DE121008C

DE121008C -

Info

Publication number: DE121008C
Application number: DENDAT121008D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung bildet eine Vorrichtung, um einen Theil des Abdampfes' von Lokomotiven und Dampfmaschinen zwischen dem Cylinder und der Ausströmungsöffnung des Abdampfes derart abzuleiten, dafs weniger Dampf aus dieser Oeffnung ausströmt, wobei es gleichzeitig nöthig ist, den Zug zu verringern, wenn derselbe unter wechselnden Bedingungen der Wirkung der Maschine eine übermäfsige Gröfse erlangen sollte. Gleichzeitig wird dadurch ein Gegendruck auf den Kolben unmöglich gemacht.The subject of the present invention forms a device to a part of the Exhaust steam 'from locomotives and steam engines between the cylinder and the Discharge outflow opening of the exhaust steam in such a way that less steam comes out of it Orifice flows out, and at the same time it is necessary to reduce the draft, if the same under changing conditions of the action of the machine become excessive should. At the same time, this makes counterpressure on the piston impossible.

Bei dem Erfindungsgegenstande geht der abgezweigte Theil des Abdampfes wieder in das Rohr zurück, so dafs eine ständige Circulation von Abdampf durch die Ausströmiingsöffnung stattfindet, und die Ausströmung gleichmä'fsig statt stofsweise erfolgt. Ferner kann dabei das Volumen des Abdampfes, während derselbe vom Cylinder nach den Ausströmungsöffnungen geht, variirt werden. Der Erfindungsgegenstand ist in beispielsweiser Ausführungsform auf beiliegender Zeichnung dargestellt.In the subject of the invention, the branched off part of the exhaust steam goes back into the Pipe back, so that there is a constant circulation of exhaust steam through the outlet opening takes place, and the outflow takes place uniformly instead of substance-wise. Furthermore, the Volume of the exhaust steam, while the same from the cylinder to the outflow openings is going to be varied. The subject matter of the invention is in an exemplary embodiment shown on the accompanying drawing.

Die Cylinder 2 sind an dem Gufsstück 1 befestigt. Aus dem Kessel gelangt der Dampf durch die Röhren 6 nach den Dampf kästen 4. Die Rauchkammer, deren Construction die gewöhnliche ist, ist mit 5 bezeichnet. Der Abdampf geht in gewöhnlicher Weise durch die Kanäle 8 nach der Ausströmungsöffnung 7. Von den Leitungen 8 gehen Zweigröhren 9 ab nach der hinteren Seite des Gufsstückes 1. Dieselben stehen mit dem Rohr 10 in Verbindung, welches mit einer nahe dem hinteren¹ Ende des Gufsstückes 1 befindlichen cylindrischen Kammer 12 communicirt.The cylinders 2 are fastened to the cast piece 1. From the boiler the steam passes through the tubes 6 to the steam boxes 4. The smoke chamber, the construction of which is the usual one, is denoted by 5. The exhaust steam goes in the usual way through the channels 8 to the outflow opening 7. From the lines 8 branch pipes 9 go to the rear side of the casting 1. The same are in connection with the pipe 10, which is connected to a near the rear ¹ end of the casting 1 communicates cylindrical chamber 12.

Die letztere ist grofs genug, um einen Theil des Abdampfes jedes Cylinders aufzunehmen und eine Zeit lang zurückzuhalten, wenn die Kammer geschlossen und nur die eine Oeffnung 10 für das Einströmen und Ausströmen des Dampfes verbleibt (wie das der Fall ist, wenn das Ventil 22 so eingestellt ist, dafs es einen Theil des am Cylinder abzweigenden Ausströmungsrohres 21 verschliefst). Die Kammer bildet dann einen Behälter, welcher abwechselnd einen Theil des Abdampfes durch eins der Rohre 11 und das Rohr 10 empfängt und dieselbe Menge von Dampf wieder durch dasselbe Rohr 10 und das andere Rohr 11 nach der Ausströmungsöffnung 7 gelangen läfst. Dieses Rückwärtsfliefsen des Dampfes aus der Kammer 12 nach der Abdampf leitung findet in den Zwischenräumen zwischen den regelmäfsigen Auspuffperioden statt. Ist beispielsweise der rechts gelegene Kolben durch den Dampf an das Ende seiner Vorwärtsbewegung getrieben worden, so findet der Auspuff am hinteren Ende dieses Cylinders statt, und ein Theil dieses Auspuffs geht durch eine der Röhren 11 und das Rohr 10 in die Kammer 12. Am Schlüsse der Auspuffperiode kann der in der Kammer angesammelte Dampf frei und ungehindert von dort durch das Rohr 10 und das Rohr 11 nach der Ausströmungsdüse gelangen. Die letztere gestattet dabei das Durchströmen des aus der Kammer 12 kommenden Dampfes, bevor das Ausströmen des nächst-The latter is large enough to contain a portion of the exhaust vapor from each cylinder and to hold back for a while when the chamber is closed and only one opening 10 remains for the inflow and outflow of the steam (as is the case, if the valve 22 is adjusted so that it is a part of that branching off at the cylinder Outflow tube 21 closed). The chamber then forms a container, which alternates receives part of the exhaust steam through one of the tubes 11 and the tube 10 and the same amount of steam again through the same pipe 10 and the other pipe 11 to reach the outflow opening 7. This backward flow of steam from the chamber 12 to the exhaust line takes place in the spaces between the regular exhaust periods. For example, if the piston on the right is through If the steam has been driven to the end of its forward movement, the exhaust finds it takes place at the rear of this cylinder, and part of this exhaust goes through one of the Tubes 11 and the tube 10 into the chamber 12. At the end of the exhaust period, the vapor accumulated in the chamber can be released and from there unhindered through the pipe 10 and the pipe 11 to reach the outflow nozzle. The latter allows the coming from the chamber 12 to flow through Before the outflow of the next

Claims

following exhaust can take place, which comes from the cylinder on the opposite left side and is also sent through the chamber 12 in the manner just described. It can be seen that the arrangement of the chamber 12 communicating with the cylinders and with the discharge nozzle in the manner just described makes it possible to divert part of the exhaust steam from one side of the machine to the other side of the machine by using each of the exhaust lines during the other line is free to work, so that in reality there is a constant circulation of steam through the outlet nozzle or the opening corresponding to it. This constant outflow is advantageous when the machine works with full power on significant inclines, or when starting, since the enlargement of the outflow opening works against the draft acting on the fire and thereby almost completely eliminates the possibility of counter pressure in the cylinders. In addition, the continuous supply of steam to the discharge nozzle, in addition to the complete utilization of the total amount of exhaust steam, has the advantage that the fire remains calm and that parts of it are not suddenly blown away, as is the case when the exhaust pipe is in the usual way in jamming he follows. In one embodiment, the inflow opening 10 into the chamber 12 can also be closed by means of a valve 22, which is advantageous when the machine is at a larger temperature. Speed, has little work to do, and the fire requires more pull; or the opening 10 can only be partially covered by the valve 22, in order in this way to reduce the amount of. to vary the exhaust steam arriving in the chamber 12. In this way, an alternating amount of exhaust steam flows out of the expediently likewise variable outflow nozzle, the changes in the amount of outflowing steam corresponding to the mutual position of the valve 22 and the opening 10. In some cases it is advisable to provide the chamber 12 with an outflow opening communicating with the outside air for the part of the exhaust branched off and into the chamber, instead of allowing the steam to pass through the outflow nozzle. Such an arrangement is shown in FIGS. It is represented by a tube 21 which communicates with the upper part of the chamber 12 and can be closed by the valve 22 described above without the tube 10 being closed. If both pipes 10 and 21 are open, the part of the exhaust pipe which reaches chamber 12 passes outwards through pipe 21, so that the force of the outflow through nozzle 7 is reduced. The valve 22 conveniently consists of a ring or hollow cylinder, so that this valve reduces the cross-section of the chamber 11 as little as possible and the steam, if the valve is set so that it closes the opening 21, still flows through the valve and all parts of it Cylinders can fill. The valve 22 is connected to the reversing lever of the locomotive, and this is done by a rod 13 located in the frame 30, which extends through a stuffing box located at one end of the chamber 12 and along which a .muffe 15 by adjusting screws or in some other way can be adjusted, which carries a pin or roller 16 leading along an inclined groove 17 of the slider 18. This slider moves in a fixed sliding guide ig and is provided with a rod 20 connected to the reversing lever of the steam engine. The arrangement is expediently made in such a way that, when the machine is working at full power, the valve 22 is set in such a way that it closes the outflow opening 21 and thus enables the chamber 12 to alternately receive the exhaust steam and it into the outflow nozzle in the manner described above. Pa τ ε ν τ - A ν s ρ R ü c η ε:

1. Device for the exhaust of steam engines of any kind, characterized in that that in order to achieve a uniform exhaust with the exhaust lines a container is in connection, which alternately receives part of the exhaust vapor through these lines and flows it again through the lines läfst, wherein devices are provided to the steam inlet and outlet in the Regulate container.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that in the container for receiving exhaust steam a slide is arranged for opening and closing of the simple pipe (10), which is from the exhaust lines to the container leading tubes (11) connects.

1 sheet of drawings.