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DE10348385A1 - Recirculation control for fuel cell vehicles with air-cooled battery - Google Patents

Recirculation control for fuel cell vehicles with air-cooled battery Download PDF

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Publication number
DE10348385A1
DE10348385A1 DE10348385A DE10348385A DE10348385A1 DE 10348385 A1 DE10348385 A1 DE 10348385A1 DE 10348385 A DE10348385 A DE 10348385A DE 10348385 A DE10348385 A DE 10348385A DE 10348385 A1 DE10348385 A1 DE 10348385A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
mass flow
cooling
air mass
drive cell
passenger compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE10348385A
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German (de)
Inventor
Ulrich Dipl.-Ing. Appt (Fh)
Joachim Dr. Currle
Heribert Dipl.-Ing. Riemann (FH)
Gerhard Schaal
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
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Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority to DE10348385A priority Critical patent/DE10348385A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2004/010445 priority patent/WO2005037583A1/en
Publication of DE10348385A1 publication Critical patent/DE10348385A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/003—Component temperature regulation using an air flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/34—Cabin temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Luftführungssystem zur Kühlung einer als Brennstoffzellenanlage ausgebildeten Antriebszelle (2) eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Der in eine Fahrgastzelle (1) geleitete und mittels einer Klimaanlage (4) gekühlte Frischluftmassestrom (3.1) wird dem Umluftmassestrom (3.4) zugeführt und letztlich als Kühlmassestrom (3.2) zur Kühlung der Antriebszelle (2) eingesetzt. In die Fahrgastzelle (1) wird dieselbe Menge Frischluftmassestrom (3.1) eingeleitet, wie nach der Kühlung der Antriebszelle (2) an Abluftmassestrom (3.3) abgeschieden wird.The invention relates to an air duct system for cooling a drive cell (2) of a motor vehicle designed as a fuel cell system. The fresh air mass flow (3.1) conducted into a passenger compartment (1) and cooled by means of an air conditioning unit (4) is fed to the circulating air mass flow (3.4) and finally used as cooling mass flow (3.2) for cooling the drive cell (2). In the passenger compartment (1) the same amount fresh air mass flow (3.1) is initiated, as after cooling of the drive cell (2) is deposited on exhaust air mass flow (3.3).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Luftführungssystem für eine Fahrgastzelle und eine Antriebszelle mit einer Batterie oder Brennstoffzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem in die Fahrgastzelle eingeleiteten Frischluftmassestrom, einem die Antriebszelle kühlenden Kühlmassestrom und einem in die Atmosphäre abgeführten Abluftmassestrom.The The invention relates to an air guidance system for a passenger compartment and a power cell with a battery or fuel cell of a Motor vehicle with an introduced into the passenger compartment fresh air mass flow, a cooling the drive cell Cooling mass flow and one in the atmosphere dissipated Exhaust mass flow.

Es ist bereits ein gattungsgemäßes Kühlsystem für eine Brennstoffzellenanlage aus der DE 196 29 084 C2 bekannt. Durch das gegebenenfalls sekundäre Kühlsystem fließt ein gasförmiges Kühlmedium. Die Brennstoffzellenanlage ist so angeordnet, dass das sekundäre Kühlmedium ganz oder teilweise durch den Staudruck des Fahrtwindes in das Kühlsystem der Brennstoffzellenanlage eingeleitet wird.It is already a generic cooling system for a fuel cell system from the DE 196 29 084 C2 known. Due to the optionally secondary cooling system, a gaseous cooling medium flows. The fuel cell system is arranged so that the secondary cooling medium is wholly or partially initiated by the back pressure of the airstream in the cooling system of the fuel cell system.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Luftführungssystem für eine Antriebszelle derart auszubilden, dass die Kühlung der Antriebszelle genauer regelbar und energiesparend ist.Of the Invention is based on the object, an air ducting system for a drive cell in such a way that the cooling the drive cell is more precisely adjustable and energy-saving.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, dass eine Belüftungsvorrichtung oder eine Klimaanlage des Fahrzeugs die Luft innerhalb einer Fahrgastzelle in einem Umluftbetriebsmodus zumindest teilweise zirkulieren lässt, wobei der wesentliche Anteil des in die Fahrgastzelle zugeführten Frischluftmassenstroms nach dem Durchströmen der Fahrgastzelle als Kühlmassenstrom der Antriebszelle zugeführt wird und der Kühlmassenstrom unmittelbar nach dem Kühlen der Antriebszelle in die Atmosphäre abgeführt wird.Is solved the task according to the invention by that a ventilation device or an air conditioning system of the vehicle, the air within a passenger compartment circulate at least partially in a circulating air operating mode, wherein the essential portion of the fresh air mass flow supplied to the passenger compartment after flowing through the passenger compartment as a cooling mass flow supplied to the drive cell is and the cooling mass flow immediately after cooling the drive cell into the atmosphere dissipated becomes.

Hierdurch wird erreicht dass beim Einsatz einer Klimaanlage der gekühlte Frisch- oder Umluftmassenstrom zum Kühlen der Antriebszelle eingesetzt wird. Das niedrige Temperaturniveau des klimatisierten Frischluftmassestroms wird in vorteilhafter Weise zum Kühlen der Antriebszelle genutzt. Nach dem Kühlen der Antriebszelle wird die wieder zugeführte Wärmemenge mit dem Abluftmassestrom abgeführt.hereby is achieved when using an air conditioner, the cooled fresh or circulating air mass flow for cooling the drive cell is used. The low temperature level the conditioned fresh air mass flow is in an advantageous manner for cooling used the drive cell. After cooling the drive cell is the fed again heat discharged with the exhaust air mass flow.

In einer Ausführung ist vorgesehen, dass der Frischluftmassenstrom gleich dem Abluftmassenstrom ist. Das Volumen des Frischluftmassenstroms entspricht somit dem Volumen des Abluftmassenstroms. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass die in der Frischluft enthaltene Kälteenergie optimal ausgenutzt wird, indem sie neben der Klimatisierung der Fahrzeugkabine auch zur Kühlung der Antriebszelle genutzt wird. Wenn kein Abluftmassestrom abgeführt wird, wird auch kein Frischluftmassestrom zugeführt.In an execution is provided that the fresh air mass flow equal to the exhaust air mass flow is. The volume of the fresh air mass flow thus corresponds to the Volume of the exhaust air mass flow. This will ensure that optimally utilized the cold energy contained in the fresh air is by placing next to the air conditioning of the vehicle cabin too for cooling the drive cell is used. If no exhaust air mass flow is discharged, also no fresh air mass flow is supplied.

Eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung, dass der in der Fahrgastzelle zirkulierende Umluftmassestrom nahezu identisch dem gesamten in der Fahrgastzelle befindlichen Luftmassestrom, vermindert um den Abluftmassestrom ist. Damit ist sichergestellt, dass die gesamte aus der Fahrgastzelle abgeführte Luft zum Kühlen der Antriebszelle eingesetzt wird.A additional possibility is according to a further development, that circulating air mass flow circulating in the passenger compartment is almost identical to the total air mass flow in the passenger compartment, reduced by the exhaust air mass flow. This ensures that the entire discharged from the passenger compartment air for cooling the Drive cell is used.

Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, dass die mittlere Temperatur des Abluftmassestroms gegenüber der mittleren Temperatur der Oberfläche der Antriebszelle nur um wenige Grad, vorzugsweise um maximal 5° Celsius abweicht. Die Kühlung der Antriebszelle ist so ausgelegt, dass der Kühlmassestrom genau so viel Wärme von der Antriebszelle abführt wie abhängig vom jeweiligen Lastfall nötig ist. Die spezifische, also auf die Masse bezogene Wärmekapazität des Kühlmassestroms wird dabei voll ausgeschöpft. Hierzu ist die Oberfläche der Antriebszelle hinsichtlich eines optimalen Wärmeaustauschs entsprechend groß ausgebildet.Further it is advantageous that the average temperature of the exhaust air mass flow across from the mean temperature of the surface of the drive cell only to a few degrees, preferably deviates by a maximum of 5 ° Celsius. The cooling of the Drive cell is designed so that the cooling mass flow just as much Heat from the drive cell dissipates how dependent required by the respective load case is. The specific, that is related to the mass heat capacity of the cooling mass flow is fully exploited. This is the surface the drive cell according to an optimal heat exchange accordingly big educated.

Vorteilhaft ist es hierzu auch, dass der Kühlmassestrom nach dem Kühlen der Antriebszelle als Abluftmassestrom an die Umgebung abgeführt wird. Der bei einer optimalen Ausnutzung der spezifischen Wärmekapazität auf die Temperatur der Antriebszelle aufgeheizte Kühlmassestrom wird nach dem Kühlen unmittelbar in die Atmosphäre abgeführt. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass die Kabineninnentemperatur durch den aufgeheizten Kühlmassestrom ansteigt.Advantageous it is also this that the cooling mass flow after cooling the drive cell is discharged as exhaust air mass flow to the environment. Of the with an optimal utilization of the specific heat capacity on the Temperature of the drive cell heated cooling mass flow is after the Cool immediately into the atmosphere dissipated. This prevents the cabin interior temperature from being exceeded by the heated cooling mass flow increases.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist schließlich vorgesehen, dass zur Regelung eines optimalen Verhältnisses von Frischluft zu Umluft innerhalb einer Fahrzeug-Klimaanlage ein Wärmestrom der Antriebszelle und/oder der Lastzustand der Antriebszelle, und/oder der Kühlmassenstrom als Regelgröße einbezogen wird bzw. werden. Damit wird erreicht, dass der Frischluftmassestrom und der Umluftmassestrom in Abhängigkeit des Kühlungsbedarfs der Antriebszelle geregelt wird.According to one preferred embodiment of inventive solution after all provided that to regulate an optimal ratio from fresh air to recirculated air inside a vehicle air conditioner heat flow the drive cell and / or the load state of the drive cell, and / or the Cooling mass flow is included as a controlled variable or be. This ensures that the fresh air mass flow and the circulating air mass flow in dependence the cooling demand the drive cell is regulated.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist für die vorliegende Erfindung, dass die Fahrgastzelle in unmittelbarer Nähe der Antriebszelle eine Entlüftungsöffnung für den Kühlmassenstrom aufweist, durch die der Kühlmassenstrom als Abluft in die Umgebung geführt wird. Durch Verstellen einer Klappe der Entlüftungsöffnung wird der Abluftmassestrom geregelt.From special meaning is for the present invention that the passenger compartment in the immediate Near the Drive cell a vent for the cooling mass flow has, through which the cooling mass flow is conducted as exhaust air into the environment. By adjusting a flap of the vent, the exhaust air mass flow regulated.

Im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung und Anordnung ist es von Vorteil, dass in Strömungsrichtung des Frischluftmassestroms direkt hinter einer Eintrittsöffnung der Fahrgastzelle eine Umluftklappe zur Regelung des Frischluftmassestroms und/oder des Umluftmassestroms angeordnet ist. Damit wird entsprechend der für die Kühlung der Antriebszelle erforderlichen Parameter die Frischluftzufuhr zwischen einem Minimum und einem Maximum eingestellt. Bei minimaler Frischluftzufuhr ist die Eintrittsöffnung geschlossen.In connection with the design and arrangement according to the invention, it is advantageous that in the flow direction of the fresh air mass flow directly behind an inlet opening of the passenger compartment a recirculation damper for controlling the fresh air mass flow and / or the circulating air mass flow is arranged. This will be according to the For the cooling of the drive cell required parameters, the fresh air supply between a minimum and a maximum set. With minimal supply of fresh air, the inlet opening is closed.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass der Antriebszelle zur Regelung des Frischluftmassestroms und/oder des Umluftmassestroms ein Kühlgebläse zugeordnet ist. Neben dem der Eintrittsöffnung der Fahrgastzelle zugeordneten konventionellen Gebläse unterstützt das Kühlgebläse die erforderliche Dynamik der Luftmassen im gesamten Kühl- und Umluftsystem.Advantageous it is also that the drive cell for controlling the fresh air mass flow and / or the circulating air mass flow is associated with a cooling fan. Next to the the entrance opening the passenger compartment associated conventional fan supports the Cooling fan the required Dynamics of the air masses in the entire cooling and recirculation system.

Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, dass der Kühlmassestrom die Antriebszelle durchströmt und/oder die Entlüftungsöffnung für den Abluftmassestrom in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur des Kühlmassestroms regelbar ist. Um die spezifische Wärmekapazität des Kühlmassestroms voll auszuschöpfen, ist es für den Wärmetransport vorteilhaft, den Kühlmassestrom möglichst lange mit der Antriebszelle in Kontakt zu bringen. Die Klappe der Entlüftungsöffnung ist verschließbar und somit der Abluftmassestrom in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur des Kühlmassestroms regelbar.Besides that is it is advantageous that the cooling mass flow flows through the drive cell and / or the vent for the exhaust air mass flow dependent on the temperature of the cooling mass flow adjustable is. To the specific heat capacity of the cooling mass flow to fully exploit is it for the heat transport advantageous, the cooling mass flow as possible long with the drive cell in contact. The flap of Vent is lockable and thus the exhaust air mass flow as a function of the temperature of the Cooling mass flow adjustable.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in den Patentansprüchen und in der Beschreibung erläutert und in der Figur dargestellt.Further Advantages and details of the invention are in the claims and explained in the description and shown in the figure.

Im hinteren Bereich einer Fahrgastzelle 1 ist eine Antriebszelle 2 vorgesehen, die als Hochleistungsbatterie oder als Brennstoffzellenanlage ausgebildet ist.In the rear of a passenger compartment 1 is a drive cell 2 provided, which is designed as a high-performance battery or as a fuel cell system.

Zur Kühlung der Antriebszelle 2 durchströmt ein Kühlmassestrom 3.2 die Antriebszelle 2. Der erhitzte Kühlmassenstrom 3.2 wird als Abluftmassestrom 3.3 über eine Entlüftungsöffnung 1.1 in die Atmosphäre abgeführt.For cooling the drive cell 2 flows through a cooling mass flow 3.2 the drive cell 2 , The heated cooling mass flow 3.2 is called exhaust air mass flow 3.3 via a vent 1.1 discharged into the atmosphere.

Mit dem Abführen des Abluftmassenstroms 3.3 wird ein Frischluftmassenstrom 3.1 über eine Eintrittsöffnung 1.2 in die Fahrgastzelle 1 geleitet. Der Frischluftmassenstrom 3.1 ist im Volumen identisch dem Abluftmassenstrom 3.3. Der Frischluftmassenstrom 3.1 wird mittels einer Klimaanlage 4 gekühlt und dem in der Fahrgastzelle 1 zirkulierenden Umluftmassenstrom 3.4 zugeführt.With the removal of the exhaust air mass flow 3.3 becomes a fresh air mass flow 3.1 via an entrance opening 1.2 in the passenger compartment 1 directed. The fresh air mass flow 3.1 is identical in volume to the exhaust air mass flow 3.3 , The fresh air mass flow 3.1 is by means of an air conditioner 4 cooled and in the passenger compartment 1 circulating circulating air mass flow 3.4 fed.

Entsprechend den Anforderungen an die Kühlung der Antriebszelle 2, wird der Kühlmassenstrom 3.2 in Abhängigkeit der erforderlichen Kühlleistung für die Antriebszelle 2 geregelt. In ständigem Austausch wird der Kühlmassenstrom 3.2 vom in der Fahrgastzelle 1 zirkulierenden Luftmassenstrom 3.4 abgezweigt und mit dem Abführen von erhitzter Kühlluft 3.2 in Form von Abluft 3.3 wird wieder Frischluft 3.1 in die Fahrgastzelle 1 geleitet. Das in der Fahrgastzelle 1 befindliche Luftvolumen bleibt dabei annähernd konstant.According to the requirements for the cooling of the drive cell 2 , the cooling mass flow becomes 3.2 depending on the required cooling capacity for the drive cell 2 regulated. In constant exchange, the cooling mass flow 3.2 from in the passenger compartment 1 circulating air mass flow 3.4 branched off and with the discharge of heated cooling air 3.2 in the form of exhaust air 3.3 is fresh air again 3.1 in the passenger compartment 1 directed. That in the passenger compartment 1 The air volume remains almost constant.

Die Menge des Frischluftmassestroms 3.1 ist der notwendigen Kühlleistung der Antriebszelle 2 angepasst. Wichtig ist dabei, dass jeglicher in die Fahrgastzelle 1 eingeleitete Luftmassestrom letztendlich zur Kühlung der Antriebszelle 2 benutzt wird. Wenn kein Abluftmassestrom 3.3 abgeführt wird, muss zur Kühlung der Antriebszelle auch kein Frischluftmassenstrom 3.1 zugeführt werden.The amount of fresh air mass flow 3.1 is the necessary cooling capacity of the drive cell 2 customized. It is important that everyone in the passenger compartment 1 initiated air mass flow ultimately for cooling the drive cell 2 is used. If no exhaust air mass flow 3.3 is removed, no cooling air mass flow must be for cooling the drive cell 3.1 be supplied.

Dieses Kühlsystem ermöglicht eine exakt regelbare und energiesparende Kühlung der Antriebszelle.This cooling system allows a precisely controllable and energy-saving cooling of the drive cell.

Claims (8)

Luftführungssystem für eine Fahrgastzelle (1) und eine Antriebszelle (2) eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem in die Fahrgastzelle (1) eingeleiteten Frischluftmassestrom (3.1), einem die Antriebszelle (2) kühlenden Kühlmassestrom (3.2) und einem in die Atmosphäre abgeführten Abluftmassestrom (3.3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Umluftmodus einstellbar ist, der so ausgebildet ist, dass die als Frischluftmassestrom (3.1) in die Fahrgastzelle (1) einströmende Luftmenge nach dem Durchströmen der Fahrgastzelle (1) als Kühlmassenstrom (3.2) der Antriebszelle (2) zugeführt wird und der Kühlmassestrom (3.2) unmittelbar nach dem Kühlen der Antriebszelle (2) in die Atmosphäre abgeführt wird.Air distribution system for a passenger compartment ( 1 ) and a drive cell ( 2 ) of a motor vehicle with one in the passenger compartment ( 1 ) introduced fresh air mass flow ( 3.1 ), the drive cell ( 2 ) cooling cooling mass flow ( 3.2 ) and an exhaust air mass flow discharged into the atmosphere ( 3.3 ), characterized in that a recirculation mode is adjustable, which is designed so that the as fresh air mass flow ( 3.1 ) into the passenger compartment ( 1 ) incoming air quantity after flowing through the passenger compartment ( 1 ) as the cooling mass flow ( 3.2 ) of the drive cell ( 2 ) and the cooling mass flow ( 3.2 ) immediately after cooling the drive cell ( 2 ) is discharged into the atmosphere. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Frischluftmassestrom (3.1) gleich dem Abluftmassestrom (3.3) ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fresh air mass flow ( 3.1 ) equal to the exhaust air mass flow ( 3.3 ). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der in der Fahrgastzelle (1) zirkulierende Umluftmassestrom (3.4) nahezu identisch dem gesamten in der Fahrgastzelle (1) befindlichen Luftmassestrom, vermindert um den Abluftmassestrom (3.3) ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the passenger compartment ( 1 ) circulating circulating air mass flow ( 3.4 ) almost identical to the total in the passenger compartment ( 1 ), reduced by the exhaust air mass flow ( 3.3 ). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Regelung des Frischluftmassenstromanteils (3.1) im Verhältnis zum Umluftmassestromanteils (3.4) ein Wärmestrom der Antriebszelle (2), oder ein Lastzustand der Antriebszelle (2), oder der Kühlmassenstrom (3.2) als Regelgröße einbezogen wird.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for controlling the fresh air mass flow rate ( 3.1 ) in relation to the circulating air mass flow rate ( 3.4 ) a heat flow of the drive cell ( 2 ), or a load state of the drive cell ( 2 ), or the cooling mass flow ( 3.2 ) is included as a controlled variable. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fahrgastzelle (1) in unmittelbarer Nähe der Antriebszelle (2) eine Entlüftungsöffnung (1.1) aufweist, durch die der Abluftmassestrom (3.3) in die Umgebung geführt wird.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passenger compartment ( 1 ) in the immediate vicinity of the drive cell ( 2 ) a vent ( 1.1 ), through which the exhaust air mass flow ( 3.3 ) is led into the environment. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Strömungsrichtung des Frischluftmassestroms (3.1) direkt hinter einer Eintrittsöffnung (1.2) der Fahrgastzelle (1) eine Umluftklappe zur Regelung des Frischluftmassestrom (3.1) und/oder des Umluftmassestroms (3.4) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the flow direction of the fresh air mass flow ( 3.1 ) directly behind an entrance opening ( 1.2 ) of the passenger compartment ( 1 ) a recirculation damper for controlling the fresh air mass flow ( 3.1 ) and / or the circulating air mass flow ( 3.4 ) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Antriebszelle (2) zur Regelung des Abluftmassenstromes ein Kühlgebläse (4) zugeordnet ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive cell ( 2 ) for controlling the exhaust air mass flow, a cooling fan ( 4 ) assigned. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt der Entlüftungsöffnung (1.1) für den Abluftmassestrom (3.3) in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur des Kühlmassestroms (3.2) regelbar ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the vent ( 1.1 ) for the exhaust air mass flow ( 3.3 ) as a function of the temperature of the cooling mass flow ( 3.2 ) is controllable.
DE10348385A 2003-10-17 2003-10-17 Recirculation control for fuel cell vehicles with air-cooled battery Withdrawn DE10348385A1 (en)

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PCT/EP2004/010445 WO2005037583A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2004-09-17 Circulating air control for fuel cell vehicles with an air-cooled battery

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