DE1446901C1 - Process for the manufacture of rocket propellants - Google Patents

Description

3 4

aptly through atomization and the formation of flakes of urethane at any temperature Particles in ball mills in the invention leads; curing is preferred at brought the required particle size. The respective temperatures in the range from about 21 to 82 ° C ge average particle size is made purposefully. You can also use a vacuum Work casually with the micromerographic method 5.

s true. The propellant approach is after it has been thoroughly

The amount of is mixed, cast or extruded or under netzem aluminum powder in the process according to the invention is preferably formed into the desired shape under pressure and at the order of magnitude of 5 to about 40 per cent by weight of the temperature specified above in the range of; nt, based on the total Reaction mixture. Hardened at around 21 to 82 ° C. The propellant can achieve good results with an aluminum mixture directly in the rocket chamber, which is lined with lengths of between about 11 and about 26 weight per cent of an inert lining material. Are poured and hardened with additional quantities of more than 26,
ight percent, no further relative The proportionate amounts of hydroxyl and isocyanate

increase of the specific impulse, but an increase in density desired for 15 nat compounds as well as the various additives for technical purposes, the lack of increase in patent specification 1295 433 is used in some cases according to the information in German ie,
npulses more than makes up for it. Additional amounts of

Less than about 40 percent by weight are usually. BeisDiel

ur little or no more effective. This 20 ^p weight

t due to the fact that with a quantity of constituents percent

less than about 40 weight percent aluminum ammonium perchlorate 65.00

ulver the existing oxygen to complete aluminum powder 13 00

. reaction with the aluminum is no longer sufficient copper chromite ..................... o'5O

ad consequently through the presence of the aluminum 25 phenylbetanaphthylamine ............ o'2O

ium no more practical advantage can be achieved. Ferriacetylacetonate .... .. 0 08

however, the propellant composition of glycerol monorizinoleate ............. 1 ^ 08

reacts independently to these contexts, e.g. B. Polypropylene glycol (2025 molecular weight) 13.76

ei hybrid systems, where a liquid oxidation dioctyl azeloate .... 4 20

littel is used, can also contain more than 30 lecithins ..................... 012

0 percent by weight of aluminum powder the wetting agents *) o'o8

desired benefits can be achieved. Toluylene diisocyanate ................ 1 * 98

If the amount of aluminum falls in the according to the invention —ϊΤϋΤΤΙτΓ "

generated propellants below about 11 weight per 100.00

ent, then the advantage with regard to the specific 35 *) A mixture of sorbitan monooleate and polyoxympulses always lower, and with less than 5 ethylene esters from mixed fatty and resin acids,

ight percent it becomes negligibly low.

Any solid inorganic oxidizing agent can be used as the oxidizing agent

anic oxidizing salts as used in the art prior to mixing for 48 hours at 43 ° C in e are known, for example chromates, dichromates, 40 a closed container made of polyvinyl artificial manganate, Nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates the substance is stored.

Alkali and alkaline earth metals, e.g. B. of potassium, Na- The aluminum powder was about Ve the amount

rium or calcium, also of Ammoinak, hydrazine on polypropylene glycol and glycerine monorizinoleate the guanidine, can be used. The choice of stirred up. The mixture was in a container Oxidizing salts depend on the special, im 45 made of stainless steel using a copper 'abrasive desired burning properties. Beryllium spatula made. It was about 10 mi

In the method according to the invention, it is also possible to stir for a long time.

ie known additives are used, e.g. B. The aluminum slurry was then placed in a

Plasticizers, catalysts. The catalysts can be given a conventional mixer with heating and en in amounts ranging from trace up to about 50 coolers as well as a vacuum device Weight percent of the total dimensions and more was provided. The walls of the container in which the be set. Usually quantities of aluminum slurry had been prepared about 0.02 to about 0.10 percent by weight based on carefully scraped off; the container was with applied to the total weight. half of the amount of dioctyl azeloate used

The polymerization can either be rinsed out in a suitable 55, and this rinsing liquid was also added to a solvent or in the absence of a solvent mixer. Then the remainder of the process was done. The polypropylene glycol solution was added; The wetting agent can be present in such a large excess with the remaining amount of dioctyl azeloate that a solution of the resin-forming mixture is mixed until this mixture is homogeneous, and then angular substances are formed, or it can also be in relatively small amounts this mixture can be used cone in the mixer. Suitable solution fills. They were then passed through a sieve with littel are those in which the various 15.7 meshes per centimeter and a light may constituents of the reaction mixture are soluble. Width of 0.42 mm the ferric acetyl acetonate, which also modifiers for the burning phenylbetanaphthylamine and lecithin can be added, speed and other additives, such as antioxidant 65 and then the copper chromite was added,
Ionizing agents, wetting agents, anti-foaming agents, then the mixer was closed and used. it was mixed under vacuum for 15 minutes. During the production of the propellant charges, the poly- Then the mixer was stopped and the

The vacuum is released by introducing dry nitrogen. The lid was off the blender removed and then the oxidant was added while the impellers were moving. After all the oxidizing agent had been added, it was closed again for 15 minutes Mixer mixed at 21 ° C under vacuum.

The vacuum was then released again by introducing dry nitrogen, and gradually Addition of the toluene dusocyanate was mixed again under vacuum for 10 minutes at 21 ° C. After subsequent The batch was poured out of the vacuum by introducing dry nitrogen.

Claims (3)

1 2 compounds containing two isocyanate groups Patent claims: are crosslinked in a manner known per se, the proportion of organic oxidizing salt being approximately 1. Process for the production of rocket propellants 40 to 85 percent by weight and of polyurethane approaches with polyurethane as binder, inorganic 5 binder is about 10 to 40 percent by weight, see oxygen salts and aluminum, and that the reaction mixture contains aluminum powder characterized in that mixtures in an amount of not less than about 5 weight of polyethers with two hydroxyl groups and percent, based on the total reaction mixture, Compounds with more than two with isocyanates are added. Reacting groups as well as solid inorganic io It has proven to be useful that see oxidizing salts, with at least two aluminum powders before the reaction mixture To add isocyanate group-containing compounds in crosslinking. are crosslinked in a known manner, whereby it is also advantageous if the aluminum parti- the proportion of inorganic oxidizing salt no spherical particles are used, about 40 to 85 percent by weight and of poly- 15 With the method according to the invention it is possible urethane binder to create about 10 to 40 weight per rocket propellants that are about a high cent, and that the reaction mixture have specific momentum and beyond Aluminum powder in an amount not less - the desired mechanical abrasion properties, Less than about 5 percent by weight, based on the low embrittlement point, an excellent one entire reaction mixture, are added. 20 elastic deformation behavior and superior 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they show signs of aging and are free of cracks, that the aluminum powder are the educations. Reaction mixture added before crosslinking When carrying out the inventive method, driving you should in addition to the bifunctional react 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the participants use a crosslinking agent, indicates that the aluminum particles are spherical- For this purpose, organic compounds are suitable shaped particles are used. three or more reacting with isocyanate groups have active Η atoms or groups. Compounds containing isocyanate groups are 30 diisocyanates are preferably used. As a polyether Polyethylene ether glycols and their mixtures and copolymers are used. You can molecular The invention relates to a method for producing weights of about 400 to about 10,000, the development of rocket propellants with polyurethane as polypropylene binders, inorganic oxygen salts and aluminum glycol and polybutylene glycol have proven to be particularly advantageous,
minium. Examples of compounds which are particularly suitable as a crosslinking agent are glycerol ketene propellant, in which a monoricinoleate, glycerol tricinoleate, 1,2,6-hexane gum-like polymerization product is used as a binder. triol, methylenebis (orthochloroaniline), monohydro-The propellant contains 3.5 to 8% binder, 86 to 4 ° xyäthyltrihydroxpropyläthenediamine, pentaerythritol 94% inorganic oxygen salt and to increase propyleneoxy adduct, Ν, Ν, Ν ', N'- Tetrakis-2-hydroder energy 1 to 10% finely divided metal powder, xypropyl) -ethylenediamine, triethanolamine and tri, among other things, aluminum. methylol propane. It is also known from the French patent. Other substances suitable as crosslinking agents are 1215412, a rocket propellant which contains 70% glycerine, sorbitol, dextrin, starch, cellulose, ethylinorganic oxygen salt and about 17% binder cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl acetate, Contains poly vinyl compound. The mixture can also contain aluminum ketals, polyvinyl alcohol, diethylenetriamine, poly powder, which in a fuel contains other vinyl mercaptans and shellac.
Composition added in an amount of 4% As with polyethers, within the scope of the was. In the process for the production of this 5 ° invention, also mixtures of the various cross-linked propellants, the individual components are used in zipping agents.
Mixed together in the form of dispersions and then the dispersion liquid used in the process according to the invention is subsequently removed again. Aluminum powder can be obtained in any commercially available form. These previously known rocket propellants were used, for example in the form of spherical or, with regard to their mechanical properties, and lamellar particles. The specific impulse became unsatisfactory. It has been found that the best results are achieved, therefore the object of the invention is to provide a process when spherical aluminum particles are used to produce rocket propellants with polyurethane, since these are more pure than binders, inorganic oxygen salts and have more favorable rheological properties in aluminum create, which contribute to the production of 60 of the propellant mixture. The leaflet rocket propellants with superior mechanical or flaky particles work as long as the properties and a particularly high specific propellant mixture in which they are present still allow momentum. is semi-liquid, to some extent in one another, and this is achieved according to the invention, as a result of which the aluminum particles tend to form mixtures of polyethers with two hydroxyl-65 less uniform distribution. This can have an effect on groups and compounds with more than two groups that may interfere with the theological isocyanates as well as on fixed properties of the system,
inorganic oxidizing salts, with at least The spherical aluminum particles are