DE102023001134A1 - Molded body receiving unit, device with at least one molded body receiving unit, manufacturing method and use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a molded body receiving unit for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement, comprising at least one molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400), by means of which the shape of a molded body made of at least one fiber strand can be determined, wherein the molded body receiving unit further comprises at least one holding element (614) for holding the at least one molded body carrier, and wherein the molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) is mounted so as to be rotatable about at least one axis of rotation (R) and/or is designed so as to be positionally variable in the vertical spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element (614) and/or so as to be positionally variable in the horizontal spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element (614), as well as a portal device with at least one molded body receiving unit.

Description

The present invention relates to a molded body receiving unit according to claim 1, a device according to claim 7 and a manufacturing method and use.

State of the art

The state of the art currently includes impregnation systems and impregnation processes for fiber strands, in which the finished fiber products are led through an impregnation bath. This is open and requires a lot of impregnation material to be kept ready. In addition, the finished impregnated fiber product always takes a lot of impregnation material with it, so that the impregnation bath has to be refilled again and again, which is a laborious process. In addition, the known systems and processes require a lot of space. The impregnation of the fiber products is necessary to improve their properties, for example to activate all the filaments in the fiber strand.

Furthermore, the known impregnation systems are essentially limited to two-dimensional molded bodies.

Task

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a molded body carrier with which individual multi-dimensional molded bodies can be formed. It is also the object of the present invention to effectively integrate the molded body into a portal device. Furthermore, it is the object of the present invention to be able to produce multi-dimensional molded bodies quickly and with less material than is possible with methods known in practice.

Solution

This object is achieved by a molded body receiving unit according to claim 1, a portal device according to claim 7 and a manufacturing method according to claim 11.

The core of the present invention lies in the molded body receiving unit for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement, comprising at least one molded body carrier, by means of which the shape of a molded body made of at least one fiber strand can be fixed, wherein the molded body receiving unit further comprises at least one holding element for holding the at least one molded body carrier, and wherein the molded body carrier is mounted so as to be rotatable about at least one axis of rotation and/or is designed so as to be positionally variable in the vertical spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element and/or so as to be positionally variable in the horizontal spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element.

Depending on the embodiment, the molded body is particularly advantageously produced as a three-dimensional molded body. This is not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that the molded body, which is produced by the portal device, is also designed as a two-dimensional body.

The molded body carrier can advantageously be selected variably so that the external shape of the molded body carrier corresponds to the shape of the molded body to be produced. If, for example, a three-dimensional molded body is to be produced as the end product, the molded body carrier advantageously has an edge profile. This can be designed, for example, as a square profile, triangular profile or even a polygonal profile. To produce the molded body, the at least one fiber strand is arranged accordingly around the molded body carrier. This is how the desired molded body is then formed. In the simplest embodiment, the molded body carrier is cuboid-shaped. The molded body carrier can also be provided as solid material or as an at least partially hollow frame structure.

In its longitudinal extension, the molded body carrier is advantageously longer than the molded body to be produced. This ensures that the molded body to be produced can also be positioned accurately along the molded body carrier during the manufacturing process.

In order to achieve a particularly high level of flexibility, it has proven to be advantageous if the molded body carrier itself is designed to be positionally adjustable, preferably rotatable. It has also proven to be advantageous if the molded body carrier is designed to be positionally adjustable in relation to the at least one holding element in the vertical and/or horizontal direction. This advantageously saves time when producing the molded body, as time-consuming, manual position adjustments are eliminated.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the molded body carrier is designed as a frame, so that the at least one fiber strand can be arranged along its spanned upper side in the desired geometry.

Furthermore, at least one holding element, even more advantageously at least two holding elements, are provided to hold the molded body carrier. In order to ensure particularly effective guidance of the In order to enable the production of at least one fiber strand of the molded body, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to space the molded body carrier away from a work surface. This makes it possible for the molded body carrier to rotate about itself when the at least one fiber strand is fed in. Furthermore, it has proven to be particularly time-efficient if the molded body carrier can also be changed in its vertical position relative to at least one holding element and/or in its horizontal position with the at least one holding element. This creates maximum degrees of freedom of movement for the molded body carrier, so that the at least one fiber strand can be arranged around the molded body carrier in a highly effective and quick manner in order to form the desired molded body.

Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the following subclaims.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the molded body carrier has at least one, advantageously two, fixing means. This at least one fixing means serves to initially fix the at least one fiber strand when the molded body is started to be built up using the molded body carrier. This prevents the at least one fiber strand from slipping undesirably during the arrangement on the molded body carrier. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if a second fixing means is also provided, around which the at least one fiber strand can be arranged after the molded body has been manufactured.

In the simplest case, it is conceivable, for example, that the at least one fiber strand is first wound around the first fixing means, advantageously several times, in order to then build up the molded body accordingly. Once the molded body has been produced, it is advisable to arrange the at least one fiber strand around the second fixing means, also advantageously several times. This advantageously prevents unnecessary tensions from building up in the at least one fiber strand or the entire molded body during the molded body production process. This can therefore ensure that the molded body is produced in a particularly uniform, tension-free manner. In addition, unwanted separation or dissolution of the finished molded body is prevented if the at least one fiber strand is fixed at the corresponding end.

Depending on the embodiment, it is conceivable that at least one, advantageously both, fixing means can be arranged firmly on the molded body carrier. This can be achieved, for example, by welding or gluing. Of course, this is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable that at least one, advantageously both, fixing means can be arranged detachably, for example by screwing, on the molded body carrier.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the molded body carrier is designed as a geometrically distorted body. This advantageously allows variable cross sections of the molded body to be produced to be formed over the length of the molded body carrier. This ensures a particularly high level of flexibility and individuality of the molded bodies to be produced in accordance with the necessary requirements on site. Geometrically distorted can be understood to mean, for example, distorted cuboids.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the molded body carrier has modified edges. In the simplest case, the molded body carrier is cuboid-shaped and has a total of four longitudinal edges and four end faces at each of the free ends. In the simplest case, the edges are unmodified. However, this is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable that the molded body carrier has at least one, advantageously several modified edges. These modifications can be, for example, rounded edges, polished edges and/or edges coated with sliding material and/or treated with sliding material. These modifications are advantageous because they protect the at least one fiber strand, which can be arranged at least in sections around the molded body carrier, against material damage. The rounded edges prevent the individual filaments that form the fiber strand, which can also be referred to as roving, from breaking. The at least one fiber strand can thus be processed quickly and precisely without damage occurring. The modified edges thus form a fiber strand protection.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the molded body carrier has several positioning means around which the at least one fiber strand can be at least partially arranged. The positioning means are advantageous because they ensure a uniform distance between the at least one fiber strand and the molded body carrier. This is advantageous because it also makes the quality of the molded body to be produced particularly good.

Furthermore, the positioning means serve to determine the arrangement pattern of the at least one fiber strand. This means that the molded body to be produced can be manufactured individually and directly adapted to the tensile strength requirements and/or compressive strength requirements on site.

For example, it is also conceivable that the positioning means can be arranged only along the frame and/or in a variable position on the corresponding side surfaces of a three-dimensional molded body carrier. The positioning means also determine the path of the at least one fiber strand for producing the molded body, which then ultimately results in the finished molded body.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the positioning means are designed to be positionally adjustable. This is advantageous because this allows the molded body carrier and positioning means to be used multiple times. Furthermore, the ability to change the position of the positioning means, for example by completely removing them from the molded body carrier, proves to be advantageous when the finished molded body is to be removed from the molded body carrier. For example, if the at least one fiber strand is arranged around the molded body carrier using the positioning means and forms the finished molded body, then the positioning means can be designed to be detachable and removed from the molded body carrier. This has the advantage that the finished molded body can be removed from the molded body carrier without causing any damage. In the simplest case, the finished molded body can be pushed or pulled off the molded body carrier after the positioning means have been removed, for example. Optionally, before the positioning means are removed, the molded body produced in this way can be fully cured. The positioning means are then removed first, and then the molded body carrier.

In the simplest case, it is conceivable that the molded body carrier is at least partially made of metal and thus partially magnetic. If the positioning means are also magnetic, they can be separated from the molded body carrier by simply applying a tensile force, without the molded body itself being affected.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that the molded body carrier has corresponding recesses or through openings, by means of which each individual positioning means can be detachably connected to the molded body carrier, for example screwed, locked via a magnetic connection or by means of a bayonet lock.

Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, that the positioning means, which can also be understood as deflection means, can be detachably connected to the molded body carrier by means of screwing or clipping into corresponding openings of the molded body carrier.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the positioning means have a geometry as a cylinder, truncated cone, polygon, hyperbolic paraboloid and/or funnel. The geometric shape of the positioning means must be adapted to the requirements of the molded body to be produced. Shapes such as cylinder, truncated cone, polygon, hyperbolic paraboloid and/or funnel have proven to be particularly advantageous. These shapes can be used to produce particularly stable molded bodies with a high degree of uniformity, since the at least one fiber strand can be guided effectively and quickly around this type of positioning means.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a surface of a positioning means is at least partially designed to be low-friction. This has the advantage that the at least one fiber strand, which is to be arranged at least partially around the positioning means, can be guided particularly easily along the positioning means. In this way, sufficient tension can always be ensured during the production of the molded body without the fiber strand being damaged and becoming unusable.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the positioning means are provided at least in sections with a plastic coating which has a lower coefficient of friction than the remaining material of the positioning means.

In the simplest case, the positioning means can have a Teflon coating at least in sections and/or be made entirely of Teflon in this section. The section containing Teflon is advantageously arranged in such a way that the at least one fiber strand is guided along this section.

Of course, this is not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable that the surface modification can be formed by a particularly smoothly polished section of the positioning means. This is advantageous if the positioning means are made of metal or metal oxide or other metal compounds.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the positioning means has at least one section with polyamide content. This modification with polyamide also results in lower friction, so that the at least one fiber strand can be particularly easily and quickly wound around the positioning means. can be arranged. The section of the positioning means with polyamide content is advantageously corresponding to the area in which the at least one fiber strand is guided along the positioning means.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a portal device according to claim 7. With this portal device it is possible for the first time to create a molded body from at least one single fiber strand within a working area in a time-effective manner, with constant quality and at a cost saving.

For this purpose, the portal device has several components which interact and work together so that an individual shaped body can be produced as a replacement for structural steel in a particularly short time.

The portal device for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement has at least one portal frame, which is designed to be movable or fixed in position to form a predeterminable working area. The portal device also has at least one system for impregnating at least one fiber strand with at least one feedthrough device, which can also be referred to as an impregnation device, for at least one fiber strand, wherein the system is coupled to the portal frame. The portal device also has at least one molded body receiving unit, as already described above.

With the portal device described here, it is possible for the first time to form a complete three-dimensional molded body structure, for example a lattice structure, basket structure or the like of a molded body with only a single fiber strand inline.

Furthermore, the portal device described here makes it possible for different paths on the molded body carrier, along which the at least one fiber strand is arranged, to be traveled multiple times. As a result, the at least one fiber strand can then be arranged multiple times along this path, for example twice or three times.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that several fiber strands can of course also be processed with the portal device described here. In addition, it is also conceivable that different individual strands can be combined to form a fiber strand, for example with different chemical compositions. For this purpose, more than one feed-through device and/or more than one system for impregnating at least one fiber strand can then be provided.

Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the molded body to be produced with the portal device described here can also be produced with interrupted fiber strands. In this embodiment, however, it must then be ensured that each start and/or each end of a new fiber strand is fixed accordingly with possible fixing means, so that each fiber strand can be held securely in its desired position.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the portal frame has two opposing legs which are connected to one another via a common base. This advantageously forms a portal or a bridge. It is particularly advantageous for the portal device to be designed so that its position can be changed, for example along guide rails. This change in the position of the portal frame in a predetermined area makes it possible to set up a movable work area within which an individual molded body can be produced. The molded body is advantageously produced in the work area. The portal frame, in turn, sets up the required work area through its possible changes in position. With small molded bodies, the work area is smaller than with large-volume molded bodies.

It has proven particularly advantageous if at least one molded body receiving unit for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement is also arranged in this clamped work area. The molded body receiving unit itself is also advantageously designed to be position-changeable in a horizontal position within the work area. This ensures a particularly high level of flexibility and individuality, so that each molded body, regardless of whether it is three-dimensional or just two-dimensional, can be produced individually. In the simplest case, a horizontal position change can be understood as a position change within a horizontal plane. This is, for example, a forward and/or backward movement and/or a lateral movement to the right and/or left in relation to the portal device.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the portal device further comprises at least one control unit. This control unit proves to be advantageous in that it coordinates all position changes of the individual units. This makes it particularly Time and material effectively enables the production of a molded body. In the simplest case, the control unit can be designed as a control computer. The control unit advantageously regulates and controls at least the molded body receiving unit, the molded body carrier, the feed-through device, the system for impregnating at least one fiber strand and the position changes of the portal device itself.

Furthermore, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if drive units, for example motors, are provided for changing the position of the mold carrier, mold receiving unit and/or portal device.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the position change is controlled via guide rails and/or by rotation along the mold carrier's own longitudinal axis.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the feedthrough device for at least one fiber strand is designed to be positionally adjustable along the base of the portal device. The feedthrough device can also be understood as an impregnation device. It is a component of the at least one system for impregnating at least one fiber strand. This change in position of the feedthrough device along the base of the portal device can additionally create a degree of freedom, whereby the time efficiency in the production of the molded body can be further improved.

In the simplest case, the base has at least one guide groove or guide rail along which the feedthrough device can be changed in its position.

In order to be able to produce the molded body accordingly, a feedthrough device in combination with a system for impregnating at least one fiber strand has proven to be advantageous.

The device described here can also be synonymously referred to as an impregnation device, or even more advantageously, a fiber strand impregnation device.

The housing is particularly advantageously designed to be compact, so that it saves a lot of space. The housing is particularly advantageously designed to be closed, apart from the openings described above. This means that no open watering tray is provided.

With the feedthrough device described here, it is possible for the first time to impregnate, advantageously completely impregnate, at least one fiber strand in a space-saving, time-saving and impregnating material-saving manner while it is passed through, advantageously pulled through, the housing.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the at least one fibre strand is designed as a roving, even more advantageously as a continuous roving

The housing advantageously has two openings so that the at least one fiber strand can be guided into the housing and out of the housing again. This is particularly advantageous if the at least one fiber strand is designed as a continuous roving and is continuously fed into and out of the housing.

The roller system described here for the first time proves to be advantageous in that the at least one fiber strand is guided in a controllable manner within the housing. In particular, the at least one roller system is designed in such a way that it is initially designed to guide the at least one fiber strand within the housing. It therefore dictates the direction of travel of the fiber strand. In addition or as an alternative to this, it is also advantageous if a force can be applied to the fiber strand via the roller system while it forms common contact surfaces with the roller system. The at least one fiber strand advantageously runs at least partially along the roller system. This advantageously enables particularly effective impregnation with the at least one impregnation material. The application of pressure force leads to a predeterminable deformation of the fiber strand cross-section, so that impregnation material can penetrate the interior of the at least one fiber strand more easily and quickly and can impregnate it more quickly overall. As a result, the impregnation time can be shortened and the compact spatial design of the housing results. The roller system advantageously has at least one roller. Furthermore, the at least one fiber strand is advantageously guided at least in sections along the at least one roller.

Advantageously, the force application is designed as a compressive force application.

Furthermore, the housing has at least two further openings through which the impregnating material can be continuously fed into the housing and out of the housing again. This results in a flow direction of the impregnating material, whereby the impregnation of the at least one fiber strand can be improved again during the passage through the housing. This allows even more Time and impregnation material can be saved. The housing is therefore not just filled with impregnation material, but is continuously flowed through by at least one impregnation material.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the housing has a housing interior which has a conical shape. This is advantageous because it allows the housing interior and advantageously also the entire housing to be provided in a particularly compact manner. Another advantage is that the housing is closed except for the fiber strand feed opening and fiber strand discharge opening and except for the impregnation material feed opening and impregnation material discharge opening. This creates a further advantage over the known impregnation baths from practice. The housing described here is particularly small, closed and compact compared to the prior art. The housing is advantageously designed such that at least one fiber strand can be at least partially, advantageously completely, impregnated with at least one impregnation material while the at least one fiber strand passes through the housing. Since the present invention only intends to impregnate at least one fiber strand, the housing itself can be designed to be particularly effective and compact. The conical geometry of the housing interior advantageously influences the flow velocity of the at least one impregnation material flowing through it within the housing interior. In the conically narrow area, the flow velocity is higher than in the conically wide area of the housing interior. This can also have an additional influence on the impregnation quality.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the housing interior tapers downwards from the inlet of the at least one fiber strand to the outlet of the then at least partially impregnated fiber strand. This advantageously reveals that the conical shape of the housing interior described above tapers towards the outlet, i.e. downwards in a vertical direction. Consequently, the housing interior is wider in its geometry at the inlet, where the at least one fiber strand is introduced into the housing, than at the opposite outlet of the housing interior. The housing interior is funnel-shaped. This advantageous funnel shape allows the device described here to be designed as a nozzle. The device described here can also be referred to as a nozzle, more advantageously as an impregnation nozzle for at least one fiber strand passed through. This makes it possible to achieve particularly effective impregnation of the at least one fiber strand that is passed through the housing interior.

It is particularly advantageous for the housing, or more advantageously the housing interior, to be vertically aligned in its longitudinal extension when the device is in use. This means that the inlet, which enables the at least one fiber strand to be fed into the housing, is arranged vertically at the top. The outlet, at which the at least partially soaked fiber strand is led out of the housing again, is advantageously arranged vertically below the inlet, i.e. at the bottom.

The term “use state” is advantageously understood to mean the state when the feedthrough device is actively used. In the use state, the at least one fiber strand is passed through the feedthrough device and is simultaneously at least partially, advantageously completely, saturated with the at least one impregnation material. In the simplest case, the at least one fiber strand is pulled through the feedthrough device. This is advantageously done by directly processing the produced fiber strand, which emerges from the feedthrough guide device in an at least partially hardened state. Further processing can, for example, take place to produce 3-dimensional bodies, such as reinforcement cages as a steel substitute. In this case, the at least partially hardened or at least partially hardened fiber strand is processed into the desired 3-dimensional molded body using suitable molded body carriers. In the simplest case, the start of the fiber strand, which emerges through the outlet of the feedthrough device, is fixed to the molded body carrier, for example by hand. The subsequent production of the molded body is then carried out inline, so that the emerging fiber strand is further processed directly adjacent to the feedthrough device. Here, the hardening also proves to be advantageous, as this leaves a residual viscosity of the impregnating material. This enables the fiber strand to adhere to itself at intersection points during the production of the molded body, for example a 3-dimensional reinforcement cage. This means that there is no need for the complex coating of a finished molded body, as is known from practice. The hardening of the impregnating material is selected in such a way that there is enough viscosity and/or adhesion so that the fiber strand forms connections with itself at intersection points. This results in a 3-dimensional molded body, which must then be completely hardened. A further coating The step of forming the molded body itself is not necessary and is completely eliminated.

The housing itself can advantageously be arranged in such a way that the at least one fiber strand runs through the housing from top to bottom. However, this is not to be understood as restrictive, so that it is also conceivable that the at least one fiber strand runs diagonally from top to bottom through the housing. This invention also covers the fact that the at least one fiber strand is guided through the housing interior from bottom to top in the use state, whereas the at least one impregnation material is then fed into the housing interior in the opposite direction. The opposing direction of the impregnation material and the fiber strand results in particularly efficient impregnation in a short implementation time. However, with a loss of efficiency, it is also possible for the fiber strand and the impregnation material flow to run in the same direction.

In the simplest case, the fiber strand inlet and fiber strand outlet can be arranged opposite one another in the housing interior. This is possible, for example, if the inlet is provided on a cover surface of the housing interior and the outlet on a base surface of the housing interior. The cover surface and base surface of the housing interior are connected to one another by side surfaces and/or a jacket surface. Furthermore, the fiber strand inlet and fiber strand outlet can be arranged opposite one another or offset from one another on the opposite surfaces. The roller system enables variable guidance and positioning of the fiber strand through the housing interior. It is also conceivable that the inlet and/or outlet of the at least one fiber strand are provided on the side of the housing interior wall.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that it is also conceivable that the inlet and/or outlet are arranged on a side surface and/or outer surface of the housing interior.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one impregnation material can be selected from, for example, uncured epoxy resins, i.e. epoxy resin components in the raw state, or substances with at least one acrylic group, such as acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylic acid esters or methacrylic acid esters and/or combinations thereof. Unsaturated polyester resins (UP resins) or saturated polyester resins can also be used. In addition, it is conceivable that further monomers, such as styrene or acrylonitrile and/or additives, such as fillers, reactive diluents or the like, can also be present in the impregnation material. The presence of styrene as a vinyl monomer is particularly advantageous when using unsaturated polyester resins, since the styrene reacts with the unsaturated polyester, for example maleic anhydride, to form a corresponding copolymer and ultimately a thermoset. Additional components can also be included, such as reactive diluents or other fillers.

The impregnation material used here has at least one component to be cross-linked, which is then polymerized after the at least one fiber strand has been at least partially impregnated. This polymerization can be carried out thermally, i.e. by applying heat, using UV radiation or via a plasma source. It has therefore proven to be advantageous for the impregnation material to remain in the liquid, i.e. uncross-linked, raw state until it is absorbed by the fiber strand and then exposed to an external energy source at least for initial hardening.

Bisphenol-based epoxy resins, novolak epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins or halogenated epoxy resins can be used as the resulting epoxy resins. Resin and hardener such as System Intopox R101, EPODEX® ECO and Pro, EPODEX® ECO+ and Pro+, EPODEX® ECO MAX and PRO MAX can be used as 2-component epoxy resins.

The subsequent pre-curing and/or curing then results in the cross-linking of the substances in the impregnating material directly on and/or in the impregnated fiber strand. During the impregnation of the fiber strand, no polymerization reaction of the components of the impregnating material takes place.

Furthermore, the use of unsaturated polyester resins (UP resin) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as impregnation material components is also conceivable. Of course, already known impregnation materials for technical fibers can also be used.

In at least one impregnating material, it is important that the individual monomers do not crosslink. This would render the impregnating material unusable and hardening or curing of the impregnating material on and/or in the fiber strand would no longer be possible. In addition, impregnating material that has already been crosslinked can agglomerate and block the feed opening and the discharge opening of the impregnating material. or even accumulate inside the housing and prevent or block drains.

If, for example, at least one acrylic acid ester, for example methyl methacrylate, is used in an aqueous dispersion as an impregnating material, polymethyl methacrylate is formed in the subsequent pre-curing step. Depending on the application, the concentration of the acrylic acid ester can be chosen as desired. Both low concentrations and high concentrations are possible.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the housing can have an interior housing space and an outer housing part. In the simplest embodiment, the interior housing space and the outer housing part correspond to one another. This means that the outer wall of the interior housing space, which is not in contact with the at least one impregnation material, is also the outer housing part. In this embodiment, the entire housing is conical.

In a further embodiment, it is conceivable that the housing interior and the outer housing part fall apart. For example, the housing interior can be funnel-shaped as described above. Independently of this, the outer housing part can then be designed as a cover or as protection for supply lines and/or discharge lines of the housing interior. In this case, the outer housing part is variable in its geometric design, for example round, square, rectangular, ellipsoidal or in another polygonal shape. For example, a rectangular body of the outer housing part that appears on the outside can accommodate the funnel-shaped housing interior.

It is also conceivable that the gap between the outer housing part and the housing interior is filled with air and/or at least partially filled with material. At least partially filled with material can advantageously be understood to mean that the gap is filled with at least 10 vol.% with material, for example metal. However, it is also conceivable that the gap is completely filled with material, for example the housing material, except for the necessary openings.

Advantageously, the housing, advantageously at least the housing interior, is made of steel, stainless steel, ceramic, composite material, plastic and/or aluminum.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the roller system has at least one rotatably mounted roller element. This is particularly advantageous because it allows the at least one fiber strand, which is guided through the housing interior, to be guided through the housing interior in a controlled manner.

It has proven particularly advantageous if the roller system has at least one guide roller, advantageously two guide rollers. These two advantageous guide rollers are arranged in the housing interior directly adjacent to the inlet and outlet. This always ensures that the at least one unsaturated fiber strand that was initially introduced into the housing interior can be introduced into the housing interior in a controlled manner. In addition, it can always ensure that the at least one partially saturated fiber strand can be led out of the housing interior again in a controlled manner through the outlet without it rubbing against the wall of the housing interior. This advantageously prevents the at least one fiber strand from rubbing against the housing interior itself and thereby becoming damaged. In addition, it is advantageously prevented that the impregnation introduced is rubbed off at the outlet in an unwanted and uncontrollable manner. This can render the entire fiber strand unusable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one roller element has a recess within which the at least one fiber strand is guided. In the simplest case, the recess is designed as a guide groove, at least partially curved groove or as an at least partially curved web.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the roller system has at least one, advantageously several, deflection rollers. These deflection rollers are mounted so that they can rotate and serve to guide the at least one fiber strand within the housing interior. They have proven to be advantageous in that they prevent the at least one fiber strand from kinking and thus becoming unusable.

In order to be able to provide a particularly effective impregnation of the at least one fiber strand guided along the deflection rollers, it has further proven advantageous if several deflection rollers with different diameters are arranged.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the roller diameter within the housing interior, in the vertical direction, is top to bottom. This also corresponds to the geometric shape of the conical, funnel-shaped housing interior. This ensures that deflection rollers with a larger diameter have a lower rotation speed than deflection rollers with a smaller roller diameter. Consequently, the variable roller diameter also allows variable and/or different rotation speeds of the individual deflection rollers to be achieved. The increase in the rotation speed in the vertical direction, from top to bottom, can provide a particularly effective and uniform impregnation of the at least one fiber strand guided along it.

For example, in an advantageous embodiment it is possible for the different rotation speeds of the deflection rollers to change the original cross-section of the at least one fiber strand guided along them. In the simplest case, pressure can be applied so that, for example, the originally round fiber strand cross-section is deformed into an oval fiber strand cross-section. This deformation allows the impregnating agent, which is also arranged in the housing interior, to penetrate the individual fibers particularly effectively and evenly impregnate the at least one fiber strand. The at least one fiber strand advantageously runs through the housing interior at a uniform speed. In combination with the different rotation speeds of the deflection rollers, the constant speed of the at least one fiber strand through the housing interior and the simultaneous flow of the at least one impregnating material through the housing interior in a predeterminable flow direction, the impregnation process can be made even more efficient and optimized, i.e. shorter. Advantageously, the at least one fiber strand requires a maximum of 5 seconds, advantageously between 2 and 4 seconds, to travel from the inlet to the outlet of the housing interior.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the impregnation device, a movement path of the at least one fiber strand within the housing is designed at least partially opposite to a flow direction of the impregnation material. The movement path is particularly advantageously created by the roller system, for example the arrangement and diameter of the individual roller elements. This allows the movement path to be predetermined. In the simplest embodiment, the movement path of the at least one fiber strand through the housing interior is S-shaped, multiply S-shaped and/or meander-like. This allows particularly good flow properties of the at least one impregnation material that also flows through the housing interior to be formed. The at least one impregnation material flows through the housing interior in the opposite direction to that of the fiber strand guide direction. The flow direction of the at least one impregnation material is advantageously designed from the fiber strand outlet towards the fiber strand inlet.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one roller element has an at least partially profiled surface. It is also conceivable that the depression of the respective roller element itself has a profile. It can, for example, have grooves or knob-like elevations in its longitudinal extension. The depression can also be referred to as a web. The axis of rotation of the roller element is arranged in its longitudinal extension. The web connects the two roller limiting side elements to one another. The at least one fiber strand is advantageously guided against this web under the application of force, with pressure, advantageously a predeterminable pressure, while it is guided through the housing interior. The pressure advantageously results from the fact that the at least one fiber strand is guided through the housing interior under tension. If the at least one fiber strand runs transversely to the longitudinal extension of the web and forms a common contact surface with it in sections, the fiber strand is pressed against the web due to the tension and its cross-section is deformed. The web can also be designed in a wave shape. This allows the fiber strand that is guided over the profiled surface to be deformed in its original cross-section. The individual fibers that make up the fiber strand are spaced apart from one another by the profiling, so that the impregnation can penetrate the entire fiber strand much better than would be the case without profiling. As a result, uniform impregnation can be achieved.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the further opening for supplying the at least one impregnation material is arranged in a lower section of the housing. For this purpose, the corresponding opening is provided through which the at least one impregnation material can be introduced through the housing into the housing interior. This is advantageous because it allows the at least one impregnation material to be introduced into the housing interior from below, i.e. near the outlet.

The lower section of the housing interior is advantageously understood to be the housing interior section in which the outlet is is arranged through which the at least one at least partially impregnated fiber strand can be led out of the housing interior.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the opening, also advantageously referred to as the impregnation material feed opening, is arranged in the lower third of the longitudinal or transverse extension of the housing interior. Advantageously, the section can be determined from the bottom surface of the housing interior in a vertical direction upwards in order to determine the section for the position of the impregnation material feed opening. Even more advantageously, the impregnation material feed opening is arranged in the lower tenth of the longitudinal or transverse extension of the housing interior. This is particularly advantageous because this allows the at least one impregnation material to be introduced to interact particularly effectively with the at least one fiber strand on its movement path and this can thus be impregnated evenly.

In the simplest case, the feed opening is permanently connected to the interior of the housing with a corresponding impregnation material feed line, for example glued or welded. If, for example, it is necessary to clean the interior of the housing, the impregnation material feed line can be closed using a suitable closure element so that no further impregnation material can be introduced into the interior of the housing.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the further opening of the housing interior for discharging the at least one impregnating material out of the housing, which can also be referred to as a discharge opening or impregnating material discharge opening, is arranged in an upper section of the housing interior. This is advantageous because it allows the at least one impregnating material to be discharged from the housing interior in the upper section. The upper section is particularly advantageously understood to mean the area of the housing interior where the inlet of the at least one fiber strand is arranged. Advantageously, the section can be determined from the housing interior ceiling surface in a vertical direction downwards in order to determine the section for the position of the impregnating material discharge opening.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the discharge opening, to which a discharge line is optionally arranged, is arranged in the upper third of the housing interior. Even more advantageously, the discharge opening is arranged in the upper tenth of the housing interior. This is particularly advantageous because this allows the at least one impregnation material to be discharged to interact particularly effectively with the movement path of the at least one fiber strand and this can be impregnated evenly. Due to the offset positioning of the two openings, the at least one impregnation material guided in this way can flow through the housing interior in the opposite direction to the at least one fiber strand. The impregnation of the at least one fiber strand can therefore take place faster and more effectively.

In the simplest case, the discharge line is permanently connected to the discharge opening and the interior of the housing, for example glued or welded. If, for example, it is necessary to clean the interior of the housing, the discharge line can be closed using a suitable closure element so that no impregnating material can flow back into the interior of the housing. A clamp or a closure cap can be provided as a closure element.

As already explained above, the inlet of the unimpregnated, at least one fiber strand is arranged above the outlet of the at least partially, advantageously completely impregnated fiber strand. The movement path of the at least one fiber strand within the housing interior is, shown in simplified form, from top to bottom. The feed opening of the at least one impregnation material, which is provided here as a fluid, even more advantageously in the liquid state, can also be arranged at the same height as the fiber strand outlet, for example in the housing interior floor area. This results in a flow direction of the at least one impregnation material, shown in simplified form, from bottom to top in the housing interior.

Consequently, the movement path and flow direction run counter to one another. This has proven to be particularly advantageous, as it can significantly improve the impregnation of the at least one fiber strand compared to passing it through a stationary impregnation material. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that at least one impregnation material is introduced laterally into the housing interior and then discharged laterally in a vertically offset manner. It is also conceivable that the at least one impregnation material is introduced directly from below into the floor area of the housing interior and discharged via the ceiling area.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the feedthrough device has at least one stripping unit at the outlet of the housing interior, which can be the outlet from the entire housing. This has proven to be advantageous This has proven to be a very effective method of removing excess impregnation material from the fiber strand in a controlled manner. This is advantageous because excess impregnation material can be retained in the interior of the housing and does not drip out of the interior of the housing, for example. Unnecessary wastage of impregnation material is also avoided.

In the simplest case, the stripping unit can be designed as a perforated sheet. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable that the stripping unit is designed as at least one, advantageously several stripping lips. These can also be made of elastic material. This can ensure particularly effective stripping of excess impregnation material from the fiber strand impregnated with at least one impregnation material that is guided along or past them. At the same time, this excess impregnation material can be guided back into the housing interior, held there and transported further.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one pre-curing unit can be arranged on and/or after the outlet. This has proven to be advantageous in order to pre-cure the impregnated fiber strand which is led out of the housing interior.

Pre-curing is advantageously understood to mean that only the outer surface of the at least partially, advantageously completely, impregnated fiber strand is partially hardened. The impregnation material, which is located both in and on the surface of the at least one fiber strand, can be converted, for example, from its previous liquid state to a state with a significantly higher viscosity. This is advantageous because the impregnation material remains in the at least one fiber strand and does not drip or ooze out of it during further processing. This would significantly impair the quality of the impregnation. It should be noted here that the impregnation material is not completely hardened in this pre-curing step. The pre-curing unit only advantageously serves to significantly improve the further processability of the at least partially, advantageously completely, impregnated fiber strand. The outer surface of the at least one, at least partially impregnated fiber strand is partially hardened. The at least partially impregnated fiber strand is not completely hardened, also referred to as polymerization. Pre-curing, which can also be referred to as initial curing, is advantageously carried out to a curing level of at least 50%. At 50%, half of the monomers originally contained are already cross-linked. This is already sufficient to ensure that the impregnating material does not drip off the fiber strand unnecessarily during subsequent processing. In addition, this curing level is sufficient to ensure that the fiber strand formed in this way is sufficiently viscous to adhere to itself at intersection points when producing, for example, a 3-dimensional molded body, and thus stable molded bodies can be produced, which ultimately only need to be fully cured.

Depending on the application, it is conceivable to design the pre-curing unit as a UV radiation source, an IR radiation source and/or a plasma source. The exposure times of the fiber strand passing by are significantly reduced, advantageously reduced by 90 to 95%, compared to the conventional curing processes. Pre-curing times of just a few milliseconds can be achieved here.

This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so that complete curing of the impregnated fiber strand can also be achieved with the pre-curing unit described here. The pre-curing time can advantageously be coordinated with the speed at which the fiber strand is pulled through the device. The longer the at least one fiber strand passes through the feed-through device, the slower the at least one fiber strand is guided and the longer the pre-curing time is. Advantageously, only one fiber strand is guided past the pre-curing unit, whereby these particularly short curing times can be achieved.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the feedthrough device further comprises at least one temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the housing and/or the housing interior and/or the impregnating material. It is thus conceivable that, for example, the housing interior is designed to be cooled. By means of the cooling by means of the at least one temperature control unit, it is possible to keep at least one impregnating material within the housing interior in a liquid state permanently and to prevent rapid thermal crosslinking, which is of course not desired in the present case. In the simplest case, the temperature control unit can be designed as a cooling sleeve, for example. It can, for example, be arranged in sections around the housing and/or the housing interior. This depends on the housing geometry described above. It is also conceivable that cooling elements are arranged between the housing interior and the outer housing part. In the simplest embodiment, these are water-carrying lines which provide a permanent water ensure water cooling of the housing interior. The water-carrying lines are positioned accordingly depending on the cooling requirements. The temperature control unit advantageously enables the temperature control of at least one impregnation material and/or the housing interior to the range of less than 20°C, for example between 5°C and 19°C.

Additionally or alternatively, it is also conceivable that the temperature control unit or a further temperature control unit is arranged around the impregnation material supply line, at least in sections.

This means that the impregnation material fed into it can be pre-tempered and advantageously cooled before it is fed into the housing interior. This can prevent unwanted rapid cross-linking in the feed line itself. Here too, in the simplest case, a cooling sleeve can be provided. It can, for example, be arranged in sections around the feed line.

It is also conceivable, in addition or as an alternative, that the temperature control unit or a third, further temperature control unit is arranged around the discharge line, at least in sections. In this way, the impregnation material discharged from the housing interior can be directly tempered and advantageously cooled. This can prevent unwanted rapid cross-linking in the discharge line itself. Blockages are avoided. Here too, in the simplest case, a cooling sleeve can be provided. For example, it can be arranged in sections around the discharge line.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the inner surface of the housing interior is profiled, at least in sections. This is advantageous because the at least one impregnation material flowing through the housing interior is deflected from a simple, straight flow direction, from bottom to top. Controllable flow turbulence can advantageously be generated. These impinge on the at least one fiber strand that is guided through the housing interior and is guided on the movement path. This exerts additional pressure on the at least one fiber strand, so that its impregnation with impregnation material can be further improved and made more efficient. It has proven particularly advantageous if the profiling is curved. This curvature requires an additional reduction in the volume of the housing interior, so that even less impregnation material can be used. Furthermore, an improvement in the flow of the at least one impregnation material flowing through the housing interior is achieved. Due to the roller elements, the profiling has proven advantageous as spherical segment-like, more advantageous than hemisphere-like converging into one another.

Another advantage is the small volume of the device's interior housing. This means that only small amounts of impregnating material are required. This means that unnecessarily long downtimes with high cross-linking problems can be avoided. Another advantage is the small volume of the device's interior housing, which means that only as much impregnating material is stored in the interior volume as is required to impregnate the at least one fiber strand as desired and to fill the interior of the housing. This avoids excess impregnating material and leads to a significantly more economical impregnation method than when using known impregnation troughs.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the housing, preferably the outer housing part and the housing interior are made of metal, for example aluminum. This makes it possible to provide a low weight. Metal also proves to be advantageous because it allows the at least one temperature control unit to control the temperature particularly effectively. This is of course not to be understood as limiting, so it is also conceivable that the profiled inner surface of the housing interior is made of a different material than the wall of the housing interior itself. For example, the housing interior can be made of metal, but the curved, converging surface structures can be made of plastic or carbon, for example. This can further improve the flow properties of the at least one impregnation material.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a system for impregnating at least one fiber strand, which can also be referred to as a fiber strand impregnation system, wherein the impregnation system has at least one impregnation material reservoir outside the housing in addition to at least one feedthrough device. The impregnation material reservoir is connected to the housing via the impregnation material feed line and the impregnation material discharge line. This is particularly advantageous because the impregnation material reservoir provides the at least one impregnation material, which is guided in the direction of flow within the housing interior.

Via the at least one impregnation material supply line, it is possible to remove the liquid impregnation material arranged therein from the impregnation material reservoir. to supply at least one impregnation material to the housing interior in its lower section. This ensures that a predeterminable, sufficient amount of at least one impregnation material can be continuously supplied to the housing interior. Advantageously, so much impregnation material is supplied that the housing interior is filled to at least 95% in relation to its total volume. For this purpose, for example, a fill level detector element can be provided which accelerates the supply of the at least one impregnation material when a predeterminable threshold value is undershot, so that the housing interior is filled again. The fill level detector element is also advantageously coupled to a control unit outside the housing. The control unit can be designed, for example, as a processor, microprocessor, which detects and processes the signals to be detected and controls the impregnation material reservoir.

Another advantage is the small volume of the device. This means that only small amounts of impregnating material are required.

Furthermore, the impregnation system for impregnating at least one fiber strand has, in addition to at least one impregnation device, at least one impregnation material reservoir outside the housing, wherein the impregnation material reservoir is connected to the housing via the impregnation material supply line and the impregnation material discharge line. This is particularly advantageous because the impregnation material reservoir provides the at least one impregnation material, which is guided in the direction of flow within the housing interior. Via the at least one impregnation material supply line, it is possible to supply the liquid, at least one impregnation material arranged therein from the impregnation material reservoir to the housing interior in its lower section. This ensures that a predeterminable, sufficient amount of at least one impregnation material can be continuously supplied to the housing interior.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one impregnating material in a use state of the device at least partially has a flow direction from bottom to top within the housing interior. By guiding the impregnating material from below into the housing interior and out again at the top, a flow direction from bottom to top within the housing is advantageously simplified. This allows the housing interior to be and remain permanently filled with the at least one impregnating material in a particularly effective manner. Overall, only a small amount of impregnating material needs to be provided, since the housing interior is spatially compact. This also ensures that sufficient impregnating material is always kept within the housing interior to ensure effective, permanent and uniform impregnation of the fiber strand running through the housing. The fill level of the housing interior with impregnating material is advantageously constant.

The effectiveness and uniformity of impregnation can also be ensured overall by the movement path of the at least one fiber strand within the housing interior being at least partially opposite to a flow direction of the impregnation material. This is advantageous because this creates a countercurrent to the movement of the at least one fiber strand, which at the same time results in better penetration of the at least one fiber strand with the impregnation material. This results in a higher impregnation speed. This can advantageously result in time savings and the impregnation can be completed quickly.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one impregnation material can be permanently circulated between the housing and at least one impregnation material reservoir. This can increase the uniformity and also the effectiveness of the impregnation of the at least one fiber strand.

Particularly advantageously, the impregnating material is fed from the impregnating material reservoir and via the feed line to the housing interior. This is advantageously done with a conveying device, for example a pump. The conveying device conveys, for example pumps, the impregnating material from the at least one impregnating material reservoir into the housing interior. The pump pressure induces a flow direction of the supplied impregnating material within the housing interior, which the impregnating material follows within the housing interior. Due to the discharge line in the upper area of the housing interior, the impregnating material flows from below, i.e. from the conically tapered housing interior area upwards into the widening housing interior area through the discharge line out of the housing interior. With the discharge line, the impregnating material is advantageously fed back into the impregnating material reservoir, advantageously pumped. This advantageously allows unused impregnating material to be reused and fed back into the cycle without it remains permanently in the housing interior and hardens there. The housing interior would then become unusable. The circulation of the at least one impregnation material also creates excellent effectiveness, since the at least one impregnation material can be reused multiple times, advantageously at least 20 times. The housing interior then only needs to be refilled, since impregnation material is removed at the same time as the at least one fiber strand is impregnated. This reduction is refilled and compensated.

Since the circulation, which can also be understood as a cycle, always permanently removes a certain amount of impregnating material with the at least one fiber strand from the housing interior, it is necessary that a sufficient amount of impregnating material is always provided via the impregnating material reservoir.

It has proven to be advantageous if the impregnation material reservoir has at least two supply lines, each of which is connected to a raw material reservoir. These two supply lines make it possible to supply the raw materials required for the production of the impregnation material to the impregnation material reservoir as required. For example, it is conceivable that when impregnation material is re-supplied into the impregnation material reservoir, the amount, for example the volume, of the re-supplied impregnation material is determined via at least one sensor element, for example a flow sensor, and/or in the housing interior as a level detector element.

Depending on a predeterminable limit value, which ensures safe and reliable impregnation in the housing interior, the respective raw materials are then fed into the impregnation material reservoir as required. This can be done via a conveyor unit, such as a pump.

For better processability, it has proven to be advantageous if at least one stirring unit, for example a mechanical mixer, is provided in the impregnation material reservoir. This serves to mix the raw materials with the re-supplied impregnation material. This ensures homogeneous impregnation material solutions.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the impregnation system further comprises at least one fiber strand storage element, advantageously designed as a spool. This is advantageous because it allows, for example, a continuous roving to be provided as a fiber strand.

6k rovings, 12k rovings, 24k rovings, 48k rovings and/or 50k rovings have proven to be particularly advantageous. The designation "k" corresponds to the common designation for 1,000. For example, a 50k roving means that it is made up of 50,000 individual filaments. This roving thickness has proven to be advantageous because it enables particularly stable impregnations to be achieved.

The rovings can advantageously be made from glass fiber filaments, carbon filaments, basalt filaments, carbon polyacrylonitrile filaments, filaments from renewable raw materials such as bamboo, cellulose, or from at least partially recycled filaments and/or combinations thereof. The choice of material depends on the desired application.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the impregnation material reservoir can also have at least one cooling unit. This has the advantage that the impregnation material provided in the impregnation material reservoir can already be pre-tempered in the impregnation material reservoir, for example to below 20 °C. The already pre-cooled, mixed impregnation material is thus led out of the impregnation material reservoir and into the feed-through device. The feed line and/or feed-through device and/or discharge line are advantageously also designed to be cooled. In this way, the at least one impregnation material in the cycle can be kept permanently below 20 °C. This prevents unwanted polymerization of the impregnation material in the production process. Polymerization only begins with targeted hardening. The cooling can advantageously be implemented via an external cooling sleeve or also via coolant lines filled with water, which run in the wall of the impregnation material reservoir. The cooling always takes place depending on the selected impregnation material. It is also conceivable that all cooling units are switched off. This is an advantage if the impregnation material requires a processing temperature of, for example, 25 °C.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the portal device further comprises at least one control unit which controls the position changes of the portal device, the device for impregnating at least one fiber strand and the molded body receiving unit which can be carried out simultaneously.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for operating the portal device and thus for producing an individual molded body from at least one, at least partially impregnated fiber strand.

1. a. Bereitstellen einer Formkörpertrageinheit mit vorbestimmbaren Positioniermitteln;
2. b. Starten des Tränkungsvorgangs im Tränkungssystem;
3. c. Ausgeben eines zumindest teilweise getränkten Faserstrangs aus dem Tränkungssystem heraus;
4. d. Führen dieses wenigstens einen Faserstrangs entlang des Formkörperträgers um die Positioniermittel herum, wobei der Formkörperträger, die Vorrichtung zum Tränken wenigstens eines Faserstrangs sowie die Portalvorrichtung ihre Position gegeneinander ändern;
5. e. Ausbilden eines vorbestimmbaren Formkörpers;
6. f. Optionaler Härtungsschritt zur zumindest teilweisen Aushärtung des Tränkungsmaterials;
7. g. Entnehmen des Formkörpers vom Formkörperträger, wobei wenigstens eine Steuereinheit die Schritte a) bis f) steuert.

The method comprises at least the following steps:

1. a. Providing a molded body support unit with predeterminable positioning means;
2. b. Starting the impregnation process in the impregnation system;
3. c. Discharge of an at least partially impregnated fibre strand from the impregnation system;
4. d. guiding this at least one fiber strand along the molded body carrier around the positioning means, wherein the molded body carrier, the device for impregnating at least one fiber strand and the portal device change their position relative to one another;
5. e. Forming a predeterminable shaped body;
6. f. Optional curing step for at least partial curing of the impregnating material;
7. g. Removing the molded body from the molded body carrier, wherein at least one control unit controls steps a) to f).

The present invention further relates to a method for impregnating at least one fiber strand. This method comprises at least the following steps: feeding the at least one fiber strand into the housing via the inlet; guiding the at least one fiber strand within the housing along the roller system on a movement path, wherein the at least one fiber strand is subjected to a compressive force so that an original fiber strand cross-section is deformed; discharging the at least one fiber strand through the outlet out of the housing, wherein the at least one impregnation material flows in the direction of flow within the housing and circulates permanently between the housing and the impregnation material reservoir.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the method comprises the step of pre-curing the at least one fiber strand at the outlet and/or after the outlet. This can prevent unwanted dripping of the impregnating material.

Finally, the present invention also relates to a shaped body which is two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional.

Finally, the present invention also relates to the use of the molded body produced in the construction industry, advantageously for reinforcement as a steel replacement.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the method for producing longitudinally reinforced moldings and/or transversely reinforced moldings and/or reinforced moldings.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the portal device for producing longitudinally reinforced moldings and/or transversely reinforced moldings and/or reinforced moldings.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the molded body receiving unit for producing longitudinally reinforced molded bodies and/or transversely reinforced molded bodies and/or reinforced molded bodies.

By changing the position it is possible to create targeted longitudinal reinforcement and/or transverse reinforcement.

It is also conceivable that the housing has more than one interior. It is also conceivable that, for example, two fiber strands can be impregnated at the same time, provided the housing has two interiors. The corresponding provision must then be adjusted accordingly and, in the simplest case, doubled.

It is also conceivable that the inlet of the at least one fiber strand has at least one insertion aid. This can ensure reliable pre-positioning of the fiber strand to be guided into the housing.

In the simplest case, at least one fiber strand is pulled through the interior of the housing. This advantageously results in pull-through speeds in the range of 0.2 to 5 m/s, more advantageously 1 m/s. This speed range and in particular at a pull-through speed of 1 m/s allowed effective results to be achieved with the embodiments described here.

1. Example of longitudinal reinforcement (x-direction):

The required distance is first set using a watering device, which is designed to be adjustable in position in the vertical direction. The portal device and/or carrier receiving unit can then be adjusted in position. At the same time, it is also possible for the watering device is moved along the base of the portal frame. This allows the pre-impregnated fiber material that emerges from the impregnation device to be stretched and/or laid over all sides of the molded body carrier. The positioning means are advantageously used for this. It is also conceivable that each side of the molded body carrier to be spanned has the same or different geometry to one another. For example, staggering or reinforcements can be individually implemented, advantageously by multiple laying or multiple tensioning.

2. Example of transverse reinforcement (yz-direction):

In this embodiment, the portal frame and the molded body receiving unit are first brought into the starting position. The molded body carrier is then rotated about its axis of rotation, advantageously by at least 360°. At the same time, the pre-impregnated fiber strand is stretched or laid around the molded body carrier by moving the molded body receiving unit and/or the portal frame. The pre-impregnated fiber strand is then brought back into the next position by moving the impregnation device along the base of the portal frame around a deflection means, which can also be understood as a positioning means.

3. Impregnation device design example

In this embodiment, a carbon fiber strand is used. This is stored in a fiber strand storage element, which in the simplest case is designed as a spool. The carbon fiber strand is a so-called 12 k roving, i.e. a fiber strand that has 12,000 individual fibers, the so-called filaments. This carbon fiber strand is fed to the inlet through the funnel-shaped insertion aid. As it enters the housing interior, the roving is guided in a controlled manner via a first guide roller to a first deflection roller. The roving then continues in a serpentine manner over further deflection rollers. The deflection rollers have a knob-like profile, which separates the filaments of the fiber strand from one another so that the impregnation material surrounds almost all of the filaments and the fiber strand is thus almost completely impregnated. In the embodiment, three deflection rollers are used, the diameter of which becomes smaller from the inlet to the outlet. For example, if the fiber strand is pulled through at a speed of 1 meter per second, the rotation speed of the deflection rollers from the inlet to the outlet can increase from 10.5 rpm to 32 rpm. After the last deflection roller, the fiber strand is guided through the outlet from the interior of the housing via a second guide roller.

In this example, a hardenable epoxy resin in its raw state is used as the impregnation material. The individual components are stored separately in two storage containers. For example, resin and hardener such as System Intopox R101, EPODEX® ECO and Pro, EPODEX® ECO+ and Pro+, EPODEX® ECO MAX and PRO MAX, epoxid1®, Teexpert® ER03, BEKATEQ® BK-400EP or Dipoxy® 2K are used as 2K epoxy resin.
The two components are fed separately via feed lines into a mixing unit, which is part of the impregnation material reservoir. It is only here, when the two components come together, that the chemical reactions begin. The resulting mixture is fed into the interior of the housing from below via the impregnation material feed opening. To ensure that the chemical reaction process in the interior of the housing proceeds slowly, it is kept at a constant temperature of 15°C ± 1°C by a cooling system. At the impregnation material discharge opening, the excess impregnation material to be discharged is fed back to the reservoir and the mixing unit via a suitable line. To ensure that the carbon roving impregnated with epoxy resin hardens quickly, the essentially impregnated carbon roving is fed through the pre-curing unit below the interior of the housing. In this embodiment, the temperature of the pre-curing unit is 60°C ± 2°C so that the epoxy resin is heated and hardens more quickly.

The result of this embodiment is an at least partially, advantageously completely, impregnated fiber strand, which after complete curing - in contrast to commercially available acrylate coatings - has a very high rigidity. Consequently, the fiber strand produced in this way can be processed in the same way as steel reinforcement. This means that no complex conversions have to be carried out in the reinforcement production. It is also conceivable that such an acrylate-coated fiber strand is also processed directly into a 3-dimensional molded body immediately after being removed from the housing interior and after the initial curing. This is then fully cured after completion. The fiber strands produced according to this embodiment can be processed like steel. For example, the advantageously completely impregnated fiber strands to be further processed can be used as reinforcement mats or reinforcement cages on the construction site. Reinforcement mats and/or reinforcement cages designed in this way are used as reinforcement steel. set, which is significantly lighter in weight but has comparable rigidity.

4. Impregnation device design example

The execution process is analogous to implementation example 3.

In this embodiment, a refined 24 k roving made of carbon is used, a so-called twisted yarn. The roving was previously wound with a polyester thread. The roving is advantageously wound tightly with the polyester thread, preferably in a helical shape. In the simplest case, the polyester thread can be wound in a helical shape around the fiber strand with a spaced winding pitch. An aqueous dispersion is used as the impregnation material.

One component consists of water and the second component of a substance with at least one acrylic group, such as acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters. Both components are brought together in the mixing unit and pre-heated to less than 20 °C.

In the conical interior of the housing, there is a guide roller at the inlet and outlet of the fiber strand (twisted yarn), with four deflection rollers in between. Three deflection rollers have a knob-like profile and one roller has an oblique groove structure, analogous to the winding of the fiber strand. The tempering unit constantly cools at least the interior of the housing to 10°C ± 1°C in order to keep the reaction speed of the dispersion low. Downstream of the outlet from the interior of the housing is the pre-curing unit, which heats the fiber strand passing through or past it to 95 °C ± 2 °C so that the water in the dispersion evaporates and the impregnation material hardens on the surface.

The polyester thread advantageously bonds with the impregnating material. Chemical bonds can advantageously be formed in this way, which enable the impregnating material to adhere particularly well to the polyester thread. The impregnating material also completely impregnates the fiber strand.

It is then conceivable that two fiber strands of different thicknesses, for example a 12k roving and a 24k roving, are connected to each other, for example twisted. The total strand diameter is increased so that the tensile force transmission also increases with the increase. If the total fiber cross-section is doubled, for example, then twice the tensile force can be transmitted.

The polyacrylate-forming impregnation material ensures sufficient mobility after curing. In addition, the geometry of the fiber strand impregnated in this way can be changed when heat is applied. The polyacrylate softens when heated. Therefore, a fiber strand impregnated in this way can also be provided very well as a roll product. However, it is also conceivable that such an acrylate-coated fiber strand can also be processed directly into a 3-dimensional molded body immediately after being removed from the housing interior and following curing.

5. Impregnation device design example

The execution process is analogous to implementation example 3.

A 24 k roving made of glass fiber is used as the fiber strand. A raw polyester resin is used as the impregnation material and in addition to the two guide rollers at the inlet and outlet of the fiber strand, two further deflection rollers without profiling are provided in the housing interior. The deflection rollers without profiling bundle the fiber strand together again after impregnation. They make it compact again and give it the final cross-sectional shape. The tempering unit and the pre-curing unit maintain a uniform temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C for processing the impregnation material. The use of glass fiber roving proves to be advantageous because it is significantly more economical, i.e. less expensive, than carbon fiber roving, for example. If the roving is only subject to low stresses, choosing glass fiber is sufficient.

Further advantages, features and design options emerge from the following description of figures of non-limiting embodiments.

Short description of the drawings

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Formkörperträgers;
• 2 eine Ausführungsform eines Positioniermittels;
• 3 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Positioniermittels;
• 4 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Positioniermittels;
• 5 eine schematische Ansicht eines weiteren Formkörperträgers;
• 6 eine schematische Ansicht eines weiteren Formkörperträgers;
• 7 eine schematische Ansicht eines weiteren Formkörperträgers;
• 8 einen schematischen Verlauf eines Faserstrangs um einen Formkörperträger;
• 9 eine schematische Ansicht einer Portalvorrichtung;
• 10 eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung;
• 11 eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung;
• 12 eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung;
• 13a-c Schnittansichten eines vorteilhaften Rollenelements; und
• 14 eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines vorteilhaften Tränkungssystems.

In the drawings shows:

• 1 a schematic view of a molded body carrier;
• 2 an embodiment of a positioning means;
• 3 a further embodiment of a positioning means;
• 4 a further embodiment of a positioning means;
• 5 a schematic view of another molded body carrier;
• 6 a schematic view of another molded body carrier;
• 7 a schematic view of another molded body carrier;
• 8 a schematic course of a fiber strand around a molded body carrier;
• 9 a schematic view of a portal device;
• 10 a side sectional view of a first embodiment of the device;
• 11 a side sectional view of another embodiment of the device;
• 12 a side sectional view of another embodiment of the device;
• 13a -c sectional views of an advantageous roller element; and
• 14 a side sectional view of an advantageous watering system.

In the drawings, elements provided with the same reference symbols essentially correspond to one another, unless otherwise stated. Furthermore, we refrain from showing and describing components that are not essential to understanding the technical teaching disclosed herein. In the following, the reference symbols are not repeated for all elements already introduced and shown, provided that the elements themselves and their function have already been described or are known to a person skilled in the art.

Detailed description of implementation examples

1 shows a flat molded body carrier 100, which has a plurality of positioning means 102. In this embodiment, the positioning means 102 are cylindrical. The positioning means 102 and the molded body carrier 100 are magnetic, so that the positioning means 102 are arranged detachably from the molded body carrier 100 via magnetic interactions. The molded body carrier 100 has a rectangular cross section.

2 shows an embodiment of a positioning means 102, which has a cylindrical shape.

3 shows an embodiment of a positioning means 104 which has a frustoconical geometry. The positioning means 104 with the smaller base area is particularly advantageously connected to the corresponding molded body carrier (not shown). This can prevent the at least one fiber strand from accidentally slipping off when the molded body is being created, as the diameter of the positioning means 104 widens upwards.

In 4 A further embodiment of a positioning means 106 is shown. This also has a geometry that widens upwards, with the side surfaces being curved accordingly.

In 5 another schematic representation of a molded body carrier 200 is shown, which is designed only as a strut frame. This means that the individual edges are not connected and closed with each other via side surfaces, but that the corresponding positioning means 104 and 106 are only arranged on the edges. The positioning means 104, 106 are to be positioned and selected according to the requirements of the molded body to be produced (not shown).

In 6 another schematic representation of a molded body carrier 300 is shown, which is designed as a square profile with closed side surfaces. The molded body carrier 300 shown here has several positioning means 106.

In 7 A further molded body carrier 400 is shown, in which the arrangement course A of the at least one fiber strand 402 is shown in the drawing sequence from top to bottom. In the top figure, only the molded body carrier 400 with positioning means 102 arranged on the edge is shown.

In the second figure from the top, the at least one fiber strand 402 is already arranged around at least one positioning means 102. The fiber strand 402 is arranged in arrangement progression A.

In the 3rd figure from the top, the at least one fiber strand 402 is double-layered, which is shown by the reinforced line 404.

In the bottom figure of 7 the further arrangement course A is indicated schematically.

In 8 another possible schematic arrangement course A of a fiber strand 502 is shown, whereby the molded body carrier corresponding thereto is not shown. It is clear that individual sections are arranged only once, but other sections are formed twice (double line).

In 9 an embodiment of a portal device 600 is shown. The portal device 600 initially has two legs 601, which are connected to one another via a base 604. An impregnation device 606 is arranged along the base 604 in a positionally adjustable manner. The position change is particularly advantageously carried out in the direction x ₁ . For this purpose, at least one guide rail (not shown) and a drive means, for example a motor (also not shown) are advantageously provided. The position change is controlled via the at least one control unit, which is not shown here. For easier positioning, a carrier 608 is arranged between the impregnation device 606 and the base 604.

In this embodiment, the impregnation device 606 has a housing 610 which takes on a nozzle-like shape as it extends downwards. In addition, two spools 612a, 612b are shown which provide the fiber strand material 602 to be processed. The fiber strand material 602, which is advantageously impregnated with at least one impregnation material (not shown) within the housing 610, emerges from the housing 610 at the lower, open end and is arranged directly around the molded body carrier 100. The molded body carrier 100 has a plurality of positioning means 102 with a cylindrical geometry.

The molded body carrier 100 is mounted so that it can rotate around itself (rotation axis R). At the same time, the molded body carrier 100 is coupled to a holding element 614. The holding elements 614 can be changed in position in the direction y ₃ . In addition, it is also possible for the molded body carrier 100 to be moved vertically in the direction z ₃ . This allows the distance to the impregnation device 606 to be changed. At the same time, the position of the housing 610 can also be changed in its vertical extension, specifically in the direction z ₂ .

In this embodiment, holding elements 614 and molded body carrier 100 form the molded body receiving unit.

Finally, the portal legs 601 can also be changed in position in the direction y4 in the guide rails provided (not shown).

Due to the high number of position changes of the individual components of the portal device 600 and their controlled control relative to one another via the at least one control unit, it is possible for the first time to form a molded body from a fiber strand pre-impregnated with impregnation material in an individual and flexible manner according to requirements.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the impregnation device 606 is part of the impregnation system, which, in order to better illustrate the portal device 600, is not shown here in its entirety.

10 shows an advantageous embodiment of the device 1 with a housing interior 2a. The housing interior 2a is designed to be closed overall. It only has a first opening 4 for arranging the supply line (not shown), a further opening 6 for arranging the discharge line (not shown) and the inlet 8 for introducing the fiber strand 10 into the housing interior 2a and the outlet 12 for discharging the fiber strand, which is at least partially, advantageously completely, impregnated with impregnation material, from the housing interior 2a 2.

The housing interior 2a has a conical shape. It tapers from the inlet 8 to the outlet 10. The arrangement of the housing interior 2a shown here also corresponds to the arrangement in a state of use. Therefore, the inlet 8 is arranged vertically at the top of the housing interior 2a. The outlet 12, on the other hand, is offset vertically downwards from this, arranged in the lower section of the housing interior 2a. For a better understanding, in 10 also the fiber strand 10 is shown.

This is introduced through the inlet 8 into the housing interior 2a. A first guide roller 14 is arranged shortly after the inlet 8. This serves to align the introduced fiber strand 10. The first guide roller 14 is mounted so that it can rotate. The at least one fiber strand 10 is guided along this guide roller to a first deflection roller 16. This is mounted so that it can rotate. The movement path B is started.

In the further course, the fiber strand 10 is guided in a meandering manner around three further deflection rollers 18, 20, 22, in order to finally be discharged from the housing interior 2a in a controlled manner through the outlet 12 via the second guide roller 24. The deflection rollers 16, 18, 20, 22 have a decreasing roller diameter. The deflection roller 16 has the largest roller diameter and the deflection roller the smallest roller diameter. The deflection roller 16, on the other hand, rotates at the lowest rotational speed, whereas the deflection roller 22 rotates at the highest rotational speed. The fiber strand 10 itself is guided through the housing interior 2a along the movement path B at a constant, predeterminable speed. This embodiment is to be understood as an example, so that it is also conceivable, only one pulley, two pulleys or more than three pulleys.

11 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the device 1. Here too, the housing interior 2a is analogous to the housing interior 2a in 10 trained.

Here, too, the roller system has two guide rollers 14, 24. Furthermore, four deflection rollers 16, 18, 20, 22 are shown here again, which have a decreasing roller diameter in the vertical direction, from top to bottom.

For improved introduction, in this embodiment the inlet 8 has insertion aid elements 28. These are advantageously designed as insertion lips or as insertion funnels.

The outlet 12 also optionally has the scraper unit 26. In this example, this has elastic scraper lips.

Additionally, the supply line 30 and the discharge line 32 are shown, which close the respective opening 4, 6 of the housing interior 2a.

In this embodiment, the housing interior 2a is designed with a profiled inner surface 34. This advantageously ensures that the impregnation material introduced from below (not shown) is swirled as it flows through the housing interior 2a. This can significantly improve the impregnation effect of the fiber strand 10. The inner surface 34 has at least partially curved surface sections 36. These can advantageously run at least partially into one another and/or can also be arranged at a distance from one another (not shown). The respective surface curvature is advantageously adapted to the roller diameters. Along the vertical direction of the housing 2 from top to bottom, the surface curvatures of the inner surface 34 are larger at the top than in the conically tapered lower area of the housing interior 2a, where the curvatures are smaller. Particularly advantageously, the curved surface sections 36 are arranged to extend as far as possible between two deflection rollers.

12 shows another possible embodiment. The same reference numerals as in 1 or 2 correspond to the same components and will not be described again.

The difference to the embodiment from 1 is that the outer housing 2b is also shown here, which together with the housing interior 2a forms the housing 2. In this embodiment, the outer housing 2b is rectangular. The outer housing is advantageously understood to mean the body that is visible from the outside.

The inner housing part, which can also be referred to as the housing interior 2a, continues to have the conical shape and function, as already described in 1 and 11 This embodiment is intended to illustrate that the outer housing shape 2b can be freely selected and adapted to the production requirements.

It is conceivable to design the outer housing (not shown) to be round, ellipsoidal and/or polygonal. The inner housing part 2a, on the other hand, is advantageously designed in all embodiments to taper conically downwards towards the outlet 12. Depending on the embodiment, the outer housing part 2b and the housing interior 2a can be designed in one piece or in multiple pieces.

In one embodiment, it is conceivable that the housing interior 2a is merely clad. For this purpose, the outer housing part 2b can be provided as metal walls, which protect the components arranged therein from dust and contamination. For example, the 12 The gaps shown between the housing interior 2a and the outer housing part must be filled with air.

In a further embodiment, it is conceivable that the outer housing part and the housing interior 2a form a one-piece housing 2. For example, the 12 The gaps shown between the housing interior 2a and the outer housing part are to be filled with material.

Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment is that the outer housing part 2b and the housing interior 2a coincide, so that an overall conical shape of the housing results.

13a to c show individual cross sections of advantageous roller elements 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24. The dashed line indicates the axis of rotation R around which the respective roller element rotates.

In 13a The simplest embodiment is shown. The roller element shown here has a recess 38. This is designed as a curved web 38a.

In 13b Grooves are shown as depressions or waves as elevations. These run obliquely to the rotation axis R.

In 13c the web 38a is profiled and has several circumferential elevations 38c.

14 shows an impregnation system 1100 with a device 1.

Furthermore, a fiber strand storage element 612 is arranged, which provides the at least one fiber strand 10. In the simplest case, the fiber strand 10 is designed as a continuous roving. This can advantageously be provided from glass fiber and/or carbon filaments. Starting from the fiber strand storage element 602, the at least one fiber strand 10 is guided into the housing interior 2 via the inlet 1108. The fiber strand 10 is also guided along the first guide roller 14 via the roller system 16, 18, 20, 24 and the second guide roller 24 out of the housing interior 2a filled with at least one impregnation material. When the fiber strand 10 exits the housing, it passes through the pre-curing unit 42. There, the impregnation material is cured within a few milliseconds.

Furthermore, the impregnation system 1100 has at least one impregnation material reservoir 1104. This provides the impregnation material (not shown) to be introduced into the housing 2. It has proven to be advantageous if the impregnation material reservoir 1104 has at least two supply lines 1106, 1108, which are each connected to a raw material reservoir 1110, 1112. Via these two supply lines 1106, 1108 it is possible to supply the raw materials required for the production of the impregnation material to the impregnation material reservoir 1104 as required. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a two-component impregnation material.

For example, it is conceivable that when impregnating material is re-supplied via the discharge line 32 into the impregnating material reservoir, the amount, for example via the volume, of the re-supplied impregnating material is determined via at least one sensor element (not shown), for example a flow sensor.

Depending on a predeterminable limit value, which ensures a safe and reliable impregnation of the fiber strand 10 in the housing 2, the respective raw materials are then fed from the raw material reservoirs 1110, 1112 as required. This can be done, for example, via a conveyor unit (not shown), for example a pump.

For better processability, it has proven advantageous if at least one stirring unit 114, for example a mechanical mixer, is provided in the impregnation material reservoir 1104. This serves to mix the raw materials with the re-supplied impregnation material. The newly mixed impregnation material is made available to the housing 2 for renewed flow via the feed line 30. This process can be carried out as often as desired. The impregnation material therefore circulates between the impregnation material reservoir 1104 and the housing 2, in particular by flowing through the housing F from bottom to top in the flow direction F.

Furthermore, a pre-curing unit 42 can optionally be arranged on the device 1. This serves to harden the impregnation material with which the fiber strand 10 is impregnated, advantageously completely impregnated. The pre-curing unit 1116 is arranged directly below the outlet 12. After exiting the housing 2, the fiber strand 10 passes through the pre-curing unit 1116. This hardens the impregnated surface of the fiber strand, thereby preventing unwanted dripping.

Furthermore, the impregnation system 1100 can optionally have a temperature control unit 40. In the simplest case, this is designed as a water-cooled sleeve. It at least partially surrounds the housing 2, so that unwanted polymerization of the impregnation material is prevented by the cooling. The temperature control unit advantageously cools the housing 2 and, more advantageously, the housing interior 2a to less than 20 °C.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the advantageous embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples. Other variations can be derived from this by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the invention is not limited to the combinations of features specified below, but other combinations and partial combinations that are obvious to the person skilled in the art can also be formed from the disclosed features.

List of reference symbols

1; 606

Watering device

2

Housing

2a

inner housing part, housing interior

2b

outer housing part

4

Opening supply line

6

Opening discharge line

8

inlet

10

fiber strand

12

Outlet

14

first leadership role

16

first pulley

18

additional pulley

20

additional pulley

22

additional pulley

24

further leadership role

26

Stripping unit

28

Introduction aids

30

Supply line

32

Discharge line

34

profiled inner surface

36

Spherical sections

38

Deepening

38a

curved bridge

38b

comprehensive surveys

38c

Knob-like individual elevations or groove-like circumferential elevations

40

Tempering unit

42

Pre-curing unit

B

Movement path

F

Flow direction

100

Molded body carrier

102

Positioning devices

104

Positioning devices

106

Positioning devices

114

Stirring unit

200

Molded body carrier

300

Molded body carrier

400

Molded body carrier

402

fiber strand

404

Double laying

502

fiber strand

600

Portal device

601

leg

602

fiber strand

604

base

606; 1

Watering device

608

carrier

610

Housing

612a,b

Sink

614

Holding element

1100

Impregnation system

1104

Impregnation material reservoir

1106

Supply lines

1108

Supply lines

1110

Raw material reservoir

1112

Raw material reservoir

1116

Pre-curing unit

A

Arrangement history

R

Rotation axis

X1

Position change

Z2

Position change

Y3

Position change

Z3

Position change

Y4

Position change

Claims (17)

Molded body receiving unit for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement, having at least one molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) by means of which the shape of a molded body made of at least one fiber strand can be fixed, wherein the molded body receiving unit further comprises at least one holding element (614) for holding the at least one molded body carrier, and wherein the molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) is mounted so as to be rotatable about at least one axis of rotation (R) and/or is designed so as to be positionally variable in the vertical spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element (614) and/or so as to be positionally variable in the horizontal spatial direction relative to the at least one holding element (614). Moulded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the shaped body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) has modified edges. Moulded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 characterized in that it has a plurality of positioning means (102; 104; 106) around which the at least one fiber strand can be at least partially arranged. Moulded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the positioning means (102; 104; 106) on the molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) are designed to be positionally variable. Moulded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the positioning means (102; 104; 106) have at least one cylindrical, frustoconical, polygonal, hyperbolic, paraboloidal and/or funnel-like shape. Moulded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that a surface of a positioning means (102; 104; 106) is at least partially designed to be low-friction. Device (600) for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement, comprising: a. at least one portal frame, which is designed to be movable and fixed to form a predeterminable working area; b. at least one impregnation system (1100) with at least one device for impregnating (606;1) at least one fiber strand with at least one impregnation material, wherein the impregnation system (1100) is coupled to the portal frame; c. at least one molded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 . Device according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the portal frame has two opposite legs (601) which are connected to one another via a common base (604). Device according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the device for impregnating (606;1) at least one fiber strand is designed to be positionally variable along the base (604). Device according to Claim 7 , characterized in that it further comprises at least one control unit which controls the simultaneously executable position changes of the portal device (600), the device for impregnating (606;1) at least one fiber strand and the molded body receiving unit. Method for producing a molded body as a structural steel replacement, comprising at least the following steps: a. Providing a molded body support unit with predeterminable positioning means (102; 104; 106); b. Starting the impregnation process in the impregnation system; c. Ejecting an at least partially impregnated fiber strand from the impregnation system; d. Guiding this at least one fiber strand along the molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) around the positioning means (102; 104; 106), wherein the molded body carrier (100; 200; 300; 400) and/or the device for impregnating (606;1) at least one fiber strand and/or the device (600) change their positions relative to one another; e. Forming a predeterminable molded body; wherein at least one control unit controls steps a) to e). Procedure according to Claim 11 , characterized in that optionally a subsequent curing step f) is provided, in which the shaped body is completely cured. Mouldings obtainable by the process according to Claim 11 . Moulded body produced by the portal device according to Claim 7 . Use of the procedure according to Claim 11 for the production of longitudinally reinforced moldings and/or transversely reinforced moldings and/or reinforced moldings. Use of the portal device according to Claim 7 for the production of longitudinally reinforced moldings and/or transversely reinforced moldings and/or reinforced moldings. Use of the molded body receiving unit according to Claim 1 for the production of longitudinally reinforced moldings and/or transversely reinforced moldings and/or reinforced moldings.

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