DE1063739B - Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage neutraler Ester - Google Patents
Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage neutraler EsterInfo
- Publication number
- DE1063739B DE1063739B DEW21167A DEW0021167A DE1063739B DE 1063739 B DE1063739 B DE 1063739B DE W21167 A DEW21167 A DE W21167A DE W0021167 A DEW0021167 A DE W0021167A DE 1063739 B DE1063739 B DE 1063739B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- peacock
- copper
- phenothiazine
- light
- colored
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000692870 Inachis io Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- RMLPZKRPSQVRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(3-methylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OP(=O)(OC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)OC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 RMLPZKRPSQVRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LDZYRENCLPUXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C)=NC2=C1 LDZYRENCLPUXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SDXAWLJRERMRKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole Chemical compound CC=1C=C(C)NN=1 SDXAWLJRERMRKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004395 organic heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethylaniline) Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000177 1,2,3-triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUUNNVBBPBDFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylselanyldodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Se]CCCCCCCCCCCC KUUNNVBBPBDFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSIHEEJTKXIIJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecylselanylhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Se]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC MSIHEEJTKXIIJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZZYXQYXUHBZJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzylphenothiazine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HZZYXQYXUHBZJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSAFSORWJPSMQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 DSAFSORWJPSMQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILFYOWGJBKEMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10h-phenoselenazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3[Se]C2=C1 ILFYOWGJBKEMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBPSWYWJFWHIHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C BBPSWYWJFWHIHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJCYXXRRNYFVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-difluoro-10h-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=C(F)C=C2SC3=CC(F)=CC=C3NC2=C1 RJCYXXRRNYFVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000005020 Acaciella glauca Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100387923 Caenorhabditis elegans dos-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005001 aminoaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLRCXPABTCMRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC(C)CC(C)(C)C HLRCXPABTCMRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZTORLUDPYUCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-methylbutyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC(C)C AZTORLUDPYUCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYHRWRRIMHVFFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-methylpentan-2-yl) hexanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)CC(C)C LYHRWRRIMHVFFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Decanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003499 redwood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003342 selenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/10—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms cycloaliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M133/46—Imidazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
- C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/28—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C10M135/30—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
- C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHES
Die Erfindung betrifft Verbesserungen bei Schmiermitteln auf der Grundlage neutraler Ester bzw. Estergemische
mit einem geringen Gehalt von Verbindungen, welche eine —■C-S — C- bzw. — C — Se — C-Gruppe
enthalten, insbesondere flüssige Schmiermittel vorgenannter Art, die für einen großen Temperaturbereich
und die allerverschiedensten Betriebsverhältnisse geeignet sein müssen.
Es besteht seit geraumer Zeit ein erheblicher Bedarf an Schmiermitteln, die zur Verwendung in Verbrennungsmotoren
oder sonstigen Vorrichtungen, wo hohe Temperaturen in Frage kommen, geeignet sind, so beispielsweise
an Schmiermitteln für die Schmierung von Gasturbinen, insbesondere Propellerturbinen, bei welchen das Schmiermittel
nicht nur die Lager, sondern auch das Untersetzungsgetriebe zu schmieren hat und bei welchen die
Schmiermittel auch bei niedrigen oder sehr niedrigen Temperaturen, beispielsweise bis herunter zu —40° C
oder bis etwa —60° C, beständig und flüssig bleiben müssen.
Es wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, als Schmiermittel (besonders zur Verwendung bei niedrigen Temperaturen
geeignet) gewisse Diester aliphatischer Dicarbonsäuren mit verzweigtkettigen aliphatischen Alkoholen zu verwenden;
eine Anzahl solcher Ester ist in der Zeitschrift ^Industrial and Engineering Chemistrytf, April 1947,
S. 484 bis 497, beschrieben.
Neuerliche Verbesserungen in der Konstruktion von Gasturbinen haben die an Schmiermittel zu stellenden
Anforderungen noch weiter erhöht. Es wird von den Schmiermitteln nunmehr erwartet, daß sie bei hohen
Temperaturen, beispielsweise in der Größenordnung von 200° C, eine gute Oxydationsfestigkeit besitzen und
gleichzeitig keine korrodierende Einwirkung auf Metalle, wie sie beim Bau von Gasturbinen verwendet werden,
z.B. Stahl, Kupfer, Messing, Magnesium, Aluminium und kadmierten bzw. cadmiumplattierten Stahl, haben. Die
Schmiermittel müssen ferner zur Schmierung des Untersetzungsgetriebes bei den Turbinen für Propellerantrieb
hohe Belastungsfähigkeit besitzen.
Aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung W14895 IVc/23c ist auch bereits bekannt, daß man Di-oxyaryl-thioäther
den obenerwähnten Estern mit Vorteil hinzusetzen kann, um deren Oxydationsfestigkeit bei hohen Temperaturen
zu verbessern.
Weitere Beispiele für wirksame Antioxydantien sind Phenothiazin und einige seiner Derivate, wie sie beschrieben
sind in der ZeitschriftIndustrial and Engineering Chemistry*, Dezember 1950, auf den S. 2479 bis 2489.
Eine weitere Gruppe von Antioxydantien, welche sich bei hohen Temperaturen als recht wirksam erweisen, sind
die Dialkylselenide von verhältnismäßig hohem Molekulargewicht.
Obwohl diese Zusatzstoffe alle mehr oder weniger dazu beitragen, die Oxydation synthetischer Schmiermittel
Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage
neutraler Ester
neutraler Ester
Anmelder:
C. C. Wakefield & Company Limited,
London
C. C. Wakefield & Company Limited,
London
Vertreter: Dr. M. Eule, Patentanwalt,
München 13, Kurfürstenplatz 2
München 13, Kurfürstenplatz 2
Beansprucht© Priorität:
Großbritannien vom 14. Mai 1956 und 8. Mai 1957
Großbritannien vom 14. Mai 1956 und 8. Mai 1957
John Scotchford Elliott und Eric Descamp Edwards,
London,
London,
sind als Erfinder genannt worden
des Estertyps zu hemmen, so leiden sie doch unter dem Nachteil, daß sie dazu neigen, bei hohen Temperaturen
zu zerfallen, wobei dann Produkte gebildet werden, welche auf kupferhaltige Metalle und Silber korrodierend
einwirken. So z.B. können die Phenothiazin enthaltenden synthetischen Schmiermittel des Estertyps unter gewissen
Bedingungen bei erhöhten Temperaturen ein unerwünschtes und erhebliches Anlaufen von Kupfer und
kupferhaltigen Metallen oder Silber herbeiführen, während die Di-oxyaryl-thioäther mit Kupfer und kupferhaltigen
Metallen reagieren, um Kupferderivate zu bilden, welche bei sehr hohen Temperaturen, z. B. in der Größenordnung
von 280° C, dazu neigen, sich unter der Bildung von Kupfersulfiden zu zersetzen. In der deutschen Patentschrift
949 589 wurde darauf hingewiesen, daß die korrodierende Einwirkung der Di-oxyaryl-thioäther auf
kupferhaltige Metalle in der Weise herabgesetzt werden kann, daß man dem Gemisch gewisse basische aliphatische,
alicycHsche oder heterocyclische Amine hinzusetzt. Die Wirkung dieser Verbindungen ist aber bei den obenerwähnten
hohen Temperaturen nicht befriedigend.
Es sind auch Schmiermittel auf Esterbasis bekannt, die neben Thiodiarylaminen Zusätze an Bis-(aminoaryl)-alkanen, wie z. B. an Tetramethyldiamino-diphenylmethan, enthalten (französische Patentschrift 1082950). Aber auch derartige Schmiermittel befriedigten noch nicht völlig.
Es sind auch Schmiermittel auf Esterbasis bekannt, die neben Thiodiarylaminen Zusätze an Bis-(aminoaryl)-alkanen, wie z. B. an Tetramethyldiamino-diphenylmethan, enthalten (französische Patentschrift 1082950). Aber auch derartige Schmiermittel befriedigten noch nicht völlig.
909 SO8/395
I 063
Es wurde nunmehr überraschenderweise festgestellt, daß bei synthetischen Schmiermitteln des Estertyps die
Korrosionswirkung, wenn sie ein oder mehrere Antioxydantien der vorstehend erwähnten Klassen enthalten,
durch Zusatz bestimmter heterocyclischer Verbindungen selbst bei hohen Temperaturen weitgehend verhindert
werden kann.
Demzufolge enthalten Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage neutraler Ester bzw. Estergemisch mit einem geringen
Gehalt von Verbindungen, welche eine — C — S — Coder — C — Se — C-Gruppe besitzen, erfindungsgemäß
eine organische heterocyclische, in der Schmierölbasis lösliche Verbindung, die 2 oder 3 Stickstoffatome und
eine Kohlenstoffdoppelbindung in einem heterocyclischen Fünferring aufweist.
Überraschenderweise hat sich bei Vergleichsversuchen gezeigt, daß derartige Schmiermittel auch den in der
französischen Patentschrift 1 082 950 beschriebenen Schmiermitteln überlegen sind. Hierzu wurden in einfacher
Weise Streifen von Kupferfolie mit den ungefähren Maßen von 50,8 · 12,7 mm, die mittels Karborundum
glänzend gemacht worden waren, in teilweisB mit dem zu prüfenden Öl gefüllte Reagenzgläser eingesetzt, wobei
die Kupferstreifen völlig in das Öl eintauchten. Das ίο Reagenzglas wurde dann in ein mit Öl gefülltes
Becherglas eingesetzt und in einem Ofen auf 200° C erhitzt.
Dauer des Testes 24 Stunden. Als Basis wurde in allen Fällen Di-(2-äthyl-hexyl)-sebacat verwendet. Hierbei
ergab sich folgendes:
Versuch
Nr. |
Phenothiazin
in'/. |
Sekundärer Hemmstoff |
Hemm
stoffin °/o |
Aussehen des Cu-Streifens |
1 | 0,5 | keiner | Starke schwarze flockige Ablagerung an und über der Grenzfläche |
|
2 | 1,0 | keiner | desgl. | |
3 | 0 | Benzotriazol | 0,5 | Flockiges Schwarz an der Grenzfläche; sehr dunkle braun schwarze Flecken darüber |
4 | 0,5 | desgl. | 0,05 | Glatte schwarze Flecken über der Grenzfläche; Grenzfläche schwarz, etwas pulverig |
5 | 0,5 | desgl. | 0,2 | Glatte braune Flecken über der Grenzfläche; die letztere wie bei 4 |
6 | 0,5 | Tetramethyl-diamino- diphenyl-methan |
0,05 | Starke schwarze flockige Ablagerung an und über der Grenzfläche |
7 | 0,5 | desgl. | 0,2 | desgl. |
8 | 0,5 | desgl. | 0,5 | Wie bei 7, jedoch eine etwas geringere Ablagerung ober halb der Grenzfläche |
Der hier durchweg verwendete Ausdruck »Neutraler Ester« soll sich auf Ester mit einer Säurezahl von nicht
über 1 mg KOH je Gramm beziehen.
Es ist zwar schon bekannt, Verbindungen der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Art zu wäßrige Reinigungs-
oder Netzmittel enthaltenden Systemen zuzusetzen, um die durch solche Waschlösungen verursachten Mißfärbungen
an Metallen zu vermeiden. Hieraus war aber in keiner Weise zu entnehmen oder nahegelegt, daß
Verbindungen dieser Art bemerkenswerte Korrosionsschutzwirkung aufweisen, in Esterschmiermitteln, welche
— C — S — C- oder —X-— Se — C-Gruppen besitzende
Antioxydationsmittel enthalten. Insbesondere war daraus nicht zu entnehmen, daß Verbindungen dieser Art die
korrodierende Wirkung auch solcher Verbindungen unterbinden, welche aus — C — S-C- bzw. — C —Se — C-Gruppen
aufweisenden Antioxydation in Esterschmiermitteln bei höheren Temperaturen entstehen.
Die gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung zur Verwendung als die Schmiermittelbasis geeigneten Ester sind im
wesentlichen neutrale gesättigte Ester organischer Carbonsäuren und besitzen einen Viskositätsindex von mindestens
100, einen Stockpunkt bzw. Gefrierpunkt von über —40° C, eine Siede- bzw. Zersetzungstemperatur von
nicht 315° C und einen Flammpunkt von nicht unter 176° C Natürlich kann man Estergemische verwenden,
bei denen einzelne Ester einen Gefrierpunkt von über —40° C und einen Viskositätsindex von unter 100 haben,
vorausgesetzt, daß das Gemisch selbst die gewünschten Eigenschaften besitzt.
Die bevorzugten Ester haben die allgemeine Formel COOR1
XOOR2
In dieser Formel bedeutet R ein gesättigtes aliphatisches oder cycloaliphatiscb.es Kohlenwasserstoffradikal mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen. R1 und R2 sind
gleich oder verschieden voneinander, und zwar verzweigtkettige Alkyl- oder alkylsubstituierte Cycloalkylradikale
mit mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen. Beispiele für das Radikal R sind (CH2)n, wobei η eine ganze Zahl von
2 bis zu 8 ist, und
CH2
— CH CHXH2-
\ /
C
\ /
C
/ \
C H3 C H3
C H3 C H3
Während die meisten in die obige Gruppe fallenden Ester sowohl einen hohen Viskositätsindex als auch
einen niedrigen Stockpunkt besitzen, gibt es doch einige unter ihnen, wie z. B. das Di-(l,3-dimethyl-butyl)-adipat
und das Di-(3-methyl-butyl)-sebacat, welche verhältnismäßig hohe Gefrierpunkte besitzen, oberhalb etwa
—17° C, und daher normalerweise für den erfindungs-
15
gemäßen Zweck nicht geeignet sein würden, wenn man von der Vermischung mit anderen Estern von niedrigerem
Gefrierpunkt absieht.
Es ist ohne weiteres klar, daß man je nach den Bedingungen, unter welchen das Schmiermittel verwendet
werden soll, verschiedene Ester auswählen kann. So z. B. wird es für die Verwendung bei sehr hohen Temperaturen
vorgezogen, die Ester von hohem Molekulargewicht zu verwenden, insbesondere die höheren verzweigtkettigen
Diester der Azelain- und Sebacinsäure.
Die Antioxydantien bestehen, wie bereits angegeben wurde, aus organischen Verbindungen mit der Eigenschaft,
bei erhöhten Temperaturen die Oxydation zu verhindern; sie enthalten die Gruppe — C — S — C — oder
— C — Se — C —. Wenn auch die große Masse von Verbindungen
dieses allgemeinen Typs, so z. B. die aliphatischen Sulfide, gewisse antioxydierende Eigenschaften bei
erhöhten Temperaturen besitzen, so sind doch viele Verbindungen bei wirklich hohen Temperaturen, z. B. in der
Größenordnung von 175° C, wie sie bei der Schmierung von Gasturbinen anzutreffen sind, in dieser Hinsicht beschränkt.
Die bevorzugten Antioxydantien, welche bei hohen Temperaturen mehr oder weniger wirksam sind, gehören
zu drei verschiedenen Typen:
I. Di-(oxyaryl)-thioäther (vgl. deutsche Patentschrift 949 589), insbesondere die Di-(oxyphenyl)-thioäther, bei
welchen die Benzolkerae überhaupt nicht oder doch nur durch kurzkettige Alkylradikale substituiert sind.
II. Dibenzothiazine, vorzugsweise Dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Die Benzoradikale können weitere Substituenten, z. B.
Alkyl- oder Arylgruppen oder Halogene, enthalten.
Ebenso können aber auch die Selenanaloge dieser Verbindungen verwendet werden, d. h. also die Dibenzoselenazine.
Typische Beispiele für Verbindungen, die in diese Klasse fallen, sind
25
30
35
Phenothiazin (2,3,5,6-Dibenzothiazin),
Phenoselenazin,
Phenothiazon-3,
Phenothiazin-5-oxyd,
10-10'-Diphenothiazin,
10-Benzyl-phenothiazin,
7-Benzo-(c)-phenothiazin,
3,7-Difluorophenothiazin.
40
45
III. Dialkylselenide mit mindestens 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, ζ. Β. Dilaurylselenid und Dicetylselenid.
Die im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendeten Antioxydantien müssen eine Zersetzungstemperatur von nicht
xmter 200° C haben und eine angemessene Löslichkeit in den Estern, in welchen sie aufgelöst werden sollen,
besitzen.
Die erfindungsgemäß enthaltenen organischen heterocyclischen Verbindungen sind Imidazole, Pyrazole oder
1,2,3-Triazole; sie enthalten die Gruppen
-C-NH
C—R bzw.
-C-N
-C-NH
bzw.
— C —NH
ι \
I ^
—c—c
.;n
— C —N
60
55
70 worin R = H ist oder eine Alkyl-, Alkenyl- oder Arylgruppe vertritt.
Die ausgewählten Verbindungen dürfen nicht unterhalb 200° C, vorzugsweise nicht unterhalb 300° C, sieden oder
sich zersetzen; sie müssen in dem Schmiermittel in den Anteilsmengen löslich sein, in welchen sie verwendet
werden sollen.
Spezifische Beispiele solcher Zusatzstoffe sind
Imidazol,
Benzimidazol,
Pyrazol,
Benzotriazol,
2-Methyl-benzimidazol,
3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol,
Indazol.
Benzimidazol,
Pyrazol,
Benzotriazol,
2-Methyl-benzimidazol,
3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol,
Indazol.
Der größte Anteil des erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittels besteht aus den zuvor beschriebenen Estern. Die
Antioxydantien können in Anteilsmengen von 0,05 bis zu 5,0 %, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 2,0%, auf das Gewicht der
fertigen Masse bezogen, verwendet werden. Die organischen heterocyclischen Verbindungen werden im allgemeinen
in verhältnismäßig kleinen Anteilen verwendet, beispielsweise in Mengen von 0,01 bis 2,0 %, vorzugsweise
0,05 bis 0,5 %, auf das Gewicht der fertigen Masse bezogen.
Zu dem Erfindungsbereich gehören ebenso Schmiermittel, welche einen gewissen Anteil an Mineralöl enthalten.
Die zugesetzte Menge sowie der Typ des Mineralöls hängen in weitem Maße von den betreffenden Verwendungszweck
erforderlichen Stockpunkt ab; in keinem Falle soll jedoch der Anteil an Mineralöl 20%, auf das
Gewicht der fertigen Masse bezogen, überschreiten.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Dicarbonsäurediester des beschriebenen Typs
eingedickt durch den Zusatz von polymeren, von Estern der Acryl- oder alkylsubstituierten Acrylsäuren, z. B.
polymerisierte η-Butyl- oder noch höhere Ester der Methacrylsäure. Man kann Schmiermittel dieses Typs
herstellen, welche neben einer ausreichend hohen Viskosität einen sehr niedrigen Stockpunkt besitzen.
Wahlweise kann man zur Erhöhung der Viskosität der Schmiermittel an Stelle der Polymeren der Ester der
Acryl- oder alkylsubstituierten Acrylsäuren auch Polyester verwenden, so z. B. Polypropylen-glykol-sebacate
verschiedener Molekulargewichte.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann man dem Schmiermittel gewisse Amine
einverleiben, wie dies in der deutschen Patentschrift 949 589 beschrieben ist, um die Korrosion kupferhaltiger
Metalle herabzusetzen und dem Gemisch eine erhöhte Beständigkeit gegenüber der Oxydation zu verleihen.
Im allgemeinen werden diese Amine in verhältnismäßig kleinen Anteilsmengen verwendet, beispielsweise
0,01 bis 1,0%, vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 0,5%, auf das Gewicht des fertigen Schmiermittels bezogen.
Um die Belastungsfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel zu erhöhen, insbesondere wenn dieselben
für die Schmierung von Gasturbinen verwendet werden sollen, kann man den Schmiermitteln einen Anteil eines
oder mehrerer Zusatzstoffe hinzusetzen. Man kann beispielsweise dem Schmiermittel einen Anteil der
neutralen organischen Phosphat- oder Phosphitester (vgl. deutsche Patentschrift 958 686) einverleiben.
Falls es gewünscht wird, können auch noch andere Zusatzstoffe einverleibt werden, so z. B. Rostverhinderungsmittel
in der Form sehr geringer Mengen von MetaEpetroleumsulfonaten oder auch andere bekannte
Verbindungen, die in der Lage sind, die Bildung von Rost in der Gegenwart von Wasser zu unterbinden.
Spezifische Zubereitungen, welche gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendet werden können, sind als
Beispiele in den nachstehenden Tabellen der Testresultate angeführt.
Bei einer einfachen Testmethode wurden Streifen von Kupferfolie mit den ungefähren Maßen von 50,8 · 12,7 mm,
die mittels Karborundumpulver glänzend gemacht worden waren, in teilweise mit dem zu prüfenden Öl gefüllte
Reagenzgläser eingesetzt, wobei die Kupferstreifen völhg in das Öl eintauchten. Das Reagenzglas wurde dann in
ein mit Öl gefülltes Becherglas eingesetzt und in einem Ofen erhitzt.
Bei einer ersten Versuchsreihe, die nach diesem Verfahren vorgenommen wurde, setzte man dem Gemisch
kleine Anteile verschiedener Korrosionshemmstoffe hinzu. Das Gemisch bestand dabei aus Di-(3,5,S-trimethylhexyl)-sebacat
/ D. N. S./mit einem Gehalt von 1,0% einer technischen QuaUtätvonDi-(3-methyl-4-oxyphenyl)-thioäther.
Die Ergebnisse sind in der Tabelle I zusammengefaßt.
Versuch Nr. |
Hemmstoff | Hemmstoff in Vo |
Aussehen des Kupferstreifens nach 4 Stunden |
|
1 | keiner | dunkelbraun/schwarz, glatt | ||
2 | Benzotriazol | 0,1 | brauner Niederschlag auf hellem Kupferhintergrund | |
3 | Imidazol | 0,1 | braun/dunkelpfauenfarben | |
4 | Benzimidazol | 0,2 | sehr hell pfauenfarben, hellbrauner Niederschlag | |
5 | Pyrazol | 0,3 | hellbraun, weißer pulveriger Niederschlag | |
6 | 3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol | 0,5 | leichte Flecken | |
7 | Indazol | 0,3 | schwerer grünlichbrauner pulveriger Niederschlag | |
8 | 2-Methyl-benzimidazol | 0,2 | hellpfauenfarben | |
Aussehen des Kupferstreifens nach 22 Stunden |
||||
1 | keiner | schwarz, flockig | ||
2 | Benzotriazol | 0,1 | dunkelbraun | |
3 | Imidazol | 0,1 | braun/sehr dunkel pfauenfarben | |
4 | Benzimidazol | 0,2 | hellpfauenfarben, mittelbrauner Niederschlag | |
5 | Pyrazol | 0,3 | dunkelbraun | |
6 | 3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol | 0,5 | weiches Braun | |
7 | Indazol | 0,3 | schwerer dunkler brauner Niederschlag | |
8 | 2-Methyl-benzimidazol | 0,2 | hellpfauenfarben mit etwas dunkelbraunem Niederschlag |
Alle Hemmstoffe wurden hinzugesetzt zu D. N. S. +1,0% Di-(3-methyl-4-oxyphenyl)-thioäther; Temperatur
150° C; Dauer der jeweiligen Versuche 22 Stunden.
Aus der Tabelle I ist ersichtüch, daß alle geprüften Verbindungen mehr oder minder wirksam waren in der
Verhinderung des Angriffes von Kupfer durch eine technische Qualität von Di-(3-methyl-4-oxyphenyl)-thio-
äther oder durch im Gemisch enthaltene Verunreinigungen, und zwar bei 150° C
Eine zweite Versuchsreihe wurde unter den gleichen Verhältnissen ausgeführt, jedoch bei 200° C und auf die
Dauer von 6 Stunden; die Ergebnisse sind in der Tabelle II zusammengefaßt. Bei dieser Versuchsreihe wurden zwei
verschiedene Gemische geprüft, und zwar jeweils mit und ohne den Zusatz von 0,2% Benzotriazol.
Versuch Xr. |
Zusammensetzung des Gemisches | Hemmstoff | Aussehen des Kupferstreifens |
9 | 45% D.O. S. 1 45% D. N. S. 6% Polynonyl-methacrylat > 3 % Tri-m-toluyl-phosphat 1% p,p-Dioxy-diphenyl-thioäther |
fehlt | hellbraune Flecken |
10 | desgl. | vorhanden | matte Kupferfarbe mit etwas weißem Niederschlag |
11 | 88% Di-(2-äthyl-hexyl)-adipat 10% Polypropylen-sebacat 2 % Di-(3-methyl-4-oxyphenyl)-thioäther (techn. Qualität) +0,1 % Dicyclohexylamin |
fehlt | dunkelbraun, 10% schwarz |
12 | desgl. | vorhanden | mittelbraun |
Temperatur 200° C; Dauer des Versuches 6 Stunden; verwendeter Hemmstoff 0,2 °/0 Benzotriazol. In dieser
Tabelle bedeutet D. 0. S. Di-(2-äthyl-hexyl)-sebacat; das verwendete »Polynonyl-methacrylat« war Poly-(3,5,5-trimethyl-hexyl)-methacrylat,
und bei dem Polypropylensebacat handelt es sich um ein handelsübliches Präparat.
Aus einem Vergleich der Versuche 9 und 11 in der Tabelle II ergibt sich, daß die Hauptursache für das Anlaufen
von Kupfer infolge der Einwirkung von Di-(oxyaryl)-thioäthern bei Temperaturen in der Größenordnung
von 150 bis 200° C Verunreinigungen sind; dabei ergibt die verhältnismäßig reine Verbindung in Versuch 9 nur
hellbraune Flecken, wohingegen die in Versuch 11 verwendete Verbindung selbst in Gegenwart von Dicyclohexylamin
etwas Schwärzung ergab. In beiden Fällen erhielt man jedoch eine offensichtliche Verbesserung
durch die Einführung von Benzotriazol.
Bei einem ähnlichen Versuch mit einem Silbermuster bei 200° C erzeugte eine Lösung von 1 % Di-(3-methyl-4-oxyphenyl)-thioäther
in D. O. S. auf dem Silber dunkle Flecken, welche sich aber nicht bildeten, wenn man dem
Gemisch 0,2 % Benzotriazol hinzusetzte.
Antioxydantien des Dibenzothiazintyps, wie z. B. Phenothiazin, besaßen eine größere Wärmebeständigkeit
als die Di-(oxyaryl)-thioäther und ließen das Kupfer unter den Bedingungen des vorhergehenden Versuchs,
selbst bei 250° C (6 Stunden), nur leicht anlaufen.
Es wurde jedoch beobachtet, daß, wenn die Teststreifen nur teilweise in das Öl eintauchten, das Kupfer
oberhalb des Ölspiegels erheblich angegriffen wurde, insbesondere an der Öl-Luft-Grenzfläche.
Diese Korrosion konnte jedoch durch die erfindungsgemäßen Hemmstoffe erheblich vermindert werden, wie
aus der Tabelle III hervorgeht.
Versuch Nr. |
Zusammensetzung des Gemisches | Hemmstoff | Aussehen des Kupferstreifens |
13 | 56,5% D. O. S. ι 40% komplexer Ester I 3% Polynonyl-methacrylat [ 0,5 % techn. Phenothiazin J |
keiner | schwarzer, flockiger Niederschlag an und oberhalb der Grenzfläche |
14 | desgl. | Benzimid- azol (0,2%) |
weich pfauenfarben oberhalb des Öls mit brauner Linie an der Grenzfläche |
15 | desgl. | Benzotri azol (0,05%) |
weiches Braun oberhalb des Öls mit schwarzer Linie an der Grenzfläche |
16 | 94% O. N. S. 1 5% Mineralöl A I 0,25 % Calcium-petroleum-sulfonat (20 % in Mineralöl) [ 0,75% 7-Benzo-(c)-pheno-thiazin j |
keiner | schwerer dunkelbrauner, flockiger Niederschlag an derGrenzfläche und gerade darüber |
17 | desgl. | 2-Methyl- benzimid- azol(0,05%) |
weiches Hellbraun oberhalb des Öls mit dunkler Linie an der Grenzfläche. Kein Niederschlag |
Temperatur 250° C; Dauer des Versuches 6 Stunden; die Kupferstreifen waren teilweise eingetaucht.
Den in der Tabelle III angeführten komplexen Ester erhielt man durch Verestern von 2 Mol einer Dicarbonsäure
mit 2 Mol eines verzweigtkettigen aliphatischen Alkohols und 1 Mol Glykol; O.N.S. steht für 2-Äthyl-hexyl-3,5,5-trimethyl-hexyl-sebacat.
Das Mineralöl A war ein mit Solventnaphtha raffiniertes Mineralöl mit einer Viskosität
von etwa 65 Redwood-Sekunden (Redwood I) bei 60° C Eine weitere Reihe von Versuchen wurde nunmehr
ausgeführt unter Verwendung des Oxydations/Korrosions-Testverfahrens, wie es beschrieben ist in der
ministeriellen Materialvorschrift Nr. D Eng. / R. D. 2487 (Ausgabe 2 vom 1. Januar 1954), Absatz 7 · 4. Dieser
Test war ein kombinierter Oxydations- und Korrosionstest zwecks Messung der Neigung eines Öls zur Entwicklung
korrodierend wirkender Oxydationsprodukte bei erhöhter Temperatur. Die Ergebnisse sind in der
Tabelle IV zusammengefaßt, wobei alle Versuche bei 140° C auf die Dauer von 22 Stunden ausgeführt wurden.
TabeUe IV
Versuch Nr. |
Ester oder Estergemisch |
Zusatzstoffe | ||||
Kadmierte Stahlprobestücke mit Kupierkatalysator |
||||||
Gewichts änderung mg |
Farb Musters |
e des Katalysators |
Säurezahl zunahme mgKOG/g |
|||
18 19 |
Di-(3,5,5-trimethyl- hexyl)-sebacat desgl. |
keine 0,5%Di-(3-methyl- 4-oxyphenyl) -thio- äther |
-252,5 +6 |
korrodiert hellgelb |
hellpfauenfarben hellbraun |
10,0 0,4 |
909 608/395
Claims (1)
1. Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage neutraler Ester bzw. Estergemische und einem geringen Gehalt von
Verbindungen, welche eine — C — S — C- bzw.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB14989/56A GB824114A (en) | 1956-05-14 | 1956-05-14 | Improvements in or relating to lubricating compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1063739B true DE1063739B (de) | 1959-08-20 |
Family
ID=10051110
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEW21167A Pending DE1063739B (de) | 1956-05-14 | 1957-05-13 | Schmiermittel auf der Grundlage neutraler Ester |
Country Status (6)
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---|---|
US (1) | US2971912A (de) |
BE (1) | BE557513A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1063739B (de) |
FR (1) | FR1175008A (de) |
GB (1) | GB824114A (de) |
NL (2) | NL108246C (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE586528A (de) * | 1959-01-14 | |||
US3148147A (en) * | 1961-01-31 | 1964-09-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | 2, 2-dialkyl-1, 3-propanediol diesters as functional fluids |
US3255110A (en) * | 1962-07-30 | 1966-06-07 | Chevron Res | Lubricating composition |
US3696851A (en) * | 1964-02-11 | 1972-10-10 | Geigy Chem Corp | Chemical compounds and compositions |
GB1036695A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1966-07-20 | Shell Int Research | Improvements in or relating to ester base compositions |
BE759166A (fr) * | 1969-06-25 | 1971-05-19 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Composition d'huile lubrifiante |
DE2429512C2 (de) * | 1974-06-20 | 1982-04-01 | Rhein-Chemie Rheinau Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Verwendung einer konzentrierten Lösung von Benzotriazol und/oder Tetrahydrobenzotriazol als Korrosionsschutzmittel |
US6046144A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 2000-04-04 | R.T. Vanderbilt Co., Inc. | Combination of phosphate based additives and sulfonate salts for hydraulic fluids and lubricating compositions |
GB9816951D0 (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 1998-09-30 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives Ltd | Turbine and R&O oils containing neutral rust inhibitors |
TWI757376B (zh) | 2016-12-09 | 2022-03-11 | 美商藝康美國公司 | 頂壓回收渦輪沉積控制 |
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US2618606A (en) * | 1949-02-04 | 1952-11-18 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions containing metal discoloration inhibitors |
US2618608A (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1952-11-18 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions containing metal discoloration inhibitors |
GB700804A (en) * | 1949-06-18 | 1953-12-09 | California Research Corp | Lubricating oil compositions |
FR1082950A (fr) * | 1952-06-27 | 1955-01-04 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Compositions lubrifiantes |
FR1112197A (fr) * | 1953-09-17 | 1956-03-09 | Wakefield & Co Ltd C C | Perfectionnements aux compositions lubrifiantes |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US1805953A (en) * | 1928-08-17 | 1931-05-19 | Harold A Morton | Mineral oil and anti-oxidant agent and process |
US2370552A (en) * | 1941-03-20 | 1945-02-27 | Continental Oil Co | Method of inhibiting deterioration of organic compounds |
US2508617A (en) * | 1947-04-02 | 1950-05-23 | Cities Service Oil Co | Colored lubricating oil |
BE505439A (de) * | 1950-08-24 | |||
US2642396A (en) * | 1952-05-01 | 1953-06-16 | Texas Co | Hydrocarbon oil containing a mercaptobenzimidazole |
US2692191A (en) * | 1952-06-24 | 1954-10-19 | Texas Co | Unsaturated mineral oil distillate containing a mercaptobenzimidazole and an arylidene amine |
US2754216A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1956-07-10 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Metal deactivator |
-
0
- NL NL217260D patent/NL217260A/xx unknown
- NL NL108246D patent/NL108246C/xx active
- BE BE557513D patent/BE557513A/xx unknown
-
1956
- 1956-05-14 GB GB14989/56A patent/GB824114A/en not_active Expired
-
1957
- 1957-05-13 US US658519A patent/US2971912A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1957-05-13 DE DEW21167A patent/DE1063739B/de active Pending
- 1957-05-13 FR FR1175008D patent/FR1175008A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2618606A (en) * | 1949-02-04 | 1952-11-18 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions containing metal discoloration inhibitors |
GB700804A (en) * | 1949-06-18 | 1953-12-09 | California Research Corp | Lubricating oil compositions |
FR1082950A (fr) * | 1952-06-27 | 1955-01-04 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Compositions lubrifiantes |
US2618608A (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1952-11-18 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions containing metal discoloration inhibitors |
FR1112197A (fr) * | 1953-09-17 | 1956-03-09 | Wakefield & Co Ltd C C | Perfectionnements aux compositions lubrifiantes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB824114A (en) | 1959-11-25 |
FR1175008A (fr) | 1959-03-19 |
NL108246C (de) | |
NL217260A (de) | |
BE557513A (de) | |
US2971912A (en) | 1961-02-14 |
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