DE1446918A1 - Pyrotechnic mixture - Google Patents
Pyrotechnic mixtureInfo
- Publication number
- DE1446918A1 DE1446918A1 DE19651446918 DE1446918A DE1446918A1 DE 1446918 A1 DE1446918 A1 DE 1446918A1 DE 19651446918 DE19651446918 DE 19651446918 DE 1446918 A DE1446918 A DE 1446918A DE 1446918 A1 DE1446918 A1 DE 1446918A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- gas
- ammonium
- aminotetrazole
- mixture according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium dichromate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 2
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGMZBCMWJIRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrazol-5-imine Chemical compound N=C1N=NN=N1 BUGMZBCMWJIRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
- Y10S149/11—Particle size of a component
- Y10S149/112—Inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
- Y10S149/11—Particle size of a component
- Y10S149/115—Organic fuel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Description
DYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Troisdorf, Bez. KölnDYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Troisdorf, district Cologne
Pyrotechnisches GemischPyrotechnic mixture
Die Erfindung "befaßt sich mit einem gasreich abbrennenden pyrotechnischen Gemisch, insbesondere für die Verwendung als druckgaserzeugender Treibsatz in Patronen usw.The invention "deals with a gas-rich burning pyrotechnic mixture, especially for use as a compressed gas-generating propellant in cartridges, etc.
Für manche Gelegenheiten, beispielsweise zum Austreiben der .:-. feuerlöschenden Substanzen aus Feuerlöschgeräten, werden Patronen verwendet» die einen Wirksatz enthalten, der beim Abbrand eine große Menge Gas entwickelt. Bekannt sind hierfür Gemische, die als Hauptbestandteil Ammoniumnitrat enthalten und durch geeignete katalytisehe und/oder reaktionsregulierend wirkende Zusätze in ihrer tJmsetzungsgeschwindigkeit definiert sind. Bas von solchen Gemischen entwickelte Gasvolumen ist abhängig vom Gehalt an Ammoniumnitrat, das bei der Umsetzung überwiegend gasförmigen Stickstoff und Wasser liefert, .. >For some occasions, for example to drive out the.: -. fire-extinguishing substances from fire extinguishers, cartridges are used which contain an active ingredient which generates a large amount of gas when burned down. Are known for this Mixtures which contain ammonium nitrate as the main constituent and which have a catalytic and / or reaction-regulating effect through suitable Additions are defined in their speed of implementation. The volume of gas developed by such mixtures depends on the ammonium nitrate content, which is predominant during the conversion supplies gaseous nitrogen and water ..>
In weitgehender Übereinstimmung mit der theoretischen Berechnung zeigen experimentelle Bestimmungen, daß ein V/irksatz mit einem hohen £re,halt an Ammoniumnitrat, beispielsweise ein GemischIn broad agreement with the theoretical calculation, experimental determinations show that a law with a high concentration of ammonium nitrate, for example a mixture
,,,.. .,..,..,. ,.78,5 $ Ammoniumnitrat
9,0 i> Kaliumnitrat
6,9 $ Ammoniumoxalat und
5,6 $ Kaliuradichromat,,, ..., .., ..,. , .78.5 $ ammonium nitrate
9.0 i> potassium nitrate
6.9 $ ammonium oxalate and 5.6 $ potassium uradichromate
je Gramm Satzmischung.ein für Arbeitsleistung verfügbares Gasvoluraen von ca. 200 ml liefert.a volume of gas available for work per gram of compound mix of approx. 200 ml.
Biese Gasausbeute ist für viele Anwendungsfälle zu gering.This gas yield is too low for many applications.
14469481446948
Zweck der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es,, diese i&asat£sbeute zu steigern« Dementsprechend macht es siöh" die .flnfiiidung zur Aufgabe, durch geeignete Zusätze zu- eineTm.Gemisch'.der vorstehend angegebenen Art einen wirksatz^zu-schaf<fen.,i-bei dessen Umsetzung sich ein wesentlich, größeres Volumen: Gas 'entwickelt.The purpose of the present invention is to provide these loot to increase "Accordingly, it makes you" finding the The task of adding suitable additives to a mixture of the above specified kind to create an effective way., i-at its Implementation a much, larger volume: gas' evolves.
Da für zahlreiche Anvrendungsbereiche die erzeugten Gase von .· Kohlenoxyden möglichst frei sein sollen, wurden für die" Lösung der vorstehend genannten Aufgabe Verbindungen mit. einem hohen Gehalt an'Kohlenstoff von vornherein nicht·"in Betracht -gezogen.Since the gases produced by. Carbon oxides should be as free as possible, were for the "solution the above-mentioned task compounds with. a high Carbon content not "" taken into account from the outset.
Erschwerend· wurde ferner festgelegt, daß nur- solche Zusätze * in Betracht kommet! sollen, die '■■---· .-■ . j. "- ■ ··: ; ■ "To make matters worse, it was also stipulated that only such additions * come into consideration! shall, the '■■ --- · .- ■. j. "- ■ ··:; ■"
1.: die Z.ersetzüngsreaktion des Ammoniumnitrat, die am -"-..-wesentlichen durch das-Ammoniumdichromat katalysiert wird, nicht stören,1 .: the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate, the most important - "-..- catalyzed by ammonium dichromate will, do not disturb,
2. die Reaktionstemperatur nicht wesentlich erhöhen,■2. do not increase the reaction temperature significantly, ■
,3. die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit,nicht wesentlich .verrin-...... .....gern, ... .·,_-__-,:. ,_, ...,..-. .... ;,. ■-.,. , - .., 3. the reaction speed, not significantly .reduce -...... .....gladly, ... .·,_-__-,:. , _, ..., ..-. ....;,. ■ -.,. , - ..
4. die Entzündbarkeit des Gemisches nicht merklich ver-4. the flammability of the mixture is not noticeably
' 'schlechtem und ■ : ; . . . .: --'-.·.■ . -.- :'' Bad and ■:; . . . .: --'-. ·. ■. -.- :
5. nicht zu äen "explosionsgefährlichen Stoffen" zählen.5. do not count among "explosive substances".
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß sich die gestellte Aufgäbe in zufriedenstellender Weise lösen läßt, wenn einem Sätzgemisch aus den eingangs erwähnten Komponenten eine bestimmte Menge Aminotetrazol hinzugefügt wird. Es wurde festgestellt," daß ein Zusatz von beispielsweise 15 Teilen Aminotetrazol zu 85 Teilen des eingangs erwähnten Ammoniumnitratsatζes eine Erhöhung des für Arbeitsleistung verfügbaren Gasvolumens um etwa 100 ?o mit sich bringt. Dementsprechend besteht der Vorschlag der Erfindung in einem Satagemisch folgender Zusammensetzung:It has now been found that the stated object can be achieved in a satisfactory manner if a certain amount of aminotetrazole is added to a mixture of the components mentioned at the outset. It has been found that "the addition of, for example, 15 parts of aminotetrazole to 85 parts of the above-mentioned Ammoniumnitratsatζes o results in an increase of the available for work output gas volume to about 100 with itself Accordingly, the proposal of the invention consists in a Satagemisch following composition?.:
80 98 1 0/089I 80 98 1 0/089 I.
_5_ 1446018_5_ 1446018
83» O # Ammoniumnitrat 6,0 bis 9,0 # Kaliumnitrat 5*0 bis ?,0 $ Ammoniumoxalat ' -l v 4,0 bis 6,0 i> Ammortiümdiehromat und - 2,0 bis 25,0 $ Aminotetrazol83 'O # ammonium nitrate 6.0 to 9.0 # potassium nitrate 5 * 0 to?, 0 $ ammonium oxalate' - lv 4.0 to 6.0 i> Ammortiümdiehromat and - 2.0 to 25.0 $ aminotetrazole
Wie weiter gefunden wurde, ist es auch möglich, einen Teil des Aminotetrazols gegen andere stickstoffhaltige Verbindungen auszutauschen. In zweckmäßiger weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung wird daher vorgeschlagen, 5 bis 40 $ des Aminotetrazole durch ein Gemisch aus 2 bis 40 # Dicyandiamid und 60 bis 98 £ Aminotetrazol zu ersetzen. Mit einem solchen Vorgehen ist es - von den geringeren Kosten ganz abgesehen τ möglich, auf die Abbrandgeschwindigkeit und das Anbrennvermögen Einfluß zu nehmen, ohne daß sich die Charakteristik des Gemisches in bezug auf .das erzeugte Gasvolumen wesentlich ändert.As was further found, it is also possible to exchange part of the aminotetrazole for other nitrogen-containing compounds. In an advantageous further development of the invention it is therefore proposed 5 to be replaced by a mixture of dicyandiamide and 2 to 40 # 60 to 98 £ aminotetrazole to 40 $ of aminotetrazoles. With such a procedure it is possible - quite apart from the lower costs τ - to influence the burning rate and the burning capacity without the characteristic of the mixture changing significantly in relation to the gas volume generated.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn alle Komponenten eine Korngröße < 200y*t aufweisen, da dann eine innige Vermengung der Komponenten miteinander und entsprechend die Erzielung eines homogenen Gemisches möglich ist, das einen gleichmäßigen Abbrand garantiert.It is advantageous if all components have a grain size < 200y * t, because then there is an intimate mixing of the components with each other and accordingly the achievement of a homogeneous mixture is possible, which guarantees an even burn.
Ebenso erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, das Gemisch zu verdichten, wodurch zum einen die Laborierbarkeit des Gemisches gefördert wird, beispielsweise durch die Möglichkeit der Herstellung' sogenannter "Pellets", zum anderen eine genau definierte Abbrandf lache und -geschwindigkeit und dementsprechend eine gleichmäßige umsetzung des Gemisches erzielt wird. Als Verdichtungsdruck können nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung bis zu 2500 kp/cm^ vorgesehen werden. .It also proves to be advantageous to compress the mixture, whereby, on the one hand, the loadability of the mixture is promoted, for example through the possibility of production ' So-called "pellets", on the other hand a precisely defined burn-up area and speed and, accordingly, one uniform implementation of the mixture is achieved. As compression pressure can be provided according to a further proposal of the invention up to 2500 kp / cm ^. .
t-i V*■ ■■ ,'; i*;. ;? 1^. ·<ti V * ■ ■■ , '; i * ;. ;? 1 ^. · <
< ^>w.*i;^Ti<^> w. * i; ^ Ti
Troisdorf, den to. 8. 1965
Kg/Öüb.Troisdorf, the to. 8th 1965
Kg / Öüb.
981Ο/Ο&9Ί981Ο / Ο & 9Ί
Claims (3)
Kg/Hüb.Troisdorf, August 10, 1965
Kg / hub.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DED0047981 | 1965-08-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1446918A1 true DE1446918A1 (en) | 1968-11-28 |
Family
ID=7050820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651446918 Pending DE1446918A1 (en) | 1965-08-14 | 1965-08-14 | Pyrotechnic mixture |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3348985A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT261460B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE685468A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1446918A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1126567A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6611390A (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3909322A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1975-09-30 | Us Navy | Solid gas generating and gun propellant compositions containing a nitroaminotetrazole salt |
| US3898112A (en) * | 1970-09-23 | 1975-08-05 | Us Navy | Solid 5-aminotetrazole nitrate gas generating propellant with block copolymer binder |
| US4386979A (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1983-06-07 | Jackson Jr Charles H | Gas generating compositions |
| US4608102A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-08-26 | Omark Industries, Inc. | Primer composition |
| US4909549A (en) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-03-20 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Composition and process for inflating a safety crash bag |
| US5197758A (en) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-03-30 | Morton International, Inc. | Non-azide gas generant formulation, method, and apparatus |
| US5160386A (en) * | 1991-11-04 | 1992-11-03 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant formulations containing poly(nitrito) metal complexes as oxidants and method |
| US5431103A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-07-11 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
| US5516377A (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1996-05-14 | Thiokol Corporation | Gas generating compositions based on salts of 5-nitraminotetrazole |
| US5557062A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-09-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Breathable gas generators |
| DE19581542T1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1999-04-01 | Daicel Chem | Gas generating composition |
| US5514230A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-05-07 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Nonazide gas generating compositions with a built-in catalyst |
| US5844164A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-12-01 | Breed Automotive Technologies, Inc. | Gas generating device with specific composition |
| US5661261A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-26 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Gas generating composition |
| US6296724B1 (en) | 1998-07-21 | 2001-10-02 | Trw Inc. | Gas generating composition for an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device |
| SE513315C2 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-08-21 | Nexplo Bofors Ab | Methods of producing gas generators for gas-powered car safety details and pyrotechnic gas generators prepared in accordance with the method |
| SE514336C2 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2001-02-12 | Bofors Bepab Ab | Composite gas generator for gas-powered car safety details |
| CN102179025B (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-06-27 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Fire extinguishing composition generating extinguishant by high-temperature sublimation |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2480852A (en) * | 1947-03-10 | 1949-09-06 | George C Hale | Propellent powders |
-
1965
- 1965-08-14 DE DE19651446918 patent/DE1446918A1/en active Pending
-
1966
- 1966-08-04 US US570163A patent/US3348985A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-08-12 GB GB36323/66A patent/GB1126567A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-08-12 NL NL6611390A patent/NL6611390A/xx unknown
- 1966-08-12 AT AT772166A patent/AT261460B/en active
- 1966-08-12 BE BE685468D patent/BE685468A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3348985A (en) | 1967-10-24 |
| GB1126567A (en) | 1968-09-05 |
| NL6611390A (en) | 1967-02-15 |
| BE685468A (en) | 1967-01-16 |
| AT261460B (en) | 1968-04-25 |
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