DE1262883B - Device for the synchronous drive of several horizontal conveyors for manure and similar fibrous material - Google Patents

Description

Device for the synchronous drive of several horizontal conveyor lines for manure and the like fibrous material The invention relates to a device for the synchronous drive of several horizontal conveyor lines for manure and the like fibrous material, in particular with one connected to the horizontal conveyor lines Steep conveyor line in which the horizontal conveyor lines are hydraulically operated Piston drives attacking push rods are driven with reversing slides.

In the known devices of this type, each reversing slide operated by the piston drive belonging to it. That has the disadvantage that it is difficult is to bring about the common mode of the piston drives, which is necessary to a to achieve proper interaction of the various conveyor lines.

The present invention is based on the observation that the Conveying speed with hydraulic drives even with strongly changing loads can be kept largely constant and that it is therefore also possible with a high Degree of uneven loading of the individual conveyor lines, stroke differences largely turn off. A particularly simple one can be based on this consideration and achieve reliable common-mode switching in that one of the conveyor lines and, if one is available, the steep conveyor line as a synchronizing conveyor line is used and the reversing commands for all other conveyor lines through a clock generator, that should work in unison, there.

For systems without a steep conveyor, the one with the piston drive is useful of the synchronizing conveyor line connected clock as a hydraulic pressure relief valve (Clock valve) formed. This can be done with an electrical control switch be connected to actuate the reversing spool of all common-mode delivery lines, wherein the movable valve body the electric control switch z. B. over a Linkage actuated.

The timer valve can also be equipped with a hydraulic control switch be connected to actuate the reversing slide. The hydraulic one is advantageous Control spool nacli. Actuation by the clock valve a flow via a Flow throttle switched on and the pressure difference occurring at the flow throttle used to reverse the valve of the common-mode piston drives, which are designed as differential pressure valves to adjust. A particularly advantageous, sensitively appealing and stronger one An arrangement which avoids pressure surges when switching results from the fact that the differential pressure slide with the diving core one electrical inductor is connected and the amplitude changes the depth-dependent current in the coil for actuating the reversing slide to serve.

In the case of systems with an inclined conveyor line, the one with the inclined conveyor line connected clock generator are formed by two pulse generator cams, which are connected to the steep conveyor are connected depending on the path.

In order to ensure that the hydraulic drives are retracted during breaks in operation A holding circuit common to all hydraulic drives can assume a position be provided that after the interruption of an operating switch, the operating current maintains until the piston drives reach the retracted position to have. For this purpose, a first holding circuit can be provided through an overpressure valve is actuated, which only applies to the overpressure pulses in the interrupts both end positions of the piston drive, and a second holding circuit is assigned, which when the operating switch is in the extended position of the Piston drives is open, the first holding circuit bridged.

The invention is illustrated in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this shows FIG. 1 the circuit diagram of a manure conveyor system with several conveyor lines without inclined conveyor, F i g. 2 is a schematic representation of the conveyor line arrangement for the system according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 a modification of the circuit according to FIG. 1 for a system with a steep conveyor, F i g. 4 is a schematic of the conveyor string arrangement for the system according to Fig. 3, Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of one of the in F i g. 1 or 3 provided hydraulic drives, F i g. 6 a part of an inclined conveyor for a system according to FIGS. 3 and 4, F i g. 7 shows an arrangement of a switch-on valve for a hydraulic drive according to FIG. 5, Fig. 8 the scheme of two hydraulically coupled Common mode drives, F i g. 9 an embodiment of a hydraulic clock generator for a system according to FIG. 1 and F i g. 10 modification of the circuit according to FIG. 1 at Use of a clock generator according to FIG. 9.

The figures show devices for synchronously driving several Horizontal conveyor lines for manure and the like fibrous material, in which the Horizontal conveyor lines by hydraulically operated push rods Piston drives K are driven with reversing spools V. Let the invention be first illustrated using the exemplary embodiment of a system with six horizontal conveyor lines I2, I3, I4, II and III according to the scheme of FIG. 2.

In each case, three conveyor lines work simultaneously and in unison with each other, namely one of the four conveyor lines Ii, I2, I3, I4 and the two Conveyor lines II and III.

For all piston drives K working in unison, there are separate Pumps, PII and PIII and separate pressure medium circuits provided. The pressure lines D of the optionally switchable piston drives KIl, Die2, GI3 and K14 lead from the Cylinders of the piston drives via the associated reversing spoolV parallel to the pressure line the pump PI and the return lines R of all piston drives from the cylinders the piston drives via the reversing spool V in parallel through a return filter F into an oil collecting tank Sp, from which the three pumps Pl, PII, PIII transfer the oil Suction nozzle ST (see Fig. 5). The pumps Pl, PII, PIII are from a common electric motor M driven.

The selection of one of the piston drives KIl, K12, KI 3, ICI 4 for cooperation in synchronism with the piston drives KU and KIII takes place in that the reversing slide V of those piston drives which are to stand still do not receive any reversing pulses and as a result stop in one of its two end positions.

The reversing spool V are designed as solenoid control valves, which are operated via control lines s. The control lines s of the piston drives KIB, KI2, KI3, KId are connected to a selector switch W in a switch box a, its common pole with the control lines s for the conveyor lines II and III connected is. The switch box a is via a line b and an emergency switch serving main switch Z connected to the mains. In the switch box a is located In addition to the selector switch W, a main contactor C with coil c, main contacts cl, c2, c3 and auxiliary contacts c 4, c 5, an operating switch A and a pulse relay E with Coil e and contact ei. Main contactor C is engaged by operating switch A. and supplies the electric drive motor via its main contacts ci, c2, c3 M for the pumps.

Auxiliary contact c4 of contactor C is in a holding circuit H 1, from the neutral rail of the three-phase network via coil c of contactor C, the switch contact c4 and a switch contact gl an electrical control switch G (outside the control box a) leads to one of the three network poles.

The switching contact c5 of the main contactor C is in the control circuit S, from one of the three mains poles via the relay contact, the switching contact cS, the control lines s and the selector switch W to the solenoid control valves V the Conveyor lines II, III and the conveyor line switched on by the selector switch W. I leads.

The impulse relay E is designed as a changeover relay. His contact ei is used in one position (solid line) to close said control circuit S and in the other position (dashed line) to close a second holding circuit H2, the one from a mains pole via the relay contact ei and the coil c of the main contactor C leads to the zero rail of the network.

The impulse relay E receives current pulses from the control switch G, the is in turn actuated by a clock T.

This clock generator consists in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 (cf. F i g. 5) from a clock valve that reacts to excess pressure in the pressure line D of the Piston drive for the conveyor line III responds. This conveyor line thus serves as a synchronizing conveyor line and gives the reversing commands through the clock generator T. for the conveyor line II and in the exemplary embodiment by the selector switch W activated conveyor line Ii.

The piston drive of the Synchronisierförderstran ges III with its reversing slide V and its entire hydraulic system, as well as its connections with the electrical Switching device is shown in FIG. 5 shown in more detail. The piston drive exists in the usual way from a cylinder k 1, a piston k2 with piston rod k3, whose outer end is connected to the push rod of the associated conveyor line and pressure medium lines k 4 and k connected to the two ends of the cylinder 5.

A brake liner k6 and a brake pin k7 ensure when entering the end positions for braking the movement. The reversing spool V with its x-cylinder v X, slide v 2, electromagnet v 3 and its Rückstellfedervß is with channels and connections v S and v 6 to the cylinder connections k4 and k 5 of the piston drive and channels and connections v 7, v 8 to the pump discharge line D and to the return line R as well as an electrical connection to the control line 5. Will the Coil of the electromagnet v3 supplied via the control line S current, so are located the solenoid control valve V in the position shown in Fig. 5, in which the Slide v2 assumes its right end position. The pressure line is in this position D connected to both cylinder ends kL9 and k 5 via connections v 5 and v 6, so that both sides of the piston are pressurized and the difference in piston pressures, which results from the difference between the piston areas, is effective and the piston moved to the right so that the piston rod k 3 is extended. The Rücldaufleitung R is cordoned off in this position.

When the piston k2 reaches its right end position, the movement braked by the brake sleeve kG, and there is an increase in pressure in the pressure line D on. This increase in pressure is used to set the pace for the reversal to operate. This clock is in the example of FIG. 5 a pressure relief valve with valve housing t 1, valve slide or valve plug t2, Valve stem t3 and closing spring t4 as well as connections t 5 and t 6 for the solenoid control valve leading pressure line D and the pressure side of the connected pump PIII.

That led out through a packing of the valve housing t 1 upper end of the valve stem t 3 is used to operate a shift lever g3 for the electrical control switch G, which is attached to the outside of the valve housing tl and which is connected to the switch box a via a multi-core cable i.

When the pressure increases in the right end position of the piston k2 the clock generator T is made to respond and the circuit of the impulse relay E temporarily closed by the switching contact g2 of the control switch G the Excitation circuit m of relay coil e closes. The solenoid coil v3 of the control spool V, previously via the closed contact c 5 of the main contactor and the relay switching contact ei was connected to the network) by switching the relay contact, ei is de-energized and the slide v2 into the opposite position due to the oil pressure via an overflow channel v 9 brought, in which now the pressure line via the connection line k 4 with the right cylinder side and the connection line k 5 to the left cylinder side with the Return line R 1 ?. connected is. This means that the pressure only acts on them right annular surface of the piston k2 and now moves the piston to the left. The piston rod k3 is retracted (working cycle of the conveyor line).

Since the solenoid coils of the solenoid control valves are also used in the other conveyor lines are connected in parallel, the reversing spools are also used for conveyor lines II and Ii switched at the same time, regardless of whether the associated piston drives have already reached their right end position (extended position) or whether they would only reach this position later. The drives and circuits of these The rest of the conveyor strands are designed in exactly the same way as that shown in FIG Drive of the synchronizing conveyor, only with the difference that a clock generator T with electrical control switch G is not provided in them.

When the piston k2 reaches its left end position while braking the Movement through the brake pin part k7, there is again a pressure increase in the Pressure line D and in the clock T, which via the control switch G again one Current pulse to the impulse relay E gives and its switching contact el again lays left. The control circuits s of the reversing spool V and of the synchronizing line III as well as the conveyor lines II and Ii receive electricity again and bring their slide u2 2 in the right end position, in which the piston k2 to the right moves and the piston rod k3 is extended.

The hydraulic drives for the other conveyor lines are also equipped with a pressure relief valve, but only as a safety valve acts and not as a clock.

The holding circuits 111 and H2 are provided so after shutdown the system through the operating switchA the piston drivesK in their retracted Stand still. If z. B. that Switches off when the piston rod extends k3, the circuit of the contactor coil c remains with the holding circuit 111 its auxiliary contact c4 and the then closed switching contact g 1 in the control switch G closed. In the outermost end position, the contact is made by the clock g 1 of the control switch G is briefly interrupted, but at the same time is through Switching the relay contact ei a second holding circuit 112 for the contactor coil c closed. Only when the piston returns to its inner end position is through renewed actuation of the impulse relay E the holding circuit H2 is interrupted and at the same time by opening the switch contact gl in the control switch G as a result of renewed pressure increase in the pressure line also an interruption of the holding circuit 111 brought about. As a result, the contactor coil c is de-energized and the contactor switches the drive motor M for the pumps.

As a result, when the operating switch A is turned off, the system runs continue until the piston rods k3 of all piston drives in their cylinder kl have moved in.

As in Fig. 3 and 7, an on / off valve U be provided on the pressure line D or on the pressure chamber of the pressure relief valve housing tl is connected and has a valve ball u 2 in a valve housing u 1, which is pressed against a valve seat u3 3 by the pressure of the propellant, and thereby closes a return line u4 opening into the pressure oil tank Sp, and through the free end of a plunger u5 from its closed position into a detent ii 6 can be displaced so that the connected pump is directly connected to the return line u 4 to connect and the hydraulic drive device connected to it switch off with it. The plunger u5 of the on-off valve is under the influence of a Solenoid coil u7 and a compression spring> 8, which actuates the on-off valve, when the solenoid coil u7 receives power. As soon as the circuit u of the coil u7 is interrupted by pressing a button A 1 or A II, the valve opens U in the cut-off position. So can during operation of the conveyor line Ii and If necessary, the conveyor line II can also be put out of operation.

If the conveyor system, as shown in Fig. 3 and 4, consists of several horizontal conveyor linesI1, I2, II, III and a steep conveyor line IV, so will the work cycle for the conveyor lines II and III working in synchronism is not given by one of the horizontal conveyor lines, but from the steep conveyor line IV, by the contactor connected to the steep conveyor line IV, such as FIG. 6 shows is formed by two pulse generator cams t 10, t 11, which are connected to the steep conveyor drive element, for example, an endless revolving chain Y, are connected in a path-dependent manner. the revolving chain Y takes a carriage that carries a conveyor rake xl and through a linkage x2 and a crank pin x 3 are coupled to the drive chain Y, via the steep conveyor line IV, so that the car is in sync with the push rods the horizontal conveyor lines reciprocating along the steep conveyor line IV Exercises.

The cams t 10 and t 11 operate in one of their mutual displacement appropriate distance a control switch P with switch contacts p1 and p 2, which now has the task of the control switch G of the circuit according to FIG. 1 takes over for the conveyor lines II and III. The control switch P is a changeover switch formed, which remains in the new switch position after each pulse. Through the Switching cams t iO, the switching contacts p i and p2 are opened and activated by the switching cams tii closed. After the switching cam t3LO has passed, the control circuits are activated for the solenoid control valves V of the horizontal conveyor lines working in unison II and III closed. The switching contact p i is in the control circuit m of the coil e of the relay Ei with its two switching contacts e 11 and e 12. Is the switching contact p: t has been opened by switching cam t 10, relay Ei is de-energized, and his contacts eBB and e 12 are closed. It is then also the control circuit St for the solenoid control valves V of the conveyor rods II and III via the auxiliary contact eS and the relay contact e ii closed, so that the piston drives extend (idle stroke). The second relay contact e 12 is in the holding circuit H2 for the main contactor coil c. This circuit leads from the network point R via the contacts e ii, eS, e 12 to the coil c.

The switching cam located on the crank pin x3 of the trolley X. tlld closes the switching contacts Pl and p 2 in the control switch Relay coil e current, and relay contacts e ii and e 12 are interrupted. The control circuit 81 is interrupted by the relay contact enB. The solenoid control valves V of the control lines II and III are de-energized, and the piston rods k3 of the associated Piston drives KII and KIIo are retracted (working stroke).

It is important that in the embodiment of FIGS 4 conveyor lines working at different speeds are provided, namely the conveyor lines II, III and IV work at twice the speed like the conveyor line IB, which is switched on by the selector switch in the example shown has been. The control lines Ii to 14 must, since they work on both sides, in If possible, half as fast a cycle as the steep conveyor line IV and the horizontal conveyor II and III are driven. A pump PI of a different size is therefore required to drive it, with half the delivery rate as the pumps P II and PIII. The control of the circuit of the pump P1 takes place independently of that described above Common mode promotion of strands II, III and IV by a clock T, as it is in the Embodiment FIG. 1 has been described, which actuates a control switch Q.

So that when the system is shut down, all piston drives in the stopped in the retracted position is a holding circuit 111, as in FIG. 1 provided from the network point R via the contact g2 of the switch G and c4 to the Coil c leads.

Accordingly, also for the conveyor lines II and III and for the conveyor lines I separate clock provided. The one with the steep conveyor IV cooperating feeder conveyor line III and the manure from the conveyor lines I receiving collective conveyor line II are activated by the clock on the steep conveyor line controlled, while the conveyor lines I feeding the conveyor line II as in the leadership example according to FIG. 1 by an overpressure switch connected to the pressure medium circuit of pump 1, who operates the control switch G can be controlled. Correspondingly are in the circuit two separate control lines S1, S2 are also provided, one of which leads to the solenoid valve the conveyor lines II and III and their others to the solenoid valves of the control lines I leads. The control line 81 leads via the auxiliary contact c 5 of the main contactor and the Relaiskontaktega of the relay Ei, the control line S2 leads via a switching contact al of the operating switch A and a relay contact ddP of an additional relay D1, the coil d of which is controlled by the switching contact g 1 of the reversing switch G.

In the case of a clock generator T designed as a pressure relief valve, the valve body stroke of which as in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, directly for deriving the switching movement for the electrical control switch is used, a certain amount is required Prescribe the minimum stroke that the valve body t2 must perform before the valve opens. This easily results in undesirably high pressure surges.

To avoid this, one can, as shown in FIG. 9 is shown that Design the pressure relief valve so that it opens immediately when the overpressure occurs and the resulting flow via a flow throttle a pressure difference causes, which in turn a switching body to trigger the clock pulse emotional. In the construction shown, the valve bodies consist of disc springs t2, which are supported on fixed valve rings t21 and together with the valve rings enclose a valve chamber t22, which has a hollow shaft and a relatively small opening t23 with a correspondingly high flow resistance to one with the pressure line D via a connection t 25 and to the pressure side of the pump through a connection t26 connected chamber t27 is connected in the clock housing t28.

The cylindrical housing t23 of the actual pressure relief valve is screwed into the housing t28 of the clock generator and also serves to tighten the its outside arranged disc springs t 20 against the valve rings t 21. In A plunger t29 is mounted in its cylindrical cavity so as to be longitudinally displaceable, which is under the influence of a compression spring t30. The free end of this plunger t29 carries a coil core t31, which is enclosed by a current-carrying coil t32 is. This current-carrying coil t 32, together with the core t38, forms an electrical one Choke with variable resistance, the size of which depends on the immersion depth of the core t 31 is dependent. This diving depth is determined by the pressure difference that between the chamber t22 of the pressure relief valve and the Kammerkt27, which is directly is in communication with the pressure line, prevails. When the pressure relief valve is opened results from the flow through the flow resistance t24 inside the pressure relief valve a lower pressure than outside, so that the plunger t29 goes down into the tX relief valve is drawn into it. This reduces the inductance of the electric choke, and the current through the choke coil increases up to a threshold value. Through this If the current exceeds the threshold value, a relay E is triggered, that as well as the relay E in the circuit of FIG. 1 arranged and performs corresponding functions.

Fig. 10 shows the modifications of the circuit according to Fig.1 for the arrangement an inductive control transmitter t31, t32. Here, the holding circuit 111 is from the neutral rail via c, c4, dl of a relay D 1 to R closed, the circuit of relay D 1 from the neutral rail via its coil d, line m2, induction t32 to R and the circuit of the relay E from the neutral rail via e, dl (with energized Relay D 1) according to R.

F i g. 8 shows an embodiment in which a flow restrictor t24 differential pressure generated when opening a normal pressure relief valve t33 for Actuation of a differential pressure slide t34 designed as a change slide is used will.

The reversing slide t 34 of the synchronizing conveyor line works as a clock by switching the flow through the flow restrictor t24 maintained and thus also for his persistence in this situation and for the actuation of reversing spool v 34 connected in parallel of the other common-mode drives required differential pressure at the flow restrictor t24, which is determined by a corresponding hydraulic line S to the reversing spool V of the remaining common-mode piston drives is transmitted. For this purpose, the flow restrictor t24 is located in the return line R, which in the other position of the reversing spool t34 with the connecting line k5 of the piston drive KIII is connected.

Claims (15)

Claims: 1. Device for the synchronous drive of several horizontal conveyor lines for manure and the like fibrous material, in particular with one attached to the horizontal conveyor lines connected steep conveyor line, in which the horizontal conveyor lines through hydraulically actuated piston drives (K) engaging push rods with reversing spools (V) are driven, d a-characterized by the fact that one of the conveyor lines and, if one is available, the steep conveyor line as a synchronizing conveyor line and the reversing commands for all other conveying lines through a clock generator (T), that should work in unison, there. 2. Device according to claim 1 without inclined conveyor, characterized in that that the clock generator connected to the piston drive (KIII) of the main conveyor line (III) (T) is designed as a hydraulic pressure relief valve (pulse generator valve). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the clock generator valve (T) with an electrical control switch (G) to operate the reversing spool (V) of all common mode delivery lines is connected. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydraulic Valve body (t2) of the pulse generator valve (T) over the electrical control switch (G) actuated a linkage. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that by the clock valve (T) triggers a flow via a flow throttle (t24) and that the pressure difference occurring at the flow restrictor has a differential pressure valve (t29) adjusted, which in turn controls the electrical control switch (G) or control transmitter (t31, t32) actuated (Fig. 9). 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that as a movable Valve body of the pulse generator valve Belleville washers (t20), the outer edges of which are attached to fixed Valve seats (t 21) are provided. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the flow throttle (t24) between pressure line (D) of the hydraulic drive (K) and pulse generator valve (T) lies. 8. Apparatus according to claim, characterized in that the clock generator valve (T) with a hydraulic control switch (t 34) to operate the reversing slide (tor) is connected (Fig. 8). 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that by the hydraulic control switch (t34) after actuation by the timer valve (t33) a flow is switched on via the flow throttle (t24) and that the The difference occurring at the flow throttle is formed as a pressure differential slide Reversing spool (17) of common-mode piston drives adjusted. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the hydraulic control switch the reversing spool (T) of the main piston drive (KIII) itself forms and that the flow throttle (t24) for this purpose in the return line (R) of the main piston drive is switched on, so that the reversing slide of the main piston drive adjusted by response of the pulse generator valve (t33) and by the throttle differential pressure is held in its adjusted position while the reversing slide (17) of the other common-mode piston drives (KII) adjusted by the throttle differential pressure and be held in the adjusted position until the flow over the throttle is reached the other end position of the main piston drive it tears off. 11. Apparatus according to claim 5 to 7, characterized in that the differential pressure slide (t29) with the plunger core (t31) of an electrical choke coil (t32) is connected and that the amplitude changes of the depth-dependent current in the coil (t 32) are used to actuate the reversing slide (17). 12. The device according to claim 1 with a steep conveyor line, characterized in that that the clock generator (T) connected to the steep conveyor line (IV) by two pulse generator cams (tal0, tell) is formed, which is connected to the steep conveyor element (X) in a path-dependent manner are (Fig. 6). 13. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that a holding circuit (111, H2) common to all hydraulic drives is provided, which maintains the operating current for so long after an operating switch (A) has been interrupted, until the piston drives have reached the retracted position. 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized by a first Holding circuit (H 1), which is actuated by a pressure relief valve (T), which him interrupts only when the overpressure pulses in the two end positions of the piston drive, and associated with a second holding circuit (112) is the; when the operating switch (A) is open in the extended position of the piston drives is bridged the first holding circuit. 15. The device according to claim 14 without a steep conveyor, characterized in that that the first Holding circuit (111) is actuated by the timer valve (T). Documents considered: German Auslegeschrift No. 1,062,627.