DE1492924C - Feed for monogastric calves - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to a feed for a mono-measured carbohydrate source which is sufficient to

gastric calves. obtain satisfactory growth.

Yeast has been a valuable asset for many years

feed to feed "because of its high content of sucrose, there are several measures to reduce the

digestible protein and certain vitamins, in particular to help the calf digest this sugar,

especially those of the B group. If these measures are taken by VeIu inter alia, as follows,

Yeast to be used for this purpose is enumerated:

they usually dried; by applying _{L inversion of} sucrose with citric acid

but most of their enzymes are derived from heat

ineffective. io Although the blood sugar level increases rapidly after

The normal role of dried yeast in feeds of citric acid inverted sucrose

If the rose is a suitable source of vitamins, diarrhea occurred in most of the cases.

and digestible protein. In the dried form “ _T. ,. _r

it contains about 40 percent by weight digestible ² · inversion of sucrose with invertase ^ before

Protein. It was used to feed up to 60 ^weight- 15 8

replace percent of protein in the diet. Again, the blood sugar level showed a

Naturally, dried yeast must be in such a peaceful increase when the sucrose is used

sufficient amounts are used that the invertase (used as a biochemical preparation

The protein balance in the feed is balanced. Portions tung) was inverted 24 hours before feeding,

of dried yeast which was up to 10% by weight but diarrhea occurred if not the pH of the feed

percent of the total feed are adjusted to pH 7 immediately before feeding

not uncommon. would.

When rearing calves, a milk substitute feed should _{3> invert} sucrose with invertase

1. To be gladly accepted by the animal, the feeding

2. do not cause diarrhea,. ^a5 _.,., ... , _, ...

3. A satisfactory increase in daily The simultaneous use of sucrose ^{solution will cause weight gain, "nd} invertase solution mixed immediately before the

4. whose appearance is close to milk, feeding initially gave satisfactory results.

5. Can be produced economically - f ^ 'Üf ,, u a week old calf did not get any

6. be easy to store, ³ ° ^duration , ^{but after} the seventh week frequently occurred 1. do not deteriorate on storage. Diarrhea on.

It goes without saying, as a milk substitute for the 4th addition of dried brewer's yeast young calf a lactose-based - the addition of dried brewer's yeast to the natural sugars found in milk - 35 liquid sucrose-containing foods gave very little Product to choose. Such a feed was already increasing blood sugar levels. VeIu et al suggested. and used with success, provided that the calves 2 hours after the transfer, that the lactose content is kept within limits. feeding the sucrose with brewer's yeast heavily under For example, Dollar and Porter (Nature suffered from diarrhea. [1957] 179, p. 1299) observed that lactose by 4 ° In summary, VeIu et al. Found none completely the calf during the first two or three life-satisfying agents, whereby sucrose is added to the weeks, but that afterwards the lactose young calf could be fed. Your most utilization decreases. Presumably this has been due to some promising results by mixing Decrease in intestinal lactase activity caused. a solution of commercially available chemical Lactose could therefore be the basis for a milk source 45 invertase with sucrose solution immediately before Make substitute feed if given to the young calf for a limited amount of time. But one Time is used. She is but a comparatively such diet was unsatisfactory when> the young expensive sugar, so that considering the calf was 7 weeks old. Furthermore, also became the club economic rearing of another carbohydrate twist, dried brewer's yeast as a completely unsatisfied source of hydrate the preference will be given. 50 communicated.

In this regard, sucrose would then come, a cheaper one. It was also considered by M. O. S a η (Chem. Centrally easily obtainable sugar, which tastesheet [1955], p. 4957) reports that colder, fed is adhesive and easily soluble in water and is therefore very suitable for use in a liquid solution with a material containing 10% dried yeast, a noticeable increase in weight in comparison Feed would be. However, Dollar and Porter have shown 55 to control animals.

found that sucrose, because of the lack of a

Noticeable levels of intestinal invertase in calves turning from sucrose was attempted one way

is not exploited in a satisfactory manner. It can also be found in order to take advantage of this sugar

have VeIu, Kendali and Gardner (Journal of Dairy calf nutrition to improve because no alternative

Science, April 1960, 43, p. 546) confirms that calves 60 appeared to pass which in economic terms

were unable to ingest sucrose and that for use on a large scale for rearing

two hours after feeding sucrose would be more strongly cattle acceptable. Confirm it

Had diarrhea. ., the observations of VeIu et al. in case of

In our own experiments it was found that "milk twist of a commercially available invertase

substitute feed with a content of 5 percent by weight 65 spring. Although the results are encouraging at first

Sucrose ingested by the calf without diarrhea forced diarrhea to occur later

will. In fact, such an amount improves and decreases sucrose utilization others

Taste of the forage, but it does not present any one of the possibilities to consider. In addition, the

3 4

Cost of commercial invertase their use at an inlet temperature of 170 ° C

oppose to a great extent. . Outlet temperature 85 ° C

Also tests with commercially available dry-average residence time at 85

yeast preparations that can be used as feed for from ;; e- to 90'C,. . '.. 1.5 minutes

grown animals were unsuccessful in the 5 water content of the dried yeast 5,6 ° / ,,

feeding to calves as they always got diarrhea. _{Qie invertas} activity of the spray-dried co-

It has now been found that yeast and other fungi, _rja , _{s was 5 (D djejeni d; r} ^ ,, _{f 65 ()} .

which essentially under such conditions overall _{DieS3S B; i id he (äutert the Vcrwjnd of s Qh.}

were rocknet that the dry product has a nver- _g . _tro , most _{important port in one wed} | _chsatzfutt c _r with a

aseaktiv.tat of not less than 10 (which. in the _{past 25 years} , _{SaccharoSi (on} dry sis).

Invertaseaktiv.tat is the number of Gramn Saccha- _{Dk foI d 3n} feed compositions were-

rose, which from Ig the dry yeast or one of the d "nh * rg-represents" other fungus would be hydrolyzed if this one

in a 36.6 percent by weight with an acetic acid component

buffer to pH 4.5 buffered sucrose solution at 15 g g

37 ° C is left for 2 hours), without any spray-dried skimmed milk 39.8 39.8

what noticeable and undesirable digestion * - roller-dried skimmed milk ... 34 34

complaints are fed to monogastric calves whey powder 6 5 ( 25

the can. ,, "" · ..,. *, _u · Refined Deodorized Red

It was also found that calves with ao Palmäl 117 Π 7

be fed a feed, which in addition to a «":., ι ^: »ι,. ·» ιΊ «/ _κ

contains a rich source of protein and vitamins, a low raw sugar 32 6 32 6 containing a proportion of spray-dried yeast, a mineral substance and Vi'täräine *) ''. '.' .. '.'. 2.6 * 2, 6 daily weight gain show which mirkhch _{After B; j ie, t sprühg, dried} .st high as diejemgevon calving, w h ± ₅ mt d> r "5 HSFE - water 1033 g (zugsgleichen food, but without spray-dried yeast, _{ssm be fed immediately before d} , _{m V.} 'feed) - 0 ^ 5

Accordingly, the invention provides a feed '. '"

for monogastric calves, consisting of 10 to 33% *) mineral and vitamin mix.! »for F.itterm tt ^ l A and B. Sucrose, 0.05 to 5% spray-dried mushroom material with an invertase activity of at least Beuan Juile g / k ₃ de; Premix 10 and the rest of the usual feed ingredients. Vitamin mixture 22.0

Appropriately, the dried spade is in the ' ¹ Jl] ^0. ]] ^J. [: ^! ^tim : ^{n Λ}

Feed in an amount of 0.1 to 2.5 weight- 35 "l 155 JE viumin E

Percent of dry feed present. Thiamine 0-5

Preferably the fungus, for example yeast, Ribxiiviii 0 25

through . Spray-dried, but freeze-pyddoxin-hydro'chloride '.'. θ ', 5

drying or other process, welc.ie d.e Inver- calcium pantothenate 0.25

tase activity can be used instead 40 nicotinic acid 10

^We I ^den '· fu' --IJ »* · ι u _t α choline chloride ....: .....% fi

The easiest way to use milk substitute feed is to add vitamin C "10 0

Twist simply mixed with warm water. Dicalcium Phosphate ''. '.'. '.'. 35; χ ()

The sucrose should expediently be present in an amount of cod liver oil 150 to 15 to 25 percent by weight in the milk substitute feed 45 Wafer-dried lean. _{milk 45775}

The dried mushroom material is expediently ....,.

in the feed in an amount of 0.01 to 3%. These feeds were given to two groups of

preferably 0.1 to 2.5 percent by weight is present. Calves in an approx. 2 month

In the foregoing, only the use of yeast 50 is such fed. Calves with feed A

named as a source of invertase, but many other micronutrients suffered from pronounced diarrhea, im

Organisms such as Aspergillus and Penicil - in contrast to the calves that were fed with feed B

lium spp., also contain the enzyme in sufficient quantities.

Amount and, if they have a spray dried live weight gain,

Product with an invertase activity of at least 10 55 diarrhea days and urinary

j ... ",, 1 ,,. »N .1 i- <· 1 ^and attack of feces

represent, instead of yeast according to the invention cn

be used with the. self-evident before live weight gain

keep the dried material used in the (ke / Tas) 0 204 0 254

used amount not harmful to the animal his diarrhea (log! 2 » ■ [■ '{)''.'.'. ΐ | θ79 θ ', Ο52

^{should 6o attack of} feces (g / day) ........ 1112 341

Embodiment urine volume (g / day) 2503 3329

Dry matter in the faeces

This example explains the production of a spray g · .. · ·,

dried yeast preparation for use in accordance with 65 diarrhea days are the days on which the

the invention. fed animal suffered from diarrhea caused by the

A yeast slurry (15% solids) was sprayed feed. As with the carried out

dried under the following conditions: feeding trial with two groups of calves

two different feeds were fed (feed C without. feed D with spray-dried yeast), It was necessary to statistically determine the effect of the administered lutters on the occurrence of diarrhea capture. Experience had now shown that in a group of animals during feeding experiments the occurrence of diarrhea is not a normal breakdown in a statistical sense. For the statistical evaluation, the division must therefore be normalized or converted. To this The purpose was to make the quantity "Iog2n + 1" the appropriate one found. It denotes a statistical conversion that is used to calculate the division of days to normalize which diarrhea occurred during the experiments. /; gives the number of days indicate which animals suffered from diarrhea during the feeding period.

More information about the use of logarithmic conversions can be found in the book "Design and Analysis of Experiments" by Kempthorne (Verlag John Wiley & Son).
5

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1.Feed for monogastric calves, consisting specifically of 10 to 30% sucrose, 0.05 to 5% spray-dried mushroom material with an invertase activity of at least 10 and the remainder from the common feed ingredients. 2. Feed according to claim 1, containing as is spray-dried mushroom material with an invertase activity of at least 10 of the corresponding yeast.