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DE1291275B - Fireproof panel and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Fireproof panel and process for its manufacture

Info

Publication number
DE1291275B
DE1291275B DE1965N0027385 DEN0027385A DE1291275B DE 1291275 B DE1291275 B DE 1291275B DE 1965N0027385 DE1965N0027385 DE 1965N0027385 DE N0027385 A DEN0027385 A DE N0027385A DE 1291275 B DE1291275 B DE 1291275B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pressure
plate
layer
fibers
density
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE1965N0027385
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ERNST HOLGER BERTIL DR
Original Assignee
ERNST HOLGER BERTIL DR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ERNST HOLGER BERTIL DR filed Critical ERNST HOLGER BERTIL DR
Publication of DE1291275B publication Critical patent/DE1291275B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/34—Ignifugeants
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials
    • D21H5/18—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of inorganic fibres with or without cellulose fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0063—Density
    • B29K2995/0064—Non-uniform density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Description

Es sind feuersichere Platten bekannt, welche hauptsächlich aus vom Wasser abgelagerten, verfilzten Mineralfasern bestehen, die durch ein organisches Bindemittel miteinander verbunden sind, wobei sich die Fasern in einem Zustand elastischer Verdichtung befinden. Bei den bekannten Platten ist die Verdichtung der Fasern in der ganzen Platte gleichmäßig. Um die feuersicheren Platten herzustellen, wird zunächst die Festigkeit und die Qualität der Fasern ermittelt, um den Druck festzustellen, bei dessen überschreitung die Fasern einer nassen Lage zerquetscht werden. Dann wird eine nasse Faserlage in einer Warmpresse unter einem Druck getrocknet, der niedriger ist als ' der Quetschdruck. Die Dichte der Platte beträgt dann 0,5 bis 1,1 g/cm3. Die bekannten Platten sind hart undhaben, eine. sehr gute Festigkeit. Noch wichtiger aber ist, daß die Platten feuersicher sind und sehr gute Isoliereigenschaften haben. Dies ist insbesondere bei einem Feuer der Fall, bei dem das organische Bindemittel zerstört wird, so daß sich die Platte infolge der elastischen Verdichtung der Fasern ausdehnt, wobei die Platte eine ebensogute Isolierwirkung wie eine weiche Mineralfaserplatte aufweist.Fireproof panels are known which consist mainly of water-deposited, matted mineral fibers which are connected to one another by an organic binder, the fibers being in a state of elastic compression. In the known plates, the compression of the fibers is uniform throughout the plate. In order to produce the fireproof panels, the strength and quality of the fibers are first determined in order to determine the pressure which, if exceeded, crushes the fibers of a wet layer. Then, a wet fiber layer in a hot press under a pressure is dried, which is lower than 'of the nip pressure. The density of the plate is then 0.5 to 1.1 g / cm3. The known records are hard and have, one. very good strength. But it is even more important that the panels are fire-proof and have very good insulating properties. This is particularly the case in a fire in which the organic binder is destroyed, so that the plate expands as a result of the elastic compression of the fibers, the plate having as good an insulating effect as a soft mineral fiber plate.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine feuersichere Platte, die hauptsächlich aus vom Wasser abgelagerten, durch ein organisches Bindemittel miteinander verbundenen, verfilzten Mineralfasern besteht, bei welcher die Oberflächenschichten der eine durchschnittliche Dichte von 0,4 bis 1,2 g/cm3, vorzugsweise 0,6 bis _1,0 g/cm3, aufweisenden Platte eine andere Dichte als die innere Schicht haben.The subject of the invention is a fireproof panel, which consists mainly of matted mineral fibers deposited by the water and interconnected by an organic binder, in which the surface layers have an average density of 0.4 to 1.2 g / cm3, preferably 0.6 up to _1.0 g / cm3, have a different density than the inner layer.

Die Oberflächenschichten können beispielsweise eine höhere Dichte aufweisen als die mittlere Schicht, oder die Dichte der mittleren Schicht kann höher sein als die der Oberflächenschichten. Im ersteren Fall hat die Platte eine sehr harte und dauerhafte Oberfläche, sie ist aber trotzdem nicht zu schwer. Im letzteren Fall hat die Platte eine weiche Oberfläche und eine harte innere Schicht. Wegen der verschiedenen Dichten sind die erfindungsgemüßen Platten bessere Schallabsorber als die bekannten Platten, da die Schichten verschiedener Dichten Schallwellen verschiedener Wellenlängen aufnehmen und infolgedessen einepraktisch vollständige Schallabsorption erreicht wird.The surface layers can, for example, have a higher density than the middle layer, or the density of the middle layer may be higher than that of the surface layers. In the former case, the plate has a very hard and durable surface, but still not too heavy. In the latter Case, the plate has a soft surface and a hard inner layer. Because Due to the different densities, the panels according to the invention are better sound absorbers than the known plates, since the layers of different densities sound waves of different Absorb wavelengths and consequently a practically complete sound absorption is achieved.

Im Vergleich zu bekannten Faserplatten ist die erfindungsgemäße Platte dicker und steifer und kann nicht so leicht wie eine bekannte Faserplatte gebogen ,v#erden. Wenn man eine erfindungsgemäße Platte mit einer bekannten Platte derselben Stärke vergleicht, kann eine erfindungsgemäße Platte preiswerter hergestellt werden.In comparison to known fiberboard, the board according to the invention is thicker and stiffer and cannot be bent as easily as a familiar fiberboard , v # ground. If you have a plate according to the invention with a known plate of the same Comparing strength, a plate according to the invention can be manufactured more cheaply.

Die Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen feuersicheren Platte erfolgt in der Weise, daß eine nasse Lage des Fasermaterials wenigstens während eines Teils der Trocknungszeit in einer Warmpresse unter Druck getrocknet und dieser Druck verändert wird. Das Trocknen der nassen Lage beginnt an den Oberflächen und schreitet nach innen zur Mitte der Platte vor. Wenn daher anfänglich ein Druck zur Einwirkung kommt, der nahe dem Quetschdruck, aber geringer als dieser ist, wird die zuerst getrocknete Schicht der Platte eine hohe Dichte aufweisen. Wenn später während des Trockn'e'n#s der Drück verringert wird, wird die innere Schicht eine geringe Dichte aufweisen. Umgekehrt ist es möglich, zuerst die Oberflächenschichten unter einem geringen Druck und dann die innere Schicht unter einem höheren Druck zu trochnen, der aber selbstverständlich immer noch geringer als der Quetschdruck ist. Dadurch wird eine Platte mit einer weichen Oberfläche und einer harten inneren Schicht erhalten.A fire-proof board according to the invention is produced in such a way that a wet layer of the fiber material is dried under pressure in a hot press during at least part of the drying time and this pressure is changed. The drying of the wet layer begins on the surfaces and progresses inward to the center of the plate. Therefore, if a pressure is initially applied which is close to but less than the crushing pressure, the first dried layer of the plate will be of high density. If the pressure is reduced later during drying, the inner layer will have a low density. Conversely, it is possible to Spritz first the surface layers under a low pressure and then the inner layer at a higher pressure, but is, of course, still less than the squeezing pressure. This gives a plate with a soft surface and a hard inner layer.

Bevor die Trocknung in der Trockenvorrichtung beginnt, muß die Temperatur den Siedepunkt des in der nassen Lage befindlichen Wassers erreichen. Während dieses Zeitraums kann überschüssiges Wasser aus der nassen Lage herausgepreßt werden. Auch in diesem Fall ist es jedoch möglich, eine Platte mii- einer weichen Oberfläche und einer harten inneren Schicht herzustellen. Eine Druckkurve für eine nasse Lage mit einer Dicke von 18 mm, die 50 % Wasser enthält, kann beispielsweise folgendermaßen verlaufen: So steil wie möglich bis zu 14 kg/CM2, welcher Druck während 1/2 Minute aufrechterhalten wird, dann abwärts bis zu 2 kg/cm2, wobei dieser verringerte Druck während 10 Minuten aufrechterhalten wird, und dann wieder aufwärts bis zu 14 kg/CM2, welcher Druck 14 Minuten oder so lange aufrechterhalten wird, wie zur vollständigen Trocknung der Platte erforderlich ist. Die fertige Platte ist ungefähr 10 mm dick.Before drying begins in the drying device, the temperature must reach the boiling point of the water in the wet layer. During this period, excess water can be squeezed out of the wet layer. In this case too, however, it is possible to manufacture a plate with a soft surface and a hard inner layer. For example, a pressure curve for a wet layer 18 mm thick and containing 50 % water can be as steep as possible up to 14 kg / cm2, which pressure is maintained for 1/2 minute, then down to 2 kg / cm2, this reduced pressure being maintained for 10 minutes, and then back up to 14 kg / cm2, which pressure is maintained for 14 minutes or as long as it takes to completely dry the plate. The finished plate is approximately 10 mm thick.

Wichtig ist, daß es gemäß der Erfindung nunmehr möglich ist, feuersichere Platten herzustellen, die hauptsächlich aus vom Wasser abgelagerten, verfilzten Mineralfasern bestehen, welche durch ein organisches Bindemittel miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Fasern sich in einem Zustand elastischer Verdichtung befinden, der sich in verschiedenen Teilen oder Schichten der Platte verändert.It is important that, according to the invention, it is now possible to make fire-proof To make panels that are mainly made of matted material deposited by the water Mineral fibers are made up, which are connected to each other by an organic binder are, the fibers are in a state of elastic compression, the changes in different parts or layers of the plate.

Die Erfindung umfaßt auch ein Verfahren, bei welchem während eines Teils der Trocknungszeit auf die Fasern überhauupt kein Druck ausgeübt wird. In diesem Fall erhält eine Schicht der fertigen Tafel ihre Verdichtuno, nur durch die gegenseitige Reibung der Fasern.The invention also includes a method in which during a During the drying time, no pressure is exerted on the fibers at all. In In this case, a layer of the finished tablet receives its compression, only through the mutual friction of the fibers.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche: 1. Feuersichere Platte, die hauptsächlich aus vom Wasser abgelagerten, durch ein organisches Bindemittel miteinander verbundenen, verfilzten Mineralfasern besteht, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, daß die Oberflächenschichten der eine durchschnittliche Dichte von 0,4 bis 1,2 g/cm3, vorzugsweise 0,6 bis 1,0 g/cm3, aufweisenden Platte eine andere Dichte als die innere Schicht haben. 1. A fire-proof plate, the deposited mainly from the water, is composed by an organic binder interconnected, felted mineral fibers, d a d g e k urch hen -zeichnet that the surface layers of an average density of 0.4 to 1, 2 g / cm3, preferably 0.6 to 1.0 g / cm3, having a different density than the inner layer. 2. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine nasse Lage des Fasermaterials wenigstens während eines Teils der Trocknungszeit in einer Warmpresse unter Druck getrocknet und dieser Druck verändert wird.2. A method for producing a plate according to claim 1, characterized in that a wet layer of the fiber material is dried under pressure in a hot press during at least part of the drying time and this pressure is changed.
DE1965N0027385 1964-10-13 1965-09-24 Fireproof panel and process for its manufacture Pending DE1291275B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4167264A GB1019208A (en) 1964-10-13 1964-10-13 Improvements in and relating to fire-resistant board material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1291275B true DE1291275B (en) 1969-03-20

Family

ID=10420784

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1965N0027385 Pending DE1291275B (en) 1964-10-13 1965-09-24 Fireproof panel and process for its manufacture

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CH (1) CH443613A (en)
DE (1) DE1291275B (en)
GB (1) GB1019208A (en)
NO (1) NO120462B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3145266C2 (en) * 1981-11-14 1985-08-22 Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim Roofing and waterproofing membrane
FR2572332B1 (en) * 1984-10-25 1986-12-26 Prod Cellulosiques Isolants INSULATED PART OF VARIOUS FORMS, FORMED BY A STACK OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT FIBER TABLECLOTS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO120462B (en) 1970-10-19
GB1019208A (en) 1966-02-02
CH443613A (en) 1967-09-15

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