DE10208199A1 - Textile carrier and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile backing and a method for its production. Microcapsules (4) which contain an evaporable active ingredient are introduced into the textile carrier (12). The active ingredient diffuses through the membrane of the microcapsule and creates a constant active ingredient concentration on the textile carrier. The microcapsules particularly preferably contain a pest repellant extract from components of the neem tree.

Description

The invention relates to a textile carrier and a Process for its production.

Volatile substances, in particular essential oils, such as those z. B. can be used as fragrances, or Pest-repelling substances are mostly sprayed on or potions applied to a support. The volatile substance evaporates slowly and can have an effect over a certain one Unfold over time. For example Paper strips with insecticides or at least insect repellant substances soaked and dried. This Strips of paper can then be placed between items of laundry to protect them from moth, for example. However, such paper strips are only suitable for one Duration of action of up to a few weeks because of the active ingredient evaporates comparatively quickly and thus the Insect repellent effect of the paper strip lost goes. However, a long-lasting effect is often desired. So dust mites, for example, in mattresses other parasites, which are derived from dander and others organic materials from one on the mattress lying people fall off, feed. This will gather in Mattresses produce large amounts of mite droppings, which lead to house dust allergies being able to lead. House dust allergy sufferers can therefore already short use of a mattress show violent reactions how Sneezing sensation, swelling of the nasal and eye mucous membranes or in extreme cases also asthma attacks.

In WO 97/25867 an extract from components of the Neembaums described a very high repellant Has an effect on house dust mites. With this extract mattresses can be equipped, which are then no longer from Dust mites are colonized. The mattress must be in sprayed again at regular intervals with the neem extract to maintain the repelling effect and a dust mite colonization of the mattress push back. The superficially sprayed active ingredient however, contains oily ingredients that affect fibers of the Spread out the outer mattress cover and for example also on a sheet stretched over the mattress can be transferred. The surface repellant is applied therefore mainly as a result of the frequently changed bed linen again in the comparatively short time of several months carried out of the mattress. However, it would be desirable the excellent effect against a parasite infestation a longer period, for example several years, to be able to maintain.

There is also a need for one in other areas Carrier of fragrances for a long time, for example emits. With such a carrier, for example Furnish furniture or wallpaper to in an enclosed space to produce a pleasant smell. It would be the same advantageous, expensive clothes made of wool, such as For example coats, costumes or suits, permanently in front of one Protect destruction by moths.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a carrier to ask which over a longer period of time if possible evenly releases a certain volatile substance.

The problem is solved with a textile backing, being on Fibers of the carrier microcapsules are provided, which one contain vaporizable active ingredient.

The microcapsules form a thin membrane around a tiny one Drop a desired active ingredient and close it completely one. Because of the thin layer thickness of the Microcapsules enclosing the membrane in the Microcapsule enclosed active ingredients by this diffuse and then evaporate so that from the Microcapsules evenly over a long period of time Active ingredient is released in small amounts. The Diffusion speed can be over the layer thickness of the Membrane and the material of the membrane can be controlled.

Any substance per se can be contained in the microcapsules provided that this is through the membrane of the microcapsule can diffuse and sufficient volatility to then evaporate. Especially Oily compounds can also be advantageously used in the Include microcapsules that are available for a direct order Fibers of a textile backing are unsuitable as they for example, crawl along the fiber surface and die Surround fiber with an oily film and for example that The appearance of the fiber or the textile backing is negative influence. Furthermore, the inclusion in capsules avoided that of the oily applied to the fibers Connections dust or dirt is bound to what is going on also disadvantageous on the appearance of the textile carrier effect. Also the color of the microcapsules included active ingredient are lightened. For example extracts from plants are often discolored brown, making them refer to light fabrics, especially white ones, only poorly have it applied without causing discoloration of the fabric. Furthermore, the compound enclosed in the microcapsule also before oxidation by oxygen from the Ambient air or before high-energy UV radiation protected so that the enclosed in the microcapsule Active ingredient lasts longer and therefore longer Period can take effect. To improve the Durability can be included in the microcapsule Compound also contain an anti-oxidant. Further volatile compounds can be found in the microcapsules include, for example, in an oily Carrier can be released and the carrier with the released volatile compound enclosed in the microcapsule becomes.

The microcapsules provided on the textile support can be produced by known processes. An overview of methods for microencapsulation is e.g. B. to be found in Benita, S., Microencapsulation, Vol 73 , Marcel Decker 1996 and Risch, SJ, Reineccius, GA (Eds.) Flavor encapsulation, Am. Chem. Soc. 1988. Microencapsulation is used, for example, to prepare and preserve flavorings for ready meals or to encapsulate colorants for copy paper. In these applications, however, diffusion of the active ingredient through the membrane of the microcapsule should, if possible, be suppressed. Microcapsules can be produced from various materials, for example from metal oxides, waxes, natural polymers such as alginate, chitosan or cyclodextrins, or else synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl acetate or sulfoxymethyl cellulose. The stability and permeability of the membrane can be varied by adding binders. Microcapsules can be produced with diameters from a few micrometers to several millimeters.

The microcapsules can be made by various methods on the textile carrier are applied. Suitable is for example, a simple sprinkling on the textile carrier, being as uniform as possible Distribution of the microcapsules in the carrier is observed. Depending on The type of fabric and the intended use is sufficient a simple sprinkling of the microcapsules without them need further fixation. One is also suitable Coating after a brush, dip or Splash process, by calender coating, Direct coating on the extruder, foam application or Merger. A detailed description of these procedures can be found e.g. B. with M. Peter, H. K. Rouette, basics of Textile finishing: manual of technology, processes and Machines, 13th edition, German specialist publisher, 1989.

Another method with which the microcapsules on the textile carrier can be applied is the electrostatic flocking, in which the microcapsules with Using a strong electrostatic field on the textile Carrier are applied.

The microcapsules are preferably fixed on the fibers. To can, for example, first apply an adhesive to the fibers be applied, which if necessary in a suitable Solvent can be dissolved, and then the Microcapsules on the pretreated textile carrier. It is also possible first of all the microcapsules on the textile Apply carrier and only then the adhesive. Around the fixing of the microcapsules on the textile carrier too can improve this after giving up the microcapsules and of the adhesive can also be pressed and / or heated for a short time. Commercially available powdered, liquid or foamable adhesive systems are used, e.g. B. Dispersion glue, solvent-based glue or Reactive adhesive. Also suitable are melt fibers, e.g. B. from Polyolefins or polyvinyl chloride, which are under the influence of Heat change their consistency.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the Membrane of microcapsules made of a substance that is under Heat softens and has adhesive properties. The microcapsule can also be coated a, preferably hot-melt adhesive. After placing the microcapsules on the textile carrier this then under pressure and heat on the textile Carrier can be fixed.

Natural or synthetic substances can be used as adhesives are used, such as natural latex, synthetic latex, e.g. B. NBR latex, SBR latex, CR latex, polybutadienes, polyacrylates, Polyester, polyurethane, and mixtures of these Substances.

Any woven or non-woven can be used as a textile carrier Fiber material can be used. Examples of suitable ones textile carriers are knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, felt, nonwovens, Knitwear, composites. The fibers of the textile carrier can be vegetable or animal fibers, for example Wool. However, synthetic fibers can also be used or Mixed materials. Also a combination with metal mesh, Paper, cardboard, foils or laminated Spray foils are ideal.

A nonwoven material is particularly preferred as the textile carrier. The fibers of a fleece form a loose, partial or fully consolidated compound in which the microcapsules Sprinkle can be easily distributed evenly. To a pressure and heat treatment to fix the The fleece also takes its microcapsules back easily original shape. The fleece can be in any Cut shape, has a low basis weight and depending on Thickness of the fleece, for example, also good insulation. It can therefore easily be used in clothing, for example incorporated. Depending on the contained in the microcapsules Connections can then give the clothing an individual scent exude or, for example, permanently against Pests, especially moths, are protected by pest repellant compounds, especially an extract from components of the neem tree, into the microcapsules be included.

To the microcapsules before rubbing off the textile carrier too can protect the textile carrier from a textile cover be surrounded. The shell can be very diverse be carried out. One embodiment is, for example items of clothing already described above. A a particularly preferred embodiment is a mattress cover, in which the textile carrier, preferably a fleece, of the underside and the top are surrounded by panels of fabric, the connected together, e.g. B. are sewn to the fleece as Surrounding envelope. Do the microcapsules contain one pest repellant compound, especially one on Dust mite repellant compound, can with the mattress cover mattresses effectively before an infestation protected by mites. This is particularly beneficial for house dust allergy sufferers or for mattresses in hotels by used by a large number of different people and therefore often have a high level of dust mite pollution.

The textile carrier particularly preferably has a multilayer structure, the microcapsules being sandwiched between two adjacent layers. Such a structure can e.g. B. comprise two layers of a nonwoven material, the microcapsules being introduced between the two layers. Different materials can also be combined for the individual layers. For example, a nonwoven made of a synthetic polymer, e.g. B. a polyester fleece can be combined with a wool fleece. It is also possible that only one of the layers consists of a textile material and the other layer z. B. from a film, a paper web or a foam. The adjacent layers can be fixed to one another at points or over the entire surface, for example by gluing or sewing. The layers themselves can have any thickness and layers with different or the same thickness can be combined. For example, a polyester spunbonded fabric with a basis weight of 10 g / m ^{2 can be combined} with a 20 cm thick woolen nonwoven.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the Membrane of the microcapsules made of a waterproof, heat resistant material. In this case, the textile Carrier can also be washed, for example in a Washing machine. Generally, heat resistance is up to about 60 ° C is sufficient, because then the textile carrier, the is included in a mattress cover, for example regular intervals in the washing machine with a usual Wash program can be washed. Such microcapsules have, for example, a membrane made of hardened alginate, z. B. zinc or calcium alginate, or polyacrylate.

As already described, those on the textile are suitable Carrier-applied microcapsules, in particular for one Inclusion of essential oils, in concentrated form such as also dissolved in a suitable carrier.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment the microcapsules applied to the textile carrier pest repelling active ingredient, in particular an extract from components of the neem tree. The making of a suitable extract is, for example, in WO 97/25867 described. The extract is extracted by extracting the Components of the neem tree with the help of supercritical gases, especially supercritical carbon dioxide. The on this way the oily extract is almost odorless and has a strong repellant effect in particular Dust mites.

In order to get a sufficient drug concentration in the environment of the The textile demonstrates that it can provide the carrier Carrier prefers an impregnation, which preferably the in contains the active ingredient contained in the microcapsules. This Impregnation bridges the time until a stable Concentration of the active ingredient in and around the textile carrier by diffusion of the active ingredient through the membrane of the Microcapsules.

The invention also includes a method for producing the textile carrier described above. The invention Textile backing is made by first making a textile Carrier is provided on the textile carrier Microcapsules are applied, which is an evaporable Contain active ingredient, and the microcapsules on fibers of the textile carrier are fixed.

In the simplest case, mechanical fixation is sufficient of the microcapsules in the textile carrier, if this, for example has a felt-like structure, and microcapsules in the Fibers formed cavities are included. A such fixation is sufficient, for example, if the textile carriers later no strong mechanical loads exposed and for example to a curtain or a Tapestry is processed.

However, before and / or after the application of the Microcapsules an adhesive on the textile backing applied. With the adhesive, the microcapsules can textile carriers are fixed. The adhesive can be used as a powder be applied, which melts under the influence of heat. It is but also possible to solve the adhesive in a suitable Apply solvent to the textile support, e.g. B. by Spray on or knife on.

The microcapsules can also have an adhesive shell. You can then apply pressure and / or under Heating to be attached to the fibers of the textile backing.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the Method according to the invention for producing the above described textile carrier is a first layer of a textile carrier provided. On the first layer of the textile carrier, the microcapsules are then applied a second layer of a textile carrier on the first layer of textile carrier applied, the first and second layer may be the same or different, and first and second layers are then connected to each other.

In this embodiment, a sandwich structure of the textile carrier according to the invention obtained, the Microcapsules are fixed between two adjacent layers. The first layer of the textile backing can be combined with the second layer of the textile carrier, for example by gluing or Sewing are attached. The materials of the two layers can be the same and for example from a fleece consist. However, the two layers can also be made different materials. For example the first layer consists of a paper web and the second Layer made of a textile material, for example one Web. The two layers can then be closed, for example be glued to a wallpaper, being between paper and Fabric the microcapsules are fixed.

Finally, the textile backing can be finished with a Impregnation can be provided, for example with a Impregnation from that contained in the microcapsules Active ingredient.

The textile carrier according to the invention is particularly suitable for incorporation into a mattress, especially then if the microcapsules are pest repellant Active ingredient, especially a repellant house dust mite Contain active ingredient. The subject of the invention is therefore also a mattress which comprises at least one layer made of the textile carrier described above. The textile Carrier is preferably as around a mattress core circumferential layer formed between the mattress core and Mattress outer fabric is arranged. But it is also possible the textile carrier separate from the mattress core to provide, for example as a mattress cover, in which the textile carrier described above is incorporated.

The invention is based on a preferred Embodiment with reference to a drawing explained in more detail. It shows:

Fig. 1 shows schematically a view of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a mattress cover.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a mattress equipped with a textile carrier according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, the production is shown of a textile support according to the invention. A carrier web 1 , which consists for example of a fleece, is fed to an application station 3 via a first deflection roller 2 . In the application station 3 , adhesive and microcapsules 4 are applied to the carrier web 1 in certain quantities. For this purpose, the application station 3 has appropriate devices for the application, for. B. a scattering device 3 a, through which the microcapsules 4 mixed with a powder adhesive can be sprinkled onto the carrier web 1 . The carrier web 1 coated with the microcapsules 4 is led out of the application station 3 and passed into the dryer channel 8 in order to fix the microcapsules 4 on the carrier web 1 by the action of heat, under which the adhesive applied in the application station 3 melts, for example.

If only a simple carrier web 1 is to be produced, the carrier web coated with microcapsules 4 can be led out after the deflection roller 9 . The carrier web 1 coated on one side can then be processed into further products.

However, the carrier web 1 coated on one side is preferably further processed into a sandwich structure. For this purpose, a cover sheet 5 , which for example also consists of a fleece, is fed via a third deflection roller 6 to the carrier sheet 1 coated on one side. A pressure roller 10 is arranged opposite the third deflection roller 9 . The carrier web 1 and cover web 5 coated on one side with microcapsules 4 are passed between the third deflection roller 9 and the pressure roller 10 and bonded to one another under pressure. A sandwich structure 12 is obtained , in which microcapsules 4 are sandwiched between the carrier web 1 and the top web 5 . The sandwich structure can also be impregnated with a starter component. For this purpose, the sandwich structure is carried out under a spray head 11 , through which the starter component is sprayed onto the sandwich structure 12 . The sandwich structure 12 is then fed via a pair of rollers 9 and 10 for further processing. For shipping or storage purposes, the sandwich structure 12 can be wound up on a roll, for example.

An application of the textile carrier according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2. Fig. 2 shows a section through the structure, for example of a mattress cover, which contains the textile carrier according to the invention. The mattress cover is covered on the outer sides in each case by a lower and an upper fabric web 13 , 14 . The textile carrier 12 according to the invention, which has a sandwich structure, is enclosed between the lower and upper fabric webs 13 , 14 . The textile backing comprises a backing sheet 1 made of a fleece and a cover sheet 5 , which also consists of a fleece. Microcapsules 4 , which contain a mite-repellant active ingredient, which was obtained by extraction of components of the neem tree, in particular neem cores, are enclosed between carrier web 1 and cover web 5 . The textile backing is fixed by stitching 15 between the upper and lower fabric webs 13 , 14 . The mattress cover shown in FIG. 2 can either be integrated directly into a mattress or can be designed as a cover that can be stretched over the surface of a mattress, for example, by means of a circumferential elastic band. In both embodiments, an infestation of the mattress by dust mites can be effectively suppressed for a period of up to several years.

The equipment of a mattress with the carrier according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3. The mattress core 18 , which is designed, for example, as a spring core or made of foam or latex, is covered by a fleece 17 . The textile carrier 12 according to the invention described above is worked over the fleece 17 and, as described above, contains a mite-repelling neem extract enclosed in microcapsules. The textile carrier 12 is in turn covered by a mattress fabric 16 and is fixed by this on the mattress core 18 . In this embodiment, the textile carrier according to the invention is therefore permanently incorporated into the mattress. This protects both the mattress core 18 and the mat 17 against the ingress of dust mites. In addition, the microcapsules form a protective wall against dust mites that migrate in from outside.

Claims (15)

1. Textile carrier, characterized in that microcapsules ( 4 ) are provided on fibers of the carrier ( 12 ), which contain an evaporable active ingredient. 2. Textile carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile carrier ( 12 ) has at least two layers ( 1 , 5 ) which form a common surface, and the microcapsules ( 4 ) are provided on or adjacent to the common surface. 3. Textile carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Microcapsules with an adhesive on fibers of the textile Carrier are attached. 4. Textile carrier according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the textile carrier is a fleece. 5. Textile carrier according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sheath ( 13 , 14 ) is provided which surrounds the textile carrier ( 12 ). 6. Textile carrier according to claim 5, wherein the shell as Fabric is executed. 7. Textile carrier according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the microcapsules contain an essential oil. 8. Textile carrier according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the microcapsules are an extract from components of the neem tree contain. 9. Textile carrier according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the textile backing is impregnated. 10. Process for the production of a textile backing one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a textile carrier is provided and microcapsules on the textile carrier are applied, which is a vaporizable active ingredient included, and the microcapsules on fibers of the textile support be fixed. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein before and / or after Apply the microcapsules an adhesive to the textile Carrier is applied. 12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the microcapsules have an adhesive shell, and the microcapsules under Exposure to pressure and / or heating on the fibers of the textile carrier are attached. 13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein a first layer of a textile carrier is provided on the first layer of the textile carrier applied the microcapsules a second layer of a textile backing onto the first Location of the textile support is applied, the first and second layer may be the same or different, and first and second layer. 14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the textile carrier is impregnated with a starter component. 15. Mattress, which has at least one layer of a textile Containers according to one of claims 1 to 9.