DE1271724B - Binary counter for monitoring the length of lines in a device for producing control tapes for line typesetting machines - Google Patents

Description

Binary counter for monitoring the line lengths in a device for Manufacture of control belts for line typesetting machines The invention relates to a binary counter for monitoring line lengths in a manufacturing apparatus of control belts for line typesetting machines, in which by closing one each the key contacts assigned to the characters via at least one of the ones to be set Counting magazine assigned to the font and designed in the manner of a crossbar distributor and, via an encoder circuit, the width of the selected character in typographical points corresponding binary coded count value delivered and a short-term memory is entered, which depending on the position of an adding, Subtract the binary coded count or its complementary value Binary counter supplies, the stages of which with one in typographical units according to point and Cicero calibrated display device for displaying a measure of the filling the counter reading representing the line are connected.

For the control of line typesetting machines are increasingly used on special hand-operated devices equipped with a typesetting machine keyboard, z. B. perforators, manufactured code control tapes, in particular punched tapes, are used. The control tapes or punched strips must be produced in such a way that the characters one line by means of control codes provided for this purpose from that of the next Line is separated so that the typesetting engine can exclude a line before it the next begins to set. It is well known that those used in typesetting machines are used Matrices of different widths and the spaces between words, which are created by so-called spatial wedges are formed, variable in width between a minimum and a maximum value. Since there is a presettable one for all lines, within the same text in general the same length is required when manufacturing the control tape or perforated strip the character content of a line on one by the respectively existing space wedges excluded extent. An indicator for the filling of the Line must be the operator who manufactures the control tape or the punched tape enable the line to be timed by an end of word or a word hyphen to end.

Since in the production of a perforated tape you have control over the Filling of the line with regard to its excludability is not directly related to the set one Matrices can be done, as with the typesetting machine itself, the filling of the line must be already determined and made recognizable during the production of the perforated tape, so that the code combination for the line exclusion is punched in the appropriate place which later gives the command to the typesetting machine, the collected die line exclude and send away for watering.

To monitor the filling of each line must be in the punched tape producing device a suitable, to be actuated by hitting the keys Counting and adding device for those corresponding to the widths of the individual matrices Count values are provided. This counting and adding device must also be so be constructed so that it can be connected to a display device that provides a measure of the filling of a line, the length of which is required in each case Value is adjustable.

To allow for different fonts with each other different matrix widths, optional »counting magazines« are usually used, when a key is struck, that of the die in question determined by it Transferred the width count value assigned to the font to the counting and adding device.

The counting and adding device should not only correspond to the keys that have been pressed Counters = die thickness Counting unit save or add to the previous counter reading, it must also - z. B. in the case of a stop error - allow a correction with appropriate subtraction of the count value, if necessary allow a correct deletion of too many characters keyed and a corresponding return of the display device.

Now the absolute counting units for die widths are Cicero and Point, where 1 cicero is equal to 12 point.

A known device for producing register strips for the control of typesetting machines contains a binary counter made up of relays, which is designed for 1 / 12s Cicero as the smallest counting unit. To by 1 / 12s Cicero To get to a whole Cicero, it takes a sevenfold reduction in order the factor 2. The known device therefore contains a normal binary counter. Such a counter is now capable of 1 / z Cicero = 6 point and 1/4 Cicero = 3 Point to process; but it fails against all other even-numbered point units like 1 point, 2 point, 4 point, 5 point, 7 point etc. For the display now one likes An accuracy of 3 points may be sufficient, but it is by no means for the line length setting. All elements required for manual and machine set, such as weft, squares, Exclusion, Regletten, etc., are according to height and width in Cicero and point units manufactured and used; widths of, for example, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20 point etc. occur very often. Become these "pinpoint" exclusions used in connection with "non-point-exact" lines, this results in line mis-exclusions, which is very different due to the addition of the errors, especially in the case of multi-column sentences make disturbing noticeable.

A common binary counter in which, as is well known, each stage has a reduction caused by a factor of 2, is therefore not able to convert into even numbers by Cicero and point to calculate: Either Cicero are taken as a basis, then corresponds to 1 / a Cicero 11 / z point, or it is related to point, then 16 corresponds to point 11/3 Cicero. This unfavorable relationship is particularly evident with the presetting of the counter on given line lengths and noticeable in the display.

It is already a device for making register strips known for the control of typesetting machines, their die width counting on the Based on an eighth point. What is not known, however, is a facility through which a transition from even-numbered point units to even-numbered Cicero units is achieved.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a binary counter of the type mentioned in such a way that the conventional point-Cicero counting is possible, whereby the same technical means that accomplish the point-Cicero transition, also used for subtraction by adding the complementary value without carrying back will.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the output the second stage of the binary counter via a return transmission line to the input the first stage of the binary counter is connected in such a way that in the series of the point fractions the reduction factor for the transition from the second stage to the third stage 1.1 / z is, thereby also subtracting a count by adding that to the subtrahend corresponding binary complementary value without taking into account a carryover can be of the highest quality.

An embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing illustrated.

The binary counter BZ shown consists of twelve actual counting stages ZBM 1 to ZBM 12 and an additional stage ZBM13, the meaning of which will be explained later.

The first eight counter stages ZBM 1 to ZBM 8 are each assigned one of the counter control stages SZ1 to SZ 8. For the normal counting of the counting units (matrix widths) there is one supply line A each - only shown in the first stage; The binary coded signals, which are recorded in terms of value in the counter, arrive on these eight supply lines.

Below the counter levels ZBM4 to ZBM12 there are setting buttons ET which allow the counter to be preset to values from 1 to 6 points (1P, 2P ... ) and 1 to 16 Cicero (1 C, 2C ... ) in this way to define the line length at which the counter is "full".

The first four counter levels correspond - as already explained above - the counts of 1 / s, 1/4, 3 / s and 3/4 point. From the exit of the second stage a return transmission line leads to the input of the first stage.

The format setting or the presetting of the counter for different line lengths must be accurate to 1 point. The key line of the ET setting button, which is used to set the format »1 point«, therefore leads via decoupling diodes to the fourth counting stage (3/4 point) and the second counting stage (1/4 point). Likewise, when the format setting button for 2 points is pressed, counting levels 5 (11 / z point), 3 (3 / s point) and 1 (1 / a point) are applied. Another interpretation of the counter does not allow the conditions for the transition from point to Cicero, on the one hand with regard to the counting, on the other hand to the format setting, to be achieved or only in a more complicated way.

A major advantage of the binary counter according to the invention is that easy to perform binary subtraction.

The binary subtraction by adding the complementary value to the counter value is explained using a comparative example, which is initially based on a "real" binary counter: The number of digits in the counter is 5, so it applies 32 = 0. The number 17 = 1 0 0 0 1 is in the counter the number 3 = 0 0 0 1 1 will be subtracted or its complementary value 1 1. 1 0 0 added, where 13 = 0 1 1 0 1 receives. To get the correct value 14 = 0 1 1 1 0 To obtain, one can either add the complementary value plus one or, if this is simpler in terms of the process, the otherwise ineffective carry from the highest value level of the binary counter can be fed to the lowest value, i.e. close the counter chain to a ring.

However, this ring does not need to be formed in the present special meter. Because of the deviation from the level values 1: 2: 4: 8 ... to the level values 1: 2: 3: 6: 12 ... the complementary value is correct without correction; the comparative example for this meter gives: 17 = 1 0 1 1 0 3 = 0 0 0 1 1 11100 14 = 1 0 0 0 0 If you calculate with the representation 3 = 0 0 1 0 0, so 1 1 0 1 1, the same result is obtained if one takes into account the carried back from the second to the first stage.

Another feature of the binary counter according to the invention is the full circuit. It can happen that when "writing" on the control tape or punched tape, a Line is filled beyond the preset format. To the too much groped To be able to delete characters again, the counter must be able to go beyond the full state to count as well, because the format setting also causes the counter when the line is filled is full. The full state of the counter corresponds to z. B. the position of one with eight Code contact paths (1 / s to 16 Cicero) connected aperture Z of the display device at the right stop. As a result, the aperture must not be "overfull" - again from starting on the left - display the status of the counter, which is based on the preset format goes out, but must remain at the right stop until the over-full state through Deletion of the characters keyed in excess and the corresponding subtraction canceled will. On the other hand, the counter must emit a warning signal for the operator indicates the over-full condition, and he must by blocking the keys "elevator" and Prevent "return" of the device for the production of strips. That the overfilled Line sent for casting when using the perforated tape in the setting machine ("elevator" is the forward command, "retour"; causes the return the counter to the preset value; so by "back" the over-full condition could canceled and the elevator made effective).

For this purpose, the counter contains the additional stage ZBM13, which is tilted from its rest position to the working position by the reset pulse of the twelfth stage. Since the number of contact paths that sense the position of the diaphragm is limited for structural reasons, the follow-up control of the diaphragm would, in the present case, set the diaphragm to rotate counter-clockwise, unless an "overfull switching" is provided the counter has been "overwritten". This is undesirable for technical reasons. The operator could suspect that he has already started a new line and continue typing without having properly performed a line exclusion. Rather, it is desirable that, in the event of the counter being overwritten, the diaphragm runs to the point which corresponds to the full state of the counter; a warning signal must also light up. The over-full stage 13 of the counter immediately emits a signal for the warning signal (if one disregards the fact that amplifiers and / or relays are used to control the lamp). The control of the diaphragm, however, requires several individual measures, the type of which essentially depends on the type of diaphragm control and is more of a manual nature. An aperture control, illustrated for example in the drawing and serving this purpose, works as follows: The first pulse, which is applied to the already filled counter, flips the thirteenth stage, the output voltage of which goes from minus to zero. The normally open first transistor T 1 connected downstream of this thirteenth stage is blocked and the normally blocked second transistor T2 is thereby opened; the W relay picks up. The W relay brings a warning lamp (not shown) on the one hand, and on the other it interrupts the key lines from the »elevator« and »back«. The output of the first transistor is connected to the collective contact of the sign panel Z, which receives a negative continuous signal when it is "overfull" and forwards it to the four control stages of the drive motor (SM 1, SM 2, SM 3, SM 4) .

The four control stages are assigned to the eight contact paths of the diaphragm Z (1 / s to 16 Cicero) in such a way that each two contact paths corresponds to one control stage. If the control stages receive a negative signal, they control the motor that drives the shutter to run clockwise, and if there is a positive signal, it runs counterclockwise. In the case of "overfull" there is a negative continuous signal that controls the diaphragm to the right. So that the cover does not move beyond the stop and possibly be damaged, it contains an end contact on each side (ek 1 = right; ek 2 = left). If the ek 1 is reversed when it is turned to the right, it leads zero of the voltage R via a number of diodes D to the control stages SM1 to SM4 and derives the negative continuous signal. As a result, the motor is stopped for the further duration of the over-full state. If the characters entered too many are deleted or their count values are subtracted from the count by adding their complementary value to the subtraction circuit, stage 13 switches back to the idle state and emits a negative signal that opens the first transistor T1 and blocks the second. The collective contact of the diaphragm thus receives a positive signal which, because of the diode D, cannot be derived via the ek 1 , but acts on the control stages, which in turn move the motor to counterclockwise rotation. In each case, the control stages assigned to the contact paths are acted upon, which are. are in a position different from the counter reading.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. Binary counter for monitoring the line lengths in a device for producing control tapes for line typesetting machines the by closing one of the characters assigned to each Key contacts via at least one font assigned to the font to be set, according to Art a crossbar distributor and a counting magazine and an encoder switch one corresponding to the width of the selected character in typographical points binary coded count value is supplied and entered into a short-term memory, which depending on the position of an add or subtract switch, the binary coded count value or whose complementary value is fed to a binary counter whose stages start with a Display device calibrated in typographical units according to point and Cicero connected to display the meter reading representing a measure for the filling of the line are, characterized in that the output of the second stage (ZBM2) of the binary counter via a return transmission line to the input of the first stage (ZBM1) of the binary counter is connected in such a way that in the series of point fractions the reduction factor at the transition from the second stage to the third stage (ZBM3) is 11/2, which also the subtraction of a count by adding that corresponding to the subtrahend binary complementary value without taking into account a carryover from the highest quality Stage (ZBM12) can take place. z. Binary counter according to claim 1, one of the stages of which Drive device for setting a display device is controlled, characterized in that the counter contains an additional counter stage (ZBM13), which when the counting capacity of the actual counter levels (ZBM1 to ZBM12) responds, and means for displaying the "overfull" status of the meter, for locking the elements causing the line termination and for control as well as to hold the display device (Z) in the "full" position. 3. Binary counter according to claim 2, characterized in that the display device has end contacts (ek1, ek2) is provided, which in its end positions the drive device (M) stop, and that the additional counting stage (ZBM13), which by deleting the Characters exceeding the counting capacity and subtraction of the corresponding Counter values are brought back to their idle state, thereby means (SM1 to SM4) actuates the drive device (M) of the display device (Z) in the reverse direction switch on and the display device (Z) until it reaches a value corresponding to the new counter reading Control position. Documents considered: French patent specification No. 1254 424; Graphische Woche, 30, 1960, pp. 1003 to 1005; 23, 1961, pp. 784 bis 785; Linotype Post, Issue 52, 1961, pp. 6 to B.