DE102017106531A1 - Method and device as well as injection mold half part for making a brush - Google Patents

Abstract

In a method or a device for anchorless attachment of bristles in a bristle carrier (10) is provided to provide a heater (39) in a provided for transporting the bristles tool part. After inserting the bristles in anchoring openings (12) in the bristle carrier (10) they are closed by applying pressure. An extension (82) running around the anchoring opening (12) provides material for closing the anchoring opening (12).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device as well as an injection mold half for producing a brush, which has a bristle carrier made of thermoplastic material with at least one anchoring opening into which at least one bristle is inserted and anchored therein.

In the manufacture of brushes, in particular toothbrushes, but also household brushes, two methods have become established in practice, namely the fixing of the bristle tufts by means of an anchor (metal plate or wire loop) or anchorless. The anchorless method, in contrast to the use of an anchor before that the bristle tufts is not folded and fastened at its fold in the bristle carrier, but at one end to the bristle carrier by gluing or thermally locked. A common, enforced in practice method provides that the bristle carrier has openings through which the bristle tufts are inserted. With their back end, the bristle tufts protrude from the openings and are heated on the back of the bristle carrier. The thermoplastic material of the bristles melts with it, whereby the bristles materially merge into each other and a thickening results, by means of which pulling out of the individual bristles forward impossible. Usually, the numerous bristle tufts are liquefied on the back by means of hot air or a hot stamp, so that the material of the individual bristle tufts merges into one another and at the back results in a kind of layer of liquefied bristle ends. Subsequently, this back is covered, in particular overmolded.

A disadvantage of this solution is that a considerable procedural and device-related overhead must be operated due to this back-side necessary cover. It should be noted that especially in the case of toothbrushes, the transition surfaces between adjacent layers are made as gap-free as possible in order to avoid hygiene problems.

The term "bristle carrier" is to be understood that part of the finished brush which carries the bristle or bristle tufts. The bristle carrier can be the entire brush body, so in a toothbrush so the integrally molded part of stem, neck and head, or even a prefabricated part of the future brush body. In the latter case, the bristle carrier is usually a thin plate made of thermoplastic material, which is provided with one or more openings for filling with one or more bristles or bristle tufts. After filling and fastening of the bristles, the plate-like bristle carrier is then either inserted into a prefabricated brush body which, for example, has a corresponding recess for the platelet-like bristle carrier. Alternatively, this is the usual case, the plate-like bristle carrier is encapsulated and thus results in a brush body of prefabricated bristle carrier and molded remainder.

The CH 672 579 A5 proposes a method of attaching bristle tufts in a bristle carrier by means of an anchor plate. This means that the bristle tufts are folded, and in the folding area is the anchor plate, which presses into the wall of the anchoring opening and thus permanently fixes the bristle tufts on the bristle carrier. However, so that the opening on the front or front of the bristle carrier is closed optimally, so that no bacteria and spores can settle here and multiply, a bead on the bristle carrier, which rotates about the anchoring opening and projects from the front side, to be pressed inwards. The bristle tuft itself, however, is not secured by this reshaping of the bead, but by the anchor itself. The individual bristle tufts are successively hammered into the bristle carrier via a tamping tool which pushes the folded bristle tuft through a tube. The tube itself then has on its front side a heater that rests exclusively on the bead and this brings to melting or plasticized and then pushes radially inward.

In addition to the above-mentioned possibilities for anchorless attachment of the bristle or bristle tufts on the bristle carrier in theory, yet another method has been found, but could never prevail in practice, namely the collision of bristle tufts in a bristle carrier, the openings and the is preheated. After the bristle tufts have been pushed into the soft bristle carrier, the bristle carrier is pressurized on its front side, from which the tufts protrude, by means of a press, so that the soft material is compressed around the edge of the openings and the openings are reduced in cross section. In the following some concepts are presented.

The DE 198 53 030 A1 provides that bristle tufts on their back have fused bristles to a thickening. The bristle carrier has openings into which cylindrical projections of a heater are inserted before the tufts of bristles are tapped, without touching the edge of the opening. Due to this radiant heat, the inside edge of the openings is heated locally. The bristle carrier is brought in the region of the edge to a joint-changing temperature, for example, the softening temperature. Due to the increase in temperature, the hole should be reduced in its cross-section, so that the bristle tufts must penetrate into the wall upon impact. After removing the heater, the bristle tufts are then pushed with the thickened end into the openings, wherein the thickening in cross-section is greater than the opening cross-section, so that the thickening in the soft region of the opening defining and surrounding edge, ie in the corresponding wall penetrates. Subsequently, the front of the bristle carrier is deformed with a stamp, so that the material of the bristle carrier is pressed against the bristle tufts and anchor them.

From the US 5,224,763 a similar method is known in which the bristle carrier has a bead-like protruding opening edge. Again, the edge of the opening is heated by a pin-shaped heating element projects into the opening or worked with hot air. The opening itself is smaller in cross-section than the thickened end of the bristle tufts, so that it is fixed therein after being pushed into the wall of the soft opening. The bristle tuft holder then compresses the heated circumferential bead so that additional material is available to close the opening at the transition to the face of the bristle carrier.

From the EP 0 355 412 A1 a method is known in which the thickened end of the bristle tufts and / or the edge of the opening in the bristle carrier are heated, wherein the dimensions and the temperatures are selected so that after the penetration of the thickened end of the edge of the opening inwardly urges and so, similar to a snap connection, which includes thickened end and receives it form-fitting.

The EP 0 472 557 B1 proposes to penetrate with a heated stamp, which has pins, in a plastic plate-shaped bristle carrier, so that the pins form the openings for receiving the bristle tufts. The bristle tufts are then pressed into the embossed, still hot openings and the melt rises around the thickening of the bristle tufts around. A mold plate may also be pressed against the top of the bristle carrier to still form the melt. In this case, it is particularly preferred that projections or beads protrude on the upper side of the not yet formed bristle carrier, which form material which is available as material which is pressed in the direction of the opening.

In the method of the DE 34 22 623 A1 a bristle carrier, which is designed plate-shaped and without openings, welded to bristle tufts, which consist of the same plastic as the bristle carrier. A heating tool is moved between the not yet welded together sides of the bristle carrier and the tufts of bristles, so that both are melted. Subsequently, the bristle tufts are pressed into the molten material of the bristle carrier.

The object of the invention is to provide a significantly simpler method for producing a brush, which also requires less effort especially on the device side, but at the same time ensures a secure anchoring of the bristle or bristle tufts in the anchoring opening.

1. a) ein Borstenträger wird bereitgestellt, der im Bereich des stirnseitigen Rands wenigstens einen von der Vorderseite weg weisende Fortsatz zur Schaffung einer Materialanhäufung hat, wobei der wenigstens eine Fortsatz beim Spritzgießen des Borstenträgers erzeugt wird und zumindest einer Verankerungsöffnung zugeordnet ist,
2. b) die wenigstens eine Borste wird in eine Aufnahmeöffnung eines Werkzeugteils aufgenommen,
3. c) die wenigstens eine Borste wird mit ihrem verdickten Befestigungsende, während sie noch in der Aufnahmeöffnung sitzt, in die beim Herstellen des Borstenträgers gebildete Verankerungsöffnung im Borstenträger geschoben,
4. d) der Abstand des Werkzeugteils zum Borstenträger wird reduziert, sodass das Werkzeugteil den Borstenträger kontaktiert,
5. e) die Vorderseite des Borstenträgers wird auf eine Temperatur gebracht, die unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Borstenmaterials und/oder des Borstenträgermaterials liegt, insbesondere höchstens 85 % in °C der jeweiligen Schmelztemperatur des Borsten- und/oder des Borstenträgermaterials beträgt,
6. f) das Werkzeugteil übt eine Druckkraft auf den Borstenträger aus und verformt den Borstenträger zumindest im Bereich des die Verankerungsöffnung umgebenden stirnseitigen Randes samt des wenigstens einen Fortsatzes unter Reduzierung des Querschnittes der Verankerungsöffnung derart, dass die zumindest eine Borste in die Verankerungsöffnung eingebettet und verankert ist, und dabei ein Material des Borstenträgers im Bereich des Randes an dem zumindest einen Fortsatz beim Verformen seitlich in die Verankerungsöffnung wandert und gegen die wenigstens eine Borste drückt,
7. g) der Abstand des Werkzeugteils zum Borstenträger wird vergrößert, sodass die zumindest eine Borste aus der Aufnahmeöffnung gezogen wird
8. h) wobei die Verankerungsöffnung nach dem Schritt f) eine von der Vorderseite gemessene Tiefe bis zum Beginn des verdickten Befestigungsendes hat und der zumindest eine, der Verankerungsöffnung zugeordnete Fortsatz vor dem Verformen im Schritt f) ein Volumen hat, welches im Bereich von 60% bis 110% des theoretischen Volumens liegt, das sich aus dem Produkt der Tiefe und einer Ringfläche zwischen der Innenseite der Verankerungsöffnung vor dem Verformen im Schritt f) und der Außenseite der singulären Borste oder der Umhüllenden des Borstenbüschels ergibt.

This object is achieved by a method for producing a brush, which has a bristle carrier made of thermoplastic material with a front and a back and at least one anchoring opening, in which at least one bristle made of thermoplastic material is used and anchorless anchored therein, so that they from the Front side of the bristle carrier protrudes, wherein the at least one anchoring opening on the front has an anchoring opening surrounding the frontal edge, characterized by the following steps:

1. a) a bristle carrier is provided which has, in the region of the frontal edge, at least one extension facing away from the front side for creating an accumulation of material, wherein the at least one extension is produced during injection molding of the bristle carrier and is associated with at least one anchoring opening,
2. b) the at least one bristle is received in a receiving opening of a tool part,
3. c) the at least one bristle is pushed with its thickened attachment end, while it still sits in the receiving opening, in the anchoring opening formed in the bristle carrier during the production of the bristle carrier,
4. d) the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier is reduced, so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier,
5. e) the front side of the bristle carrier is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular not more than 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material,
6. f) the tool part exerts a compressive force on the bristle carrier and deforms the bristle carrier at least in the area surrounding the anchoring opening end edge together with the at least one extension while reducing the cross section of the anchoring opening such that the at least one bristle is embedded and anchored in the anchoring opening, while a material of the bristle carrier in the region of the edge on the at least one extension moves laterally during deformation into the anchoring opening and presses against the at least one bristle,
7. g) the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier is increased so that the at least one bristle is pulled out of the receiving opening
8. h) wherein the anchoring opening after step f) has a depth measured from the front to the beginning of the thickened attachment end and the at least one, the anchoring opening associated extension before deformation in step f) has a volume which is in the range of 60% to 110% of the theoretical volume resulting from the product of the depth and an annular surface between the inside of the anchoring opening before deformation in step f) and the outside of the singular bristle or the envelope of the bristle tufts.

In the method according to the invention, a bristle tuft can be inserted into the anchoring opening. The material of the bristle carrier in the region of the edge on the one extension or on the several extensions is then moved during deformation laterally into the anchoring opening in order to engage behind the bristle or the bristle tufts and to secure them against being pulled out.

The invention is based on the idea that the material which closes the anchoring opening to the front and secures the bristle or bristle tuft from being pulled out is provided essentially by the extension. This means that the thickness of the bristle carrier is reduced by the deformation less than the provision of no or only a small-volume extension. Especially with thin bristle carriers with a small distance from the back to the front, this results in advantages. By the material for closing the anchoring opening is formed predominantly by the extension, the contact forces during deformation of the bristle carrier can be kept lower than without extension.

The heating of the bristle carrier may take place before or during the reduction of the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier or after the first contact of the tool with the bristle carrier. Thus, the order of steps d) and e) is not necessarily sequential.

In the invention, several extensions can generally extend around an anchoring opening and complement each other and be associated with only this anchoring opening.

Preferably, however, an extension runs annularly closed around the associated anchoring opening in order to provide as much volume as possible. It may be advantageous for the extension, which runs closed in the form of a ring, to have different cross-sectional areas over its longitudinal extension. This helps to optimally bridge different distances between the inside of the anchoring opening to the bristle tufts or the singular bristle.

If at least one anchoring opening (viewed from the front side) is elongated, it has two longer, opposite and two shorter, opposite side sections. All these side sections complement each other to the anchoring opening. The annularly closed circumferential projection has a larger cross-sectional area in the area of the longer side sections than in the area of the shorter side sections. Thus, in the area of the longer side sections, more material is available which is pressed inwards. Especially in the area of the longer side sections there is a greater risk that the bristle or bristle tufts can be pulled out.

In particular, the different cross-sectional areas are advantageous when a cross-sectionally elongated bristle tuft is pushed into the elongated anchoring opening, wherein the bristles of the bristle tufts have been fused together to form the thickened attachment end. The side opposite the bristles protruding bead of the attachment end is wider in the region of long sides of the elongated bristle tufts than in the region of shorter transverse sides. This wider bead is covered and held by the additional material during forming.

The inner side of the elongated anchoring opening, for example, has a different distance from the laterally protruding bead of the fastening end before deformation, wherein material is pressed as far as the outer bristles during the deformation in step f).

At least one extension can be assigned to two adjacent anchoring openings. Material of this extension is pressed in step f) in both anchoring openings, wherein the two adjacent anchoring openings individually or jointly associated extensions prior to deformation in step f) have an anchoring openings associated volume which is in the range of 60% to 110% of the theoretical volume which results from the product of the depth and the annular surfaces between the inner sides of the anchoring openings before deformation in step f) and the outside of the singular bristles or the envelope of the bristle tufts. Especially with very close anchoring openings, the problem may arise that not enough material is available to close the anchoring openings, because the connecting web is very thin. The invention provides a common extension in the region of the connecting web, the material is pressed into both anchoring openings.

Both adjacent anchoring openings can each be surrounded by an annularly closed circumferential extension. Between the anchoring openings, the extensions merge into each other.

The cross-section of the portion of the extensions, in which the extensions merge into one another, should be larger than the remaining sections of the extensions.

The bristle or bristle tufts can also be used obliquely to the front in the anchoring opening and anchor it in the process of the invention. For this purpose, the closed circumferential projection on the bristle or bristle tufts near side (on which the bristle / bristle tufts tends) has a smaller cross-sectional area than on the opposite side. This makes it possible on this page due to the inclination of the bristle / bristle tufts lower, to be filled with material volume by providing less volume of the extension. Thus, there is no risk of having too much material which would then lead to the creation of a ridge protruding from the front adjacent the outer bristles or the outside of the singular bristle.

It can run around all anchoring openings in the bristle carrier extensions closed or just around some of the anchoring openings.

The material, which is then pressed laterally into the anchoring opening in the region of the mouth, must be not only the material of the extension or the extensions themselves, but also that material can be laterally pressed into the anchoring opening, which before forming the extension below of the extension lies.

Another embodiment provides that the at least one bristle is inserted in step b) perpendicular to the preferably flat or convex or concave curved front in the anchoring opening and then pressed in step f) by the material laterally in the anchoring material migrating obliquely to the front and then is anchored in this oblique orientation or pressed perpendicular to the front, because without the additional material, the bristle or the outer bristles of a bristle tufts would tilt outwards.

The anchoring opening is defined in the interior of the bristle carrier by a peripheral edge, which can also be referred to as the inside of a wall defining the anchoring opening. Since the bristle carrier is an injection molded part and the anchoring opening or anchoring openings are produced during spraying, the draft angles necessary for injection molding must be maintained when working without a slider. The edge of the anchoring opening in its interior, i. the inside of the wall defining the anchoring opening is therefore tapered slightly to the interior due to the Entformungsschräge without the use of sliders, so that the wall extends only substantially perpendicular to the front.

The anchoring opening can have an elongated shape in the direction perpendicular to the front side. In a tuft of bristles in which the bristle ends are fused together by heat, it has been found that the resulting bead in the longitudinal direction is greater than in the transverse direction. If then such a cross-sectionally elongated bristle tufts in an elongated anchoring opening is used, the edge of the anchoring opening in the region of the longitudinal side must be pushed further inward than in the area of the short sides. The frontal edge may have at least one extension in the region of a section or portions of the edge at which or at which the distance to an adjacent anchoring opening or the distance to the front side of the outer peripheral side of the bristle carrier is at most 0.5 mm. If the wall is too thin due to very close anchoring openings, there is not enough material available to push inward and hold the bristle tufts. This is prevented by the extension.

The extension has in particular a preferably continuous rectangular cross-sectional profile, which can be easily manufactured and also allows a simpler injection mold half.

The term "injection mold half" is understood in the following to be an integral part which completely forms the inside of the cavity in the injection mold half, or a part or an assembly of several parts of a multi-part injection mold half understood, in which several parts together the inside of the cavity in the Form injection mold half. In the latter case, in particular the bottom portion of the cavity in the injection mold half is a separate part, which is slidably inserted into an opening of a second part, which in turn defines the edge of the recess.

The or extensions are completely or almost completely flat or, pressed into the formed by the front surface when forming. At best, a minimal effort for at least one bristle or the adjacent bristle tufts can remain.

Preferably, in the method according to the invention, the front side of the bristle carrier is heated. In this case, the front side is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or the bristle carrier material. The tool part exerts a compressive force on the heated bristle carrier and deforms the correspondingly heated bristle carrier according to feature f).

The heating of the bristle carrier on the front side is preferably carried out by the tool part, which is heated. If, as in the preferred variant of the case, the front side of the tool part contacts the front side for a few seconds, the temperature of the front side of the tool part also corresponds to the temperature on the front side of the bristle carrier, so that the temperatures correspond. This means that the end face of the tool part is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material.

Although the above process steps are preferably carried out in the above order, this is not absolutely necessary. For example, the front side of the bristle carrier could also first be heated up and then the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier could be reduced, or both steps could be simultaneous or partly simultaneous.

The change in distance is effected by a relative movement of the tool part to the holding part, i. the tool part can be moved, this is the holding part silent, or vice versa, or tool part and holding part both move.

When hereinafter referred to as "at least one bristle", this means that both a single bristle sitting in a receiving opening and an anchoring opening, bristles of a single bristle tufts sitting in a receiving opening and an anchoring opening, as well as a plurality of bristle tufts, which are located in their receiving openings and anchoring openings, are meant so that the invention is not limited to the anchoring of a singular bristle or spaced apart, singular bristles. Although below in some places the bristle tufts are mentioned in addition to facilitate readability, the invention is generally applicable to a bristle carrier having one or more individual bristles as well as a bristle carrier having one or more bristle tufts or combinations thereof. This also affects both the method claims and the property claims.

In the following, several improvements, which represent inventions themselves, are described, which however also represent optimizations in combination with each other. It should be emphasized that the device explained later can also be provided with the features described in connection with the method, with only the controller being programmed accordingly.

Due to the heating may possibly be a holder which receives the bristle carrier, are heated in operation, for example by radiation. Furthermore, the time in which compressive force is exerted on the bristle carrier can be so long that the bristle carrier is heated to a greater depth and farther from the front side too much, and thus also deformed in these deeper regions, as extensive experiments have shown. To prevent this, according to a variant of the invention, the rear side of the bristle carrier, while the compressive force is exerted on the bristle carrier actively cooled. It is therefore a separate cooling device, for example, by a liquid cooling, provided. Thus, the volume range of the bristle carrier, in which there is a sufficiently high temperature for forming during the application of pressure, within narrow limits adjustable. In addition, a safety zone is created within the bristle carrier by the cooling device, in which no deformation takes place.

During the application of the compressive force, the back of the bristle carrier is actively cooled. Preferably, this ensures that the bristle carrier becomes a maximum of 25 ° C in the process.

The already mentioned holder, via which a counter force is exerted on the bristle carrier at the rear and bears against the bristle carrier, is actively cooled, in particular via liquid cooling.

The cooling can be done not only on the back of the bristle carrier, but optionally also at least at portions of the so-called side surface of the bristle carrier. The side surface is the surface that connects the front and the back of the bristle carrier. By cooling is excluded that the side surface, when the bristle carrier is squeezed between the front and back, laterally outwardly plastically deformed. For this purpose, for example, the holder may have a receiving recess for the bristle carrier, which is complementary to the bristle carrier and ensures an investment of the back and the side surface of the holder.

The bristle carrier is preferably heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle by the heatable tool part.

The tool part can be heated by an integrated electrical resistance heater or by a heated neighboring part, which outside of the bristle carrier contacting contact surface temporarily contacts the tool part and transfers the heat to the tool part in this contacting. The controlled heating of the tool part to a predetermined temperature is not effected by a "random" heating of adjacent, more or less hot parts, but via a heater assigned only to the tool part. The compressive force is applied in a device when the bristle carrier is contacted at the front by a tool part and at the back by a holder while the pressing force is exerted on the bristle carrier. In particular, the device for applying the pressure force is moved to block. This means that there is no distance between the holder and the tool part, because they contact each other at the front. Preferably, this contact takes place over the entire surface and around the enclosed bristle carrier in a parting plane between the holder and the tool part. Thus, the cavity, which is formed between the holder and the tool part for receiving the bristle carrier, sealed in the parting plane. Here, no material of the bristle carrier can migrate into a gap, to then form a burr on the finished bristle carrier.

As has surprisingly been found in tests, the stability and accuracy of the bristle carrier and the orientation of the at least one bristle, in particular the bristles of a bristle tuft, can be increased if after the so-called exposure time (time during which the pressure on the bristle carrier between the front and Rear is applied) the device is not immediately disassembled and the bristle carrier is removed. Although this is very disadvantageous in terms of cycle time, a ventilation gap is created after the contact time between the front and the tool part. This means that the tool part and holder are slightly removed from each other. The device is not completely driven apart or brought into a position in which the bristle carrier is removed or could be removed. It is a rest phase for the bristle carrier together with its at least one bristle, preferably one or more bristle tufts interposed, in which the ventilation gap acts in the device for cooling the front. Depending on the shape of the holder, the rear side also contacts the holder in this quiescent phase, depending on the shape of the holder, which has the effect of stabilizing the shape.

The predetermined rest period should last at least 1 second, in particular at least 1.5 seconds. Preferably, no further movement takes place during this time between the holder and the tool part. Alternatively, a slow opening movement can take place.

It is particularly advantageous if the at least one bristle, in particular the bristle tuft, remains or remains in its assigned receiving opening during this entire resting phase. The receiving opening holds the bristle or bristles of one or more bristle tufts during the resting phase in the form. This stabilizes the area around the anchoring opening. Obviously, internal stresses are reduced.

The ventilation gap should have a height of at least 1 mm, which is measured in the direction of travel of the device (direction of movement between the holder and the tool part when the device rises and falls).

As already mentioned, the ventilation gap can preferably be kept constant during the rest phase.

Optionally, cooling air can be blown to the front of the bristle carrier via the ventilation gap. This allows the rest period to be shortened in time.

Another special feature of the invention is that after a feed movement of the tool part and bristle carrier relative to each other, which is completed when reaching a closed position of the device, the pressure force over a predetermined holding time in the closed position is exerted on the bristle carrier. Despite the effort to keep the cycle times as low as possible, according to this peculiarity of the invention, therefore, the device is not driven and immediately reopened, as is usually the case when pressing, forming or punching objects. The compressive force does not have to be constant during the holding time, because it depends on the resistance of the bristle carrier. With increasing deformation of the bristle carrier thus the compressive force will decrease.

The hold time should be at least 1 second, preferably at least 1.5 seconds.

The maximum hold times have been found to be optimal for 3 seconds, in particular for a maximum of 2.5 seconds. More is not required.

The bristle carrier can be heated during the holding time, in particular during the entire holding time, but optionally also already during the feed movement on the front side. If it is already heated during the feed movement, cycle time can be saved. In fact, even during the feed movement, there is already a heating of the front side, for example due to radiation. Then, as soon as the front contacts the heated tool part, during the subsequent closing of the device, the front side and the bristle carrier are heated and brought to temperature.

The contact time of pressure on the bristle carrier is determined by the sum of the holding time plus the time period during the feed movement, in which the front is first contacted by the tool part and at the same time the rear side of the holder and compressed until reaching the fully collapsed position. This exposure time should be at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds.

The maximum exposure time has been found to be 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds as the limit.

The holding time is preferably less than the above period when moving together, in which the bristle carrier is compressed. This collapse and compression takes place with very slow delivery speed of the holder relative to the tool part. In particular, this period is at least 3, in particular at least 4 seconds.

Experiments have shown that the holding time is a maximum of 50%, in particular a maximum of 40% of the above period when moving together, during which the bristle carrier is compressed.

To reduce the cycle time, it may be useful to heat the front of the bristle carrier already by other means and not only by contact with the tool part. The bristle carrier can be preheated. For example, if the bristle carrier is already seated in the holder, it could be blown on its front side with hot air or briefly exposed to a heat source (eg, radiant heat) that does not form the tool part. This can take place during the feed movement from tool part to holder or even before this feed movement. So could Example during an adjustment movement of the holder / tool part or before the tool part is moved laterally to the holder, the bristle carrier are heated. The subsequent heating time by contact with the tool part can be reduced.

Another special feature of the invention is that the free end of the at least one bristle in the device is supported frontally. This support is intended to fix the axial position of the bristle or bristles of one or more bristle tufts within the same bristle tufts or bristle tufts to each other. For example, in the case of a plurality of bristle tufts, the brush should have a sawtooth shape at the ends of the bristle tufts, as viewed from the side. Other options are that a bristle tuft is sawtooth, tapered or tapered.

It would be expected that this support, which serves as a stop or means for shaping, should also act during the application of the compressive force to the bristle carrier, in order to allow no displacement of the bristle, bristles or bristle tufts during this time. However, it has been found that it is advantageous, the support at least during the application of the compressive force on the bristle carrier, preferably before the application of the compressive force or during the feed movement of the device after contacting the front and the back of the bristle carrier by tool or holder already to remove. This means that at least the last phase during the application of the compressive force, optionally also during the entire time of application of the compressive force, the previously used support is removed. The minimum pressure which is introduced into the bristles by the support at least in the last phase or also the entire phase of the deformation process can lead to the deformation of the bristles or to the fact that the bristles are inclined or not aligned parallel to one another, not even inside a bristle tuft.

In this context, it may be useful that the cross section of the at least one bristle and the cross section of the associated receiving opening in the tool part are coordinated so that the at least one bristle / the at least one bristle tufts is clamped in the receiving opening and axially positionable by the clamping , Thus, when the bristles or bristles of a bristle tuft are axially aligned, they are clamped in the receiving opening and thus positioned axially. Of course, this clamping is only a minimal clamping, which allows shifting generally in the previous axial viewing process. By the weight of the bristle / bristle tufts or by the inertia during the movements of the device, however, there is no automatic, unwanted displacement of the bristle / bristle tufts in the receiving opening.

Similar to the anchorless attachment used in practice, the at least one bristle or tuft may be given a thickened attachment end by thermally forming the bristle material by heating above the melt temperature. When using a tuft of bristles, the bristles of the bristle tufts are combined together by thermal forming. In this case, but not adjacent bristle tufts are united with each other, but each bristle tuft has a thickened attachment end, with the advance it is introduced into the anchoring opening.

The forming takes place outside an anchoring station in which at least steps c) to f) are carried out.

The material of the thickened attachment end is therefore preferably already solidified when the respective attachment end is inserted into the anchoring opening.

By means of the invention not only bristle tufts can be secured in the anchoring opening by reshaping the edge of the opening, but also prefabricated so-called elastomeric cleaning elements (eg of thermoplastic materials) which are several times thicker than normal filaments of bristle tufts. These cleaning elements serve to improve the cleaning as well as, in the case of a toothbrush, the massage of the gums. Furthermore, these cleaning elements do not necessarily have a pin shape, but may have any cross-sections, in particular elongated, arcuate, cruciform or round (circular or oval) shapes and corresponding ring shapes with central openings.

The at least one anchoring opening can be filled with a singular, prefabricated bristle made of an elastomeric material, in particular a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). This singular bristle is anchored in the anchoring opening by deforming the bristle carrier.

Preferably, the singular, prefabricated bristle has a greatest wall thickness, measured in cross section, of greater than 0.6 mm, in particular greater than 0.9 mm. For example, in a rectangular cross-sectional shape, the largest wall thickness is measured in the longitudinal direction.

Optionally, the singular, prefabricated bristle may have a thickened attachment end with which it is pushed into the anchoring opening and which is encompassed by the deformed edge of the anchoring opening of the bristle carrier. The thickened attachment end is created in the manufacture of the singular bristle and not by the indentation and elastic deformation of the bristle by reshaping the edge of the anchoring opening. Alternatively, however, it would be possible to work without a thickened attachment end, namely, if the bristle is thick enough and the edge is pressed into the elastic bristle, so that then the attachment end thickened by the displaced material.

The thickened attachment end, for example, has the shape of a flat cylinder and / or the singular, prefabricated bristle is a multi-component injection molded part. In this connection, the thickened attachment end may be made of another, preferably harder material, for example polypropylene, than at least the outer surface of the singular prefabricated bristle outside the anchoring opening. Preferably, the attachment end is even harder than the entire remainder of the singular prefabricated bristle. Due to the harder attachment end of the bristle seat in the anchoring opening is better.

Usually, a plurality of anchoring openings are provided in the bristle carrier, wherein at least one, preferably a plurality of anchoring openings are provided only with the / the singular, prefabricated bristles. On the other hand, at least one other, preferably the remaining anchoring openings are provided with prefabricated bristle tufts, so that the brush has a mixed form of conventional bristle tufts and thicker, elastomeric cleaning elements.

Seen in side view, the singular bristle protrudes with its free end, for example, at least as far as the free end of the bristle tuft, and is thus not shorter than the bristle tufts. It may be advantageous if the elastomeric cleaning elements, i. the singular bristles are even longer than bristle tufts and protrude beyond their ends. Of course, the elastomeric cleaning elements may also be shorter than the bristle tufts.

Another peculiarity of the invention is that the wall, which defines the anchoring opening in the bristle carrier, after deformation from the front side is deformed only to above the thickened end. The attachment end may be, for example, a thickened end or the thickened attachment end of a bristle tufts, in which the bristles integrally merge into one another. It would be expected that the entire anchoring opening is as tight and gap-free as possible at the attachment end to allow any movement of the bristle or bristle tufts in any direction. However, the invention takes a different approach. The attachment end is not completely compressed, but has some free space within the anchoring opening. As a result, the position of the at least one bristle, but in particular of the bristles within a bristle tuft, can be set more precisely. For example, if the thickened end of a bristle tuft is completely compressed, the bristles try to spread apart and no longer have the parallel alignment.

For example, the deformation should only occur in the region of the edge of the anchoring opening, i. in the region of that wall section which lies in the region of the mouth of the anchoring opening take place.

With respect to the finished brush, the wall of the anchoring opening does not clamp the attachment end of the bristle or the at least one entire bristle tufts over a depth of at least 0.8 mm and / or does not deform the attachment end either. This area, in which no clamping and / or no deformation of the attachment end, begins with the bottom of the anchoring opening and extends further over the at least 0.8 mm toward the front of the bristle carrier.

There may even be an air gap between the wall and the at least one bristle / bristle tuft, in particular in the region of the bottom or adjacent to the bottom of the anchoring opening.

As previously mentioned, the at least one bristle or the at least one entire bristle tuft may have a thickened attachment end. The edge of the anchoring opening is deformed, ie the area of the wall that lies in the area of the mouth to the front. In this area, the edge is narrowed so that the anchoring opening expands towards the ground and the thickened Fastening in the extension direction of the deformed edge is engaged behind, so that pulling out of the bristle / bristle tufts is prevented by acting as a stop edge.

With regard to the accuracy of the orientation of the bristle or bristles of a tuft of bristles, which was previously mentioned, the thickened attachment end, starting from its end near the front of the bristle carrier in the axial direction to the rear side over only a maximum of 50% of its total axial length in the Anchoring be clamped. If, for example, the attachment end is a ball, as is usually produced when the bristle ends merge, only a maximum of that half of the ball is clamped in the anchoring opening facing the front side.

The constricted "neck" of the anchoring opening near the mouth formed by the deformation, i. the deformed edge of the anchoring opening that engages behind the thickened attachment end may, for example, have an axial extent (axial in the context of the invention always in the direction from the front to the back or from the back to the front) of 0.5-1.3 mm, in particular 0.6-0.9 mm. This is an extremely low altitude.

The brushes produced by the invention, in particular toothbrushes, can have a very small thickness in the region of the bristle carrier due to the invention. While heretofore toothbrushes in the region of the head have a thickness of about 4 mm, the invention allows a thickness of less than 4 mm, with better holding forces for the bristles or bristle tufts than in the prior art. Furthermore, it is possible due to the invention, bristle tufts, even larger bristle tufts, to position very close to the edge of the front, which was previously not possible.

Bristle tufts can also be narrowed in cross section by deforming the edge of the anchoring opening. That is, a bristle tuft is fixed in the anchoring opening, and the edge of the anchoring opening is deformed so that the edge compacts the bristle tufts in an area where the bristles are juxtaposed. The region in which the bristles lie next to one another preferably directly adjoins the attachment end, which is formed by the fused bristles. The bristle tufts thus receives a smaller cross-section after the deformation and narrowing of the anchoring opening than it had before after the insertion of the bristle tufts into the anchoring opening.

It is preferably provided that the bristle tufts are compressed by at least 3%, in particular at least 5%. This compaction is determined by the difference in cross-section, more specifically the difference in cross-sectional area, of the receiving opening in the tool part to the cross-section of the deformed anchoring opening in the region of the edge, i. the mouth of the anchoring opening to the front, defined.

However, for toothbrushes, for example, the cross-section is only reduced by a maximum of 0.4 mm.

Preferably, prior to its deformation, the anchoring opening only has an oversize side of less than 0.2 mm in relation to the largest cross-section of the attachment end of the tuft / bristle in order to allow insertion of the attachment end into the anchoring opening without effort. After deformation, a positive connection results through the narrowed edge of the anchoring opening, in which the edge can be narrower by only 0.1-0.3 mm in cross section than the largest cross section of the fastening end. This minimum projection is sufficient to realize excellent pull-out values.

The invention also makes it possible to process bristle carriers with elastomers already sprayed on the back. The elastomer is thus already sprayed onto the back of the bristle carrier when the bristle / bristle tufts is inserted into the front anchoring opening. The holder, in which the bristle carrier is received when applying the pressure force, has a recess. This recess is designed so that it receives the bristle carrier back together with elastomer. The recess may in particular be designed to be complementary to the shape of the bristle carrier provided with the encapsulation. Since the elastomer toothbrushes is usually designed as a tongue cleaner with protruding nubs, the holder has correspondingly complementary recesses for these nubs.

Preferably, however, the depth of the recess is designed so that its volume for receiving the elastomer is smaller than the uncompressed volume of the elastomer. Thus, the volume in the receptacle is adjusted to the actual volume of the compressed elastomer upon application of the compressive force to deform the edge of the anchoring opening. Since the elastomer is softer than the bristle carrier, it must be prevented that the pressure force is too low due to the intermediate elastomer.

The opposing force applied during deformation of the holder can be completely introduced via the elastomer in the front part of the bristle carrier. It does not necessarily take place directly contacting the back of the bristle carrier without the interposition of elastomer with the holder to initiate opposing forces in the bristle carrier.

The aforementioned various options of the method according to the invention can have the following optimized steps:

The tool part is heated so that the bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular below 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material. The tool part is moved relative to the bristle carrier so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier and heats it.

• eine dem Borstenträger gegenüberliegende Stirnseite des Werkzeugteils wird auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur gebracht, die in einem Bereich von zwischen Umgebungstemperatur und 210 °C, insbesondere 150 °C, liegt;
• das Werkzeugteil wird relativ zum Borstenträger bewegt, sodass das Werkzeugteil den Borstenträger kontaktiert und ihn auf die vorbestimmte Temperatur bringt, jedoch ohne den Borstenträger und die wenigstens eine Borste zu schmelzen.

According to a further aspect, the method according to the invention for producing a brush, which has a bristle carrier with at least one anchoring opening and at least one bristle inserted into the anchoring opening and anchored therein in an anchorless manner, wherein the bristle carrier and the at least one bristle are formed from a thermoplastic material may be the same or different, further developed by the following steps:

• a bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought to a predetermined temperature, which is in a range of between ambient temperature and 210 ° C, in particular 150 ° C;
• the tool part is moved relative to the bristle carrier so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier and brings it to the predetermined temperature, but without melting the bristle carrier and the at least one bristle.

The thermoplastic material in all embodiments is preferably made of polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), preferably BR003, and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyethylene ( PE), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) existing group. Both homopolymers and copolymers with said thermoplastics can be used.

According to the invention, the bristle carrier and the at least one bristle inserted into the tool part should not melt when the tool part contacts the bristle carrier. The predetermined temperature is for this purpose preferably at most 85 %% of the melting temperature of the thermoplastic material. Thus, damage to the bristles and / or the bristle carrier can be reliably prevented.

Preferably, the predetermined temperature is in a range between 30 ° C and 150 ° C, more preferably between 60 ° C and 140 ° C, in particular between 90 and 130 ° C or 100 and 115 ° C.

The predetermined temperature is more preferably above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic. This provides adequate deformability of the thermoplastic material.

The inventive method differs fundamentally from the prior art, because on the one hand, it provides exclusively a anchorless attachment of the bristle, the tufts of bristles or bristle tufts. The anchoring opening itself is prefabricated, that is, holes are not pressed into the bristle carrier here with heated punches, but rather the receiving openings already result during the injection molding of the bristle carrier. Furthermore, the receiving opening is not heated on the inside first and thus softens the inside edge of the opening, so that the bristle or bristle tufts is pressed into the soft wall of the receiving opening. Rather, the bristle or the bristle tufts is preferably first inserted into the receiving opening, and only then the bristle carrier is heated on its front side opposite the tool part, but without melting. It is carried out below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, wherein the heating by the tool part in which the bristle or bristle tufts sat, takes place and not by its own pure heating tool, which then has to be moved away again when the bristle or the bristle tufts is supplied. Such heating up by the tool part itself, in which the bristle or bristle tufts are seated, is therefore neither envisaged in the prior art nor by him suggested because the bristle tufts in the prior art should penetrate into the soft, heated wall of the bristle carrier and therefore had to have a high intrinsic stability in order to forward the pressing force exerted on the bristle tufts can. Only by the pressing force exerted on the bristle tufts on the reverse side and by the inherent stiffness of the cold bristle tuft was it possible to press the anchoring end into the softened wall of the bristle carrier. In addition, the heating takes place by contacting the bristle carrier by the heating tool part itself and not, as in the prior art mainly usual, by contactless heating. Thus, the energy transitions are on the one hand faster attainable and on the other hand, the device with fewer parts executable.

The heating of the bristle carrier during the entire forming process is carried out to a temperature below the melting temperature, preferably to a temperature which is well below the melting temperature, for example, at least 15% below the respective melting temperature calculated in ° C and preferably at most 15% above the glass transition temperature, calculated in ° K and in a bristle carrier material with a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K. In the case of a bristle material having a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K, the temperature to which the bristle carrier is heated during the entire forming process is at most 50% above the glass transition temperature in ° K calculated. Preferably, the bristle carrier is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature.

The invention and its preferred and previously described advantageous variants provide in particular for the use of polypropylene, of which some groups have a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K, have a glass transition temperature above 300 ° K, as bristle carrier material. Other preferred bristle carrier materials are PET, PBT, PA, ABS, SAN and PC. These bristle carrier materials all have glass transition temperatures of over 300 ° K.

The glass transition temperature can be determined, for example, by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The melting point of semicrystalline thermoplastics is considered to be the upper end of the melting range. A determination of the melting temperature can be carried out, for example, by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For amorphous thermoplastics, the transition to the flow or processing range is considered to be the melting temperature.

In order for the clocking in the manufacture of bristle carriers to be relatively short, an embodiment of the invention provides that the tool part, before contacting the bristle carrier, is heated up. Of course, this has the disadvantage that the bristle or bristle tuft itself is already heated with what was not desired in the prior art, because the bristle tufts should indeed press into the soft wall. According to the invention, the tool part can already be heated to its predetermined maximum operating temperature before it contacts the bristle carrier.

The invention provides inter alia in one embodiment of the invention, that the melting temperature of the plastic of the bristle carrier is below the melting temperature of the bristle or bristles. However, there are also brushes in which the bristle carrier material is equal to the bristle material, for example polypropylene and PA.

As already explained, the bristle carrier should be heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle through the tool part, preferably exclusively by contacting. Of course, if a bristle carrier comes close to a hot or hot tool part, a minimal increase in temperature will occur, but this increase in temperature is absolutely negligible and occurs only on the immediate surface.

However, should the feed movement take a very long time, it is alternatively conceivable for the tool part to bring the bristle carrier in the area of the contact surface with the tool during the feed movement of the tool part to the temperature below the melting temperature of the bristle carrier material and, preferably, greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature the material of the bristle carrier is. Alternatively or additionally, can also Contacting the bristle carrier through the tool part of the bristle carrier to the aforementioned temperature.

The heating of the bristle carrier to the predetermined and aforementioned temperature or temperature ranges should according to one embodiment of the invention 0.25 to 0.5 mm below the tool part facing surface of the bristle carrier (front) reach until the deformation process is completed. Since the tool part presses against the bristle carrier over a longer period of time and heats it, the heat energy also migrates deeper into the interior of the bristle carrier. As a result, when the bristle carrier is first contacted by the tool part, it does not already have to be heated to depth, it is sufficient to achieve this heating during the feed movement and the contact time (contact time).

In a first phase of the feed movement relative to the bristle carrier, the tool part can heat, at least in the region of the edge surrounding the anchoring opening, but preferably in the entire contact region, to a temperature which is above a limit temperature which is 60% in ° C, especially 80 ° % of the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material, when working with a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K. This applies in particular to bristle carrier materials such as polypropylene variants with a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K, PET, PBT, PA, ABS, SAN and PC. Alternatively, the limit temperature is the ambient temperature when working with a bristle carrier material whose glass transition temperature is less than 300 ° K, which is the case in particular when using polypropylene variants with such low glass transition temperatures. The heating takes place before the tool part deforms the edge in a second phase of the feed movement and the edge presses against the at least one bristle.

In particular, the bristle carrier material may be heated to a temperature which is within a range between the glass transition temperature and below about 85% of the melting temperature of the thermoplastic in ° C. Depending on the thermoplastic material used, this temperature is preferably in a range of between 30 ° C and 210 ° C, more preferably between 60 and 140 ° C, preferably between 90 and 130 ° C or 100 and 115 ° C.

As has been found in experiments, the bristle or bristle tufts should first be pushed into the receiving opening before the tool part contacts the bristle carrier, in particular before the bristle carrier has been heated to a temperature at least in the region of the edge surrounding the anchoring opening (preferably in the entire contact area) which is above a limit temperature which is 40% in ° C, in particular 20% in ° C below the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material when working with a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K (this applies in particular bristle carrier materials such as polypropylene variants with a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K, PET, PBT, PA, ABS, SAN and PC), or which corresponds to the ambient temperature when working with a bristle carrier material whose glass transition temperature is less than 300 ° K, ie in particular P polypropylene variants with such low glass transition temperatures. The edge of the anchoring opening is at least the outer edge at the front of the bristle carrier.

Another variant of the invention provides that the at least one bristle or bristle tufts is first pushed into the receiving opening before the edge of the anchoring opening is heated to a temperature which is at least 30 ° C above the ambient temperature, in particular before the edge of the anchoring opening is heated in the interior of the anchoring opening over the ambient temperature by the tool part. This means that the edge inside the opening is not appreciably heated in the latter variant, in contrast to the prior art, where heated pins should penetrate into the opening to the inside edge of the opening, that is, the wall defining the opening, to the hole bottom to warm up.

The deformation should be such that the edge of the bristle carrier presses at the transition to the front or end side of the bristle carrier on the entire circumference against the outer bristles of the attached bristle tufts, so that a compression of the bristle tufts takes place. Of course, the nature or extent of compaction depends on the cross section of the bristle tuft. In the case of toothbrushes, the cross-section of the anchoring opening is reduced, for example, by a maximum of 0.3 mm, preferably by a maximum of 0.15 mm.

Preferably, the lack of heating of the opening wall also relates to the other embodiments. This means that optionally only in the region of the front side, ie at the transition of the front side to the anchoring opening, the edge is brought to the predetermined limit temperatures or temperatures, in the opening itself, however, the ambient temperature is substantially maintained as long as the tool part does not contact the bristle carrier ,

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the tool part is also heated in the entire contact region, in which the tool part contacts the bristle carrier, and not only in the punctiform region or linear region around the edge of the anchoring opening. This has the advantage that the tool part has the entire contact area and thus the entire adjacent material area of the tool part available to move this material area by the high pressure applied and reshape. It is also advantageous if the tool part even the Whole the tool part facing the end face of the bristle carrier, so its front, contacted, but at least contacted at least 70% of the surface of the front and pressurized. In the prior art, a kind of collar was created by projecting beads on the bristle carrier produced, which represented the only heated and formed material. The present invention, however, sets this clearly off by just the portions of the bristle carrier are heated and formed with, which lie away from the front edge of the anchoring openings.

The back side of the bristle carrier should not be heated by the tool part during anchoring so that in fact only the front side facing the tool part is heated and reshaped, whereas the back side forms a plate-like, stable structure which could be called the base of the bristle carrier , Consequently, this part of the bristle carrier is not reshaped or changed in shape during the pressurization.

The tool part can, at least during the entire time in which it exerts pressure on the bristle carrier, also heat the bristle carrier on the front side. Thus, the invention is not a short-term pre-heating of the bristle carrier and a subsequent rapid movement of the bristle tufts in the heated material portions of the bristle carrier, as is the case in the prior art with the previously heated bristle carriers into which bristle tufts are then pushed ,

The plastics used in the present invention are, for example, copolyesters, especially Eastar ™ BR003 (having a melting temperature range of 230 to 280 ° C), polypropylenes, in particular a homopolymer such as PPH5042 having a melting temperature of 165 ° C, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyvinyl acetate or polyethylene , If these materials have a glass transition temperature above the ambient temperature, here 300 ° K, energy should be introduced into the bristle carrier via the tool part. This is also advantageous for materials whose glass transition temperature is below ambient temperature. However, according to a variant of the invention, it is also possible with such materials of the bristle carrier to manage without heating up of the bristle carrier by the tool part. Then, at the ambient temperature, the deformation is achieved exclusively via the pressure of the tool part on the bristle carrier.

Advantageously, bristle carrier materials are heated to the following temperatures in the process according to the invention and by the device according to the invention which is explained below: Bristle carrier Melting temperature [° C] Glass transition temperature [° C] Process temperature [° C] polypropylene 160 ° -170 ° -10 ° - 0 ° <136 ° PET 260 ° 70 ° <120 ° PBT 220 ° 47 ° <95 ° PA 200 ° - 260 ° 50 - 60 ° <98 ° SECTION 220 ° - 250 ° 95 ° <150 ° PC 220 ° - 230 ° 148 ° <210 ° SAN 200 ° 108 ° <165 °

The invention provides in particular for PET, a heating of the front side of the bristle carrier in a range of 75-95 ° C, in particular 80-90 ° C and PP of 115 to 125 ° C, in particular 110-120 ° C before.
In particular, PP is used with a melt flow index (MFI) of 6-35, preferably 10-15.

The inventive method provides in the preferred embodiment, not only a bristle, which is used in total in a receiving opening, but a plurality of anchoring openings and a plurality of receiving openings in the bristle carrier or in the tool part. The receiving openings are aligned in each case to the associated anchoring openings. In the receiving openings bristle tufts are used, which are then inserted into the anchoring openings, preferably inserted simultaneously. The tool part simultaneously heats up at least the edges of the anchoring openings, preferably the entire contact surface, so that the entire area between the anchoring openings is heated. By exerting pressure on the front side of the bristle carrier, the anchoring openings are closed at the same time, thereby anchoring the bristle tufts at the same time.

Preferably, the contact area between the tool part and bristle carrier on the tool part is flat, as is the front side of the bristle carrier, which faces the tool part. However, there are also bristle carriers that have a convex or concave curved front. The tool part has a complementary end face.

The feed movement of the tool part relative to the bristle carrier can be performed pressure and time-controlled and / or pressure and path controlled.

Alternatively, the device is simply driven to block by, for example, an electric motor is provided (for example via a spindle drive), the current consumption or power consumption of the electric motor is detected and is assumed from reaching a predetermined limit that the device is in the closed position in which preferably the holder and the tool part touch each other. From then on, the so-called hold time could run.

The term "movement or feed movement of the tool part relative to the bristle carrier" means that one of the two parts or both parts are moved relative to each other.

A further variant of the invention provides that the tool part exerts a preferably constant compressive force on the bristle carrier for a predetermined time from the time of contacting the bristle carrier. This optional method is particularly easy to implement, because it is simply applied a compressive force and exercised for a while on the bristle carrier, so to speak as a contact time, then to remove the tool part and bristle carrier again from each other. Further method steps are not required here, as in the other variants of the invention, to anchor the bristle or the bristle tufts in the bristle carrier.

The feed movement and / or the applied pressure from the tool part relative to or on the bristle carrier can extend from the contact of the bristle carrier through the tool part to reach the maximum feed path non-linear over time. As a result, for example, a longer or shorter initial exposure time of the temperature can be realized, and then another pressure is then applied to further and permanently deform the bristle carrier material.

In contrast to the aforementioned prior art, the attachment end of the at least one bristle or bristle tufts, when inserted into the associated anchoring opening (s), may be smaller than the cross-section of the anchoring opening, of course prior to its deformation and prior to heating of the bristle carrier , be. This means that the bristle tufts are not pressed into the lateral wall of the anchoring opening, as has been proposed in the prior art. The attachment end is also not pressed into the bottom of the anchoring opening, because this is not or not sufficiently heated to be soft. Furthermore, no axial force is exerted on the bristles, which goes beyond the necessary force for pushing out the bristles from the receiving opening.

Important for the present method and a great difference from the prior art is the relatively long exposure time of the tool part on the bristle carrier, while the pressure is exerted on the bristle carrier and this is additionally heated. The exposure time is at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds and a maximum of 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds. Over this long exposure time, the pressure can be consistent and / or a permanent heating of the bristle carrier take place. The anchoring opening may be a blind hole, in particular with a maximum depth of 4 mm, more particularly a maximum of 2.7 mm.

Due to the fact that the bristle carrier is deformed in the area of the front side, the thickness of the bristle carrier is reduced by the method according to the invention.

The anchoring opening is reshaped and narrowed only to a depth of at most 85%, in particular a maximum of 70%, preferably even only a maximum of 60% of its total depth, that is, it is not narrowed in the region of the bottom of the blind hole.

A significant further difference from the prior art also exists in the applied pressure, which is considerably higher than in the previously proposed method. The tool part brings namely a pressure of at least 200 bar, in particular at least 400 bar on the bristle carrier.

The at least one anchoring opening, preferably all anchoring openings, have no protruding collar before the bristle carrier is acted upon by the tool part in the region of the mouth of the anchoring opening. Rather, these bristle carriers are flat on their front side facing the tool part, at least in the area of contact with the tool part. The enormous pressure of 200 and more bar ensures that it is reshaped entire area of the surface or contact surface and, with the exception of an oblique anchoring opening explained below, no protruding collar is required as material accumulation.

The invention also makes it possible to produce brushes with bristle tufts which run obliquely to the front. This is surprising because the oblique orientation of the bristle tufts the mouth edge of the anchoring opening sections so to speak below the inclined tufts and thus is harder to reach for the tool for forming and on the other hand, the forming of the material in this area actually erecting the obliquely Tufts should lead. However, as has been found in experiments, this is not the case. By means of the method and device according to the invention, bristle tufts can thus also be installed obliquely in the bristle carrier.

If the anchoring opening in its interior have an edge portion extending obliquely to its front side opposite the tool part, additional material accumulation may be necessary at this area. Then, the bristle carrier has before the application of the bristle carrier by the tool part at the front edge, for example in the region of the oblique edge portion or opposite to the inclined edge portion opposite the front in the direction of the tool part projecting extension. Otherwise, advantageously, the front of the bristle carrier completely flat.

As a tool part in particular a magazine is used, which is equipped with the at least one bristle or at least one bristle tufts. If several bristles or more bristle tufts to be attached to the bristle carrier, then all bristles or tufts are housed in the same magazine and are inserted after loading simultaneously.

The or the attachment ends of the bristles or bristle tufts protrude after loading with its attachment end of the magazine and are heated at this attachment end, without having to leave the magazine. The thickening is then formed at the free end protruding from the magazine attachment end. The magazine is therefore not a pure stamping tool, but also a transport tool, which is moved laterally to the bristle carrier coming from a Bestückungsstation and is then pressed against the bristle carrier.

The thickening, i. the thickened attachment end may subsequently, i. be actively cooled immediately before it is produced, before it is inserted into the anchoring opening in the bristle carrier. This can increase the cycle time. In addition, it is avoided that the thickening is then deformed during application of the compressive force so that the bristles are no longer optimally aligned with each other. The active cooling does not mean, for example, that the thickened attachment end in the device is cooled by the ambient temperature prevailing there. Rather, a device for cooling is provided, for example, an active air flow, which is generated by a fan. This air flow can either transport ambient air, for example from farther away from the heated parts, or also transport cooled air coming from an air conditioning system. Another possibility is to provide a cold chamber through which the attachment end is transported with the bristle or through.

As already mentioned, the tool part has, for example, a planar end facing the bristle carrier (at least in the area of contact with the bristle carrier) and / or a geometry which can not protrude into the anchoring opening, ie without pin-like projections or the like, as in the prior art Technique was proposed.

As has been found, the position of the so-called parting plane between the holder and the tool part, in which both abut against each other, relative to the bristle carrier is important. So it is advantageous if the cavity formed for receiving the bristle carrier is formed not only in the holder, but also partially in the tool part. Based on the thickness of the bristle carrier, however, the vast majority of the cavity is formed by a recess in the holder. The parting plane should preferably be close to or immediately adjacent to a rounded transition between the side surface and the front side of the bristle carrier, ie outside of the rounded transition. Thus, this rounded transition is by no means provided with any heel or burr created by extruded bristle carrier material.

By applying pressure and heat or only by pressure, the total thickness of the bristle carrier is permanently reduced, that is, not only partially, but in total. The bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought in particular to a temperature which is a maximum of 140 ° C, in particular a maximum of 130 ° C. For example, polypropylene, PET, ABS or SAN is used here as material for the bristle carrier.

When using PET as a bristle carrier material, it has been found that the front of the bristle carrier during forming to 75-95 ° C, especially 80-90 ° C, and when using PP (for example, with a melt flow index (MFI)) from 6-35, preferably 10-15, to 105-125 ° C, in particular 110-120 ° C should be brought.

At the bristle carrier, as already briefly mentioned, at least one frontally projecting, elastic cleaning element made of an elastomer, in particular TPE, injection-molded and attached to the bristle carrier, before or after attachment of the at least one bristle, wherein the cleaning element at the edge of the bristle carrier and / or inwardly of the edge between bristles or bristle tufts is arranged. Consequently, mixed forms of cleaning elements in the same brush are conceivable. Injected cleaning elements, tufts of bristles, which are attached to the bristle carrier by reshaping the edge of the anchoring opening, as well as singular bristles in the form of elastomeric, prefabricated cleaning elements, which are also secured by forming the edge of the anchoring opening on the bristle carrier, can be attached to the bristle carrier in any combination , Further, the brush body may be formed as a multi-component injection molded part

The bristles may also be pre-sharpened, that is to say chemically or mechanically sharpened bristles or pre-rounded.

In the same bristle carrier a plurality of bristle tufts can be anchored, wherein at least one bristle tufts of bristles of a different material with a different melting temperature than the bristles of at least one other bristle tufts consists. The bristle tufts, which consist of different bristle materials, are heated to different degrees in order to fuse the bristles of a tuft together in each case to form a thickened attachment end. This can be implemented in various ways: the distance between the end of the bristle tuft facing a heating device and the heating device is set differently depending on the bristle material and / or the heating device is heated to different temperatures and / or different, to different temperatures, depending on the bristle material heated heaters matched to the associated bristle material are used.

For example, the bristle books are pressed out of the magazine at different distances. Those tufts of lighter melting material remain e.g. closer to the magazine than the others, so that the tufts of bristles, which have moved further out, come closer to the heating device than the others and are therefore more heated. Alternatively, the bristle tufts can also be processed one after the other by successively pushing the bristle tufts having different bristle materials out of the magazine with their attachment end, in order then to get closer to the heating device. Either the heater is then heated to two suitable, different temperatures, or different hot heaters are used for their respective associated bristle tufts.

For a nylon brush and PBT bristles, e.g. First, the bristles of nylon heated and then the PBT.

The aforementioned advantageous variants can also be combined with each other expressly.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device with which brushes can be produced in a simple manner and in which the pressure forces for deforming the bristle carrier can be kept low. The object of the invention is achieved by means of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in that the device has several stations, including a spray station for producing the bristle carrier and a later station for attaching the at least a bristle in the bristle carrier, wherein in the injection station a Spritzgußformhälftenteil is present with at least one projecting into a Spritzkavität pin forming a portion of the Spritzgußformhälftenteils and generates the formed as a blind hole anchoring opening, wherein the pin protrudes from a bottom surface of the Spritzgußformhälftenteils and wherein Injection mold halves part has a circumferentially closed groove around the pin in the bottom surface, which has a varying cross-section over the circumference, the station for fixing the at least one bristle a holder for the bristle carrier and a tool part with at least one receiving opening for the at least one Bristle or at least one bristle tufts, the receiving opening opens on the bristle carrier facing the front side of the tool part, and wherein the tool part besi at least a portion of the front side heating heating Protected, which is designed and regulated so that the end face is heated to a temperature of at most 140 ° C, in particular a maximum of 130 ° C.

In particular, polypropylene, PET, ABS or SAN is used here as material for the bristle carrier.

In the device according to the invention, a tool part, which acts as a temporary support for the bristle or the bristle tufts or used as a press die and at the same time as a means of transport. A heater on the front side of the tool part is designed and is controlled by a controller that the front side is heated to a temperature of 140 ° C maximum, in particular at most 130 ° C when it is moved against the bristle carrier. A device that can theoretically drive higher temperatures, but whose control or regulation limits the temperature accordingly predetermined, of course, also falls under the device defined by definition.

As explained above in connection with the method, the feed movement of the tool part can be realized relative to a holder of the bristle carrier by movement of the holder and / or the tool part, wherein the feed movement pressure and time-controlled and / or pressure and path controlled or only time-controlled or can only be driven away.

The device according to the invention can apply a pressure of at least 200 bar, in particular at least 400 bar, to the bristle carrier, that is to say in the direction of the holder.

The heatability of the tool part should be performed in the entire contact area with the bristle carrier or even in the entire region of the end face of the tool part, which is opposite to the holder and thus the bristle carrier used in the holder.

As further explained already in connection with the method according to the invention, the tool part is for example a magazine which is equipped in a loading station of the device with the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts. The at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts (under "at least one bristle" generally fall, for the entire present description and the claims also one or more bristle tufts) projects after loading with its / its attachment end from the magazine. In a melting station, which is located after the loading station, the or the attachment ends is heated, whereby each forms a thickening. When using one or more bristle tufts, the bristles of the corresponding bristle tufts are combined by thermal forming. It forms in particular a kind of mushroom, dome or spherical thickening.

In general, in the device according to the invention, either the magazine can be moved and the stations can be stationary, or the magazine remains stationary and stuffing tools or heating devices or holders are moved to the magazine. These tools or stances may be arranged, for example, on a rotating carousel, which successively leaves magazines which are stationed. The device according to the invention has a controller which controls the feed movement of the tool part relative to the bristle carrier and the heating process of the tool part in such a way that the tool part is heated before it makes contact with the bristle carrier. This means that before the feed movement of the tool part in the direction of the holder, the tool part is already warm. At this stage, but not necessarily, the maximum operating temperature may be present. The bristle carrier is heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle through the tool part, which is realized by the projection of the thickened end relative to the magazine and the distance of the end face of the magazine to the corresponding contact surface on the bristle carrier.

The device according to the invention is in particular designed so that the tool part is permanently heated to the desired temperature, which is necessary for heating the front side of the bristle carrier for the deformation process. This means that the tool part is also already warm and at this desired temperature when the at least one bristle or bristle tufts are introduced into the receiving opening or receiving openings. If, during the melting of the bristle ends, the tool part also receives the at least one bristle tufts, care must be taken that the temperature of the tool part and / or the residence time of the at least one bristle / bristle tuft in the receiving opening are not sufficient a deformation of the bristle or bristles of a bristle tufts leads.

The controller can heat the tool part to such a temperature and control the delivery of the tool part to the bristle carrier so that the tool part brings the bristle carrier in the region of the contact surface with the tool part during the feed movement of the tool part to the bristle carrier and / or upon contacting the bristle carrier to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the material of the bristle carrier and, preferably, greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature of the material of the bristle carrier, in particular wherein the controller is programmed to form the temperature of the tool part for a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K a maximum of 15% above the glass transition temperature calculated in ° K and sets a maximum of 50% above the glass transition temperature in ° K for a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K.

Of course, in the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention brush body or bristle carrier can be supplied, which are produced in the standard single or multi-component injection molding process. Thus, handles, or more generally, brush bodies or bristle carriers can be used, which are used in toothbrushes that are traditionally stuffed with the (metal) anchor technique. Usually, however, these handles / brush body / bristle carrier have deeper anchoring openings than is necessary in the inventive method.

In the case of anchor technology, multi-component handles or brush bodies or bristle carriers have already been used for years, where elastomeric structures are injection-molded in the head region of the brush body between the anchoring openings and / or the edge of the brush head. Also on the back of the brush head z. B. elastomeric tongue cleaner and sprayed be. All these possibilities also apply to the method and the device according to the invention.

In anchor technique, these elastomeric structures are placed on the front or back before the bristles occur. Only exceptionally, the attachment of the elastomeric structure after the bristle occurs, which is not common. Most often, in a multi-component injection molding tool, these elastomeric structures are sprayed onto a stiffer support structure. Such multi-component tools for toothbrush bodies are very common.

The handles, brush body / bristle carriers, which are supplied in the method according to the invention and / or the device according to the invention, can be easily sprayed with all today known Bürstenkörperpritzgießstechniken and tools. The anchoring openings are pre-molded by means of molding pins, which may have round or any cross-sectional shape and which protrude into the injection cavity. These pins can then be pulled out of the cavities after sufficient cooling and / or curing of the injected plastic, z. B. by means of slides before a complete demolding of the injection molded part takes place. The so-called mold pins can be mounted parallel and / or angled to each other, so as to produce parallel and / or angled anchoring openings in the injection molded part. In the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention, pens can typically dip somewhat less deeply into the injection cavities when spraying such parts than when spraying brush bodies or bristle carriers which are to be filled with the anchoring technique. As a result, the anchoring openings in the spray lengths are somewhat less deep. Since these openings are less deep, the total head thickness of the brush, which are produced by the method and apparatus according to the invention, run significantly lower than brush heads, which are stuffed with the anchor technique. This results in the production of toothbrushes a clinical advantage.

The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention have particular advantages when using clear, ie transparent, materials for the bristle carrier or the brush body. Such materials are usually PET, copolyester, SAN, ABS, etc. These materials may also have pre-molded anchoring openings, as with bristle carriers / brush bodies / polypropylene handles; and / or with elastomers (eg TPE, TPU) in a multi-component process. After the bristle carrier / brush body / handles are then injected in a multi-component process, they can be further processed as described above and then described with reference to the device, as the invention provides.

In the process sequence for producing the brush temporally and / or spatially in front of the station with the holder and the tool part acting as a press die, for example, a spray station for producing the tufts carrier may be provided, wherein in the injection station an injection mold half with at least one protruding into a spray cavity extension, which is immovably attached to the injection mold half or part, possibly integral part thereof, is present. Thus, the currently used in injection mold halves active slide partially or even completely redundant. Each extension produces namely designed as a blind hole anchoring opening. Gate valves are not only expensive to manufacture, but also expensive in terms of maintenance and repair. Because the bristle or bristle tufts are not fixed with an anchor in the bristle carrier in the apparatus according to the invention, which requires a minimum depth for the anchoring opening, anchoring openings with a shallower depth are completely sufficient for fixing the bristle or bristle tufts. It should be emphasized that, of course, the spray station does not necessarily have to be placed spatially next to the station with the holder. Rather, the injection station may be located locally in another manufacturing shop or in a remote manufacturing location, e.g. be in another city so that the bristle wearers e.g. can be prepared in stock and then transported to another hall or to another manufacturing location to be provided with the bristle tufts.

The injection mold half part can be formed in the embodiment by a first part and / or an insert received in the first part. The insert has the pins that protrude from the insert on the front. The insert is slidable relative to the first part, in a corresponding opening in the first part which is closed by the insert.

The device according to the invention has at least one electric motor, preferably a servo motor for applying the pressure force to the bristle carrier. Electric motors have the advantage that the pressure force can be adjusted very easily and that they are reliable and easily adjustable again.

There may be provided a plurality of electric motors for applying the pressure force. Furthermore, an electric motor can also apply pressure to a plurality of bristle carriers at the same time by delimiting a plurality of cavities between a tool part and a holder. In order to increase the discharge rate of the device, in particular a plurality of electric motors are provided, each of which act on a plurality of bristle carrier with pressure.

Furthermore, the use of turntables or the like makes sense to increase the discharge rate. Depending on, for example, in which stations a longer cycle time is required, several units may be provided.

The apparatus of the invention should have a controller programmed to permanently heat the tool part to the desired temperature during application of the pressure to the bristle carrier. There are thus no desired temperature fluctuations in operation, so there is no heating time for the tool part, which would adversely affect the clock rate.

Finally, the invention relates to an injection mold half to be used in the device according to the invention or generally in a bristle carrier spray device for carrying out the method according to the invention. The injection mold half has at least one pin protruding into a syringe cavity protruding from a bottom surface of the injection mold half and forming the blind hole formed anchoring opening, and a circumferentially closed groove around the pin in the bottom surface, the groove changing circumferentially Cross section has, in particular a different width. Due to the circumferential groove of the cross-section changing projection is formed on the bristle carrier, with which can be tailored tailor in its dimensions after applying the temperature and the pressure inwardly bulge forming bead. Several protruding from the bottom surface pins for generating a plurality of anchoring openings may be provided. Adjacent pins extend circumferentially closed grooves which merge into each other in sections. As a result, the merging extensions of adjacent anchoring openings are produced on the bristle carrier.

A closed around its pins circumferential groove may have different depths and / or wide sections.

Incidentally, it is expressly pointed out that the advantages and features mentioned above in connection with the method according to the invention are also applicable to the devices according to the invention, individually or in combination, according to the method according to the invention.

It should also be emphasized that the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be used with any brushes, not only with toothbrushes. For example, methods and apparatus for household brushes, scrubbers, household brooms or brooms of any kind, dishwashing brushes, toilet brushes, hairbrushes, vacuum cleaner brushes, handwashing brushes and brushes of any kind, for example, for painting, painting or nail polish brush, facial brushes (as well as toothbrushes manual or electric brushes ) deploy. Consequently, the details and variants described in the following drawings can also be used for all these brushes.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the following drawings, to which reference is made.

list of figures

• - 1a to 1g various successive steps of the method according to the invention in a perspective top view and a perspective bottom view, which also shows the device according to the invention,
• - 2 an enlarged view of the bottom perspective view of the anchoring station in 1e .
• - 3 a cross-sectional view through the in 1e and 1f illustrated anchoring station before moving towards each other of magazine and bristle carrier,
• - 4 a corresponding view of the station 3 at the first contact of the magazine and the bristle carrier,
• - 5 a corresponding view of the anchoring station after 3 after the end of the infeed movement and after the end of the exposure time, immediately before moving apart and opening the station,
• - 6 a sectional view through an alternative placement station,
• - 7 a sectional view through the anchoring station according to 3 in which obliquely tufts of bristles are processed,
• - 8th a sectional view through an alternative bristle carrier used in the invention,
• 9 a front view of a bristle carrier produced in the present invention,
• 10 a sectional view through an injection mold, with the bristle carrier after 9 is injected, wherein the injection mold has an injection mold half,
• 11 a sectional view through a bristle carrier when inserting bristle tufts and / or individual elastomeric bristles,
• 12 Variants of singular prefabricated bristles used in the invention,
• 13 Variants of the method and the device according to the invention,
• 14 an enlarged sectional view through a variant of the device according to the invention, here the anchoring station, with the holder according to the invention,
• 15 an enlarged sectional view through yet another variant of the device according to the invention, here the anchoring station, with the inventive holder when used for a provided with an elastomer bristle carrier,
• 16 3 a perspective view of a bristle carrier used in the method according to the invention and in the device according to the invention and produced by the injection mold half part according to the invention,
• 17 a plan view of an elongated anchoring openings of a bristle carrier similar to that of 16 but with different heights, with inserted bristle tufts before forming,
• 18 1 shows a sectional view through a further bristle carrier with bristle tufts set in the method according to the invention before forming,
• 19 a sectional view through the bristle carrier after 18 after forming,
• 20 a sectional view through yet another bristle carrier, here with obliquely inserted bristle tufts, before forming,
• 21 a sectional view through the bristle carrier after 20 with inserted bristle tufts after forming,
• 22 a perspective top view through the bristle carrier after 20 .
• 23 a detail sectional view through the bristle carrier after 18 before reshaping, and
• 24 a partial perspective sectional view through an inventive Spritzgußformhälftenteil the device according to the invention.

In 1 a device for producing brushes, for example toothbrushes, is shown. Such a toothbrush is known to have a brush head with bristles tufts protruding from the front, a neck and a handle. These three sections can merge into one another in one piece, they form the so-called brush body. The brush head can be either directly padded, or it can be made in two parts, with a plate-like bristle carrier, which already has prefabricated blind hole-like anchoring openings after injection molding, said plate-like bristle carrier is then brought together with the rest of the head, either by welding, gluing or by overmolding. An alternative to this is that the brush head is made in one piece so that it forms the bristle carrier itself.

Such an embodiment is in 1 shown, the brush head forms at the same time the bristle carrier 10 , In this illustration, the bristle carrier 10 at the same time the brush body, because it includes style, neck and head of the brush. The bristle carrier 10 is a prefabricated, injection molded part. 2 shows that the bristle carrier 10 on its underside numerous prefabricated, produced during injection molding openings 12 has, inserted into the bristle tufts and anchored therein. The following description is identical to plate-like bristle carrier 10 transferable and readable.

In the 1 The device shown comprises a plurality of stations, namely a loading station 14, which in the 1a and 1b is shown, a melting station 16, the in 1c is shown, as well as an anchoring station 18 for the bristle tufts that are in the 1e and 1f is shown.

All stations are from a magazine 20 , also called tool part, pass through which tufts of bristles transported through the individual stations.

Although in 1 a magazine 20 shown with more detail later shown receiving openings for a brush, the magazines 20 in practice preferably so large that several adjacent groups of receiving openings for several brushes in the magazine 20 are formed. There may also be multiple rows of groups of multi-brush receiving openings.

The magazine 20 is, for example, a plate-shaped part with a constant thickness, which is one according to 1 upper, flat front side 22 has. Alternatively, the magazine, which is substantially plate-shaped, on its flat front side 22 a depression 200 with a floor 202 who may also be flat as in 14 is shown to form part of a cavity for receiving the bristle carrier 10 to build.

Since the magazine passes through several stations and is subsequently used for the production of further brushes, a magazine circulation operation is present in the device, wherein a plurality of identically formed magazines 20 be clocked in succession by the individual stations. The magazine 20 is thus a means of transport for bristle tufts 24 through the device. Alternatively, the magazine may be stationary and the individual stations are clocked around the magazine, for example on a carousel. At the same time several stationary magazines can be processed, more precisely the bristle tufts arranged in the magazines.

The magazine 20 has numerous receiving openings 26 , which have a hole pattern, which is the hole pattern of the bristle carrier 10 equivalent.

Each bristle tuft 24 consists of several bristles, which are separated from a bristle supply and how 1a shows in the magazine 20 be inserted, for example via pins, as later is explained. The individual bristle tufts 24 can be transported via pipes with compressed air or vacuum.

The bristles are made of a thermoplastic material, in particular PA, PBT, polyester, copolyester or polypropylene, but they may also consist of elastomers. Furthermore, it is also possible to use coextruded bristles, for example with a core of PA with elastomer coating. As later from the 11 and 12 will be explained, it is not absolutely necessary that only bristle tufts 24 can be used and embedded in the anchoring opening, but it can also be used and fixed only a singular, prefabricated bristle in the form of, for example, an elastomeric cleaning element in its anchoring opening according to the aforementioned method and described below. Such cleaning elements are sprayed or foamed separately and are softer than the bristle carrier 10 ,

The bristle tufts 24 have opposite ends and protrude with their back ends 28 , Called attachment ends, something from the magazine 20 out, so they face the front 22 something before. This is in 1b shown.

The magazine 20 , which complete with the bristle tufts 24 is loaded laterally in the melting station 16 transported as in 1c shown. In this station is a heater 30 present, which may be, for example, a plate heater or a hot air heater. The back ends become contactless 28 the bristle tufts 24 heated so that the individual bristles exceed their melting temperature and the bristles of a tuft flow together to form a thickened attachment end. The bristles of a bristle tuft 24 are thus integrally connected with each other. The thickening 32 a bristle tuft 24 does not go into adjacent thickening of the adjacent bristle tufts 24 over, but remain spherical or lens-shaped thickening. Also preferably no stamp is pressed against the thickening or the still liquid material of the molten bristle ends.

In the same bristle carrier 10 can have several bristle tufts 24 anchored, with at least one bristle tufts 24 of bristles of a different material with a different melting temperature than the bristles of at least one other bristle tuft 24 consists. The bristle tufts made of different bristle materials 24 are heated to different degrees in order to merge each to form a thickened attachment end, the bristles of a tuft each other. This can be implemented in various ways: the distance between the end of the bristle tufa facing a heating device 30 24 and the heater 30 is set differently depending on the bristle material and / or the heater 30 is heated depending on the bristle material to different temperatures and / or different, heated to different temperatures heaters 30 , matched to the associated bristle material, are used.

For example, depending on the bristle material, the bristle tufts will vary in size from the magazine 20 pushed out. Those bristle tufts 24 of lighter melting material, for example, remain closer to the magazine 20 than the others, so that the bristle tufts 24 moved further out are closer to the heating device 30 arrive as the others and therefore become more heated.

Alternatively, the bristle tufts 24 also be processed in succession by the bristle tufts 24 having different bristle materials being successively pushed out of the magazine with their attachment end, and then closer to the heating device 30 to get. Either the heater 30 is then heated to two suitable, different temperatures, or different hot heaters 30 come for their respective associated bristle tufts are used.

The pushing out of individual or groups of bristle tufts takes place, for example, with a divided base plate 44 (please refer 5 ), Whose parts are independently movable in the bristle longitudinal direction.

For a nylon brush and PBT bristles, e.g. First, the bristles of nylon heated and then the PBT.

Still in the melting station 16 or on the way to the subsequent anchoring station 18 or in the anchoring station 18 Optionally, the thickenings 32 can be actively cooled. This takes place, for example, by means of a cold air stream brought up via a fan 214 (please refer 1d ) or by the fact that the station 1d is designed as a cold chamber through which the magazine 20 with the still back soft thickening 32 is passed. By cooling the thickening 32 the cycle time can be increased.

The magazine 20 transports the bristle tufts 24 further into the subsequent anchoring station 18 , This anchoring station ensures that the bristle tufts 24 in the anchoring openings 12 of the bristle carrier 10 are locked permanently only anchorless.

The anchoring station 18 includes at least one holder 34 (preferably several brackets 34 ), which at its the front 22 opposite end face 36 (please refer 2 ) a recess 38 (with several bristle carriers to be picked up 10 a plurality of recesses) which is complementary to the corresponding shape of the bristle carrier 10 is formed so that it flat with its back on the holder 34 rests on (see also 14 ).

The holder 34 itself has a flat front 36 , opposite which, however, the bristle carrier 10 something protrudes, like 2 pointing to the area of the front of the bristle carrier 10 complementary depression 200 in the magazine 20 hineingeuragen, as for example in 14 is shown.

The magazine 20 is heated, for example, either by an externally supplied plate heating, in the anchoring station 18 is moved laterally to the magazine 20 and this, since the magazine 20 made of metal, can heat up quickly.

Alternatively, in the magazine 20 a heater, in particular an electrical resistance heater 39 trained in 2 and in 14 is shown. The heating coils are symbolically indicated, they are close to the front 22 or at a recess 200 near the ground 202 the recess 200, which is part of the front side 22 represents.

Electrical connection contacts 41 For example, sliding contacts on a side surface of the magazine 20 , allow it when entering the magazine 20 in the anchoring station 18 the magazine 20 electrically couple to activate the heater 39. Of course, it is also conceivable that the end face 22 including the bottom 202 the depression 200 itself represents an electrical resistance heating layer, so that here directly the front side is heated.

If the magazine 20 is fixed, the electrical connection for heating is very easy to implement, it can be permanently formed.

The heating system 39 ensures that preferably the entire front page 22 that with the bristle carrier 10 comes in contact, is heated, that is also the sections between the thickenings 32 ,

The temperature to which the front side 22 (in the region of the contact with the bristle carrier 10) is brought, is below the melting temperature of the bristle and / or the bristle carrier material, preferably both materials. In particular, it is at most 85% calculated in ° C of the respective melting temperature of these materials. For example, if both materials have a melting temperature of 100 ° C, so is the temperature of the final heated magazine 20 at the front 22 at most 85 ° C.

3 shows a sectional view through the anchoring station 18 in figure 1e before the magazine 20 and the bristle carrier 10 be driven towards each other.

The thickening 32 has such a dimension, seen in the longitudinal direction A (also called axial direction or feed direction) that it is smaller than the corresponding cross-section of the anchoring opening 12 is so that it does not touch the inside edge of the anchoring opening 12 , also inside 40 called the wall bounding the anchoring opening, abut or the inside to contact 40, in the anchoring opening 12 can be inserted. In particular, the cylindrical anchoring opening 12 At this time, only an excess of a maximum of 0.2 mm, in particular a maximum of 0.15 mm from the largest cross section of the thickening 32 (Fixing end).

The permanent, ie heated to the desired temperature during the entire operation magazine 20 and / or the holder 34 are moved relative to each other towards each other, in the present case, only the holder 34 with the bristle carrier 10 moved, so first the thickening 32 enters the anchoring opening 12 before the end face 22 the flat front and front facing her 42 of bristle carrier 10 contacted. During the delivery movement, the bristle carrier becomes 10 as good as not heated at all, as long as the bristle carrier 10 not from the magazine 20 is contacted, since the delivery movement is very rapid and no residence time in the in 3 illustrated opened position of the anchoring station 18 is available.

A base plate 44 (please refer 3 ), on which all bristle tufts 24 rest with their front, frontal, free ends and forms a support, can serve the bristle tufts 24 at their front end to each other and at the same time a distance, if desired, between the thickening 32 and the front side 22 to accomplish. The base plate 44 serves as a support for the individual bristles and for the bristle tufts 24.

In 4 is shown that the front side 22 the front 42 the bristle carrier 10 contacted and thus the bristle carrier 10 heats up at the entire contact surface between the two parts.

The bristle carrier 10 is made of thermoplastic material, in particular of the plastics already mentioned above, such as polypropylene, ABS, PA, PBT, PET or PC.

The movement of the holder 34 However, does not remain in the position of the first contact in 4 is shown, because over the bracket 34 and the magazine 20 will put a very high pressure on the bristle carrier 10 applied.

For example, with the juxtaposition a pressure of at least 200 bar, preferably at least 400 bar on the bristle carrier 10 exercised. This pressure is already from the first contact of bristle carrier 10 and magazine 20 applied and remains the same over the contact time (contact time).

This pressure is accompanied by simultaneous heating of the bristle carrier 10 over a contact time of at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds and a maximum of 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds maintained.

The exposure time is composed of a holding time and a period of time (called compression time) during the feed movement, which starts when the front side 42 from the magazine 20 and at the same time the back of the bristle carrier 10 from the holder 34 will be contacted. The compression time ends when the maximum retracted position is reached and the distance between the holder and tool part for the holding time is kept constant. The holding time is the time in which the feed movement is completed, ie the device is completely closed, and the bristle carrier 10 is received in the closed cavity. This hold time is preferably at least 1 second, preferably at least 1.5 seconds and / or a maximum of 3 seconds, in particular a maximum of 2.5 seconds.

During the compression time, the distance of the holder to the tool part is reduced extremely slowly and at a constant speed. For example, a total compression distance of 0.3 mm is covered in no more than 3 seconds.

During the exposure time, the magazine becomes 20 preferably continues to be heated, possibly the large mass of the magazine 20 it would also allow to stop the heating after the first heating to the operating temperature. Nevertheless, heating of the bristle carrier would continue during the exposure time 10 occur.

The device is driven in particular to block, ie, the holder 34 contacted outside of the recess 38 and the depression 200 formed cavity with a front side 36 (please refer 14 ) the portion of the end face 22 outside the recess 200 , In this contact region, no gap is provided into which material could penetrate from the cavity; rather, the cavity is sealed by an annular contact area.

Incidentally, it is preferable generally, not limited to the embodiment shown, no heating in the contact area between the holder 34 and magazine 20 present, leaving the heater only in the area of contact between front 42 and magazine 20 exists and works.

The parting line between bracket 34 and tool part (here magazine 20 ), passing through the front 36 is defined, is preferably closer to the front 42 than the back of the bristle carrier 10 , Exactly said separation plane is just or immediately adjacent to a rounded transition between the front 42 and the back side surface connecting 212 ,

It is advantageous if the support in the form of the base plate 44 at least during the last phase of applying the compressive force, that is removed at the end of the contact time and no longer contacted the bristles. This improves the alignment accuracy of the bristles both relative to each other and relative to the bristle carrier 10. However, the base plate is preferred 44 already removed before the start of the holding time or even before the exposure time, as shown in the 3 - 5 symbolically represented by the arrow Y. For example, the base plate 44 only in the station c) and optionally d) according to 1 used.

However, in order to determine the axial position of the bristle tufts and the individual bristles during the entire contact time, the cross section of the receiving opening 26 and the cross section of the inserted therein bristle tufts 24 coordinated so that the bristle tufts 24 in the receiving opening 26 clamped and thus axially securely positioned. Due to its own weight or inertia during the movement within the stations and from station to station, the bristle tufts 24 are not displaced.

In the example mentioned, the entire flat face, at least where contact with the magazine 20 on the front side 42 of the bristle carrier 10 is present, heated. If the magazine 20 a depression 200 It is enough, and it is advantageous if only in the area of the soil 202 the depression 200 the heater is attached. After the magazine 20 However, usually made of steel, the entire magazine 20 heated. The temperatures that are set, however, are about the front 42 of the bristle carrier 10 to bring to the desired temperature.

The temperature to which the bristle carrier in the front area 42 is heated below the melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material, in particular at or lower than 85% of the respective melting temperature, calculated in ° C. Thus, this temperature corresponds to the aforementioned maximum operating temperature of the magazine 20 in the region of the end face 22 or of the soil 202 ,

Alternatively, at least the edge 50 the anchoring opening 12 in the area of the front 42 be heated, which forms the region of the wall of the anchoring opening 12, at the mouth to the front 42 borders.

The temperature to which the bristle carrier 10 at least in the region of the edge 50, preferably in the entire contact area with the magazine, should not only be below or substantially below the melting temperature of the materials, but should be within a range of the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material. With extremely high pressure, which is above 600 bar, for example, it would be possible to use the bristle carrier 10 in the area of the front 42 , at least in the area of the edge 50 to heat only to a temperature which is above a threshold temperature which is 60% in ° C, in particular 80% in ° C of the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material, if the bristle carrier material has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K. However, this limit temperature is preferably at or minimally above the glass transition temperature. For a bristle carrier material with a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K, the heating temperature is not more than 50% above the glass transition temperature in ° K calculated.

Another variant provides that heating at least the edge 50 the front 42 , in particular the entire contact surface of the bristle carrier 10 in the region of the front side 42 is heated to a temperature which is at least 30 ° C above ambient temperature, especially before the inside 40 inside the anchoring opening 12 about the ambient temperature through the magazine 20 is heated.

As can be seen in the figures, the magazine has 20 no projections or the like with which it enters the anchoring opening 12 would protrude, as it is a flat front 22 or a level floor 202 in the area of the front 42 has.

When applying pressure and temperature, the bristle carrier material becomes the bristle carrier 10 in the area of the front 42 optionally even over the entire surface deformed. The material wants to dodge and thus migrates into the anchoring openings 12 in the region of the mouth and constricts them.

By applying heat and pressure, optionally, the entire thickness D and thus the maximum thickness of the bristle carrier 10 in the area of the mouth of the anchoring opening 12 to the front 42 be permanently reduced. The result is a kind of bead or constriction, which engages behind the thickened attachment end in the extension direction and thus the bristle tufts 24 guaranteed.

Adhesion between the thickened attachment end and the wall of the anchoring opening 12 does not occur.

The reshaping of the edge does not have to be extreme. It has been found that, for example with toothbrushes, it is sufficient to have the cross section of the anchoring opening 12 with the original width or diameter D3 in the area of the edge 218 (please refer 5A ) only so far to a width or an inner diameter D1 to reduce that the difference of the width or the diameter D2 of the thickest point of the thickening 32 (relative to the respective cross-sectional plane) to the width or the diameter D1 in the region of the edge 218 only about 0.1-0.5 mm.

It is beneficial if the thickening 32 an undersize compared to the still undeformed anchoring opening 12 on insertion (ie D2 is smaller D3).

However, this is not mandatory. It may be, for example, that a minimum lateral offset of the thickening 32 to the anchoring opening 12 is present, although the thickening 32 has an undersize and a circumferential gap between the thickening at the thickest point and the inside of the anchoring opening 12 should be present. Due to the offset, the thickening when inserted into the anchoring opening 12 on one side with the wall of the anchoring opening in contact. It may be useful in this context that the material of the thickening is not solidified to the very inside, if the thickening 32 is inserted into the anchoring opening. Forms the thickening, for example, on the outside of a still relatively thin, cold skin and is still very soft inside, the skin and the interior of the thickening is simply deflected inward, without the thickening itself being damaged. It is still suitable to be circumferentially closed behind the deformed edge.

By this idea, the thickening 32 in not yet solidified state in the anchoring opening 12 it is also possible to insert in general a thickening 32, which has an oversize relative to the cross-section of the anchoring opening 12 is formed, ie D2 the same size D3.

In 5A is the one through the anchoring opening 12 educated and through the narrowed edge 218 outwardly delimited space to accommodate the thickening 32 exaggerated, as well as the thickening 32 is exaggerated in relation to the diameter D1.

The fact is, however, that not the entire wall which forms the anchoring opening 12 at the thickening 32 or on the outside bristles, which are from the thickening 32 go out, rests. Rather, the wall is only in the area of the edge 218 and in an immediately adjacent, outward toward the ground 208 widened portion 220 formed and lies only in these areas on the bristles or the thickening 32 and puts a pressure on this.

The thickening should be the soil 208 Contact to specify the axial position of the bristle tufts exactly.

In the remaining area, for example between ground 208 and thickening 32 or in the region of the circumference of the wall adjacent to the ground 208 , there are one or more air gaps 222 between the wall and the outside of the thickening 32 so that it is not compressed, jammed and / or deformed in this area.

In the area of the edge 218 a compaction of the bristle tufts takes place 24 opposite to their condition in the magazine 20 by narrowing and narrowing the edge 218 by at least 3%, in particular at least 5%. Here, the cross-sectional area of the receiving opening in the magazine with the cross-sectional area of the edge 218 compared at its narrowest point.

All anchoring openings 12 are simultaneously closed by the illustrated device and the corresponding method and thus at the same time all bristle tufts 24 in the bristle carrier 10 anchored.

As further in 4 and 5A can be seen, not the entire anchoring opening is formed, but only up to a certain depth t, the maximum of 85%, in particular 70% of the total depth T of the anchoring opening 12 corresponds and / or has an axial extent of 0.5-1.3 mm, in particular 0.6-1.0 mm.

The thickening 32 itself is preferably clamped only in the axial direction over a maximum of 50% of its total axial length in the anchoring opening. The rest of the clamping takes place in the area of the thickening 32 outgoing bristles.

The wall of the anchoring opening 12 is over a depth Z (see 5A ) of at least 0.8 mm, starting from the bottom 208 does not deform and / or pinches the thickening 32 and not the bristles in this area either.

The depth T of the anchoring opening after the production of the brush is a maximum of 4 mm, in particular a maximum of 2.7 mm.

All anchoring openings 12 are blind holes, so that the bristle carrier 10 does not need to be covered on the back, since no parts of the bristle tufts are visible or projecting on this side.

The anchoring thus created is the only anchorage for the bristle carrier, no metal anchor or metal wire is necessary.

It should be emphasized in general, this does not only refer to the illustrated embodiments that the bristle carrier 10 should not be brought close to its melting temperature, but from this clearly removed close to the glass transition temperature. In particular, the heating temperature and thus the temperature at the magazine should 20 in the area of the front side 22 and the bristle carrier 10 not more than 15% above the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material and / or the bristle material.

When using PET, according to a preferred variant of the invention, the front side 42 heated during forming to a temperature of 75-95 ° C, in particular 80-90 ° C, with PP to a temperature of 105-125 ° C, in particular 110-120 ° C. In particular, the PP is selected to have a melt flow index (MFI) of 6-35, preferably 10-15 in the initial state.

An embodiment of the invention provides that the end face 22 and thus the bristle carrier 10 be heated to a temperature of at most 140 ° C, in particular at most 130 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 115 ° C are heated. As materials in particular polypropylene, PET, ABS, copolyester and SAN are used for the bristle carrier here.

The backside 206 of the bristle carrier 10 and the one from the back 206 outgoing area to at least the ground 208 the anchoring openings 12 (preferably even further towards the front 42 ) should not be deformed. Around the temperature limit, from which a deformation would take place due to the applied pressure, as close as possible to the front 42 of the bristle carrier 10 To move, the bracket can 34 be provided with an active cooling.

In the 3 and 14 is this cooling through cooling channels 210 symbolizes, flows through the coolant. The cooling channels 210 are connected to a cooling water circuit, the cold water preferably from below 20 °, especially even below 10 ° C, through the holder 34 inflated. The rear side 206 thus becomes a maximum of 25 ° C during the application of the compressive force. Also the the front 42 and the back 206 connecting side surface 212 (see 14 ) of the bristle carrier 10 can in the holder 34 be sufficiently cooled so as not to be deformed and below the corresponding temperature, from which a deformation and deformation would take place.

After the given exposure time become holder 34 and magazine 20 moved apart again, so the bristle tufts 24 are pulled out of their receiving openings 26. A post-processing in the form of a different shape for the bristle carrier 10 not necessary.

The moving apart is preferably not in one piece, but it is built a rest phase in the process of moving apart. For this tool part, that is magazine 20 , and bracket 34 minimally spaced apart so as to be between the front 42 and the top of the tool part, that is the magazine 20 , a small ventilation gap 228 (see 5A ) of greater than equal 0.5 mm. If this predetermined ventilation gap 228 is reached in its height, the distance for the resting phase, which is at least 1 second, in particular at least 1.5 seconds, preferably remains constant.

Optionally, in this quiescent phase, cooling air to the front of the bristle carrier 10 via the ventilation gap 228 be blown in to cool the front.

During this resting phase, however, the bristles remain in the receiving opening 26 , like this 5A shows. In the resting phase, the deformed area of the anchoring opening stabilizes, so that the bristles of a tuft parallel to each other and evenly directed.

After the resting phase, the device is moved apart so that the finished bristle carrier can be removed.

In order to accurately control the corresponding movements and temperatures, the device has a control 51 which controls not only the heating temperature but also the applied pressure and movement. Also the heating 30 can have the same control 51 be controlled.

If the bristle carrier material is a material such as certain types of polypropylene in which the glass transition temperature is not above the ambient temperature, heating of the bristle carrier may be dispensed with, but this need not necessarily be the case. Here, too, a minimum heating may be advantageous just above the glass transition temperature, but again well below the melting temperature. If there is no need to heat such bristle carrier materials, the anchoring openings 12 are closed exclusively by applying the aforementioned pressure over the aforementioned exposure time. It is possible to use magazines 20 without heating or the same magazines with heating, the heater is simply not activated.

Regardless of the bristle carrier material applies: During the feed movement from the magazine 20 relative to the holder 34 and thus to the bristle carrier 10 (The relative movement of the parts means, one or both of these parts can be moved in the direction of the other part) may be a pressure and time-controlled feed movement and / or a pressure and path-controlled feed movement advantageous.

In particular, it is advantageous if in a first phase of the delivery movement of the edge 50 or the entire front 42 is heated to a temperature which is above a threshold temperature. This limit temperature is 60%, in particular 80% below the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material, determined in ° C when the bristle carrier material has a glass transition temperature of about 300 ° K. However, the limit temperature is preferably at a glass transition temperature, at most up to 20% above the glass transition temperature in ° C. In a subsequent second phase of the feed movement then the edge 50 deformed and the edge 50 pressed against the bristles.

Alternatively, the feed movement takes place at a constant, low speed when the bristle carrier is contacted front and back and thus axially compressed, and the magazine 20 and the holder 34 are driven on block on each other.

Also in the in the 5 illustrated embodiment presses in the closed state, the material in the region of the edge 50 against the bristles, so no gap between bristles and edge 50 is available.

The equipment of the magazine 20 can either, as in 1a take place directly over a bristle singular, or over another variant, which in 6 is shown. Here is a cassette first 60 filled with numerous receiving openings with bristle tufts. About this cassette, the isolated bristle tufts can then be stored, until finally, for example, via movable pins 62 in the magazine 20 be pressed directly.

Alternatively, between the cassette 60 and the magazine 20 also a baffle 64 be present, the inclined transport openings 66 for bristle tufts moving through them 24 has. It is also possible over converging transport openings 66 , as in 6 shown on the left, several bristle tufts 24 to unite to a larger bristle tufts, for example, if the brush should contain different thickness bristle tufts. Furthermore, of course, the magazine oblique receiving openings 26 because there are brushes where the bristle tufts are not perpendicular to the front 42 and thus cylindrical, but are arranged obliquely to her. Again, however, is the anchorage as shown in the figures. Alternatively, of course, the anchoring openings 12 for such obliquely tufts of bristles 24 be made slightly oblique or conical or conical only in the area of them on the inclined side of the bristle tufts 24, as in 7 is shown. This means that the receiving opening 26 may have differently inclined edge portions.

In the embodiment according to 7 is an oblique, in particular parallel to the oblique receiving openings 26 extending edge portion 80 the anchoring opening 12 is provided and an edge portion 81 lying opposite to it. In the embodiment shown, the edge portion extends 81 perpendicular to the front of the bristle carrier 10 , Alternatively, however, the edge portion 81 also also obliquely, possibly in a different slope than the edge portion 80 run as shown with broken lines.

In 8th An anchoring opening is shown having an oblique to its opposite the tool part front 42 extending edge portion 80 has in its interior. The bristle carrier has before the application of the bristle carrier by the tool part at the front edge 50 in the region of the inclined edge portion 80 and opposite of this at the edge section 81 one opposite the front 42 in the direction of the tool part projecting, closed circumferential extension 82 and otherwise a flat front 42 , The extension 82 serves to provide material which, during forming, the mouth of the anchoring opening 12 closes and the bristle tufts 24 in the anchoring opening 12 obliquely aligned holds. Also in this embodiment, of course, the edge portion 81 not only at right angles to the front of the bristle carrier 10 but at an angle, as also shown with broken lines.

In the embodiments described above, and also in the subsequent embodiments, at least some or all anchoring openings 12 are formed by an extension 82 completely surrounded. The extension 82 is directly on the edge 50 shaped, on the front 42 the transition to the inside (also called internal edge) forms. For the sake of clarity, the extension is in the previous figures 82 not shown. Details on the extension 82 are then still using the 16-24 explained. These options and details given later are also expressly applicable or present to the embodiments already described and described below.

In 16 you can see that the anchoring openings 12 of which only a few are provided with reference numerals for the sake of clarity, on the flat front side 12 a border 50 which, by a closed circumferential extension 82 is formed. This extension 82 is during injection molding of the bristle carrier 10 already created.

Although at the in 16 illustrated embodiment, all anchoring openings 12 own, closed circumferential extension 82 Optionally, only a few of the anchoring openings may be provided 12 with such an extension 82 be provided.

In addition, especially where anchoring openings 12 very close to each other, the extensions 82 merge. This results in common sections 182 the adjacent extensions 82 between adjacent anchoring openings 12 ,

Optionally, this is not to be understood as limiting 16 except for the common sections 182 all extensions 82 no cross-sectional changes along the circumference. That means that when cutting perpendicular to the front 42 the extension 82 always the same cross-sectional area, no matter where the cut is made.

The cross-sectional areas but can from extension 82 to extension 82 be different or identical. This is mainly due to the volume, which is due to the material of the extension 82 should be made available to anchorage opening 12 in the area of the edge 50 close. This will be described below with reference to the following figures, in particular the 18-22 , explained in more detail.

The target, which through the extensions 82 is to be achieved, is to provide as much material available, which is for the closure of the anchoring opening 12 in the region of the edge 50 necessary is.

In FIG. 18, an example is shown. The bristle tufts 24 (here perpendicular to the front 42 ) inserted into their associated anchoring openings 12. The volume of a circumferential extension 82 is calculated from a fictitious plane from which rests on the front 42. To the extensions 82 in the 18 and 20 To better identify, they are hatched differently than the rest of the bristle carrier 10 , which is technically incorrect, but for a simplified representation of the difference between the extensions 82 and the rest of the bristle carrier 10 is used.

The volume of a circumferential extension 82 is in the range of 60% - 110% of the theoretical volume V, which results from the product of the depth T and an annular surface R. The depth T is from the front 42 or the just mentioned fictitious level and the beginning 277 of the thickened attachment end 32. The annular surface R results between the inside 40 of the associated anchoring opening 12 and the outside of either the singular bristle (see 12 ) or the so-called envelope of the bristle tufts 24 ,

In 23 is the envelope 279 of bristle tufts 24 shown with broken lines. The individual small circles symbolize the individual bristles. 23 is a section through the bristle carrier 10 in a sectional plane parallel to the front 42 , 23 also shows the ring surface R.

When deforming the bristle carrier, both the front side 42 as well as the respective extension 82 heated, as previously explained. The material, which according to the 5A is pressed inwardly to the anchoring opening 12 in the region of the transition of the inside 40 to close the front 12, is partially from the extension 82 made available. Of course, part of the material of the appendix will or can 82 also against underlying material below the level of the front, which is on the inside 40 adjacent, are pushed inwards, so that this material is also pushed inwards, and contributes to closing the anchoring opening 12.

In 19 For example, the material pushed inward is shown in more hatching to indicate the volume formed by displaced material.

The thickness D of the bristle carrier 10 is slightly reduced by the deformation. In that the volume of the extension 82 tuned to the volume of the column, on the one hand not too much material provided and on the other hand not too little material, so that the anchoring opening 12 is sufficiently closed. With too much material, it could happen that the material between the magazine 20 and the bristle tufts 24 is pushed out (see the small gap in 4 between the opening in the magazine 20 and the bristle tufts 24 ), so that a collar-like ridge could emerge, which protrudes outwardly from the front 42 after forming and the bristle tufts 24 surrounds.

In 18 is also to see that the extension 82 the left anchoring opening 12 integrally merges into the extension of the central anchoring opening 12. That is, in this common portion 182 becomes a part of the total volume of this common portion 182 of the left anchorage opening 12 and another part of the middle anchoring opening 12 arithmetically slammed when it comes to determining the volume of the appendage 82 for each anchoring opening 12 goes. Usually, this is the common section 182 theoretically shared.

Overall, for all over the common sections 182 connected extensions 82 that their total volume 60 -110% of the total volume of the associated volumes around the bristle tufts in the anchoring opening above the thickened attachment ends.

In 17 is an elongated anchoring opening 12 shown with opposite elongated side sections 281 and opposite shorter side sections 283 that alternate and complement each other. The closed circumferential extension 82 has different cross-sectional areas, which are formed by the extension 82 for example, on its circumference has different heights perpendicular to the plane of the front 42 be measured.

Along the longer side sections 281 For example, if the cross-sectional area of the extension 82 is larger and / or wider than along the shorter side portions 283, then the height / width along the side portions 281 will be greater than along the side portions 283 ,

In 17 is only the height of the extension 82 greater. In this case, for example, a kind of waveform of the extension 82 result. When fusing the individual bristles of a bristle tufts 24 created the thickened attachment end 32 with one in the direction of the bristles seen (see 17 ) protruding bead 285 , which projects further outward in the region of the longer side sections 281 than in the region of the shorter side sections 283. Due to the additionally available material, which is due to the larger cross section of the extension 82 in the area of the longer side sections 281 is available, the space between the inside 40 to the bristles of the bristle tufts 24 be bridged and closed.

In the embodiment of the 20 - 22 the bristle or bristle tufts 24 becomes oblique to the front 42 into the anchoring opening 12 plugged in (see 20 ) and also obliquely anchored in it (see 21 ). Due to the inclination is the annular space around the bristle tufts 24 in the anchoring opening 12 above the thickened attachment end 32 uneven in cross section. As in 20 can be seen, this annular space is in the area of the section of the inside 40 which the bristle tufts 24 closer and diagonally facing, smaller than the opposite room. The extension 82 is adapted to this uneven space. The extension 82 has on the bristle or bristle tufts near side (in 20 to the right of the bristle tufts 24 ) has a smaller cross-sectional area than on the opposite side (in 20 to the left of the bristle tufts 24 ).

The cross-sectional area can be achieved by changing the height and / or changing the width of the extension 82 will be realized. In the embodiment of the 20 - 22 is, this is in 22 to recognize the height of the appendage 82 over the entire annular area the same, but the width changes.

The annular surface R is determined here in the region of the axial center of the depth T in order to take into account the trapezoidal shape of the annular space.

The bristle carrier 10 in the 9 and 10 is in an associated with the device according to the invention injection station in an injection mold with injection mold halves 100 and 102 produced. This spraying station is connected upstream of the previously described station for stuffing the bristle carrier 10 in time and / or space, as already described above. The spray station forms a bristle carrier spray device. The injection mold halves 100 and 102 form a cavity between them 104 , in which liquid plastic is injected to the bristle carrier 10 manufacture. While in previously used spray stations the injection mold half 100 was provided with pin-shaped, active sliders that through the injection mold half 100 into the cavity 104 protrude and were pulled out before opening the injection mold, this variant provides a much simpler solution. Here are namely to the injection mold half 100 one or more integrally molded pins 106 immovably attached to any cross-section, in the cavity 104 protrude freely. These pens 106 then create the anchoring openings 12 , The depth of the anchoring openings 12 is significantly lower than previously manufactured bristle carriers, which were stuffed with the anchor technology. In the case of a one-piece injection mold half in which a part defines the entire inside of the cavity, the mold half is referred to as a mold half mold.

Alternatively, the bottom of the injection mold half 100 a movable insert 107 (see 10 ) on which the pins 106 sit where they are, for example, integrally attached. The use 107 preferably has all the pins 106 on that used to create anchoring openings 12 necessary. After spraying, the insert is used for easier removal 107 pulled down into a recess in the injection mold half, leaving the pins 106 from the sprayed anchoring openings 12 be pulled out, whereby the subsequent ejection or removal of the bristle carrier 10 is simplified.

The injection mold half 100 in this case comprises a first injection mold half part 101, which up to the area of the insert, the entire lower mold half 100 Are defined. Furthermore, the injection mold half comprises 100 used in one 107 complementary opening in the first part 101 recorded use 107 which forms a second injection mold half. The use 107 is towards the tufts carrier and away from the tuft carrier relative to the first part 101 the injection mold half 100 movably mounted. Between the first part 101 and the mission 107 is preferably no gap provided, in which the liquid plastic can penetrate. In 10 is on the right pen 106 to see that this for the production of oblique openings 12 as in the 7 and 8th shown can be used as the pen 106 at least one oblique to the adjustment of the insert 107 (see double arrow in 10 ) has extending edge portion.

The use 107 preferably defines the entire area of the front of the brush head. Because of the engagement 107 can be easily produced brushes, the same bristle carrier 10 but have a different hole pattern and pattern of bristle tufts.

24 shows an embodiment of the injection mold half 100 according to the invention or, alternatively, the insert 107 , So a Spritzgußformhälftenteils.

The pencil 106 stands opposite the flat floor surface 109 before, which is to form the front 42 responsible for. To the pen 106 around is at the foot of the pen 106 in the floor area 109 a closed circumferential groove 111 provided for the generation of the extension 82 necessary is. In the embodiment shown, which is not intended to be limiting, the cross section of the groove 111 along the circumference of different width sections, for example, around the extension 82 according to 22 to create.

Other, more closely spaced pens 106 can each have a groove 111 have, with adjacent notes 111 merge into each other to the common sections of adjacent extensions 82 to create.

The groove 111 may have the same depth along the circumference as in 24 is shown, or sections with different depths, for example, to produce an extension with sections of different heights, as shown by 17 was explained.

9 shows different variants, like the bristle carrier 10 can be executed. It can not only circular or oval anchoring openings 12 be provided, but any shapes are designed. For example, elongate openings can be realized, X-shaped, C-shaped or any other designed anchoring openings. These large anchoring openings are equipped with bristle tufts, which are composed of several, isolated bristle tufts, which are connected by melting their ends to form a large bristle tufts. Such large bristle tufts provide a corresponding wall-shaped bristle structure.

It should be emphasized that the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used not only with a plurality of bristle tufts but also only with a bristle tuft, for example for producing a brush, and for fastening only one or only individual bristles in a bristle carrier.

The anchoring openings 12 So, in general, they do not necessarily have to serve only for receiving and fixing bristle tufts; on the contrary, prefabricated singular bristles of any shape, made of any desired elastomeric plastics, can be picked up and fixed exactly as described above in connection with bristle tufts. These bristles may have a plate-like shape and may, for example, be introduced into the elongated anchoring openings 12 and therein by reshaping the edge of the anchoring openings 12 embed. Into the C-shaped anchoring opening 12 For example, a cross-sectionally C-shaped, pre-sprayed cleaning element is used as a singular bristle. In addition, of course, also bristle tufts can be 24 consisting of numerous bristles 24 ' Insert in the bristle carrier 10. The singular bristles 24 ' can also be in the middle of a field of bristle tufts 24 be positioned or vice versa single or multiple bristle tufts 24 surround.

It should be emphasized that the aforementioned features explained with reference to the bristle tufts can also be used for singular, large bristles. Just as an example, be one at an angle to the bristle carrier 10 extending, plate-shaped bristles, which in the inclined anchoring opening 12 in the 7 and 8th used and anchored in it. However, the singular bristle can also be an anchorage end 32 have, from which the elongated rest protrudes angled, so that they in a cylindrical anchoring opening 12 according to 4 can be inserted, the bristle outside the anchoring opening 12 but slanting.

The singular, separately made bristle 24 ' or bristles 24 ' becomes or preferably simultaneously with the bristle tufts 24 by reshaping the corresponding edges of the anchoring openings 12 in the bristle carrier 10 fixed. Alternatively, it is possible to perform several separate, successive forming operations for the different bristles or bristle tufts. If appropriate, different pressures and / or temperatures can also be applied by the heated tool part (s) because the bristles or bristle tufts are made of different materials.

In addition or as an alternative to the above variants, elastomeric cleaning elements 108 may be provided, for example, at the edge of the bristle carrier 10 be sprayed. These cleaning elements 108 are not prefabricated, but they are also front of the bristle carrier 10 before and serve for the massage of the gums.

The bristle carrier 10 For this purpose, for example, at the edge holes or only edge-side recesses possess, in which the cleaning elements 108 be injected. Furthermore, as with brushes more common, the back of the bristle carrier can be 10 with a softer plastic overmold.

In the latter case, it is advisable that the cleaning elements 108 in one piece in the back layer of softer plastic. Like the top half in 9 shown, which shows a variant to the lower half, this back layer of softer plastic can also be a kind of frame around the harder plastic of the bristle carrier 10 form, for example, to act as a damper.

Another variant is that the bristle carrier 10 , here the head of the toothbrush, over a hinge 110 made of softer plastic is coupled to the neck of the brush body.

In general, for all variants that the bristle carrier can be a small plate as a part of the subsequent brush body or the entire brush body. For example, the bristle carrier may also be a multi-component injection molded part, which then already forms the finished brush body when the bristles are finally embedded. Conversely, however, it is also possible to embed the bristles in a part of the brush body, which then forms the bristle carrier, and then subsequently to overmold this bristle carrier which has been bristled.

Consequently, the injection station can also be designed as a multi-component injection station, or several injection stations can be provided, between which then lies the station in which the bristles are anchored.

The cleaning elements 108 and / or the singular prefabricated bristles of elastomeric material, which are arbitrary in their cross-sectional shape, preferably extend at least as far as the bristle tufts towards the front, but may also extend beyond them or be shorter than the bristle tufts.

In 11 It is shown that not only, as already explained, bristle tufts 24 with their thickening 32 used at the attachment end in the anchoring opening 12 and anchored therein by forming the edge, but that singular, prefabricated bristles 24 ' (Any shape seen in both side view and in cross-section) can be anchored anchorless in the bristle carrier by the above method and the aforementioned device. The bristles 24 ' are sprayed from an elastomeric material, in particular TPE.

The bristles 24 ' have in their from the bristle carrier 10 outstanding portion of a largest wall thickness d (measured in cross section), which is greater than 0.6 mm, in particular greater than 0.9 mm.

Furthermore, the prefabricated bristles can or should 24 ' a thickened attachment end 32 ', whose height is less than the depth of the associated anchoring openings 12 so that the inwardly formed edge of the attachment ends 32 ' engages in order to achieve a positive retention. The attachment ends 32 ' For example, are flat cylinders, the shape of the shape of the anchoring opening 12 is adjusted. The outer dimensions of the respective attachment end 32 ' however, are so on the cross section of the anchoring opening 12 agreed that when inserting a lateral gap between the attachment end 32 ' and the wall of the anchoring opening 12 is present before the forming takes place.

The attachment end 32 ' may be of a different material, especially a harder material than the rest of the bristle 24 ' be. An example would be an attachment end 32 ' made of polypropylene. Also, only one core of the bristle 24 'may be made of a harder material which is then overmolded with a softer material. Thus, a disc made of harder material would be conceivable, the whole or a core of the attachment end 32 ' forms.

Likewise, according to 12 left the disk forming the core 112 an integrally formed thereon extension 114 which protrudes into the part of the bristle 24 ', that outside the bristle carrier 10 will lie.

In the 12 right variant of a bristle 24 ' is with a mounting end 32 'of a hard plastic and a molded-on section 118 made of a softer plastic.

In the 12 shown singular bristles 24 ' are pointed, which is not restrictive to understand.

For example, in the case of a toothbrush, elastomeric areas on the back side of the bristle carrier are wider than the rest of the bristle carrier 10 is sprayed on, which serve as a tongue cleaner, as in 15 is shown. The elastomer 232 may have nubs or ribs. The recess 38 in the holder 34 is in the area of the outer surface of the elastomer 232 complementary to the shape of the elastomer 232 formed in the uncompressed state. However, the volume is that of the elastomer 232 for the compressed state (closed state of the device, see 15 ) is less than in the unloaded state. That means the elastomer 232 Approved height is reduced to compression below the desired pressure. Optionally, even the entire backpressure of the elastomer can be deformed 232 from the holder 34 in the bristle carrier 10 be initiated.

If an elastomeric element 300 injected on the front together with the elastomer 232 and by a continuous opening with the elastomer 232 connected or an elastomer 32 ' as in 12 shown, it may be advantageous to apply less pressure only in this area. In this case, the optional holder 34 Slightly isolated in sections, as with a broken line 302 in 15 indicated so that not the full pressure is applied when moving the tool. Too high a pressure on the front edge around the anchoring opening of an elastomeric cleaning element can deform this namely. In 13 is a complete device with different stations shown. It should be emphasized that the device according to the invention does not have to have all the stations which are explained below.

In particular, all variants and details that have been explained with reference to the preceding figures, in particular with reference to 1 , even in this embodiment, individually or in combination feasible, whether this be, for example, the cooling, ventilation, etc., as well as the aforementioned temperatures, temperature ranges or times and the materials used.

In station A, bristles or bristle tufts are separated and transported on. The left picture shows a so-called fiber box 120 from which finished bristles, which may be mechanically or chemically sharpened, by a tuft singler 122 be taken in tufts.

These bristle tufts 24 are transported via a transport device to a station B, in which the bristle tufts 24 then possibly already transferred to the final tuft geometry and in the hole pattern of the later brush.

For example, the bristle tufts 24 in a first intermediate magazine 124 , in particular in the form of a plate inserted. About the intermediate magazine 124, the bristle tufts 24 by means of a plunger 126 then maybe in another plate 128 pushed, in which optionally forming or deflection openings 130 or openings 132 for merging several bristle tufts 24 to a common larger bristle tufts or for obliquely aligning bristle tufts 24 available.

The bristle tufts 24 then continue into the magazine 20 pushed. In the magazine 20 is then preferably the hole geometry of the later brush realized, but this does not necessarily have to be the case, as will be explained later.

However, if necessary, namely the plate 128 and / or the intermediate magazine 124 also omitted, so that the bristle tufts 24 be transported directly into the magazine 20. All this depends on the desired final tuft layer or tuft geometry and the hole pattern of the finished brush.

The transport of bristle tufts 24 after singling can mechanically via slide or the in 2 plunger shown 126 in the first intermediate magazine 124 and / or the magazine 20 take place in station B. In Station A, as a further alternative in the second picture from the left, it is shown that the isolated bristle tufts via tubes or hoses 134 , in which an overpressure or a negative pressure is applied, in the intermediate magazine 124 or the magazine 20 be encouraged.

No matter which transport means is used for the bristle tufts, which can be fed one after the other, in groups one after the other or all at the same time and / or in the magazine 20 be inserted.

A third alternative in station A shows a wound strand 136 from parallel filaments. The strand 136 is on a roll 138 wound up and is handled by her steadily. The end of the strand 136 is in openings in an intermediate magazine 124 or the magazine 20 inserted and then cut off. After cutting off the ends of the strand cut to length bristle tufts 24 , For example, by a movable XY table on the one hand, the coil or recorded in a movable guide end of the strand relative to the magazine 20 or intermediate magazine 124 or on the other hand, the magazine 20 / intermediate magazine 124 is displaced relative to the end of the strand, so that all openings in the magazine 20 or intermediate magazine 124 be filled one after the other. Furthermore, several coils and strands can be moved relative to the magazine 20 / intermediate magazine 124. Subsequently, the completely filled magazine 20 or intermediate magazine 124 moved out of this station and transported to station B or directly to station C. In station B push the plunger 126 the bristle tufts 24 in the magazine 20 ,

To save yourself the XY table, you can also use several roles 138 at the same time strands in the individual openings in the magazine 20 or the intermediate magazine 124 transported and then cut off.

Station C is a so-called profiling station. Here, the bristle tufts 24 are axially displaced so that the later ends of the tufts with which they are brushed lie in one plane or, more generally, end in a predetermined, arbitrary surface.

In the illustrated embodiment, a waveform is predetermined, which is why a stop plate 140 with a complementary waveform from the magazine 20 is spaced. The bristle tufts 24 are then by a pressure plate 142, which preferably one to the surface of the stop plate 140 has complementary shape, pressed down until all tufts ends on the stop plate 140 issue.

However, the station C may also be omitted if the desired profile already in station B by suitable different length or equal length plunger 126 can be achieved. The two variants can also be mixed together by station B in a so-called pre-profiling by differently long plunger 126 and then a fine profiling in station C through the stop plate 140 he follows.

Station D is a cutting station where the trailing ends of the bristle tufts are cut off to achieve optimal melting of the tufts in the subsequent station. The possibly different far back compared to the magazine 20 protruding bristle tufts 24 are mechanically by means of a knife 144 or thermally with a hot wire 146 relatively close to the magazine 20 cut off. Optionally, when using a mechanical knife 144, the magazine 20 also act as a counter knife. In this case, the bristle tufts 24 after cutting something back from the magazine 20 pushed out so that they survive something against them.

If necessary, station D can be omitted if the tufts already after station B or C evenly far back against the magazine 20 protrude. This is especially the case when the front tufts ends are to end in a plane.

The protruding portion of the bristle tufts 24 is then melted in the station E, so that all the filaments of a tuft are connected to each other, via the resulting mushroom-shaped, thickened tufts. The thickness of the tufts is controlled by the amount of filament material facing the rear of the magazine 20 protrude. This also allows the geometry of the tuft end set.

Melting can be done by a heated stamp 148 take place, which can touch the tuft ends or stay away from them, so that by radiant heat (in particular via infrared light) melt the filaments. Alternatively, a fusion can also be achieved with hot air. It is important that only a single, associated thickening is generated for the bristle tufts formed, because only those filaments are to be connected to each other by the fusion, which should also be fixed later in the same anchoring opening. Optionally, here can be a cooling of the thickening 32 take place as explained above.

In the subsequent station F, the bristle tufts with their thickened attachment ends advance into the anchoring openings 12 the bristle carrier 10 is pushed and therein as before explained in detail, pressed. This insertion can occur simultaneously, sequentially or in groups sequentially.

Another alternative is that a baffle plate is provided with corresponding channels into which the bristle tufts 24 with their thickened attachment ends are pushed in advance, and then pushed further into the anchoring openings of the bristle carrier. This variant is useful if in the magazine not quite the later hole pattern of the brush or the orientation of the bristle tufts 24 is realized.

The aforementioned separately manufactured, singular bristles 24 ' can be fed in any station, either the magazine 20 or first the bristle carrier 10 ,

The pressure force is, for example, via at least one drive, such as an electric motor 240 (see 1f ) preferably on the holder 34 applied, optionally with the interposition of a transmission such as a spindle nut 242. This of course applies to all embodiments.

The electric motor is in particular a servomotor.

In general, with a drive also several bristle carrier 10 be deformed simultaneously to the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts 24 to be kept in the anchoring opening. For this purpose, the holder 34 has a plurality of recesses 38 complementary to the bristle carrier.

In order to increase the output of finished brushes, in particular a plurality of drives are provided next to one another, which in turn drive a plurality of holders 34, which in turn drive a plurality of bristle carriers 10 take up.

The control 51 is programmed accordingly that the aforementioned method is performed in the device.

With the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, bristle tufts can be anchored in the bristle carrier, which are extremely long and thin. The invention provides bristle carrier with bristle tufts of a length over 8 mm and a width of less than 2 mm, in particular less than 1 mm.

The corresponding edges of the anchoring openings need not necessarily be formed by the same distance inwards at these large edge lengths. It has been found that it is sufficient to provide some further inwardly in the direction of anchoring opening deformed, overhanging edge portions which alternate with less far inwardly deformed edge portions.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• CH 672579 A5 [0005]
• DE 19853030 A1 [0007]
• US 5224763 [0008]
• EP 0355412 A1 [0009]
• EP 0472557 B1 [0010]
• DE 3422623 A1 [0011]

Claims (31)

A method of manufacturing a brush comprising a bristle carrier made of thermoplastic material having a front side and a rear side and at least one anchoring opening, into which at least one bristle made of thermoplastic material is inserted and anchored therein in an anchorless manner, so that it protrudes from the front side of the bristle carrier the at least one anchoring opening on the front side has an end edge surrounding the anchoring opening, characterized by the following steps: a) a bristle carrier is provided which has at least one extension facing away from the front side in the region of the front edge for creating an accumulation of material at least one extension is produced during the injection molding of the bristle carrier and is assigned to at least one anchoring opening, b) the at least one bristle is received in a receiving opening of a tool part, c) the at least one bristle is carried along its thickened attachment end, while still sitting in the receiving opening, pushed into the bristle carrier formed in the manufacture of the bristle carrier d) the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier is reduced, so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier, e) the front of the bristle carrier is on brought a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material, f) the tool part exerts a compressive force on the bristle carrier and deformed the bristle carrier at least in the region surrounding the anchoring opening frontal edge together with the at least one extension while reducing the cross section of the anchoring opening such that the at least one bristle is embedded and anchored in the anchoring opening and dabe i a material of the bristle carrier in the region of the edge on the at least one extension moves laterally into the anchoring opening during deformation and presses against the at least one bristle; g) the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier is increased so that the at least one bristle is pulled out of the receiving opening , h) the anchoring opening after step f) having a depth measured from the front to the beginning of the thickened attachment end and the at least one extension associated with the anchoring opening having a volume before deformation in step f) which is in the range of 60% to 110% of the theoretical volume resulting from the product of the depth and an annular surface between the inside of the anchoring opening before deformation in step f) and the outside of the singular bristle or the envelope of the bristle tufts. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the extension, which is associated with an anchoring opening, is formed as a ring-shaped closed around the anchoring opening circumferential extension. Method according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the annularly closed circumferential projection has different cross-sectional areas over its longitudinal extent. Method according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the anchoring opening facing the front of an elongated anchoring opening with longer and shorter side sections that complement each other, and the annularly closed circumferential extension in the region of the longer side portions has a larger cross-sectional area than in the region of the shorter side portions. Method according to Claim 4 characterized in that a bristle tuft elongated in cross-section is slid into the elongated anchoring aperture, the bristles of the tuft fused together to form the thickened attachment end, and wherein the bead of the attachment end projecting laterally relative to the bristles becomes wider in the region of longitudinal sides of the elongate tuft of bristles is as in the range of shorter sides. Method according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the inside of the elongated anchoring opening before deformation has a different distance from the laterally protruding bead of the attachment end and that when deformed in step f) material is pressed up to the outer bristles. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one extension is associated with two adjacent anchoring openings and material of this extension in the step f) is pressed into both anchoring openings, wherein the two adjoining anchoring openings individually or jointly associated extensions prior to deformation in step f) have a volume associated with the anchoring openings, which is in the range of 60% to 110% of the theoretical volume, resulting from the product of the depth and the annular surfaces between the inner sides of the anchoring openings before deformation in step f) and the outer side of the singular bristles or the envelope of the bristle tufts. Method according to Claim 7 , Characterized in that the two adjacent anchorage holes are each surrounded by an annularly closed circumferential extension, and the extensions between the anchoring openings merge into one another. Method according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the portion of the extensions, in which the projections merge into one another, is larger in cross section than the remaining portions of the extensions. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristle or bristle tufts is inserted obliquely to the front in the anchoring opening and the extension on the bristle or bristle tufts near side has a smaller cross-sectional area than on the opposite side. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step f) is varied at least one bristle in its angular orientation to the front side by the laterally migrating into the anchor hole in the material area of the edge, is in particular pressed perpendicularly to the front side. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one bristle is inserted in step b) perpendicular to the preferably flat front in the anchoring opening and in step e) is pressed obliquely or at right angles to the front by the material laterally in the anchoring material. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring opening is defined in the interior of the bristle carrier by a circumferential inner side of a wall, wherein the at least one extension is associated with a portion of the inside, before the application of the bristle carrier by the tool part perpendicular or in the Essentially perpendicular to the front. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one extension viewed in the direction perpendicular to the front side is an elongated elevation running along the front edge, preferably with a continuous rectangular cross-sectional profile. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front side of the bristle carrier is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or of the bristle carrier material, and that the tool part exerts a compressive force on the heated bristle carrier and deforms the bristle carrier according to feature e). Method according to Claim 15 , characterized in that the back of the bristle carrier, while the pressing force is exerted on the bristle carrier, is actively cooled. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristle carrier is heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle by the heatable tool part. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool part is heated by an integrated electrical resistance heater or by a heated part, which outside of the bristle carrier contacting contact surface temporarily contacts the tool part and heats up by heat transfer. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by thermal deformation of the bristle material, the at least one bristle or an entire bristle tufts has a thickened attachment end, wherein when using a bristle tufts, the bristles of the bristle tufts are combined by thermal forming, and wherein the forming outside an anchoring station in which at least steps c) to f) are performed is performed. Method according to Claim 19 Characterized in that the thermally deformed bristles or bristle tufts are used in state have cooled down in the anchoring station in the bristle carrier. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall which defines the anchoring opening in the bristle carrier, starting from the front side is deformed only to above the thickened end. Method according to one of the preceding claims characterized by the following steps: the tool part is heated so that the bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C. the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or the bristle carrier material is, and the tool part is moved relative to the bristle carrier, so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier and heats it. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 21 characterized by the steps of: a bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought to a predetermined temperature which is in a range of between ambient temperature and 210 ° C, preferably 150 ° C, and the tool part is moved relative to the bristle carrier, so that the Tool part contacts the bristle carrier and heats it, but without melting the bristle carrier and the at least one bristle. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool part brings the bristle carrier in the region of the contact surface with the tool part during the feed movement of the tool part to the bristle carrier and / or upon contacting the bristle carrier to a temperature below the melting temperature of the bristle carrier material and, preferably is greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature of the material of the bristle carrier, in particular for a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature of greater than or equal to 300 ° K, a maximum of 15% above the glass transition temperature in ° K and a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K, a maximum of 50% the glass transition temperature is in ° K. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool part at least during the entire time in which it exerts pressure on the bristle carrier, the bristle carrier heats the front side. Apparatus for producing a brush having at least one bristle or at least one bristle tuft, which has a bristle carrier with at least one anchoring opening for the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tuft, for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has several Stations, including a spray station for producing the bristle carrier and a later station for attaching the at least one bristle in the bristle carrier, wherein in the injection station a Spritzgußformhälftenteil is present with at least one protruding into a Spritzkavität pin forming a portion of the Spritzgußformhälftenteils and as a blind hole formed formed anchoring opening, wherein the pin projects from a bottom surface of the injection mold half and wherein the Spritzgussformhälftenteil a closed around the pin on the circumference circumferential groove in the Bod enfläche has over the circumference has a varying cross-section, the station for attaching the at least one bristle a holder for the bristle carrier and a tool part with at least one receiving opening for the at least one bristle or at least one bristle tufts, the receiving opening on the the bristle carrier facing end face of the tool part opens, and wherein the tool part has a heating at least portions of the end heating, which is designed and regulated so that the end face is heated to a temperature of at most 140 ° C, in particular at most 130 ° C. Device after Claim 26 , characterized in that the device is designed so that the tool part can apply a pressure of at least 200 bar, in particular at least 400 bar on the bristle carrier. Device according to one of Claims 26 or 27 , characterized in that the tool part is a magazine which is equipped in a loading station of the device with the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts, wherein the at least one bristle or at least one bristle tufts after loading with the attachment end of the magazine , wherein a melting station is present after the loading station, in which the fastening end is heated and a Forming thickening, wherein when using a bristle tufts, the bristles of the bristle tufts are combined by thermal forming together. Injection mold half part for the device according to one of Claims 26 to 28 for producing a bristle carrier for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 25 characterized in that the injection mold half has at least one pin projecting into a syringe cavity which projects from a bottom surface of the injection mold half and creates the anchoring opening formed as a blind hole, and a groove circumferentially encircling the pin circumferentially, wherein the groove overlies Has circumferentially a changing cross-section, in particular a different width. Injection mold half after Claim 29 , characterized in that a plurality of protruding to produce anchoring openings pins projecting from the bottom surface and closed by adjacent pins surrounding grooves in sections into each other. Injection mold half after Claim 29 or 30 , Characterized in that a plurality of anchoring openings for generating projecting pins extending from the bottom surface and / or around pins closed circumferential grooves have different depths and / or different width sections.

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