DE102011122113A1 - Base substrate, used for composite film banknote in form of rectangular sheet, comprises parallel strip-shaped perforated tracks that extend along longitudinal/transverse direction of the substrate and contain a substrate dilution - Google Patents

Abstract

The base substrate comprises parallel strip-shaped perforated tracks that extend along a longitudinal direction or a transverse direction of the base substrate and contain a substrate dilution (60) in a first partial region (56), a through-hole (62) passing through the base substrate in the substrate dilution, and a substrate thickener in a second partial region (58). The base substrate has a constant first substrate thickness (S 0), and a thickness of the substrate is increased in a region of the substrate thickener to a second substrate thickness of 1.20.S 0 and 1.40.S 0. The base substrate comprises parallel strip-shaped perforated tracks that extend along a longitudinal direction or a transverse direction of the base substrate and contain a substrate dilution (60) in a first partial region (56), a through-hole (62) passing through the base substrate in the substrate dilution, and a substrate thickener in a second partial region (58). The base substrate has a constant first substrate thickness (S 0), and a thickness of the substrate is increased in a region of the substrate thickener to a second substrate thickness of 1.20.S 0 and 1.40.S 0. The substrate thickness in a region of the substrate thickener increases continuously in a direction perpendicular to the perforated track from the first substrate thickness to the second substrate thickness and then again continuously decreases to the first substrate thickness. The substrate thickness in a region of the substrate dilution decreases continuously in a direction perpendicular to the perforated track from the first substrate thickness to a third substrate thickness at an edge of the through hole and then again continuously increases to the first substrate thickness. The perforated track has a width of 0.5-3 cm. The substrate thickener is represented by delta M t h i n, and the substrate dilution is represented by delta M t h i c k, where the delta M t h i c k is equal to 0.8.delta M t h i n to 1.3.delta M t h i n. The through-hole comprises a sharply defined edge having characteristic irregularities created during the manufacture of paper. The perforated track consists of a first thinned subregion, a second thinned subregion, and a third thinned subregion that is completely arranged within the second subregion. An interruption of the second subregion is present transverse to the strip-shaped track. The third subregion is arranged in the form of webs, non-linear patterns, or in the form of a motif. The third subregion in the base substrate forms: an authenticity marking such as a code, one- or two-dimensional barcode or Braille; or a pattern such as a stripe pattern. An irregularly shaped third subregion is distributed in the second subregion. The base substrate is made of paper such as cotton paper, or of paper having a content of polymer fibers. Independent claims are included for: (1) a value document such as a film composite banknote; (2) a method for producing a base substrate; (3) a method for producing a value document; and (4) a drainage strainer for producing a base substrate.

Description

The invention relates to a base substrate for a composite film banknote, a document of value with such a base substrate, a method for producing such a base substrate or document of value, and a dewatering screen for the production of such a base substrate.

Data carriers, such as valuables or identity documents, but also other valuables, such as branded goods, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction. Increasingly transparent security features, such as transparent windows in banknotes, are becoming increasingly attractive.

From the publication EP 1 545 902 B1 For example, a film composite banknote is known which has an inner paper layer and two films applied by means of an adhesive to opposite sides of the paper layer. The paper layer may be interrupted by a hole to form a window in the banknote, in which the two films are directly connected by means of the adhesive.

In such designs, the abrupt transition from the relatively thick paper to the hole can lead to undefined and blurred air pockets at the window edge. The laminated films can relax undefined during the curing time and there is a risk that imprint punched edges in the counter-side and generate so-called ghosting.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is intended to provide a base substrate for a film composite banknote which allows the production of windows with high window quality, sharp window margins and minimized air inclusions. Ideally, a high process reliability in the production of banknotes should be achieved.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a base substrate in the form of a rectangular arc having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction perpendicular thereto, which has at least one strip-shaped hole track extending along the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction of the base substrate, which contains the hole track, is used for producing a composite film banknote in the first subregions a substrate dilution and in the substrate dilution a through hole through the base substrate and contains in second subregions a substrate thickening.

In an advantageous embodiment, the base substrate has a substantially constant first substrate thickness S ₀ outside the strip-shaped hole tracks. The thickness of the substrate increases in the region of the substrate thickening to a second substrate thickness S _thick which is between 1.05 · S ₀ and 2.0 · S ₀ , preferably between 1.10 · S ₀ and 1.60 · S ₀ , more preferably between 1.20 · S ₀ and 1.40 · S ₀ .

Advantageously, the substrate thickness does not change abruptly in the region of the substrate thickening, but increases continuously in a direction perpendicular to the strip-shaped hole trace from the first substrate thickness S ₀ to the second substrate thickness S _thick and then continuously decreases again toward the first substrate thickness S ₀ . The regions of continuous increase and continuous decrease preferably each occupy more than 20%, in particular more than 30%, or even more than 40% of the width of the hole track. For example, the substrate thickness of a 2 cm wide hole track can continuously increase from S ₀ to S _thick over a 0.9 cm wide area (45% of the width), remain constant in an approximately 0.2 cm wide area (10% of the width), and continuously decrease from S _thick to S ₀ in a 0.9 cm wide area (45% of the width).

According to an advantageous embodiment, the substrate thickness decreases in the region of the substrate dilution in a direction perpendicular to the strip-shaped hole track continuously from the first substrate thickness S ₀ to a third substrate thickness S _thin at the edge of the through hole and subsequently increases again continuously to the first substrate thickness S ₀ out. Again, the areas of continuous decrease and continuous increase preferably each occupy more than 20%, in particular more than 30%, or even more than 40% of the width of the hole track.

The at least one strip-shaped hole track preferably has a width between 0.2 cm and 10.0 cm, in particular between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm. The base substrate may contain only one hole track or several parallel hole tracks.

If one considers the amount of substance ΔM _thin missing in the substrate dilution of the hole track as compared to the outside area outside the hole track and the excess amount of substance ΔM _thick in the substrate thickening compared to the outside area, the relationship ΔM _thick = 0.1 · ΔM _thin applies to these variables. .. 2.0 · ΔM _thin , preferably ΔM _thick = 0, 5 · ΔM _thin ... 1.5 · ΔM _thin , and more preferably ΔM _thick = 0.8 · ΔM _thin ... 1.3 · ΔM _thin .

In advantageous configurations, the through hole has a sharply delimited edge and in this case is produced, for example, by cutting, in particular laser cutting, or punching. In other, likewise advantageous configurations, the through hole has an edge produced during papermaking with characteristic irregularities and can in this case be produced, for example, by a hole type applied to the dewatering screen.

In an advantageous variant of the invention, the strip-shaped hole tracks each consist of the first, thinned partial areas and the second, thickened partial areas, so that each part of a hole track lies either in a substrate dilution (and possibly in a substrate dilution in a hole) or in a substrate thickening.

In a further, likewise advantageous variant of the invention, the strip-shaped hole tracks have, in addition to the first and second partial areas, also third partial areas with substantially unchanged substrate thickness in relation to the outer area outside the hole track. In this case, the third partial regions are either arranged completely within the second partial regions or represent interruptions of the second partial regions transversely to the strip-shaped hole track. The formulation according to which the third partial regions represent interruptions of the second partial regions transversely to the strip-shaped hole track comprises both embodiments in which the Interruptions are arranged transversely in the sense of substantially at right angles with respect to the second portions or in which the interruptions are arranged transversely at a non-right angle, in particular diagonally, with respect to the second portions. Strip-shaped regions which extend parallel to a hole track do not constitute third sub-regions in the sense of the present invention. The strip-shaped hole tracks are therefore also formed in this variant of the invention essentially by the first, thinned subregions and the second, thickened subregions, although in addition third subregions with substantially unchanged substrate thickness can be present within the second regions, or the hole trace in the second subregions can be interrupted by transverse third subregions.

Advantageously, the third portions are formed in the form of webs or non-linear patterns. With particular advantage, they can form a mark of authenticity in the base substrate, in particular a coding, such as a one- or two-dimensional barcode or a Braille script. The third portions may also form a pattern within the hole track, such as a stripe, checkerboard or checker pattern. Furthermore, irregularly shaped third partial regions can be distributed in the second partial regions. It is also conceivable that the third subregions are designed in the form of a motif.

The base substrate is preferably formed from paper, in particular cotton paper or from paper with a proportion of polymer fibers.

It should be noted at this point that the thickening according to the invention does not necessarily have to be formed from the same material as the base substrate. In principle, it is conceivable, for example, that thickening is formed on a base substrate by means of application, in particular printing of transparent or pigmented paints / adhesives. A suitable printing method for producing such a substrate thickening would be z. B. the screen printing process.

In addition, the thickening on the base substrate could also be done by spraying transparent or pigmented paints / adhesives by means of a suitable spray nozzle. The two abovementioned possibilities for producing a substrate thickening, which is formed from a different material than that of the base substrate, expediently take place before the arrangement of the further layers, in particular the arrangement of the laminating films for producing the value document.

In addition, however, it is also conceivable that the films provided for the arrangement on the base substrate have a thickening which is obtained, for example, by adhering a further film strip. In such a case, therefore, the foils provided for the arrangement on the base substrate have a thickening, so that the value document obtained after the arrangement of these foils on the base substrate ultimately has a hole track which is thickened by the thickened foil regions.

The variants described above for producing a thickened hole track by means of transparent or pigmented paints / adhesives / films have the advantage that the thickenings are optically not or only slightly visible. However, the currently claimed base substrate can already be equipped with the substrate thickening according to the invention during the production of the substrate, so that the inventive method is procedurally and therefore economically very advantageous due to the smaller number of process steps compared to the variants mentioned above.

The invention also includes a value document, in particular a film composite banknote having a base substrate of the type described above. In a preferred embodiment, the document of value is at least two-layered and contains at least one film layer and at least one base substrate of the type described above.

Particularly preferred are currently designs in which the document of value is at least three-layered and contains at least one base substrate of the type described above, which is embedded between two film layers. The through hole of the base substrate and the two embedding foil layers in this case advantageously define a hollow chamber which is filled with a filling material having a security feature. As a security feature, the filler material advantageously has microencapsulated systems or non-spherical effect pigments. In a particularly preferred variant, the security feature has a microencapsulated system which comprises a large number of microcapsules, each of which has a capsule shell and a capsule contents that can be influenced by external magnetic fields and can be aligned, in particular, by external magnetic fields. As the embedding matrix, the filler may comprise an adhesive, but preferably contains an adhesive-free matrix for the security feature, in particular a thermoplastic resin, a UV-crosslinking resin, an electron-beam crosslinking resin or a chemically film-forming resin. Further details of such a base substrate with hollow chamber, which is filled with a filling material containing a security feature, the German application with the application number DE 10 2011 108 477.4 be removed. In addition, it is also conceivable that the hollow chamber defined by the through hole of the base substrate and the two film layers has an internal imprint. Such an imprint is as well as a filling of the hollow chamber with a filler extremely tamper-proof, as from the outside no access to the imprint or the filler material is possible.

It should be noted with regard to the composite film banknote described above with at least two-layer, in particular three-layered structure, that the film layers do not necessarily have to cover the base substrate substantially over the entire area. Conceivable, therefore, would be the arrangement of the two film layers (in a three-layer construction) only in the region of the hole track according to the invention. In the event that the arranged in the region of the hole track are each formed as a self-supporting film, this variant has a base substrate with a hole and a hole track, wherein the hole track is covered on both sides of the base substrate of a self-supporting film. Optionally, the self-supporting film in the region of the hole have security elements, for. B. diffraction structures, matte structures, farbkippende layers, liquid crystal layers, etc., which are suitable for checking the authenticity.

The invention also encompasses a method for producing a base substrate of the type described above, in which the base substrate is produced in the form of a rectangular arc with a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction perpendicular thereto and is provided with at least one strip-shaped hole track extending along the longitudinal direction or the Transverse direction of the base substrate extends. In this case, a substrate dilution is produced in the first subregions of the hole track, and a hole extending through the substrate substrate is produced in the substrate dilution. In the second subregions of the hole track, a substrate thickening is produced.

The base substrate is preferably produced in a paper machine with a dewatering screen, wherein the substrate dilutions are produced during papermaking, preferably by elevations provided on the dewatering screen. The substrate thickenings are also preferably produced during papermaking, preferably by depressions provided on the dewatering screen. The substrate dilutions may alternatively be made by compressing the base substrate, for example, by calendering after papermaking.

The through hole is produced in an advantageous process variant within the substrate dilutions already in papermaking. In another, likewise advantageous variant of the method, the through hole is produced only after papermaking by cutting, in particular laser cutting or punching.

In a method for producing a value document, a base substrate of the type described above is laminated with at least one film, the laminated base substrate is wound on a roll for Kaschierkleberaushärtung and from the cured laminated base substrate, a value document, in particular a film composite banknote is produced.

The invention also encompasses a dewatering screen for the production of a base substrate of the type described, wherein the dewatering screen has at least one strip-shaped hole track which extends along the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction of the dewatering screen, and wherein the strip-shaped hole track has elevations in the first partial areas for generating substrate dilutions in the substrate Contains base substrate and contains wells in the second sub-areas for the production of substrate thickening in the base substrate.

Advantageously, a hole type for producing a through hole in the base substrate is provided in the first subregions of the dewatering screen.

In an advantageous variant of the invention, the strip-shaped hole tracks of the dewatering screen each consist of the first, raised subregions and the second, recessed subregions, that is, each part of a hole track lies either in an elevation or in a depression.

In a further, likewise advantageous variant of the invention, the strip-shaped hole tracks of the dewatering screen have, in addition to the first and second partial areas, also third partial areas with a screen height that is unchanged from the outside area outside the hole track. In this case, the third subregions are either completely arranged within the second subregions or represent interruptions of the second subregions transversely to the strip-shaped hole track. Such interruptions of the recessed second subregions can ensure that sufficient paper fibers are held in the depressions during sheet formation.

Advantageously, the third subregions of the dewatering screen are in the form of webs or non-linear patterns, as described in more detail above for the third subregions of the base substrate.

Since the first, second and third subregions of the dewatering screen respectively essentially represent the negatives of the first, second and third subregions of the base substrate, the statements made above in connection with the subregions of the base substrates apply correspondingly to the subregions of the dewatering screen.

• – Eine optimierte Fensterqualität durch anpasste Topographie des Basissubstrats, insbesondere hohe Fensterqualität mit scharfen Fensterrändern und minimalen Lufteinschlüssen.
• – Eine homogene Wickeldruckverteilung innerhalb einer Produktionsrolle.
• – Eine hohe Prozesssicherheit durch reduzierten Einfluss von Maschineparametern, insbesondere Züge, Wickeldruck, Wickeltemperatur, Kaschierdruck, Kaschiertemperatur, Auftragstemperatur, Luft- und Papierfeuchtigkeit und Lagertemperatur, und durch reduzierten Einfluss von Klebstoff- und Aushärtungsparametern.

Overall, the invention achieves the following advantages in particular:

• - Optimized window quality through adapted topography of the base substrate, especially high window quality with sharp window margins and minimal air pockets.
• - A homogeneous winding pressure distribution within a production roll.
• - High process reliability due to reduced influence of machine parameters, in particular draws, winding pressure, winding temperature, laminating pressure, laminating temperature, application temperature, air and paper moisture and storage temperature, and due to reduced influence of adhesive and curing parameters.

Further exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures, in the representation of which a representation true to scale and proportion has been dispensed with in order to increase the clarity.

Show it:

1 a schematic representation of a film composite banknote with an integrated security element,

2 a cross section through the banknote of 1 along the line II-II,

3 a paper sheet rolled up on a production roll, laminated with foils,

4 a detail of a base substrate according to the invention in the form of a security paper sheet,

5 an inventive base substrate in the form of a single use,

6 in (a) to (c) three cross sections through the base substrate of 5 along the lines AA, BB and CC,

7 in (a) a security paper sheet according to the invention rolled up onto a production roll, and in (b) schematically a cross section through the laminated security paper sheet of (a) rolled up on the production roll along the line

8th in (a) a cross-section through a dewatering screen according to the invention in areas serving for the production of substrate dilutions, (b) a corresponding cross-section through the paper web produced therewith, (c) the paper web of (b) after the production of through-holes with a sharp one Rand, and in (d) is a cross section through the dewatering screen of (a) in areas that serve to produce substrate thickening, and

9 a base substrate in the form of a single use according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using the example of banknotes. 1 shows a schematic representation of a three-layer film composite banknote 10 with a layered foil / paper / foil, into which a security element 12 is integrated in the form of a see-through window. The foil composite banknote 10 is in 2 in cross section along the line II-II of 1 shown in more detail.

With reference to the cross section of 2 Contains the foil composite banknote 10 in the area of the security element 12 an inner paper layer 20 . the thickness outside of a hole track described in more detail below 42 with a hollow chamber 22 is essentially constant. This substantially constant thickness is referred to as the substrate thickness S.

The hole track 42 This represents an approximately 2 cm wide strip, which is parallel to one of the outer edges of the bill 10 extends. In the in 2 shown portion of the hole track 42 contains the paper layer 20 a dilute area 36 and in the thinned area through the paper layer 20 through hole 38 , In the diluted area 36 takes the substrate thickness of the substrate thickness S to a hollow chamber depth H at the edge of the through hole 38 from.

To the foil composite banknote 10 to form is the paper layer 20 on both opposite sides each with a transparent laminate foil 26 . 28 covered. The distance between the two opposite laminate films 26 . 28 in the area of the through hole 38 defines a filling height A for the hollow chamber 22 , which may differ in general from both the substrate thickness S and the hollow chamber depth H, as in 2 illustrated. Through the through hole 22 in the paper layer 20 and the two laminate films 26 . 28 is in the banknote 10 a hollow chamber 22 created with a filling material 30 filled with a security feature. For example, the hollow chamber 22 with a binder 32 with platelet-shaped effect pigments 34 be filled from crosslinked liquid crystals, which show a characteristic color shift effect. The filled hollow chamber 22 forms an oval viewing window 24 with color shift effect in the film composite banknote 10 ,

In the production of such banknotes 10 A variety of individual benefits is always generated on a foil-laminated paper sheet and on a production roll 40 rolled up, as in 3 shown. In the holes 42 like in the 1 and 2 shown the see-through windows 24 contain the single benefit, it turns because of the lack of substance there against the outdoor areas 44 reduced winding pressure. The reduced winding pressure can during the Kaschierkleberaushärtung to a relaxation of the films 26 . 28 and thus to poor quality of the see-through window 24 lead to blurred window edges, trapped air or ghosting.

By using a base substrate with a substrate thickening in the hole track, which is described in more detail below, these problems are greatly reduced or completely avoided, and a virtually uniform and homogeneous winding pressure can be ensured within the laminated roll during the curing phase.

4 shows a section of a base substrate according to the invention in the form of a security paper sheet 50 that has a lot of individual benefits 52 carries, which later cut banknotes 10 correspond. The security paper sheet shown in the figure only in cutout 50 is rectangular and has a longitudinal direction LB (the transport direction) and a transverse direction QB perpendicular thereto.

In 5 is a one-up 52 shown in more detail. Also the single benefit 52 itself has a longitudinal direction LE and a transverse direction QE, which in the exemplary embodiment perpendicular to the longitudinal or transverse direction of the arc 50 stand. Both the security paper sheet 50 as well as a single benefit 52 each represent a base substrate in the sense of the present invention.

This through the security paper sheet 50 of the 4 formed base substrate has a plurality of strip-shaped holes traces 54 on, extending along the longitudinal direction LB of the security paper sheet 50 extend. In the outdoor areas 66 outside the hole marks 54 indicates the security paper sheet 50 a constant substrate thickness. The hole marks 54 consist of first and second subareas 56 . 58 , where the first subareas 56 one substrate dilution each 60 and in the substrate dilution, through the security paper sheet 50 through hole 62 contain. The second sections 58 each contain a substrate thickening 64 , The terms "substrate dilution" and "substrate thickening" respectively refer to the substantially constant substrate thickness of the outer regions 66 , ie, in the range of substrate dilution 60 the thickness of the substrate is smaller and in the region of the substrate thickening 64 the thickness of the substrate is greater than in the outdoor area 66 ,

In an analogous way, this is indicated by the individual benefit 52 of the 5 Base substrate formed a strip-shaped hole track 54 on, extending along the transverse direction QE of the single use 52 extends. The hole track 54 again consists of first and second sections 56 . 58 , where the first subareas 56 one substrate dilution each 60 and in the substrate dilution one by the single use 52 through hole 62 contain. The second sections 58 each contain a substrate thickening 64 , Again, the substrate thickness in the outdoor areas 66 outside the hole track 54 essentially constant.

6 shows in (a) to (c) three cross sections through the base substrate (security paper sheet 50 or single use 52 ) along lines AA, BB and CC of 5 , With reference first to 6 (a) and the section perpendicular to the hole track 54 in the area of the through hole 62 has that Base substrate in the outdoor area 66 a constant layer thickness S ₀ , for example, S ₀ 90 .mu.m. In the area of substrate dilution 60 the hole track 54 takes the substrate thickness in a direction perpendicular to the strip-shaped hole track 54 continuously from the substrate thickness S ₀ to a substrate thickness S _thin at the edge of the through hole 62 from and from the opposite edge of the hole 62 Starting from the substrate thickness S _thin again continuously until the constant layer thickness S _{0 of} the outer area 66 is reached. The substrate thickness S _thin at the edge of the through hole 62 For example, S can be _thin = 30 microns.

At the hole 22 it can be a hole with a sharply defined edge, such as can be made by laser cutting or stamping after sheet formation. Alternatively, the hole 22 also already be generated in the sheet formation and have characteristic irregularities in the edge region, which are subsequently produced on the finished paper. Such irregularities are manifested in particular by the lack of a sharp cutting edge or by irregular attachment of fibers in the edge region and by protruding into the hole of individual fibers.

6 (b) shows a section perpendicular to the hole track 54 in the area of substrate thickening 64 , The layer thickness of the substrate increases perpendicular to the hole track 54 continuously from the first substrate thickness S ₀ to a substrate thickness knit and then decreases continuously again, down to the outside 66 again the substrate thickness S _{0 is} reached. The maximum achieved substrate _thickness S _thick in the middle of the substrate thickening 64 For example, S _thick = 120 microns.

6 (c) shows a section parallel to the hole track 54 , wherein the shown section of a partial area 58 with substrate thickening 64 through a subarea 56 with substrate dilution 60 and hole 62 through to another subarea 58 with substrate thickening 64 extends. In the thickening area 64 the base substrate has the substrate thickness S _thick = 120 μm, in the region of substrate dilution 60 the substrate thickness continuously drops to the substrate thickness S _thin = 30 μm at the edge of the through hole 62 and rises from the opposite edge of the hole 62 again continuously up to the layer thickness S _thick . The layer thickness S _{0 of} the outdoor area 66 is shown by dashed lines for illustrative purposes.

Will such a security sheet according to the invention 50 after two-sided lamination with two laminating foils on a production roll 70 rolled up, as in 7 (a) is shown on the roll 70 those in the hole tracks 54 through the substrate dilutions 60 lack of substance through the in the substrate thickening 64 Excessive amount of substance largely balanced. The winding pressure in the area of the hole marks 54 and the outdoor areas 66 is therefore much more uniform than in the designs of the prior art.

To illustrate shows 7 (b) schematically a cross section through the on the production roll 70 rolled laminated security paper sheet 50 along the BB line of 7 (a) , For clarity, the laminating films in the cross section of 7 (b) omitted and in the roll superimposed layers of paper 50 ' . 50 '' , which are part of the same paper sheet 50 are alternately provided with different hatchings.

Outside 66 outside the hole marks 54 each paper areas with the constant substrate thickness S ₀ are superimposed. In the area of the hole marks 54 lie next to paper sheets 50 ' in the region of the cross section BB, a substrate dilution 60 and a hole 62 also have paper layers 50 '' before, in the region of the cross section BB substrate thickening 64 contain. By the combination of substrate dilutions 60 and substrate thickening 64 gets in the hole marks 54 Achieved a total thickness that does not or only slightly exceeds the total thickness of the exterior areas 66 deviates so that in the role 70 sets a more uniform and homogeneous winding pressure.

In 7 (b) are idealized alternately one substrate dilution each 60 and a substrate thickening 64 drawn one above the other. In practice, however, partly due to the increasing from the inside to the outside roll circumference also holes 62 in adjacent paper layers 50 ' . 50 '' offset from one another or overlapping. Because in a role 70 however, a variety of paper layers 50 ' . 50 '' lie one above the other, finds a total in the hole marks 54 in any case, the described compensation of substrate dilutions 60 through the substrate thickenings 64 instead of.

The relative proportion of superimposed substrate dilutions 60 and substrate thickening 64 in cross-section of a hole track 54 ( 7 (b) ) depends on the size ratio of the thinned and thickened portions 56 . 58 from. For example, are the thickened sections 58 along the hole track 54 twice as long as the diluted sections 56 , so lie in the cross section of a hole track 54 on average twice as many substrate thickenings 64 like substrate dilutions 60 , For full thickness compensation, any substrate thickening should be used 64 therefore compensate for about half of a substrate dilution. The same applies to other proportions.

In order to achieve the best possible pressure balance, it is possible, for example, to proceed as follows: based on the size and shape of the substrate dilutions 60 First, the opposite of the outdoor area 66 missing quantity of substance ΔM _thin estimated or calculated. The missing amount of substance ΔM _thin is compensated by one compared to the outside area 66 in the substrate thickenings 64 provided excess amount of substance ΔM _thick . The uniformity of the winding pressure can be markedly improved even with an excess amount of fabric ΔM _thick = 0.1 · ΔM _thin . However, the excess amount of substance ΔM _thick is preferably at least 0.5 × ΔM _thin or even at least 0.8 × ΔM _thin . The excess amount of material ΔM _thick is preferably even greater than ΔM _thin , ie ΔM _thick > 1.0 × ΔM _thin , but will generally not exceed 2.0 × ΔM _thin , ie ΔM _thick ≤ 2.0 × ΔM _thin .

By way of illustration, in a paper web having a paper weight of 75 g / m ² and a thickness of S ₀ = 90 μm, holes of a size of 1 cm × 1 cm and a distance of 7 cm from hole center to hole center should be evenly compensated by substrate thickening in the intermediate hole area , The missing amount of substance M _thin is in this example ΔM _thin = 75 g / m ² x 1 cm ² = 7.5 mg.

The missing amount of substance ΔM _thin should be completely compensated by an excess amount of substance ΔM _thick in the intermediate hole area, ie ΔM _thick = ΔM _thin = 7.5 mg

The subregion of the substrate thickening has an area of A _thick = (7 cm -1 cm) × 1 cm = 6 cm ² with the above information. If the excess amount of substance ΔM _{thick is} evenly distributed on this surface, the result is an excess paper mass of ΔM _thick / A _thick = 12.5 g / m ² , So a total paper mass of 87.5 g / m ² in the substrate thickening. This total paper mass corresponds to an average substrate thickness of S _{thick, av} = 90 μm × 87.5 / 75 = 105 μm and thus an average additional thickness of ΔS _av = 105 μm - 90 μm = 15 μm.

Since the substrate thickness in the region of the substrate thickening should not increase abruptly but continuously, as in 6 (b) As illustrated, the maximum substrate _thickness S _thick must be greater than the average substrate _thickness S _{thick, av} . If the estimation is based on a linear increase or decrease from S ₀ to S _thick and back to S ₀ , the maximum additional thickness obviously results ΔS _max = 2 * ΔS _av = 30 μm, So the maximum substrate thickness too S _thick = S ₀ + ΔS _max = 120 μm.

It is understood that the missing amount of substance ΔM _thin , even for complicated forms of Substratverdünnungsbereiche 60 calculated in an analogous manner and can be compensated by an excess amount of substance ΔM _thick in the thickening region.

The preparation of paper base substrates according to the invention can be carried out with a dewatering screen whose surface topography essentially represents the negative of the desired paper topography. This is with reference to the 8 (a) to (d) explained in more detail. First shows 8 (a) a cross section through the dewatering screen 80 in areas involving the generation of substrate dilutions 60 serve. The drainage screen 80 has this in the desired subareas corresponding surveys 82 on. After the addition of fiber pulp, the detachment of the paper web and the further process steps such as drying, seizing, gluing, etc., the in 8 (b) in the corresponding cross section illustrated paper web 50 in the fields of sieve surveys 82 the desired substrate dilutions 60 having.

In the exemplary embodiment, in the region of the substrate dilutions 60 by laser cutting 84 or punching through holes 62 generated with sharp edge, as in 8 (c) shown. In other variants of the method, the holes can also be produced during sheet formation and have characteristic edge irregularities which result from an irregular accumulation of fibers in the edge region. For this purpose, in the sublime areas 82 the drainage screen, for example, hole types with the shape of the desired holes 62 be provided.

8 (d) shows a cross section through the dewatering screen 80 in areas involving the production of substrate thickening 64 serve. The drainage screen 80 has for this purpose in the desired areas corresponding recesses 86 on, after the addition of fiber mass, the detachment of the paper web and the other process steps already mentioned above, the desired substrate thickening 64 generate in the paper web.

While in the embodiments described so far the hole tracks each consist of the first and second subregions with the substrate dilutions or substrate thickenings, the hole tracks in other designs can also contain third subregions in which the substrate thickness is essentially unchanged relative to the outer region. Although the substrate thickness in the third subregions ideally coincides with the substrate thickness of the outer region, depending on the size and the arrangement of the third and second subregions, the substrate thickness of the third subregions may be slightly different than the substrate thickness of the outer region as a result of the production.

9 shows for illustration a single benefit 90 that basically like the single-use 52 of the 5 is formed. In contrast to the individual benefit of 5 is the second section 58 with the substrate thickenings 64 at the single use 90 however, by bar-shaped third sections 92 interrupted, in which the substrate thickness of the substrate thickness of the outer area 66 equivalent. The third sections 92 form in the embodiment, a certificate of authenticity, namely a barcode 94 in which, for example, the denomination of the banknote to be produced 10 can be coded.

Non-linear third subregions also come into consideration according to the invention. For example, shows 9 in the hole track 54 next to the jetties 92 also pimples 96 , which also third subregions with the substrate thickness of the exterior 66 represent. That of the pimples 96 formed dot pattern represents in the exemplary embodiment a Braille information. In this way, additional information can be integrated into the base substrate or banknote, which can serve as a reading aid for the visually impaired and / or as a further authenticity feature example.

Such third subregions offer not only increased counterfeit security but also advantages in the production of the base substrates. In a design like in 5 leads the relatively large area of substrate thickening 64 to correspondingly large depressions 86 in the drainage sieve 80 , By providing the third portions described above 92 become the pits 86 in the drainage sieve 80 interrupted and thereby ensured that even in the depressions 86 sufficient paper fibers are held in the sheet formation.

The interruptions of the wells 86 in the drainage sieve 80 advantageously produce further authenticity features in the base substrate, such as the barcode 94 or the braille script 96 , However, it is also possible for the third partial areas to represent merely decorative and / or haptically detectable patterns within the substrate thickening, for example a crosswalk, checkerboard or checker pattern. Finally, it is also possible, the third portions inconspicuously in the substrate thickening 64 to be integrated, for example, by distributing irregularly shaped third partial areas within the second partial areas. In this way, the third subregions are not noticeable visually or haptically and are therefore not perceived on a superficial level.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Foil composite banknote

12

security element

20

inner paper layer

22

hollow

24

Through window

26, 28

laminate film

30

filling material

32

binder

34

effect pigments

36

dilute area

38

through hole

42

hole track

44

exteriors

50

Sheet of security paper

50 ', 50' '

paper documents

52

individual benefits

54

hole traces

56, 58

subregions

60

substrate diluent

62

through hole

64

substrate thickening

66

outdoors

70

role

80

dewatering

82

surveys

84

laser cutting

86

wells

90

individual benefits

92

third subareas

94

barcode

96

burl

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1545902 B1 [0003]
• DE 102011108477 [0023]

Claims (27)

A base substrate for a laminated film banknote in the form of a rectangular arc having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction perpendicular thereto, which has at least one strip-shaped hole track extending along the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction of the base substrate, the substrate dilution in the first partial regions and a substrate dilution in the first partial regions contains through hole through the base substrate and contains a substrate thickening in the second subregions. Base substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the base substrate outside the strip-shaped hole traces has a substantially constant first substrate thickness S ₀ and that the thickness of the substrate increases in the region of the substrate thickening to a second substrate thickness S _thick , which is between 1.05 · S ₀ and 2.0 · S ₀ , preferably between 1.10 · S ₀ and 1.60 · S ₀ , more preferably between 1.20 · S ₀ and 1.40 · S ₀ . Base substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that the substrate thickness increases in the region of the substrate thickening in a direction perpendicular to the strip-shaped hole track continuously from the first substrate thickness S ₀ to the second substrate thickness S _thick and subsequently decreases again continuously to the first substrate thickness S ₀ . Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the substrate thickness decreases in the region of the substrate dilution in a direction perpendicular to the strip-shaped hole track continuously from the first substrate thickness S ₀ to a third substrate thickness S _thin at the edge of the through hole and subsequently continuously again increases to the first substrate thickness S ₀ . Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one strip-shaped hole track has a width between 0.2 cm and 10.0 cm, preferably between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base substrate contains a plurality of parallel hole tracks. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the amount of substance ΔM _thin missing in the substrate dilution of the hole track with respect to the outside area outside the hole track, and the substance amount ΔM _thick exceeding in the substrate thickening with respect to the outside area has the relation ΔM _thick = 0 , 1 · ΔM _thin ... 2.0 · M _thin , preferably ΔM _thick = 0.5 · ΔM _thin ... 1.5 · ΔM _thin , more preferably ΔM _thick = 0.8 · ΔM _thin ... 1 , 3 · ΔM _thin . Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the through hole has a sharply defined edge. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the through-hole has a rim produced in papermaking with characteristic irregularities. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the strip-shaped hole tracks each consist of the first, thinned portions and the second, thickened portions. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the strip-shaped hole tracks in addition to the first and second subregions also have third subregions with respect to the outer region outside the hole track substantially unchanged substrate thickness, wherein the third subregions arranged either completely within the second subregions are or interruptions of the second portions transverse to the strip-shaped hole trace, Base substrate according to claim 11, characterized in that the third portions are in the form of webs, non-linear patterns or in the form of a motif. Base substrate according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the third subregions in the base substrate form a mark of authenticity, in particular a coding, such as a one- or two-dimensional barcode or a Braille script, or that the third subregions form a pattern, in particular a, in the base substrate stripe pattern. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that irregularly shaped third partial regions are distributed in the second partial regions. Base substrate according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the base substrate is formed from paper, in particular cotton paper or from paper with a proportion of polymer fibers. Security document, in particular film composite banknote with a base substrate according to one of claims 1 to 15. Value document according to claim 16, characterized in that the value document at least constructed in two layers and at least one film layer and at least one base substrate according to one of claims 1 to 15 contains. Value document according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the value document is constructed at least three layers and at least one base substrate according to one of claims 1 to 15, which is embedded between two film layers. Document of value according to claim 18, characterized in that the through hole of the base substrate and the two embedding foil layers define a hollow chamber which is filled with a filling material with a security feature and / or has an internal imprint. A process for producing a base substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the base substrate is formed in the shape of a rectangular arc having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction perpendicular thereto and provided with at least one strip-shaped hole track extending along the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction of the Base substrate extends, wherein a substrate dilution is generated in the first partial areas of the salmon track and in the substrate dilution, a through hole through the base substrate is produced, and wherein in the second partial areas of the hole track a substrate thickening is generated. A method according to claim 20, characterized in that the base substrate is produced in a paper machine with a dewatering screen and the substrate dilutions are produced during papermaking, preferably by surveys provided on the dewatering screen. A method according to claim 21, characterized in that the substrate thickenings are generated during papermaking, preferably by means provided on the dewatering wells. A method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the through hole is produced within the substrate dilutions during papermaking. A method according to at least one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the through hole is produced after paper production by cutting or punching. A method for producing a value document in which a base substrate according to one of claims 1 to 15 is laminated with at least one film, the laminated base substrate for Kaschierkleberaushärtung is wound on a roll and from the cured laminated base substrate a value document, in particular a film composite banknote is generated , A dewatering screen for the production of a base substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which has at least one strip-shaped hole track extending along the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction of the dewatering screen, wherein the strip-shaped hole track contains elevations for generating substrate dilutions in the base substrate in first partial regions second sub-areas contains recesses for the production of substrate thickening in the base substrate. Entwässerungssieb according to claim 26, characterized in that in the first partial areas a hole type for the production of a through hole is provided.

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