DE102022108790A1 - Dispersion dampening electromagnetic waves, semi-finished product, manufacturing process and use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion, in particular suspension, comprising: a binder, in particular a liquid binder; and- a damping material dispersed in the binder comprising a soft magnetic solid.

Description

The invention relates to a dispersion that dampens electromagnetic waves, a semi-finished product, a manufacturing process and a use.

Shielding to improve the electromechanical properties of electrical devices, facilities and/or rooms from electrical and/or magnetic waves is becoming increasingly important.

The invention is based on the object of providing an improvement or an alternative to the prior art.

• - ein Bindemittel, insbesondere ein flüssiges Bindemittel; und
• - ein in dem Bindemittel dispergiertes Dämpfungsmaterial aufweisend einen weichmagnetischen Feststoff.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is solved by a dispersion, in particular suspension, which dampens electromagnetic waves and has:

• - a binder, in particular a liquid binder; and
• - A damping material dispersed in the binder and comprising a soft magnetic solid.

• Zunächst sei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass im Rahmen der hier vorliegenden Patentanmeldung unbestimmte Artikel und Zahlenangaben wie „ein“, „zwei“ usw. im Regelfall als „mindestens“-Angaben zu verstehen sein sollen, also als „mindestens ein...“, „mindestens zwei ...“ usw., sofern sich nicht aus dem jeweiligen Kontext ausdrücklich ergibt oder es für den Fachmann offensichtlich oder technisch zwingend ist, dass dort nur „genau ein ...“, „genau zwei ...“ usw. gemeint sein könne.

The following is explained conceptually:

• First of all, it should be expressly pointed out that in the context of the present patent application, indefinite articles and numerical information such as "one", "two" etc. should generally be understood as "at least" information, i.e. as "at least one...", “at least two ...”, etc., unless it is expressly clear from the respective context or it is obvious or technically necessary for the person skilled in the art that there is only “exactly one ...”, “exactly two ...” etc. could be meant.

In the context of the present patent application, the expression “in particular” should always be understood as meaning that this expression introduces an optional, preferred feature. The expression is not to be understood as “and namely” or as “namely”.

A “dispersion” is understood to be a mixture of at least two substances, preferably a binder and a damping material, whereby the binder and damping material do not or hardly dissolve into one another or chemically combine with one another. The damping material can be finely distributed in the binder, in particular homogeneously distributed in the binder.

The dispersion is designed to dampen and/or absorb electromagnetic waves. Preferably, the dispersion is designed to dampen and/or absorb electrical and/or magnetic waves. In other words, attenuation and/or absorption of an electric and/or magnetic wave can be achieved using the dispersion proposed here. The attenuation of the dispersion can be greater than or equal to 10 dB at a frequency of the electric and/or magnetic field of 10 MHz, preferably greater than or equal to 20 dB and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 25 dB.

The dispersion can be applied to a surface and/or used to form a component, in particular to form a radiation protection component that shields electrical and/or magnetic waves.

The binder can be in a liquid phase and the damping material in a solid phase. In this case the dispersion can also be referred to as a suspension.

The binder is preferably a liquid and/or paste-like substance, in particular a liquid substance with a dilatant or Newtonian or pseudoplastic or Bingham-plastic or Casson-plastic flow behavior.

A dispersion can be a paint, in particular a dispersion paint, the paint having a damping material, in particular a damping material having a soft magnetic solid. The dispersion can be applied to surfaces in a similar way to a paint, preferably by brushing and/or rolling the surface.

The binder can have a filler. The binder can have a thixotropic agent, so that a time dependence of the flow properties of the binder and thus also of the dispersion can be achieved, which makes the dispersion easier to apply.

The dispersion can be designed to dry physically and/or harden chemically, preferably by oxidative crosslinking. For this purpose, the binder can have a hardener or a hardener can be added to the binder. The dispersion can be fixed in shape by using UV light by hardening the dispersion through the UV light, preferably after application to a surface and/or after shaping into a radiation protection component that shields electrical and/or magnetic waves.

The binder can have a thickener, in particular a mixture of a liquid substance and a thickener. Among other things, Vaseline, lubricating grease or the like can be considered as a component of the binder. The thickener can increase the viscosity of the binder. A thickener includes, among other things, an iso-paraffin and/or an olefin and/or a layered silicate and/or another substance that is able to bind water.

The dispersion can advantageously be used to connect a plurality of fragments of a magnetic field-sensitive component, preferably for connecting a plurality of magnetic field-sensitive components. A previously separated magnetic field-sensitive component can be reconnected using the dispersion.

A “magnetic field-sensitive component” is understood to mean a component, in particular a ferromagnetic component, which reacts to a magnetic field by changing at least one state variable of the component. An inductance can be produced from a magnetic field-sensitive component together with electrical conductors, among other things, which can be used for electrical and/or electronic applications.

A magnetic field-sensitive component is preferably understood to mean a component made of a soft magnetic material.

A “damping material” is preferably understood to mean a soft magnetic solid with a permeability of more than or equal to 500 H/m.

A damping material preferably has low eddy current losses, whereby the quality of the shielding effect emanating from the damping material can be advantageously increased. Particularly in the case of high-frequency electric and/or magnetic fields, low eddy current losses of the damping material lead to an advantageous damping effect.

Among other things, low eddy current losses in the damping material can advantageously ensure that the damping film does not heat up significantly or maintains its temperature or only increases slightly.

Furthermore, the comparatively high permeability of a soft magnetic material means that an electric field acting on the soft magnetic material can be converted particularly efficiently into a magnetic field and vice versa. In this way, the electric field and magnetic field can exchange their energy particularly efficiently, which particularly supports the damping effect.

A “soft magnetic substance” is a substance that can be easily magnetized in a magnetic field. A soft magnetic material preferably has a coercivity of less than or equal to 1,000 A/m.

“Coercive field strength” refers to the magnetic field strength that is necessary to completely demagnetize a damping material that has previously been charged to saturation flux density.

Preferably, a soft magnetic material, in particular an amorphous soft magnetic material, has an alloy containing iron, nickel and/or cobalt.

A versatile dispersion is proposed here which has a damping material, the damping material being dispersed in a binder, preferably homogeneously dispersed in a binder.

A layer dampening electric and/or magnetic fields can be produced from the dispersion proposed here and/or a radiation protection component can be formed from the dispersion, the dispersion drying physically and/or chemically after the layer has been applied and/or a radiation protection component has been formed can.

Binders, especially plastics, are generally electrically insulating without conductive additives. This property enables the use of various binding agents, especially plastics, in many areas of electrical engineering. However, the above properties also mean that electric and/or magnetic fields can pass through layers and/or components made of the above binders.

The dispersion proposed here consisting of a binder and a damping material can give a material layer of the dispersion and/or a component made from the dispersion the property of having a damping and/or absorbing effect on electric and/or magnetic fields. In this way, it can be achieved that electric and/or magnetic fields can be at least partially shielded by a material layer of the dispersion and/or a component made from the dispersion.

A homogeneous distribution of the damping material within the dispersion can exist if the local weight fraction of the damping material within the binder varies by less or equal to 20%, preferably by less or equal to 10% and particularly preferably by less or equal to 5%.

The material properties of the dispersion proposed here can be designed differently depending on the selection of the binder and/or the damping material.

An electrically insulating or weakly conductive binder, which in itself has no dampening against electric and/or magnetic fields, can be converted into a dispersion with a comparatively small proportion by weight of the damping material, which has a dampening effect on an electric and/or magnetic field.

According to a first variant, the proposed dispersion is electrically conductive, whereby the binder can be conductive or non-conductive. In this way, a material behavior can advantageously be achieved which has a damping effect on an electric and/or magnetic field.

According to a second variant, the proposed dispersion is non-conductive and has a dielectric with a relative permittivity, the binder being electrically insulating. This can also advantageously achieve material behavior that has a dampening effect on an electric and/or magnetic field, whereby the dispersion is simultaneously non-conductive for an electric current and can therefore also be used as an electrical insulator.

The damping material proposed here is a soft magnetic solid, which can also have the advantage of high thermal resistance, which can counteract aging of the dispersion or of layers and/or objects made from the dispersion.

The dispersion proposed here has no design barriers whatsoever in terms of its use and can be applied in almost any geometry.

If the dispersion is designed as a dielectric, the function of electrical insulation and the improvement of electromagnetic compatibility and/or the attenuation of electric and/or magnetic fields can equally be achieved by a layer made of the dispersion and/or a radiation protection component made from the dispersion .

The dispersion can contain a colorant.

The damping material is preferably in the form of particles in the dispersion that dampens electromagnetic waves.

• Unter einem „Partikel“ wird ein Körper aus einem weichmagnetischen Stoff verstanden, welcher in jeder Raumrichtung eine Erstreckung in einem Bereich zwischen 10 nm und 250 µm aufweist.

The following is explained conceptually:

• A “particle” is understood to be a body made of a soft magnetic material, which has an extension in a range between 10 nm and 250 µm in every spatial direction.

A particle preferably has an extension in a range between 3 µm and 200 µm in each spatial direction.

The particles in the dispersion are preferably distributed in relation to one another within the binder.

In the case of a suspension, the particles are preferably dispersed in the binder, preferably largely homogeneously dispersed.

The binder preferably surrounds the particles.

The particles can be connected to the binder through a form fit and/or bound to the binder through adhesive interactions.

Neighboring particles can touch each other at least in pairs. Adjacent particles can be arranged separately from one another via the binder. Even if adjacent particles do not come into direct contact in pairs, these particles can be components of an electrically conductive network if the distance between them is sufficiently small.

The particles expediently have an extent of greater than or equal to 3 μm, preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 4 μm and particularly preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 5 μm.

Furthermore, the particles preferably have an extent of greater than or equal to 7 μm, preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 8 μm and particularly preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 10 μm.

Experiments have shown that with the above minimum particle sizes particularly good damping properties of the dispersion against electric and/or magnetic fields can be achieved.

In variation to the above, experiments have shown that particles with an extension in the nanometer range can enable particularly good damping properties of the dispersion against electric and/or magnetic fields. Therefore, particles with an extent of greater than or equal to 10 nm are also proposed here, preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 30 nm and particularly preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 90 nm.

Furthermore, the particles expediently have an extent of less than or equal to 200 μm, preferably an extent of less than or equal to 100 μm and particularly preferably an extent of less than or equal to 50 μm.

Furthermore, the particles preferably have an extent of less than or equal to 40 μm, preferably an extent of less than or equal to 30 μm and particularly preferably an extent of less than or equal to 20 μm.

In experiments it was found that particles with a larger extension can worsen the homogeneity of the dispersion and, in connection with this, the damping properties against electric and/or magnetic fields.

The damping material preferably has a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight of the dispersion dampening electromagnetic waves, preferably a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 2% by weight and particularly preferably a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 5% by weight. .

Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 10% by weight of the dispersion, preferably a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 16% by weight and particularly preferably a weight fraction of greater than or equal to 25% by weight.

Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a weight fraction of less than or equal to 90% by weight of the dispersion dampening electromagnetic waves, preferably a weight fraction of less than or equal to 80% by weight and particularly preferably a weight fraction of less than or equal to 60% by weight.

Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a weight fraction of less than or equal to 70% by weight of the dispersion dampening electromagnetic waves, preferably a weight fraction of less than or equal to 50% by weight and particularly preferably a weight fraction of less than or equal to 40% by weight.

According to an expedient embodiment, the damping material has a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 50 μΩm, preferably a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 10 μΩm and particularly preferably a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 1.2 μΩm. Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 10,000 μΩm, preferably a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 1,000 μΩm and particularly preferably a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 200 μΩm.

• Unter dem „spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand“ wird eine materialspezifische Konstante verstanden, welche den elektrischen Widerstand des Materials beeinflusst. Je höher der spezifische elektrische Widerstand eines Materials, desto höher ist der elektrische Widerstand des Materials. Sofern nicht anders angegeben beziehen sich die hier angegebenen Werte des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands auf eine Stofftemperatur von 18°C.

The following is explained conceptually:

• The “specific electrical resistance” is a material-specific constant that influences the electrical resistance of the material. The higher the electrical resistivity of a material, the higher the electrical resistance of the material. Unless otherwise stated, the specific electrical resistance values given here refer to a material temperature of 18°C.

In other words, it is proposed here that the dispersion has material properties of an electrical conductor. The material properties required here can be achieved by selecting a binder and the weight proportion of the soft magnetic solid dispersed in the binder.

With the values given here for the specific electrical resistance, it can advantageously be achieved that the dispersion has good electrical conductivity. The smaller the specific electrical resistance of the dispersion, the better the attenuation of the dispersion against electrical and/or magnetic fields.

The dispersed soft magnetic solid can create a conductive network in an electrically insulating binder, so that the dielectric can have the material properties of an electrical conductor.

According to a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic wave damping dispersion has a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 10, preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 20 and particularly preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 50. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave dampening dispersion preferably has a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 30, preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 40 and particularly preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 60.

• Unter einer „Permittivität“ wird die Polarisationsfähigkeit eines Stoffes durch elektrische Felder verstanden. Wird die Permittivität des Stoffes auf die Permittivität eines Vakuums bezogen, so ergibt sich die „relative Permittivität“. Vorzugsweise wird unter der Permittivität eine dielektrische Leitfähigkeit, eine Dielektrizität, eine Dielektrizitätskonstante oder eine dielektrische Funktion verstanden. Die relative Permittivität kann nicht nur von der Art des Stoffes, sondern auch von der Frequenz des wirksamen elektrischen Feldes abhängen. Sofern nicht anders angegeben beziehen sich die hier angegebenen Werte der relativen Permittivität auf eine Stofftemperatur von 18°C und eine Frequenz des elektrischen Feldes von 50 Hz.

The following is explained conceptually:

• “Permittivity” is understood as the ability of a substance to polarize through electric fields. If the permittivity of the substance is related to the permittivity of a vacuum, the “relative permittivity” results. Permittivity is preferably understood to mean a dielectric conductivity, a dielectricity, a dielectric constant or a dielectric function. The relative permittivity can depend not only on the type of substance but also on the frequency of the effective electric field. Unless otherwise stated, the relative permittivity values given here refer to a material temperature of 18°C and an electric field frequency of 50 Hz.

In other words, it is proposed here that the dispersion has material properties of an electrically insulating, polar or non-polar substance, i.e. a dielectric. The dispersion is therefore an electrically weak or non-conducting substance in which the charge carriers present cannot move freely.

The material properties required here can be achieved by an electrically insulating binder and the weight proportion of the soft magnetic solid dispersed in the binder. If you compare the proportion by weight of the soft magnetic solid required for the material behavior of a dielectric, this is smaller than the proportion by weight required for the material properties of an electrical conductor with the same selection of binder.

Depending on the weight proportion of the damping material, the damping of the dispersion can therefore be varied.

The binder expediently has a plastic.

The binder preferably has a thermoplastic.

The binder may comprise a synthetic resin, preferably a synthetic resin selected from the following group: polyethylene terephthalate resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, styrene resin, polyamide resin, polyethylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, olefin resin, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, fluororesin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and / or polyvinyl acetal resin .

The binder may comprise a mixture of two or more resins, in particular the binder may comprise a copolymer.

What can be advantageously achieved in this way is that the dispersion can be used to produce damping components, in particular housing parts with a damping effect and/or radiation protection components that have a shielding effect against electrical and/or magnetic waves.

According to an expedient embodiment, the binder has a temperature resistance of more than or equal to 80 °C, preferably more or equal to 100 °C and particularly preferably more or equal to 120 °C.

Furthermore, the binder expediently has a temperature resistance of more than or equal to 150 °C, preferably more or equal to 170 °C and particularly preferably more or equal to 200 °C.

The damping material can heat up due to the damping of an electric and/or magnetic field. This resulting heat can be transferred to the binder. If the temperature resistance of the binder is too low, damage to the dispersion and/or the object containing the dispersion can occur. The temperature resistance proposed here can counteract this.

Furthermore, it should also be remembered that the dispersion proposed here should be able to be used at locations that can have a higher temperature. This can be achieved through the temperature resistance of the dispersion proposed here.

The damping material preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m, preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 5 A/m and particularly preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 3 A/m.

The damping material preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 2 A/m, preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1.5 A/m and particularly preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1 A/m. Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.5 A/m, preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.1 A/m and particularly preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.05 A/m.

The above values for the coercive field strength apply to a magnetic field oscillating at 50 Hz.

Due to a low coercive field strength of the damping material, the dissipation in the damping material can be reduced, particularly in designated applications with polarity-changing field strengths, whereby the thermal stability can be additionally increased.

Furthermore, the damping material preferably has a remanence of less than or equal to 0.1 T, preferably a remanence of less than or equal to 0.05 T and particularly preferably a remanence of less than or equal to 0.02 T.

As a result, the dissipation occurring in the damping material can be additionally advantageously reduced when field strengths change in polarity.

The damping material preferably has a saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1 T, preferably a saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1.1 T and particularly preferably a saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1.2 T. Preferably, the damping material has a magnetic saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1.3 T on.

As the saturation flux density increases, it can advantageously be achieved that the damping material can be dimensioned smaller for a reference application without becoming thermally unstable, especially since a high saturation field strength can also be achieved along with the high saturation flux density. In other words, a comparatively high saturation flux density means that heating of the damping material can be reduced or prevented.

The soft magnetic solid is particularly useful as a metallic glass.

• Unter einem „metallischen Glas“ wird eine metallbasierte Legierung eines Stoffes verstanden, welche auf atomarer Ebene keine kristalline, sondern eine amorphe Struktur aufweist und trotzdem metallische Leitfähigkeit als Eigenschaft aufweist. Vorzugsweise kann ein metallisches Glas neben metallischen Legierungsbestandteilen auch nichtmetallische Legierungsbestandteile aufweisen.

The following is explained conceptually:

• A “metallic glass” is understood to be a metal-based alloy of a substance that does not have a crystalline structure at the atomic level, but rather an amorphous structure and still has metallic conductivity as a property. A metallic glass can preferably also have non-metallic alloy components in addition to metallic alloy components.

The amorphous atom arrangement, which is very unusual for metals, advantageously enables special physical material properties. In particular, by using metallic glasses, the coercivity of the damping material can be advantageously reduced and/or the permeability can be advantageously increased. In addition, metallic glasses can have a high electrical resistance, which can advantageously reduce the eddy current losses caused by the damping material for some applications of the dispersion.

The soft magnetic solid particularly preferably has a nanocrystalline structure.

• Unter einem Material mit einer „nanokristallinen Struktur“ wird ein polykristalliner Festkörper mit einer Nano-Mikrostruktur verstanden, wobei unter der Mikrostruktur die Art, die Kristallstruktur, die Anzahl, die Form und die topologische Anordnung von Punktdefekten, Versetzungen, Stapelfehlern und Korngrenzen in einem kristallinen Material verstanden wird.

The following is explained conceptually:

• A material with a “nanocrystalline structure” is understood to mean a polycrystalline solid with a nano-microstructure, whereby the microstructure refers to the type, crystal structure, number, shape and topological arrangement of point defects, dislocations, stacking faults and grain boundaries in a crystalline material material is understood.

The nanocrystalline structure allows the physical properties of the dispersion to be further improved. In particular, the permeability of the soft magnetic material can be increased.

Preferably, a nanocrystalline material is produced from an amorphous material, with crystal growth starting from the amorphous material being stimulated by thermal and/or magnetic action.

The damping material preferably consists of a soft magnetic material with a nanocrystalline structure having a typical grain size in the range from 5 µm to 30 µm, preferably from a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with a typical grain size in the range from 7 µm to 20 µm, particularly preferably from a nanocrystalline soft magnetic Substance with a typical grain size in the range of 8 µm to 15 µm. This makes it possible to achieve particularly advantageous physical properties for the damping material, particularly with regard to the permeability and/or the saturation field strength.

According to a preferred embodiment, the soft magnetic solid has the following atomic composition: [Fe _1-a Ni _a ] _{100-xyz-α-β-γ} Cu _x Si _y B _z Nb _α M' _ß M" _Y with a ≤ 0.3, 0, 6 ≤ x ≤ 1.5, 10 ≤ y ≤ 17, 5 ≤ z ≤ 14, 2 < α < 6, β ≤ 7, γ ≤ 8, where M 'is at least one of the elements elements V, Cr, Co, Al and Zn, where M" is at least one of the elements C, Ge, P, Ga, Sb, In and Be.

Laboratory tests have shown that the above specification of the soft magnetic solid leads to particularly advantageous material properties for the dispersion proposed here.

In particular, the above material specification can achieve a damping material with a particularly low coercive field strength and/or a particularly high saturation flux density.

Preferably, the soft magnetic solid specified above has nickel, in particular a nickel content of greater than or equal to 4.5% by weight, preferably a nickel content of greater than or equal to 5% by weight and particularly preferably a nickel content of greater than or equal to 5.5% by weight .-%.

The soft magnetic solid expediently has a magnetostriction with an absolute relative change in length parallel to the magnetic field of less than or equal to 2 times 10 ^-6 , preferably less than or equal to 1 times 10 ^-6 and particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.5 times 10 ^{- 6} .

• Unter „Magnetostriktion“ wird die Verformung des Dämpfungsmaterial infolge eines einwirkenden magnetischen Feldes verstanden. Dabei erfährt das Dämpfungsmaterial bei konstantem Volumen eine elastische Längenänderung.

The following is explained conceptually:

• “Magnetostriction” is understood to mean the deformation of the damping material as a result of an acting magnetic field. The damping material experiences an elastic change in length at a constant volume.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a semi-finished product having an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, preferably having a physically dried and / or chemically hardened electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention.

The dispersion proposed according to the first aspect of the invention can be applied particularly flexibly to surfaces, including surfaces of semi-finished products. In particular, the dispersion can be such that it physically dries and/or chemically hardens after application to a surface, in particular a surface of a semi-finished product.

The dispersion can, among other things, be applied to a nonwoven and/or a textile, in particular to a knitted fabric, preferably a knitted fabric or a knitted fabric, and/or a stretched thread system, preferably a scrim or a tape, and/or a crossed thread system, preferably a clutch or a braid.

Furthermore, the dispersion can also be applied to a layer of paper.

Preferably, the dispersion is designed to ensure that a semi-finished product remains so flexible after the dispersion has been applied that it can be provided with any cutting patterns and/or can be draped into almost any desired final shape at its designated place of use.

Advantageously, it can be achieved, among other things, that the dispersion applied to a semi-finished product can be used as wall wallpaper, ceiling wallpaper and/or as a curtain, whereby shielding a room against electrical and/or magnetic fields can be achieved particularly easily.

It is understood that the advantages of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, as described above, extend directly to a semi-finished product comprising a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention.

It should be expressly pointed out that the subject matter of the second aspect can be advantageously combined with the subject matter of the preceding aspect of the invention, both individually or cumulatively in any combination.

• - Bereitstellen eines Bindemittels;
• - Bereitstellen eines Dämpfungsmaterials; und
• - Dispergieren des Dämpfungsmaterials in dem Bindemittel.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the object is solved by a method for producing an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, characterized by the following steps:

• - Providing a binder;
• - Providing a damping material; and
• - Dispersing the damping material in the binder.

Here, among other things, it is proposed to disperse the damping material in the binder, whereby the damping material retains its material properties.

A filler and/or a thixotropic agent can advantageously be added to the dispersion.

It is understood that the advantages of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention as described above extend directly to a method for producing a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention.

It should be expressly pointed out that the subject matter of the third aspect can be advantageously combined with the subjects of the above aspects of the invention, either individually or cumulatively in any combination.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by using an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention in an object, preferably a motor vehicle, with components for wireless charging.

It is understood that the advantages of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, as described above, extend directly to use of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention in an article with wireless charging components.

It should be expressly pointed out that the subject matter of the fourth aspect can be advantageously combined with the subjects of the above aspects of the invention, either individually or cumulatively in any combination.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by using an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention in an object with components to be shielded, in particular electronic components, cables and / or sensors.

It is understood that the advantages of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, as described above, extend directly to the use of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention in an object with components to be shielded, in particular electronic components, cables and / or sensors .

It should be expressly pointed out that the subject matter of the fifth aspect can be advantageously combined with the subjects of the above aspects of the invention, both individually or cumulatively in any combination.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by using an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention for connecting fragments of a magnetic field-sensitive component and/or for connecting a plurality of magnetic field-sensitive components.

It is understood that the advantages of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, as described above, relate directly to a use of a dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention for connecting fragments of a magnetic field-sensitive component and/or for connecting a plurality of magnetic field-sensitive components extend.

Experiments have shown that a plurality of fragments of a magnetic field-sensitive component can be reconnected to one another using the dispersion according to the first aspect of the invention, whereby it could be shown that when using the dispersion in comparison to a connecting agent from the prior art a better permeability of the assembled magnetic field-sensitive component can be achieved. In other words, the dispersion can enable permeability losses at the connection point of the magnetic field-sensitive component to be reduced.

It should be expressly pointed out that the subject matter of the sixth aspect can be advantageously combined with the subjects of the above aspects of the invention, either individually or cumulatively in any combination.

• 1: schematisch eine erste Ausführungsform der Dispersion in einer Schnittdarstellung; und
• 2: schematisch eine zweite Ausführungsform der Dispersion in einer Schnittdarstellung.

Further advantages, details and features of the invention result from the exemplary embodiments explained below. Show in detail:

• 1 : schematically a first embodiment of the dispersion in a sectional view; and
• 2 : Schematic of a second embodiment of the dispersion in a sectional view.

In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same components or the same features, so that a description made with reference to one figure with regard to a component also applies to the other figures, so that a repetitive description is avoided. Furthermore, individual features that were described in connection with one embodiment can also be used separately in other embodiments.

The electromagnetic wave dampening dispersion 100 in 1 consists essentially of a binder 110, in particular a liquid binder 110, and a damping material 120 dispersed in the binder 110 and comprising a soft magnetic solid.

The damping material 120 dispersed in the binder 110 has the form of particles 122, which have an extension of greater than or equal to 3 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm.

The damping material 120 has a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 50 μΩm and a weight proportion of the damping material 120 of 60% by weight, with the particles 122 of the damping material 120 forming an electrically conductive network in the dispersion 100. Particles 122 of the damping material 120 touch each other at least partially in pairs.

The binder can be designed to be insulating.

The electromagnetic wave dampening dispersion 100 in 2 consists essentially of a binder 110, in particular a liquid binder 110, and a damping material 120 dispersed in the binder 110 and comprising a soft magnetic solid, the damping material 120 having the form of particles 122.

The damping material 120 dispersed in the binder 110 has the form of particles 122 which have an extension of greater than or equal to 10 nm and less than or equal to 200 μm.

The dispersion has a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 10 and a weight fraction of the damping material 120 of 5% by weight. The binder is insulating.

Reference symbol list

100

Dispersion

110

binder

120

Damping material

122

particles

Claims (22)

Dispersion (100) which dampens electromagnetic waves, in particular suspension, comprising: - a binder (110), in particular a liquid binder (110); and - A damping material (120) dispersed in the binder (110) and comprising a soft magnetic solid. Dispersion (100) that dampens electromagnetic waves Claim 1 , characterized in that the damping material (120) in the electromagnetic wave damping dispersion (100) is in the form of particles (122). Dispersion (100) that dampens electromagnetic waves Claim 2 , characterized in that the particles (122) have an extent of greater than or equal to 3 µm, preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 4 µm and particularly preferably an extent of greater than or equal to 5 µm. Dispersion (100) dampening electromagnetic waves according to one of the Claims 2 or 3 , characterized in that the particles (122) have an extent of less than or equal to 200 µm, preferably an extent of less than or equal to 100 µm and particularly preferably an extent of less than or equal to 50 µm. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a weight proportion of greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight of the electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100), preferably a weight proportion of greater or equal to 2% by weight and particularly preferably a proportion by weight of greater than or equal to 5% by weight. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a weight proportion of less than or equal to 90% by weight of the electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100), preferably a weight proportion of less than or equal to 80% by weight and particularly preferably a proportion by weight of less than or equal to 60% by weight. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 50 µΩm, preferably a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 10 µΩm and particularly preferably a specific one electrical resistance of less than or equal to 1.2 µΩm. Electromagnetic wave damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromagnetic wave damping dispersion (100) has a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 10, preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 20 and particularly preferably a relative permittivity of greater than or equal to 50. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binding agent (110) comprises a plastic. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder (110) has a temperature resistance of more or equal to 80 ° C, preferably more or equal to 100 ° C and particularly preferably more or equal to 120 ° C Electromagnetic wave damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m, preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 5 A/m and particularly preferably a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 3 A/m. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a remanence of less than or equal to 0.1 T, preferably a remanence of less than or equal to 0.05 T and particularly preferably a remanence of less than or equal to 0.02 T. Electromagnetic wave damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping material (120) has a saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1 T, preferably a saturation flux density of greater than or equal to 1.1 T and particularly preferably a saturation flux density of greater or equal to 1.2 T. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic solid is a metallic glass. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic solid has a nanocrystalline structure. Dispersion (100) dampening electromagnetic waves according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic solid has the following atomic composition: [Fe _1-a Ni _a ] _{100-xyz-α-β-γ} Cu _x Si _y B _z Nb _α M' _β M" _γ with a ≤ 0.3, 0, 6 ≤ x ≤ 1.5, 10 ≤ y ≤ 17, 5 ≤ z ≤ 14, 2 ≤ α ≤ 6, β ≤ 7, γ ≤ 8, where M 'is at least one of the elements V, Cr, Co, Al and Zn, where M'' is at least one of C, Ge, P, Ga, Sb, In and Be. Electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic solid has a magnetostriction with a relative change in length parallel to the magnetic field of less than or equal to 2 times 10 ^-6 , preferably less than or equal to 1 times 10 ^-6 and particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.5 times ^10-6 . Semi-finished product comprising an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of Claims 1 until 17 , preferably comprising a physically dried and / or chemically hardened electromagnetic wave dampening dispersion (100) according to one of Claims 1 until 17 . Method for producing an electromagnetic wave-damping dispersion (100) according to one of Claims 1 until 17 , characterized by the following steps: - providing a binder (110); - Providing a damping material (120); and - dispersing the damping material (120) in the binder (110). Use of a dispersion (100) that dampens electromagnetic waves according to one of the Claims 1 until 17 in an object, preferably a motor vehicle, with components for wireless charging. Use of a dispersion (100) that dampens electromagnetic waves according to one of the Claims 1 until 17 for an object with components to be shielded, in particular electronic components, cables and/or sensors. Use of a dispersion (100) that dampens electromagnetic waves according to one of the Claims 1 until 17 for connecting fragments of a magnetic field-sensitive component and/or for connecting a plurality of magnetic field-sensitive components.

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