DE102016001277A1 - Feed chute and method for feeding material to a crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the feed chute for feeding material (24) into a crusher, in particular a knife ring chipper, with an inclined chute surface. The invention is characterized in that a cleaning surface (18) for depositing fine material (22) from the material (24) is arranged in the sliding surface (9). In order to clean the material passed over this sliding surface, it is proposed to provide the sliding surface with steps running transversely to the sliding direction. In particular, slots can also be provided behind these steps to separate dirt which is chipped off by feed material which is passed over the steps in a hopping manner.

Description

The invention relates to a feed chute for feeding material into a comminuting machine, in particular a knife ring chipper, according to claim 1 and a method for feeding material into a comminuting machine according to claim 14.

For the production z. B. of chipboard or OSB boards (English oriented strand board) wood must be provided in elongated, slender chips. For the production of such chips in particular Messerringzerspaner be used as z. B. from the DE 197 24 325 C1 or DE 100 58 626 A1 are known. The feed material is fed to the Messerringzerspaner via an inlet funnel, which usually takes place a cleaning of the feed material before the inlet funnel.

From the DE 101 46 512 C1 For example, a plant for cleaning wood-containing material is known. The wood to be cut is first fed in this known device via a feed device. In this a vibrating trough is provided, which is provided with a sieve. The wood, which is partly made of recycled material, can be roughly cleaned of sand, earth or other contaminants before being passed through an air classifier. Here, in particular by an air flow, which causes the sighting and at the same time serves as a promotional force for the further transport of the wood, relatively heavier particles that are left in the discontinued material after the vibrating trough, further discarded. The problem with this known device, for example, that the generation of the air flow is relatively energy-consuming and thus causes high costs.

It has indeed been thought, to dispense with this aspect on a wind sifting. Then the feed material from the vibrating trough ultimately falls on a sliding surface over which it passes into the central region of a rotor of the comminution machine. However, this leads to contamination in particular also on the feed material, for example, adhering sand, soil, etc. with in the crushing machine, which forms a Messerringzerspaner in this case reach. There, the wear of the knife is increased by such impurities.

In addition, depending on the starting material used, it may happen that despite the cleaning steps described above, whether with or without air classification, contaminants, in particular sand, can still adhere to the supplied wood.

The object of the present invention is therefore to specify a feed chute and a method for feeding material into a comminution machine by means of which the cleaning of the material is improved.

This object is achieved in that a cleaning surface for depositing fine material from the material is arranged in the sliding surface of the feed chute to a crushing machine.

The advantage of the invention is that the material supplied is cleaned prior to entry into the crushing machine by the integrated into the sliding surface cleaning surface of fine material such as sand or dirt particles. By cleaning directly in the feed to the crusher, it can be ensured that the material is optimally freed of fine material with or without previous first cleaning steps.

The cleaning surface should in particular separate the fine material from the supplied material. However, this surface can also serve to remove particles which are too small or unusable for comminution, since the comminution of such particles does not lead to the desired results. Thus, when crossing the cleaning surface, the material can be freed not only from the fine material but also from other particles.

In an advantageous embodiment, the cleaning surface has elevations, preferably transversely to the direction of slip, for generating one or more movements, in particular flight movements of the supplied material. The elevations additionally set the material in motion, and this movement causes the fine material to be increasingly knocked off by the material being fed. The movement may, for example, be a flight movement, a jolting or hopping movement of the material over the cleaning surface. Also conceivable would be a more sliding, but provided with pulse surges movement of the material. The elevations may optionally have a uniform or different distance to the cleaning surface.

Preferably, openings are provided for discharging the chopped fine material in the cleaning surface, preferably behind an elevation. Through these openings fine material can be removed directly after the separation of the supplied material and thus no longer remains on the cleaning surface. By the direct discharge of the fine material through the openings is also prevented after the knocking of the fine material with this, further supplied material in Touch comes and there may possibly be there again.

Alternatively or in combination, the openings in the cleaning surface may be smaller than the supplied material. This can ensure that only the fine material is discharged through the openings and no good material, which is to be supplied to the crushing machine.

Preferably, the material supplied contains in particular lignocellulose-containing material, such as woodchips, branches, wood recycling material.

In particular, the elevations are arranged regularly and / or irregularly over the cleaning surface. The arrangement may depend on the supplied material or be variably adjustable.

Preferably, the elevations and / or openings are preferably arranged transversely to the sliding direction several times next to one another and / or extending continuously. The elevations and / or openings may extend over the entire cleaning surface or be arranged in sections several times. It is also possible for a plurality of elevations or openings to be formed in a row both transversely and along the sliding direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the elevations are designed as steps running transversely to the sliding direction, which are punched and bent in one piece from the material of the cleaning surface, wherein an opening in the cleaning surface is simultaneously formed by the upward bending. Thus, an increase as well as an opening in the cleaning surface is simultaneously generated by means of a processing step in the course of the production of the cleaning surface.

In particular, the cleaning surface and / or the sliding surface can be configured in such a way that it can execute these oscillating or vibrating movements. In this way, the movement of the material, in particular the flight movement, can be positively influenced, since the movement of the cleaning or sliding surface of the material, an additional pulse can be transmitted. Furthermore, it can also be prevented that the supplied material remains there.

Preferably, a collecting container and / or a suction is mounted below the cleaning surface. The suction also removes fine material that may stick to the cleaning surface. The extraction should be adapted to the material and the fine material. Excessive suction could cause material to adhere to the cleaning surface.

Alternatively or in combination, at least one rib extending essentially in the direction of slipping can be arranged on the underside of the cleaning surface to reinforce the cleaning surface. This can be particularly advantageous if the elevations and openings are formed directly from the cleaning surface, for example by punching and bending. A rib then improves the stiffness of the cleaning surface and thus allows longer service life.

In an advantageous embodiment, a crusher is specified comprising a feed chute as indicated above. Optionally, the feed chute can be arranged in an inlet funnel with an upstream first purification stage. The upstream first cleaning stage may be a mechanical cleaning, for example by means of vibration tables, as well as an air separation within the inlet funnel.

As a further preferred embodiment, a crusher is specified, further comprising a knife ring chipper.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for feeding material to a crushing machine, wherein the material is fed into the crushing machine via an inclined sliding surface, and the material is cleaned from the fine material via a cleaning surface arranged in the sliding surface.

By means of elevations integrated in the cleaning surface, one or more movements, in particular flight movements, of the material are preferably produced. By generating movements of the material, such as flight movements, shaking or jumping movement, the fine material is cut off from the material, thus improving the quality of the material fed into the crusher.

In particular, the fine material cut off from the material can be removed via openings in the cleaning surface. This should preferably be done before the material is fed into the crusher.

Alternatively or in combination, the cleaning surface and / or the sliding surface can be vibrated or shaken. By this additional movement of the cleaning and / or the sliding surface on the one hand, an additional impulse can be transferred to the material, which can positively influence the knocking off of the fine material, and on the other hand is by this movement also prevents the attachment of fine material and material on the sliding surface and / or the cleaning surface.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with the drawings.

Showing:

1 Section view through a crusher;

2 an enlargement of the inlet funnel of the crushing machine according to 1 ;

3 the sectional view through a cleaning surface;

4a the supervision of a cleaning surface and

4b a sectional view of the cleaning surface 4a ,

In 1 is a crusher shown in a section. The material to be shredded is placed on a vibrating trough 1 abandoned and from this with the help of an unbalance motor 2 conveyed and into the inlet funnel 7 sprinkled. At the discontinued material 24 These are, for example, rough pieces of wood, for example wood chips, or also wood residues, branches or wood recycling material.

Inside the vibrating trough 1 is a sieve 3 provided by the impurities from the material to be processed 24 can be separated. Such contaminants are via an outlet 4 discharged separately.

That from the vibrating trough 1 discharged pre-cleaned material 24 is then via a magnetic wave 5 passed, at the still ferromagnetic impurities from the from the vibrating trough 1 falling material 24 be isolated. That of the magnetic wave 5 Screened ferromagnetic material is also via a separate outlet 6 discharged.

The purified in a first step material 24 falls into an inlet funnel 7 where it is on one or more preferably swiveling baffles 8th is directed to these on a sliding surface 9 to fall or be guided over which the material 24 in the central area 10 a knife ring chipper 13 slips. In the inlet funnel 7 Optionally, a fan can be arranged, via which an air flow into the inlet funnel 7 can be blown. Depending on the specific weight, larger impurities, which are not already in the vibrating trough, can be delivered via the fan 1 over the sieve 3 were removed from the flow of material to be selectively deposited.

In a knife ring chipper 13 becomes a rotor 11 about a motor 12 and a corresponding gear set in rotation. At its periphery, the rotor 11 a plurality of substantially radially aligned rotor blades 14 on top of that in the central area 10 introduced and cleaned material 24 capture and hurl radially outward, using this material 24 at the knives 15 the radially outside sitting knife ring, the rotor 11 surrounds, is passed. To get a better distribution of the material 24 in knife ring chipper 13 can be achieved in the central area 10 a device for evenly distributing the material 24 be arranged, for example, a disc or a distributor rotor. The generated elongated chips are passed through a discharge chute 16 from the Messerringzerspaner 13 removed and fed to further processing.

The knife 15 may be subjected to a reinforced seal when on the material to be shredded 24 despite the first cleaning steps still fine material 22 , such as sand or dirt adheres.

To this fine material 22 from the material 24 to be able to separate is, as in the 2 to recognize, in the sliding surface 9 one with raises 17 provided cleaning surface 18 integrated. The in the funnel 7 falling material 24 is doing through the baffles 8th Guided so that it is before entering the knife ring chipper 13 in the sliding surface 9 integrated cleaning surface 18 crossed. The sliding surface 9 can at least partially from the cleaning surface 18 consist. Optionally, the sliding surface 9 completely through the cleaning surface 18 be formed.

Like in the 3 is shown cause the increases 17 that material sliding over them 24 , for example wood chips, which still contain fine material 22 , For example, sand, a movement 19 , in particular flight movement, perform, at the end they on the top of the cleaning surface 18 impact, leaving the fine material 22 can be knocked off. By several corresponding successive increases 17 This can be for the material 24 be repeated several times, leaving the material 24 at the end of completely or almost completely of all the adhering fine material 22 is free. To support the movements 19 , in particular flight movements of the material 24 can the sliding surface 9 or the cleaning surface 18 yourself be set in motion, so that this surface performs a jarring or swinging motion. On the one hand, this can result in unintentional dislocation of the material 24 on the slide surface 9 or the cleaning surface 18 prevent. In addition, by such a movement of the sliding surface 9 or the cleaning surface 18 an additional impulse on the material 24 be transferred, which can positively influence the cleaning effect. The material 24 will then be at the bottom of the sliding surface 9 for further processing in purified form in the actual Messerringzerspaner 13 fed and processed into chips.

To the separated fine material 22 to dispose of, are in the direction of sliding 25 behind the raises 17 , as in 3 to recognize, each openings 20 intended. These are sized so that the material 24 in his movement 19 can jump over these while on the cleaning surface 18 severed fine material 22 , which, due to its higher specific gravity, can carry out a different movement, in particular not so much flight movement, into the openings 20 falls into it. Below the cleaning surface 18 , in particular below the openings 20 , is a collection container 21 arranged in which the fine material 22 can be caught, as in 2 shown. About a suction of the collection container 21 or a direct suction of the deposited fine material 22 below the cleaning surface 18 this can also be discharged directly.

As in 4a in the supervision of the cleaning surface 18 and in 4b in a section through the cleaning surface of the 4a It can be seen, are the increases 17 in particular through the cleaning surface 18 formed integrally bent out steps or tabs. The openings 20 are together with the steps or tabs during their production from the cleaning surface 18 stamped out. The bending out of the steps as elevations 17 from the cleaning surface 18 has the advantage that at the same time the openings 20 in the cleaning area 18 be formed. Over the width transverse to the sliding direction can be formed as several steps increases 17 or only one continuous step may be arranged. The distance from step to step both longitudinally and transversely to the sliding direction 25 be consistent or different. Also, the angle of attack or the distance formed as steps increases 17 opposite the cleaning surface 18 may be the same or different for adjacent stages.

Through the raised as steps increases 17 has the cleaning surface 18 transverse to the slide direction 25 a stiffening. To a stiffening in the direction of sliding 25 to achieve is the cleaning surface 18 on the back with ribs 23 strengthened. These can be at the back of the cleaning surface 18 For example, be welded or be by lateral folds of the cleaning surface 18 generated. An essential advantage of these with increases 17 and ribs 23 provided cleaning surface 18 lies in the fact that such a cleaning surface 18 can also be retrofitted to existing machines if necessary.

The cleaning surface 18 can also be designed such that as elevations 17 additional elements on the cleaning surface 18 be attached, for example by welding or screws. By drilling or milling can in the cleaning surface 18 also openings 20 be formed. The raises 17 and / or openings 20 can then, in a regular, at least partially regular or irregular pattern on or in the cleaning surface 18 be arranged.

The raises 17 as well as the openings 20 the cleaning surface can optionally be arranged adjustable. This allows the angle of attack or the distance of the elevations 17 opposite the cleaning surface 18 as well as the size of the openings 20 on the supplied material 24 can be adjusted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Vibrationsrinne

2

vibrator

3

scree

4

outlet

5

magnetic wave

6

outlet

7

feed hopper

8th

Flapper

9

sliding surface

10

Central area

11

rotor

12

engine

13

Knife ring

14

rotor blade

15

knife

16

chute

17

increases

18

cleaning surface

19

Move

20

openings

21

Clippings

22

fines

23

ribs

24

material

25

slip direction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19724325 C1 [0002]
• DE 10058626 A1 [0002]
• DE 10146512 C1 [0003]

Claims (17)

Feed chute for feeding material ( 24 ) in a crushing machine, in particular a Messerringzerspaner, with an inclined sliding surface ( 9 ), characterized in that in the sliding surface ( 9 ) a cleaning surface ( 18 ) for separating fine material ( 22 ) of the material ( 24 ) is arranged. Feed chute according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning surface ( 18 ) Increases ( 17 ), preferably transversely to the sliding direction ( 25 ), for generating one or more movements ( 19 ), in particular movements of the supplied material ( 24 ). Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the cleaning surface ( 18 ) Openings ( 20 ), preferably behind an increase ( 17 ), for discharging the fine material ( 22 ) are arranged. Feed chute according to claims 3, characterized in that the openings ( 20 ) in the cleaning surface ( 18 ) smaller than the supplied material ( 24 ) are formed. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supplied material ( 24 ) contains in particular lignocellulose-containing material. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations ( 17 ) regularly and / or irregularly over the cleaning surface ( 18 ) are arranged. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations ( 17 ) and / or openings ( 20 ) preferably transversely to the sliding direction ( 25 ) are arranged several times next to each other and / or running continuously. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations ( 17 ) are formed as running transversely to the direction of sliding steps, the one piece of the material of the cleaning surface ( 18 ) are punched out and bent up, wherein the bending up an opening ( 20 ) in the cleaning surface ( 18 ) is formed. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning surface ( 18 ) and / or the sliding surface ( 9 ) is designed to perform oscillatory or vibrating movements. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that below the cleaning surface ( 18 ) a collecting container ( 21 ) and / or a suction is attached. Feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the underside of the cleaning surface ( 18 ) at least one substantially in the sliding direction ( 25 ) running rib ( 23 ) for reinforcing the cleaning surface ( 18 ) is arranged. Crushing machine comprising a feed chute according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 11. Crushing machine according to claim 12, further comprising a knife ring chipper ( 13 ). Method for feeding material ( 24 ) in a crusher, in particular a Messerringzerspaner, wherein the material ( 24 ) over an inclined sliding surface ( 9 ) is fed into the crusher, characterized in that the material ( 24 ) by a, arranged in the sliding surface cleaning surface ( 18 ) of fine material ( 22 ) is cleaned. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that through, in the cleaning surface ( 18 ) integrated increases ( 17 ) one or more movements ( 19 ), in particular flight movements of the material ( 24 ) be generated. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the material ( 24 ) chopped fine material ( 22 ) via openings ( 20 ) in the cleaning surface ( 18 ) is discharged. Method according to one or more of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the cleaning surface ( 18 ) and / or the sliding surface ( 9 ) can be vibrated or vibrated.

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