DE102010025587A1 - Gas turbine i.e. propeller gas turbine, has hollow sections with profile axles bent against series axles around profile angle, and exhausting passage bent against gas turbine around passage angle along longitudinal axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The turbine has a profile heat exchanger provided with a feed passage for supplying fluid. An exhausting passage removes the fluid. Another fluid is passed through a hollow section series. The exhausting passage is bent around a series angle (alphaRZ'). Profile axles (P) of hollow sections are bent against series axles (R) around a profile angle (alphaPR). The exhausting passage is bent against a gas turbine around a passage angle (alphaZT) along a longitudinal axis (T). The hollow sections are extended between the U-shaped feed passage and the exhausting passage.

Description

The invention relates to a gas turbine, in particular a propeller gas turbine, with a profile heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 31 46 089 C2 is a usable in gas turbine engines profile heat exchanger with a split central tube known whose passages communicate via lancet-like hollow profiles, which project on both sides of the central tube U-shaped. Preheating compressed air flows through an upper feed passage of the central pipe and thence through the hollow sections into a lower discharge passage to be supplied to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine. In this case, the compressed air is heated in cross-countercurrent by a hot gas stream, which flows around the hollow profiles normal to the longitudinal axis of the central tube outside. In unspecified manner rows of hollow profiles are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the central tube in embodiments.

From the DE 36 42 506 A1 is a cube-shaped gas turbine with a profile heat exchanger with multiple central pipes for supply and -Abfuhr of compressed air known communicate with each other via U-shaped projecting hollow profiles whose profile axis is aligned in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas, which flows around the hollow sections. The longitudinal axes of the three parallel central tubes is inclined for this purpose against a longitudinal axis of the gas turbine.

Both solutions are in the exhaust gas flow around the hollow sections still in need of improvement.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved gas turbine with a profile heat exchanger available.

To solve this problem, a gas turbine according to the preamble of claim 1 is further developed by its characterizing features. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

• • durch Neigung der Profilachsen der einzelnen Profile, etwa der großen Halbachsen elliptischer Hohlprofile;
• • durch Neigung der Reihenachse kompletter Hohlprofilreihen; und
• • durch Neigung der Längsachse der Zu- bzw. Abführpassage, insbesondere eines Zentral- bzw. Sammelrohres, mit dem die Hohlprofile verbunden sind.

The inventors have recognized that by reducing the inclination of the hollow profiles against the flow direction of a fluid flowing around them, such as, for example, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine, its deflection can be reduced and thus flow losses can be reduced. Such an inclination of hollow profiles arranged in hollow profile rows is basically possible in various ways:

• • By inclination of the profile axes of the individual profiles, such as the large half-axes of elliptical hollow sections;
• • by inclination of the row axis complete hollow profile rows; and
• • By inclination of the longitudinal axis of the supply and discharge passage, in particular a central or manifold, with which the hollow sections are connected.

According to the invention, it is now essentially proposed to combine two or three of the abovementioned approaches. This allows the simultaneous optimization of various criteria, in particular a small flow deflection through the heat exchanger at the same time reduced flow losses, taking into account constructive boundary conditions, such as the space available for the heat exchanger space.

For this purpose, a gas turbine with a profile heat exchanger on one or more feed passage for supplying a first fluid, in particular compressed air, and one or more discharge passage for the removal of the first fluid. Supply and discharge passage can be defined for example by a common, correspondingly divided pipe or by separate tubes, the longitudinal axes are then preferably oriented substantially parallel.

An inlet and a discharge passage communicate via a plurality of hollow profiles, whose cross-section has an excellent profile axis, for example a large main axis of a lancet-shaped or elliptical profile. The hollow profiles are arranged in the flow direction of a second fluid flowing around them outside, in particular exhaust gas, in hollow profile rows one behind the other, wherein preferably a plurality of hollow profile rows in the axial direction of the supply and discharge passage are arranged one behind the other. The hollow profiles may in particular extend substantially U-shaped between the supply and the discharge passage.

According to the invention, one or more, preferably all row axes, are inclined on one or more different or the same row angles against a normal to a longitudinal axis of the supply and discharge passage, in particular of a corresponding pipe. e. enclose with this longitudinal axis a non-right angle or are not parallel to the normal, but enclose with this an angle which is in a preferred embodiment in a range between 15 ° and 45 °.

On the other hand, in addition, the profile axes of one or more, preferably all hollow profiles to different or the same profile angle, which is in a preferred embodiment in a range between 2 ° and 10 °, preferably in the same direction, ie inclined in the same direction as the inclination of the hollow profile row against the normal to the longitudinal axis of the supply and discharge passage, against the row axis of the respective hollow profile. Additionally or alternatively, the longitudinal axes of one or more, preferably all supply and / or Abführpassagen to different or the same passage angle, which is in a preferred embodiment in a range between 5 ° and 20 °, preferably in the same direction, ie in the same direction as the inclination the hollow profile row against the normal to the longitudinal axis of the supply and discharge passage, inclined against a longitudinal axis of the gas turbine.

In this case, the angles are based on at least one meridional section, which contains the longitudinal axis of the gas turbine, or a development, in particular an intake or discharge passage with the corresponding hollow profile openings.

According to a preferred embodiment, a gas turbine with a profile heat exchanger, a flow deflection, for example, a corresponding outlet housing downstream of a turbine or combustion chamber outlet on, by the second fluid from an axial direction along the longitudinal axis of the gas turbine to a turbine outlet angle partially in the radial direction and on the hollow sections of the profile heat exchanger is directed to flow around them. Additionally or alternatively, a flow deflection, for example, a correspondingly shaped nozzle, be provided downstream of the profile heat exchanger is deflected by the second fluid after flowing around the hollow profiles of the profile heat exchanger by a nozzle inlet angle in a, in particular to the longitudinal axis of the gas turbine substantially parallel direction.

In particular, as a result, a plurality of heat exchanger packets, each with at least one supply and discharge passage and, preferably arranged on both sides of the supply and discharge passage, hollow profiles in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine can be arranged side by side, which advantageously shortens the axial space requirement. Additionally or alternatively, a plurality of heat exchanger packets can also be arranged behind one another in the axial direction of the gas turbine, in order to increase the flowed-through inlet or outlet surface of the heat exchanger.

Series, profile and / or passage angles can be chosen so that a deflection angle of the second fluid through the profile heat exchanger, for example as a result of one of the aforementioned flow deflections, is less than 75 °, in particular less than 60 ° and preferably less than 45 °.

In particular, in order to reduce flow losses and to improve the heat exchange between the first and second fluid, row, profile and / or passage angles are chosen according to a preferred embodiment so that a free flow cross-section between adjacent hollow profiles adjacent hollow profile row has substantially the same size. Additionally or alternatively, cross sections of the hollow profiles and / or distances between adjacent hollow profiles can be selected accordingly.

With particular advantage, the profile heat exchanger is designed as a cross-countercurrent heat exchanger, for example, by flowing compressed air and exhaust gas used for this purpose of the gas turbine in cross-counterflow.

Further features and advantages emerge from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiment. This shows, partially schematized:

1 Cross sections of hollow profiles of a profile heat exchanger of a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

2 an isometric view of the profile heat exchanger with multiple heat exchanger packages.

2 shows in isometric view a profile heat exchanger of a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. This includes two in the axial direction of the gas turbine (from left to right in 2 ) arranged one behind the other rings each comprising five uniformly distributed over the circumference, in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine juxtaposed heat exchanger packages.

Each heat exchanger package has a feed tube 10 and a discharge pipe parallel thereto 20 on, which define a supply passage for supplying compressed air to be heated from the compressor of the gas turbine (not shown) or a discharge passage for the discharge of heated compressed air into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine (not shown).

On both sides of each inlet and Abführrohrpaares extend are U-shaped hollow sections, in 2 are indicated only in their entirety. This includes each hollow profile package 30 a variety of individual hollow profiles 1 , on their order with reference to 1 will be discussed below.

Hot exhaust gases flow out of a turbine or combustion chamber outlet in the axial direction of a longitudinal axis T of the gas turbine (from left to right in FIG 1 . 2 ), by a discharge housing (not shown) partially in the radial direction (vertically in 1 . 2 ) deflected and flow around so the individual hollow sections of the hollow profile packages 30 , Then they are passed through a nozzle (not represented) again in the axial direction parallel to the longitudinal axis T of the gas turbine deflected.

When flowing around, the exhaust gases exchange heat with the compressed air coming from a supply pipe 10 through the U-shaped hollow profiles in the associated discharge pipe 20 flows while being heated.

1 shows in detail cross sections of hollow profiles 1 a hollow profile package 30 , For example, in a settlement of a Zuführohres 10 or a meridional section. One recognizes the individual lancet-shaped hollow profiles 1 , In addition, the parallel to the turbine longitudinal axis T axial inflow v _TA from the turbine outlet, the parallel axial outflow v _D to the nozzle and the intervening deflection of the exhaust gases to a turbine outlet angle β ₁ to the hollow profiles or to a nozzle entry angle β ₂ after flowing through the hollow profile package 30 indicated.

Several hollow sections 1 are in the circumferential direction of an inlet and outlet pipe 10 . 20 one above the other, ie in the flow direction of the exhaust gases behind one another, arranged along a series axis R in a hollow profile row, several hollow profile rows in the axial direction of the gas turbine (from left to right in FIG 1 ) behind each other.

According to the invention, the row axes R are on the one hand against a to a longitudinal axis Z of the supply and discharge pipes 10 . 20 vertical normal Z 'inclined by a row angle α _RZ' = 30 °, whereby the individual hollow profiles are already inclined against a normal to the inflow and outflow v _TA , v _D or longitudinal axis T of the gas turbine normal, ie no deflection takes place by 90 ° ,

In addition, the large semiaxes or profile axes P of the individual hollow profiles 1 in each case by a profile angle α _PR = 6 ° in the same direction, ie even further inclined to the series axes R. This allows free flow cross sections S between adjacent hollow profiles 1 adjacent hollow profile row can be set substantially equal.

In addition, the parallel longitudinal axes Z are the supply and Abführrohe 10 . 20 in the same direction, ie even further inclined by a passage angle α _ZT = 10 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis T of the gas turbine, so that the two heat exchanger packet rings are arranged on the whole truncated cone around the longitudinal axis T of the gas turbine. As a result, the deflection of the exhaust gases can be further reduced.

Turbine outlet or nozzle inlet angle β ₁ , β ₂ thus result cumulatively to β ₁ = β ₂ = 90 ° - α _ZT - α _PR - α _{RZ '} = 44 °, ie less than 45 °.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hollow profile

10

feed

20

discharge pipe

30

Hollow profile package

P

profile axis

R

row axis

S

free flow cross-section between hollow profiles

T

turbine longitudinal axis

Z

pipe axis

Z '

Normal perpendicular to the tube axis

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3146089 C2 [0002]
• DE 3642506 A1 [0003]

Claims (8)

Gas turbine with a profile heat exchanger with at least one feed passage ( 10 ) for supplying a first fluid, in particular compressed air, at least one discharge passage ( 20 ) for removing first fluid, and at least one of a second fluid, in particular exhaust gas, to be flown around the hollow profile row, wherein hollow profiles ( 1 ) of the hollow profile row communicate respectively with the supply and discharge passage, have a profile axis (P) and along a row axis (R) are arranged, which against a normal (Z ') to a longitudinal axis (Z) of the supply and / or discharge passage order a row angle (α _{RZ '} ) is inclined, characterized in that a profile axis (P) of a hollow profile ( 1 ) is inclined against its row axis (R) by a profile angle (α _PR ), and / or that the longitudinal axis (Z) of the supply and / or discharge passage is inclined by a passage angle (α _ZT ) against a longitudinal axis (T) of the gas turbine , Gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized by a flow deflection of the second fluid from an axial direction along the longitudinal axis (T) of the gas turbine in a partially radial direction about a turbine outlet angle (β ₁ ) to a hollow profile row of the profile heat exchanger and / or a flow deflection of the second fluid of a Hollow profile row of the profile heat exchanger to a nozzle inlet angle (β ₂ ) in one, in particular to the longitudinal axis (T) of the gas turbine substantially parallel direction. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a row angle (α _{RZ '} ), a profile angle (α _PR ), a passage angle (α _ZT ), a flow-around cross-section of a hollow profile ( 1 ) and / or a distance between adjacent hollow profiles ( 1 ) are selected so that a free flow cross-section (S) between adjacent hollow profiles ( 1 ) adjacent hollow profile row has substantially the same size. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a row angle (α _{RZ '} ), a profile angle (α _PR ) and / or a passage angle (α _ZT ) are selected such that a deflection angle (β ₁ , β ₂ ) of the second Fluids through the profile heat exchanger is less than 75 °, in particular less than 60 ° and preferably less than 45 °. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a row angle (α _{RZ '} ) is in the range between 15 ° and 45 °, that a profile angle (α _PR ) is in the range between 2 ° and 10 °, and / or that a Passage angle (α _ZT ) is in the range between 5 ° and 20 °. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and / or discharge passage through a pipe ( 10 . 20 ) is defined. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that hollow sections ( 1 ) extend substantially U-shaped between the supply and the discharge passage. Gas turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of heat exchanger packets each having at least one supply and discharge passage ( 10 . 20 ) and, preferably arranged on both sides of the supply and discharge passage, hollow profiles in the axial direction of the gas turbine behind one another and / or in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine are arranged side by side.

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