220) of the Spaimungs-subtraction device (125) in parallel and their output (152 »153) connected to the adjusting device (33, 35) of the voltage selector (25) 1st and when the limits of the predetermined singing subrange are exceeded by the level of the opposing polarity Voltage actuated the adjusting device (33, 35) of the voltage selector so that its output voltage is changed that the opposite polarity voltage is back in the predetermined Adjustment range is returned. 11 · Circuit arrangement according to claim 10, characterized by a measuring device (196) for the current of the X-ray tube, which measuring device with the Sohalt (53, 56) and the Voltage subtraction element (125) is connected, and one Amperage correction circles (217) »the one with the measuring device (196) for the current in the X-ray tube and this Current to compensate the current in the measuring device (135 * 145) 909832/0614 - ■ 60- 15U3U for the supply voltage and the current in the input (151 * 220) of the Spam rate (150) corrected 12. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 »zvm applying egg-ier DC voltage, which is derived from a Wecheelspannunssquelle» to a X-ray tube, characterized by an Aufw ^; 'rts high-voltage transformer (42) with a primary winding (44) connected to the voltage source (V), a high-voltage secondary circuit (45, 46) with two output terminals and a central connection (47 # 48) between the two output terminals, a conductor (50), which is connected to the central tapping (47 »48) on one volume and grounded on the other, a high voltage lead (52) which is connected to the two output terminals and is used to apply a high voltage to the X-ray tube (43) »A two rectifiers (53,56), which are each connected to one of the two output terminals and the high-voltage lead (52) and apply a fully directional and light-directional voltage to the X-ray tube (43), a capacitive sieve circlet (53,53)» which is connected to the High-voltage lead (52) and is connected to the Brdleiter (50) in the vicinity of the center tap (47, 43), a voltage subtraction device (125) which is switched on in the earth conductor (50) and its anode (126) and cathode e (127) are connected in series with the X-ray tube (43) so that the voltage on the voltage subtraction device (125) is subtracted from the voltage on the secondary winding ( 45, 46) of the high-voltage transformer (42), the voltage Subtraction device (125) has a control element (128) for controlling the subtraction voltage, an AC feedback circuit (129, 130) with a capacitor (129), 90 9832/06-U. _BATH ORIGINAL »■ 61 ■ - 15143U which is connected to the Hochapannuncsauleiiiing (52) and the control element (123) in such a way that the voltage at the subtraction unit (125) changes according to ripple-related fluctuations in the negative high-voltage potential on the high-voltage supply line, an impedance-variable current selector (195), which in the Brdleiter (50) between the voltage subtraction device $ 125) and an ürdpotentialpunkt (49) is switched on and its impedance can be changed via the optional setting of the current intensity in the circuit of the X-ray tube, ) is connected and this filament feeds a feed current, a Stabilisierungakreia (200) for the Hönt- ^ enröhrenstrom »where this Kr ei a (200) is connected to the Heizspanmmga feed circuit (72) and the Strometärkewähler (196) is held in parallel and dependent of the voltage reading at the amperage selector 1 the H eissapannungs-Spöisekröia (72) ao controls that in the event of a decrease or increase in the current in the circuit of the X-ray tube near the filament "the current supplied to the filament is so amplified or weakened" that a preselected current is maintained in the circuit of the X-ray tube "a keßkreia (135) for H8nig # nr8hrenspannung »which the Raatgenröhre (43) parallalgGschaltet let and has a inpedanzveränderlichen Hochspannungswähltr (139), and a Hochspannungb-stabilizing circuit (145) having an input" which Ami Hochspannungewähler (139) par & ll »lg03chaltet, and an output ( 147) · the one with the control element (128) the device (125) is connected, the Hochspaßnunge-Stebili- 909832/0614 BATH ORIGINAL 15143U oierungskreis (145) in the event of an increase or decrease in the an of the arch tube lying high voltage compared to a predetermined Level the bias on the control element (128) of the Öpannutiga-Subtralitionaeiiiriclitun, ^ (125) changed so that the Voltage at the voltage subtraction device (125) is thus increased or is reduced that the supply voltage to the X-ray tube (43) is held at the predetermined level. 13. Circuit arrangement according to claim 12, characterized through a current intensity correction! (21?), The swiaclien the current selector (1) 6) and the secondary winding (45.4t>) with the earth conductor (30) is connected to the current strength in the Corrected the earth conductor (50) so that the current in the measuring circuit (135) for the Jöiit ^ enröhrensspannung is compensated and in the Ötromstgrkewähler (196) the current of the Höntgen tube (O) flows. 14 · circuit arrangement _t '; according to inopnich 12, characterized by a voltage selector (25) which emits a V / Uhlepulc (34) # iäingangsklemmen (23 _f 24) aura parallel connection of the coil (34) with the AC voltage source (V), a first output terminal, the with one end of the coil (34) is connected, and a movable second, lusgangoklemme (35) »which is adjustable between the ends of the coil (34), the primary winding (44) of the high voltage transformer; 42) with the output terminals of the voltage selector (25) is connected to a drive motor (33) for the voltage selector (25) each with a winding (83, 84) for the forward and reverse rotation and a rotor (37) which, when the winding (33) is excited, for the Forward rotation Torwlrtsgedreat and when the winding (34) is excited for the Bückwärtsdrreaung is rotated backwards 909832/06 U BAD ORIGINAL binding (3S) 'between the runner (37) and the movable off " rKae (35) »in this way, at Srresune of the winding (33) for the forward rotation üex · Lgufer (37) the movable output · (3 - !; ·) iiü üinue of an i» rhöfcmi £; the tension of the harvest sklei3rri £ we ", feewest and hot an excitation of the winding for the * Eucksi-fir te rotation; the runner (37) the movable Auegangsklesiic (35) in the sense of a -iierabeetfiUns; the Sparnuiv. au the first iiinbewofjt, and Torau ^ Bweise one -outes "ßin ^ me, (15t, i-2O) des üpaiinun ^ litnim (125) and its perRllelgeechaltet From ^ anc (152,153) -lit the two Viicklungen '(- 33 * 34) and the ^ verbtmden the iäubtraktiorisapannung, tiber a first vorbestimate ■ at a .MBtLe; _f ro.a ^ B {> a: iriitii; 2 the widtlttiJi (H3) for the VQi ¹ wrt rotation and for üi-iQuäinien dei * Spa.unuris \ mter a further predetermined oreaz ---. öpannmii ·; dio fficlclun »; Crrenfjapanntingen called for üficIowärtedrehuTi "· excited" woaiii dio (34) eiiien J3inatellb0i "verifiable be ^ pension ■ Jouey in de.. And the Spiimuiigs-Subtraictioiiseinriclitim: (125) mm Hal- t-3ii the Speieeaparmuns to your vorbeatiraniten Peiel What is effective is the Spanish subtraction system; (125) Changes de3 .Sp '& isespaixQun ^ ape ^ elB. within the adjustment range and the i ».panau4gastöuerlcreia (150) alteration of the supply voltage tape · -:; ol3 outside the adjustment range compensated · 15, circuit arrangement according to claim 14 »sekennaeich-. lüt by a StroTietgräe correction circle (2t7), ö.er zwiechen 5 <52i dtromst ^ rkewEhlsr- (19S) and iSinganc; (157) of the voltage control (150) with the earth conductor (5> J). is and the otroifl strength in the otromstarkewMliler (136) so that dsr Jtro: i ii-i ■ measuring circles (135) for the X-ray tube voltage and 9098 32/06 U the current in the input (151,220) of the voltage control circuit (150) are compensated and in the Strorastärkewählör (19δ) the actual current the X-ray tube (43) flows. 16. Circuit arrangement according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that in the ground conductor (50) between the ytromatärke correction circuit (217) and the earthed end of the conductor means (197) for measuring and displaying the amperage switched on 1st 17. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 14 to 1b, characterized by a switching device (103, 104) which iiwiaciien the input terminals. (23,24) of the spamming selector (25) and the alternating voltage source (?) Is switched on, a control device (108) which is connected to the switching device (103, 104) and which optionally see a single switching position in which the selector coil ( 34) the alternating voltage source (?) Is connected in parallel, and a switch-off position in which the selector coil (34) is disconnected from the alternating voltage source (V) is actuated, depending on the input and output switching signals of the control device, and a circuit which connects an output of the control device to an additional input (190) of the voltage control circuit (150) in order to apply a control signal to the latter when a switch-off signal is applied to the input of the control device, depending on This control signal of the voltage control circuit (150) excites the winding (84) for reverse rotation so that the voltage applied to the X-ray tube (43) is essentially applied is set. 18. Circuit arrangement for creating a selected one 9098 3 2 / 06U BATH ORIGINAL " ⁶⁵ " 15H3H Feed voltage level, which is derived from a voltage source, to an arching tube and sum maintenance of this level, characterized by an X-ray tube (43), a high-voltage supply line (52) which is connected to the X-ray tube and applies a supply voltage to it, .eine Slialtuü ^ (42,33,56), which baffles the supply line - if the voltage source is used, a ^ unpaired ^ ler (125), which is connected to the circuit (42,53,56) and the X-ray tube (43) in such a way that the , m the voltage regulator (125) appearing voltage to that of the opaiinungsquel-Io (42,53,56) to the supply line asM $ ele ^ ten Spaiumii ^ iat opposite polarity, nrobei the voltage regulator (125) a control means (12B) for changing the on don Spannareglöi * ersoheiaeüden öpannunf, between fixed boundaries u ^ id olnen Syinnungswähl- · and -inaSkreis (135) »wol-cher der Höntgenröhre (43) connected in parallel iat and oine iiapedanisverändörliolie - Jiinrio} ituü & (139) owns, 19. Circuit arrangement r.acli claim 18, * characterized by a-stress stabilizer (145) »ieaööii iäingaug (146) of the variable impedance signaling (133) and deaaen Aua; sang (147) with the control means (123) of the voltage regulator (125) connected i ^ t and the elaen direct initial amplifier (Q4-Q7), the one with the installation (145) of the voltage stabilizer and a point (234) of a predetermined reference stretch connected and at. a Tifferens swischon the predetermined reference voltage and the voltage at the variable impedance Direction (139) ei »difference spaii: iuiigaaigßal erzenst and Via the exit (147) of the Spanmuigsstabiliaatore (145) the control medium (123) of the voltage regulator (125) BATH 909832/0614 ~ ⁶⁶ "15H3U sets so that the level of the polarity opposite the voltage compared to the from the voltage source (51 * 54) applied to the supply line (52) Voltage and thus the supply voltage is changed until the (voltage at the variable impedance device (139) is equal to the predetermined reference voltage. 20. Circuit arrangement according to claim 18 or 19 » characterized by a voltage selector (25) whose voltage « input (23,24) with the voltage source (V) and its voltage output is connected to the supply line (52) and one setting device (30, 35) is used to set the voltage level at the voltage output possesses, and a voltage control (150), the input (151) of the voltage regulator (125) parallel ^ and switches Output (152,153) is connected to the adjusting device (38,3D) of the voltage selector (25) and which is activated when the level changes the opposite polarity voltage changes the voltage level at the voltage output outside a predetermined setting range, until the opposite polarity voltage is again in the specified unit range 21. Circuit arrangement with an X-ray tube, characterized by a voltage selector (25), whose input (23,24) is connected to a voltage source (V) and the output of which is connected to the X-ray tube (43) in order to supply a supply voltage to it to apply, and the one adjusting device (33,35) for setting of the supply voltage supply at the output, a switching device (103,104) t between the input (23,24) of the voltage selector and the voltage source (V) is switched on and is used, depending on JSin and Ausschaltelgnalen, the be applied to an input of the switching device, the input 909832 / 06U BATH ORIGINAL 15143H gear (23.24) of the spa adjustment selector (25) to the voltage source (V) to connect or · to separate from it »one with the X-ray tube (43) unidirectional device (33,35) of the voltage selector (25) connected, first control device (150) which, when the temperature applied to the X-ray tube (43) changes! Tension the actuator (38,35) causes the supply voltage to be changed in such a way that a predetermined supply voltage is maintained on the X-ray tube is, and a second control device (108), the rait of the switching device (103,104) and the actuating device (38,35) of the voltage selector (25) is connected and the The supply voltage is reduced considerably when connected to the input of the Switching device (103, 104) a switch-off signal is applied. 22. Circuit arrangement with an X-ray tube, characterized by a voltage selector (25) with an input (23,24) for connection to a voltage source (V), an output for delivering an output voltage and a control (38) for Change in the level of the output voltage, a circuit (42, 53,56), which connects the output of the voltage selector® (25) with the X-ray tube (43) connects and applies a supply voltage to it, a voltage subtraction device (125) which is connected to the circuit (42,53,56) and the X-ray tube (43) and from the output voltage at the output of the voltage selector (25) Voltage subtracted so that the supply voltage fed to the X-ray tube (43) is equal to the output voltage minus the subtraction voltage, the voltage subtraction unit (125) a control means (128) for adjusting the level of the Has a subtraction voltage, a first voltage control (145), with the X-ray tube and the control means (128) of the voltage 909832/0614 _ ■ BAD ORIQINAL - 15H3H SubtraietioiiaeinriCiitans (125) is connected and with an increase or decrease in the supply voltage applied to the X-ray tube (43) the subtraction voltage increases or decreases so that the supply voltage on the X-ray tube is kept at a predetermined value »and an av / eite Jpannmigsateuerung (150) »Dio is connected to the adjusting device (33,35) of the voltage variator (25) and the Spaiinungo-SulitraktionQoinriciitiinc (125) and reduces the voltage appearing at the output of the voltage selector B (25) in the event of a sun or decrease in the iJubtraictionsspaiinung outside of its predetermined range of the subtralction voltage hüvt, ör3icjlit. 23 · ^ ■ öehsltuii sanordnung naeli Aiispruck 13 or 19 # selcennsöichnet characterized "in that the circuit (42,53,36) comprises a Spannmit.ßwähler (25), connected desoen Spannungßeingai ^ (23 _f 24) With the öpanroiiigsqualle (Y) and whose voltage input with äcx * feed line (52) and dox 'voltage on the clamping · non ^ sregler (125) against poli _f "and a Stelleinriehtung (3S, 35), the sun setting the voltage level at the Spannungsauagang serves that the control means (128) of the voltage regulator (125) let suitable to change the voltage appearing at this within a predetermined voltage range lying between fixed limits, and that a voltage control circuit (145) is provided which is connected to the voltage selection and measuring circuit (135) and the control means (125) of the voltage regulator (125) and changes the level of the mutually polarized voltage in a certain voltage range so that the supply voltage to the X-ray tube (43) is preselected in fourth, and voltage control means (150) which includes 9098 3 2/06 14 BAD ORäöJNAL ■■ '■■■ · 69 - a differential circuit (158) with a separator input (151 V which is connected in parallel to the voltage regulator (125) and the Direction of a change in the level of the opposite polarity voltage detects a control input (163) and an output (152 * 153) the one with the adjusting device (38,35) of the voltage selector (25) connected iat and during the application of a control signal the control input (168) the level of the opposite polarity voltage in which changes the direction indicated by the voltage measuring input (151), furthermore a circuit (159) with an input (170) for receiving switch-on and switch-off trigger signals. and one Output which is connected to the control input (168) and a control signal is applied to these when a switch-on signal is applied to the input (170) of the circuit (159), and interrupts the control signal when the input (170) of the Circuit (159) a switch-off signal is applied, a first voltage range determination circuit (160), the input of which (175) connected in parallel to the voltage regulator (1.25) and its output (178) connected to the input (170) of the circuit (159) and the input of the circuit is a switch on « Tripping signal is applied when the voltage at the voltage regulator (125) falls below or exceeds the predetermined voltage range, and a second voltage range determination circuit (161), the input (182) of which is held in parallel with the voltage regulator (125) and deseen output (185) to the input (170) of the circuit (153) is connected to the input of the circuit an off-switching Aualönesignal anlogt if the level of the opposite polarity Voltage returns to the predetermined voltage range. 25 »Circuit arrangement according to claim 24, characterized in that 9098 32/06 14. " ⁷⁰ " 15H3U indicates that the second voltage range determination is Circular (16t) the switch-off signal to the input (170) of the circuit (153) applies when the level of the opposite polarity voltage is in substantially in the middle of the predetermined voltage range is located 26. Circuit arrangement according to claim 25, characterized in that that the circuit (159) is a lip-riop circuit is, 27 · Circuit arrangement according to claim 14 »characterized in that the voltage control circuit (150) comprises a first and an additional relay (9-j, -) 2) which excite the winding (03,34) for the forward or uückwartadrehung control, and which have each a coil (97,98), the az sin a Linde connected to a dnergiaquelle. , each relay causing the arranged winding (33,34) to be excited, if its coil (97,98) is connected in parallel to the energy source, furthermore a differential amplifier (153) with a first and a second transistor (QH, .β) whose emitter ^ it eiue ^ i switching conductor (168) are connected, the collector of the first 'üransistorB (q11) with the coil (97) of the first heater (90) and the collector of the second iransistoroiW3) with the coil (98) of the second Heiais (92) is connected, the base of one transistor (^ β) receives a constant reference signal, the base of the other ÜJransiators (* 1t) of the voltage subtraction device (125) is connected and receives a tapped voltage signal from it, the transistors (g3 _t y11) are arranged so that the second transistor (y8) is more conductive than the first (Q11) when the tapped voltage signal is greater than that 9098 32 / 06U ~ ⁿ ~ 15143H Reference signal * let the first transistor (Q11) conduct more strongly than the second (Q8) 98) to excite when the switching conductor (168) is connected to the energy source in such a way that the coil of the energy source is clamped in parallel, a circuit (159) with an input (t? O) for receiving switch-on and switch-off triggers and ei An output which is connected to the switching conductor (168) and connects it to the energy source when a switch-on signal is sent to the input (170) of the circuit (159) and the switching conductor (168) disconnects from the energy source, if an off signal reads at the input (170), a first voltage circuit (16O), the input (175) of which is connected in parallel to the voltage subtraction device (125) and receives the tapped alarm signal and its output ; (178) of the circuit (159) is connected and which applies a switch-on trigger signal to the input of the circuit when the tapped span * · now ^ falls below or above the predetermined voltage range, and a second voltage measuring circuit (161) whose input ( 132) receives the tapped output signal and whose output (185) is connected to the input (170) of the circuit (159) and which applies a switch-off trigger signal to the input of the switching circuit when the tapped output signal is back in the predetermined voltage range, see above that the winding (84) is excited for the reverse rotation when the tapped voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage range and the winding (83) is excited for the forward rotation, 9098 32/06 14 BADORIQiNAL ~ ⁷² ~ 15143U when the tapped voltage is within the predetermined voltage range falls below the limits of the predetermined range of the tapped voltage correspond to a JSinetell range in which the voltage Jubtraktioneeinrichtuag (125) the supply voltage can hold at the preselected level «the voltages-subtract- ' tiona device (125) changes in the sweep of the supply voltage compensated within the setting range and the voltage " control circuit changes in the sweep of the supply voltage outside of the setting range compensated 28. Circuit arrangement sum optionally holding and switching off a control element »characterized by a circuit (159) with an input (170) for receiving switch-on and shutdown trigger signals and an output (168) for connection to the control element (38), ao that this is switched on when a switch-on trigger signal is applied to the input (170), and the control element (33) is switched off when a switch-on trigger signal is applied to the input (170), a first comparison circuit (160) an input (175) and an output (173) which is connected to the input (170) of the circuit (159) and applies a switch-on trigger signal to the input of the circuit when the input (175) of the first comparison circuit (160 ) a tapped voltage signal with a first predetermined amplitude is applied, and a second comparison circuit (161) with an input (1Θ2) and an output (135) connected to the input (170) of the switching circuit (159) is connected and a switch-off Auelueesignal is applied to the input of the circuit when a disconnected 9098 32 / 06U :. 73 - 15143U the spam signal used is applied with a second predetermined amplitude »ao that de? first comparative circle (16Q) ' the switching circuit (159) a switch-on trigger pulse for switching on of the control element (38) applies when a voltage signal is tapped with a first predetermined amplitude, and the wide comparison acreia (161) to the input (170) of the circuit (159) applies a switch-off trigger property if the tapped Voltage signal has a second, predetermined amplitude achieved. 29, circuit arrangement, characterized by a first and a second heating element (97 «9B) ₉ which are connected to a conductor of an energy source, a differential amplifier (158) with a first and a wide lranaistor (Q11, Φ), whose grid with a switching conductor (168) are connected, wherein the collector of the first transistor CQiI) is connected to the first relay element (97) and the collector of the second Tranei8tore (Q8) is connected to the second relay element (98), the Bftsis of one transistor (QS) is a constant Receives reference signal, the base of the other Iranaistor (QiI) receives the tapped voltage signal, the transistors (Q8, Q11) are arranged so that the second translator (φ) is more conductive than the first (Q11) »when the tapped voltage signal & al is greater than the reference signal, the first! transistor (^ 11) is more conductive than the second (Qd) when the tapped voltage signal is less than the reference signal and each of the transistors (Q S, Q11) is only conductive enough to excite the corresponding fall relay if the switching relay (168) is connected to the other conductor of the electrical energy quality, and a contact 909832/06 1 k * ⁷⁴ "15143 U Circuit (159) has an input (170) for receiving switch-on and look-out trigger signals and an output that is connected to the switch tleitex »(163) is connected and connects it to the power source when at the input (170) of the circuit (159) there is a switch-on signal, and the switch conductor (168) ▼ on the energy source disconnects when at the input (170) Lookout signal lies. 30 "Circuit arrangement according to claim 29", characterized in that the relay elements (97 * 93) each consist of a relay coil which is connected at one end to the energy source, and that a first voltage circuit (160) Is provided, the input (175) of which is connected in parallel to the voltage subtraction device (125) and the tapped Receives voltage signal and whose output (173) is connected to the input (170) of the circuit (159) and to the Input of the circuit applies a switch-on trigger signal, when the tapped voltage falls below or exceeds a predetermined voltage range, and a second voltage measuring element (161) whose input (132) receives the tapped voltage signal and whose output (185) connects to the input (170) of the Circuit (159) is connected and which applies a switch-off trigger signal to the input of the circuit when the tapped voltage has returned to the predetermined voltage range. 31. Circuit arrangement according to claim 29 »characterized by a second and a third differential amplifier (160 «161), the output of which (178,185) connects to the input (170) of the Circuit · «(159) are connected and each has a first JSIq- 9098 32 / 06U 15143U output (t? 5f182) for receiving the tapped voltage signal and a second input for applying a constant reference signal have, with the second and third differentiates? - »stronger (160,161) at their outputs (178,185) switching trigger pulses generate »if the tapped voltage signal has a falls below or exceeds the predetermined voltage range »and Off-output pulse when the tapped voltage signal has returned to the voltage range, furthermore between the Input (170) of the circuit (159) and the outputs (178, 105) of the second and third ßlfferential amplifier (160,161) A two oppositely polarized diodes (136,188) are switched on in this way are "that only those from the second differential amplifier (160) generated switch-on trigger pulses and the sound The third DlfferentialveretSrker (| 6ΐ) generated switch-off triggering pulses reach the input (170) of the circuit (159). 32 »Circuit arrangement according to claim 31, characterized in that the third differential amplifier (161) generates an Ausachalt-Ausl'dseirapuls when the tapped voltage after its return in && n predetermined voltage range substantially reaches the top of this range. 33. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that the circuit (159) is a plip-flop circuit, 34 · Circuit arrangement with an X-ray tube »characterized by a high-voltage transformer (42) with a primary winding (44) for connection to the voltage source (? i, a secondary winding (45, 46) with two output 9 0 9832/0614 _BAD OBlQWAt " ⁷⁶ ""15143U klemmtη and a central tap (47, 43) between the two output terminals, a ground conductor (50) which is connected to the central tap (47, 48) at one end and earthed at the other end, a high voltage supply (52) that connects to the two Output terminals is connected and is used to apply a high voltage to the X-ray tube (43), two rectifiers (53 »56), which are connected to one of the two output terminals and the high-voltage supply line (52) and to the X-ray tube (43) a full way rectifier Apply voltage, an impedance-variable current regulator (196) which is connected to the brd conductor (50), a current regulator (204) which is connected to the X-ray tube (43) and serves to limit the current flowing through it, a 3trorastärkestabiliaator ( 200X which is connected in parallel to the amperage selector (196) and tied to the amperage regulator and serves to set the tone of the amperage selector (196) in the X-ray tube rom, and a flow correction circuit (217) which is connected between the center tap (47, 43) and the flow switch (196) with the brd conductor (50) and corrects the current in this conductor so that the current in the conductor ( 50) flowing current corresponds to the actual current consumption of the X-ray tube (43). 35 «Circuit arrangement according to claim 34, characterized * that the Strometärkestabillsator (200) a BifferentialTeretärker (201) with two inputs (202,208) and one Output (203) has one of the inputs (202) the StromstMrkewihler (196) is connected in parallel, at the other input (208) a · Torestlxamte reference voltage and the output (203) of the differential amplifier (201) so to the current 909832 / 06U BATH ORIGINAL """" 15143H atärkareglar (204) is connected that when creating the at the voltage appearing at the one of them with the Strom8tärkewa * hlor (196) Input (202) and comparison of this voltage with the reference voltage the differential amplifier to the current regulator (204) such a difference signal emits * that the electricity in the rent- » genröhre is changed, if the ütrometexkGwähler (196) Lying voltage signal see τοπ the predetermined reference spanauög differs. 35 * Circuit arrangement with a Hontgen mixer, marked by a high-voltage transformer (42) with a primary and a secondary winding (44, 45 * 40), a shell (21, 22, 39, 40) to connect the primary winding with a ßpanaungequelle (V), a second circuit -. (50 »5t, 52,54), which connects the Köatgenxöhre (43) of the secondary winding (45» 46) in parallel «, the second circuit being a high current measuring device C 19β) for measuring the current consumption of the X-ray tube, a voltage measuring circuit (135) with a high impedance, which is connected in parallel to the X-ray tube (43) and the voltage applied to it SsIEt ₉ and a current level correction circuit (217), which is connected to the wide signal (50 . 52,54) is fed in, so that d he current in the current intensity measuring direction (196) corresponds to the Ietatromaufnaiime of the Höntgenröhr (43) 37 e circuit arrangement with an Eantgen tube, gtfkennaeichnst by a high voltage atraneforiaator (42) old 909832/0614 ~ ⁷⁸ ~ 15H3U a primary and a secondary winding (44,45,46), a circuit (21 _t 22,39,4O) for connecting the primary winding to a voltage source (V) ₉ an amperage control element (196) for measuring and controlling the current in the X-ray tube (43), a circuit (50,51,52,54) which connects the X-ray tube (43) to one side of the secondary winding (4-5,46) and the current control element (196) with the X-ray tube (43) and the other side of the secondary winding (45,46) connects, and a Stroiaetärke correction circuit (217) ι which is connected to the circuit (50,51,52,54) and the current intensity in the circuit (50,51 , 52,54) corrected so that the current intensity in the control member (196) corresponds to the actual current consumption of the X-ray tube (43). 38. Circuit arrangement according to claim 37, characterized by means of a current strength measuring and anaing instrument (1.97), the n is connected to the current control member (196), wherein the Amperage correction circle (217) in front of the measuring instrument (197) with the circuit (50,51,52,54) is connected so that the measuring instrument shows the actual current in the X-ray tube (43). 39. Amperage correction circuit for delivering a variable correction current from a variable negative Control potential at an electric potential pin point through a feed line (213) for feeding in a correction 3tx oms to the plus potential point (202), a Konetantetroraquel-Ie (222), which is connected to the supply line (218) and a Plus potential source (225) comprises, which has a constant potential that is higher than the potential of the Korrekfcurstroa to feeding funct * a, ao that from the constant current source (222) au the Pluapottntialpunkt (202) «flows in a conatant 3troa, the 9098 32/0814 15U3U The required correction current is stronger, and a variable current consumption circuit (227), which is connected to the supply line (218) at one booth and to the variable mimic potential (175) at the other end, and draws oinon stron from the supply line (218) has such a strength that the constant current, absoglicli the removed stroiaa, corresponds to the required corrective strosa. 40, circuit arrangement according to claim 1, for applying an essentially pure DC voltage, which is derived from a Weea-Golepannunssquslle, to several Höntgen tubes, back-connected by a Uochepaiinungstransformator (42) with a primary winding (44) and two secondary windings * a feed circuit (21, 22) to connect the primary winding (42) with a & v alternating voltage source (V) _t so that a high alternating voltage appears at every secondary winding »3 two lead dips (52 _t 52)» which are each connected to one of the secondary windings and high voltages are applied to the X-ray tubes (43 * 43 *) start-up the directional rectifiers (53,56), which are switched on in each of the directivity lines (52,52 *) and apply voltages that are half-way equal to the Satgenröhren (43f43 '), capacitor means (58,58 *), which with each of the supply lines (52,52 *) are connected and the half-wave rectified voltages seven, two voltage regulators (125,125 *), each with one of the Selamdärwicklungen and with the X-ray tubes (43,43 *) are connected in such a way that the voltages appearing at the regulators (125,125 *) are contripolar to the rectified voltages and those from the leads (52,52 *) are applied to the X-ray tubes (43 »43 *) Voltages equal to the semi-symmetrical voltages apart from those of opposite polarity 909832/06 U ORIGINAL BATHROOM. 15U3H Voltages are » vm & two controls (271,272), which are connected to the supply lines (52,52 ·) and one of the voltage regulators (125,125 ') each and serve to reduce the opposite polarity voltages according to the ripple si) e dietary fluctuations in the half way« rectified voltages after sieving through the capacitor means (58 »58 ·) so that the spet voltages applied to the X-ray tubes (43, 43 ') are essentially free of fluctuations caused by ripples. 41 · Circuit arrangement according to claim 3 ?, characterized by measuring circuits for the X-ray tube voltage, which are each connected in parallel to an X-ray tube (43, 43 *) and each have an impedance-variable high-voltage transducer (139, 133 '), and two control circuits (145, 145 *) for stabilizing the high voltage, with inputs that are each connected in parallel to one of the leakage circuits (133, 139 '), and outputs that are connected to the voltage regulator (125 * 125 *) assigned to each of these control circuits (145, 145') to stabilize the high voltage In the event of an increase or decrease in the high voltage applied to the associated X-ray tube 43 «43 * J, the associated voltage regulator (125-125 *) is adjusted in such a way that the voltage applied to this voltage regulator is increased or decreased so that the voltage applied to the associated X-ray tube (43 * 43 *) applied voltage is kept at the preselected level * 42 * X-ray apparatus for applying equals: voltages » that are derived from a backup voltage source to several X-ray tube »characterized by a voltage selector (25) with a dial resistor aspulo (34) »Bingangskleiainen (23 # 24) for Parallel connection of the apulc (3O to the, »echselapanaungsquelle (T), 9098 32/06 U BAD ORIGINAL a "rate output terminal, which is connected to one end of the coil" and a movable outer output terminal (35) "which is adjustable along the coil (34), a step-up hole arming transformer (42) with a primary winding (44)" which with the output terminals of the Spaamuaga selector (25) is connected and several secondary windings "each have two output terminals, several Sehaltungaordnungeti, which are assigned to one of the secondary windings" each of these ο dial tutsan · arrangements includes $ a high voltage lead (52,52 *) » which is connected to one terminal of the associated secondary windings, a rectifier (53,56), which is switched on in the Hoclisspannungssuleltung (52,52 *) and emits a semi-linear voltage to an X-ray tube (43 * 43 *), an earth conductor (50 * 50 "), άατ old the other terminal of the secondary winding 1st affiliated" a capacitive filter circuit (53,5O ¹⁾ connected to the Hoehspannungsauleitung (52.52 ·) and the Brdleit he (50 * 50 *) is connected, a voltage regulator (125,125 ') »which is switched on in the earth conductor (50,50 ·)» whereby the anode (126,126 *) and the cathode (127 * 127 *) ■ of the voltage regulator ( 125.125 ·) with the Böntgearöh * · (43.43 ^f ) are connected in such a way that the ^{voltage in the voltage regulator (125 »125 f} ) is in conflict with the voltage on the separate winding of the high voltage transformer (42) , and where the voltage regulator (125t 125 *) provides a control (128,128 *) to control the value via opposite voltage, a Weohselatroin feedback circuit (129,130} 129 * »130 ·) creates a condensate * (120,129 ·) - _t the one with the HeGb * paüBangaaulei1; un $ (52,52 *) and the tax "le ^ - m" nt (128,128 *) T # rbunien is un * causes that the span- 9098 3 2/0614 ~ ⁸² "15143 U voltage at the voltage regulator (125t 125 ') changes according to ripple-related fluctuations in the high-voltage potential supplied by the high-voltage line (52.52), an impedance-variable fiöntgenrahren current selector (136.196 *) »which is in the £ rdleiter (50.50») between your Voltage regulator (125, 125) and an iärdpotentialpunkt (49 »49) is connected and the impedance of which can be changed for the optional adjustment of the current in the circuit of the X-ray tube, a heating voltage supply circuit (72, 72 ') which is connected to the filament of the X-ray tube (43, 43 * j is connected and feeds a feed current to this filament, a stabilization circuit (200,200 ') for the X-ray tube set rom, this circuit (200,200 *) being connected to the heating voltage supply circuit (72 »72 *) and the amperage selector (196, 196 *) is connected in parallel and, depending on the voltage applied to the StromstSrlcewähler, controls the auxiliary voltage supply circuit (72, 72 *) so that in the event of a drop hme the current strength in the circuit of the X-ray tube which is fed to the filament is amplified or weakened in such a way that a preselected stroke strength is maintained in the circuit of the X-ray tube, a measuring circuit (135.135 ») for the horn tube voltage, which is connected in parallel to ^{the horn tube (43 # 43 f)} and a variable impedance Iloch voltage selector (139, 139 ^# ), and a high voltage ätabilislerungskreis (145 »145 *) with an input, which the high voltage switch (139» 139 ') is held in parallel, and an output (147,147'), the is connected to the control element (128,128 *) d # «voltage regulator (125» 125 *), with the high-tension Stubilieieriiaeslcreie (145 · 145 ') with an increase or Hermbeetsung of the X-ray BATH ORIQiNAL 909832 / 06U tube lying high voltage compared to a predetermined level, the bias voltage at the control element (128,128 *) of the SpaniiUiT ^ a subtraction device (125,125 *) changed * that the voltage aii the voltage regulator (125 »125 *) is increased or decreased so that the Supply voltage to the X-ray tube (43 * 43 *) is kept at the predetermined level, the X-ray apparatus further comprising a drive motor (38) for the tensioning device (25), each with a winding (83, 84) for the forward and reverse relay and a rotor (37) "which is rotated forwards for the goalkeeper rotation when the winding (83) is excited and rotated backwards for the backwards rotation when the winding (84) is excited, an operative connection (36) between the rotor (37) and the movable one Auegangski & mme (35) * in such a way that when the winding (83) is excited for the forward reliting of the runner (37) the movable output clergy (35) in sixeie. . decrease the tension from kicking. Amegasnskieiaoe moved away MiÄ at a BrrGgung the winding for the ISEL ^ I ^ tedrelmng the rotor (37), the movable AuBganeskleiuae (33) in Sinae ti * - ner reduction of the voltage au of the first Ausgangskiemme toward * moved and voraugeweise a Spannungesteuerfcreis (150) , whose input (151 »220) is held parallel to one of the voltage regulators and whose output (152,153) is connected to the two windings (83 *; 4) and which, when the voltage rises, to the voltage regulator (125) via a first predetermined limit “spanmiAiS -lie winding (83) for the forward rotation and if the tension on this voltage regulator drops below a second varbeatiiir-i.te Grenaspaimuns the winding (84) for the arrest, with the mentioned Qrensspannungen ■ BAD ORlQlNAL 903832/0614 V 15U3H limit a Sinstellbereleh in which the voltage regulator (125) to maintain the supply voltage at the gate-way level sam 1st »so that the voltage regulator (125) changes the Speleespazmungspegele within the linstellbereiohs and the Voltage control circuit (150) Changes in the feed voltage level outside the setting range are compensated « 43. X-ray apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that all high-voltage selectors (139 * 139 *) so with one another are coupled so that everyone ron them the same to the X-ray tube (43.43 *) so that all X-ray tubes (43.43 ') are selected individually with the same high voltage and old Currents are operated 909832/06 Blank page