DE102008047923A1 - Operation i.e. driving operation, optimizing method for e.g. ship, involves presetting driven distance and optimizing driving operation such that loading condition of battery lies on minimum value under consideration of boundary conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

The operation of a vehicle (10) comprising an internal combustion engine (5), an electric motor (6) and a battery (7) for supplying the electric motor (6) is optimized. In this case, the battery (7) can be charged both by the internal combustion engine (5) and by a power supply (15) which is available outside the vehicle (10). Both a target electric range (1), which is to be covered by the vehicle (10) exclusively with the electric motor (6), and a route length (4), which the vehicle (10) from the current location until the next charging of the battery (7) is to be covered are given. Taking into account the boundary conditions predetermined by the target electric range (1) and the route length (4) until the next charging, the operation is optimized so that a state of charge of the battery (7) is substantially at a minimum value when the vehicle (10) Length of the track (4) has covered.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method for optimizing a Operation or driving style of a plug-in hybrid vehicle as well a related display device for a vehicle and a suitably designed vehicle.

hybrid vehicles and in particular plug-in hybrid vehicles, d. H. Hybrid vehicles in which a battery not only from an internal combustion engine of the vehicle, but also charged by an external power grid can be, are known in the art. In one operation of such a hybrid vehicle is usually as long as purely electric driven, d. H. the vehicle is powered only by an electric motor, as long as the state of charge of the battery allows this. Only when the state of charge the battery has a predetermined threshold (near a Minimum value), then the internal combustion engine is connected. This prior art approach is disadvantageous if the vehicle with too low a charge state of the battery driving straight through an area, in which a drive with the internal combustion engine is prohibited, such as this is already the case today in some places in Switzerland.

Therefore the object of the present invention is the operation of a hybrid vehicle, in particular a plug-in hybrid vehicle, compared to the state to improve the technique.

According to the invention this Task by a method for optimizing the operation of a vehicle according to claim 1, a display device for a vehicle according to claim 5 and a vehicle according to claim 7 solved. Define the dependent claims preferred and advantageous embodiments of the present invention.

in the Within the scope of the present invention is a method for optimization an operation or a driving style of a vehicle. In this case, the vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine, an electric motor and a battery to operate the electric motor. The battery is both by the internal combustion engine and by a power supply, which are outside of the vehicle is chargeable (eg general electricity supply), so that the vehicle is a so-called plug-in hybrid vehicle. It is given a desired electric range, which is at a range or route that the vehicle exclusively with the electric motor (ie completely without internal combustion engine and thus completely without exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine) return got to. About that In addition, a route length becomes given, indicating how many kilometers that Vehicle from the current location of the vehicle to a place where the battery of the vehicle is charged, still cover got to. Starting from the nominal electrical range (or the desired range in electric mode) and the route length as constraints to be complied with the operation or the driving style of the vehicle is optimized in such a way that a state of charge of the battery is substantially at a minimum Value is when the vehicle is the default route length to to the next Charging the battery back Has.

Of the above minimum value, which is the state of charge of the battery at the end of the given route length or at the end of the given Travel distance to recharge the battery, is of the type the battery and the operating conditions of the battery. If the battery, for example, not only to supply the electric motor but also for the supply of other electrical equipment in the vehicle (eg an air conditioner), this is minimum Value higher, as if the battery only serves to supply the electric motor. The minimum value is determined so that the battery is not Suffers damage (which is an overly faster Including aging of the battery), when this value is reached.

Under A battery is in the context of the present invention, each rechargeable storage of electrical energy understood. Of course, instead of a battery also be present several batteries, which the Electric motor supply.

That the state of charge of the battery is at this minimum value when the battery is charged by an external power supply, means that the battery is optimally "drained", so that in the charging process optimally recharged a lot of electrical energy can be.

By The specification of the boundary conditions (target electric range and distance) can be functions be controlled in an energy management such that the State of charge of the battery at the beginning of the charging on the minimum Value is, while still taking into account Will that vehicle somewhere on its route until the next charge the battery also a driving distance exclusively with the electric motor return can or must. This is the energy management, when purely electric is driven when the vehicle with both the electric motor and is powered by the internal combustion engine (boosting), and when the Battery is recharged by the internal combustion engine (generator operation).

The Route length can also over a navigation system or a route planning depending on current location of the vehicle and a given destination (the Location where the battery will be charged) become. It is conceivable, for example, that one of the navigation system planned route passes through an environmental zone, in which only electric may be driven. In this case, according to the invention automatically ensured, that the state of charge of the battery when entering the environmental zone is big enough, around the route section planned by the navigation system through the To be able to drive the environmental zone purely electrically. In other words, in In this case, not only the target electric range but also the Time at which the target electric range quasi called is supplied by the navigation system.

For example can be checked according to the invention, whether with the current state of charge of the battery, the target electric range from the vehicle at all overcome can be. If this is not the case, the battery is over the Internal combustion engine during a ride of the vehicle charged until with the then reached State of charge of the battery, the target electric range is to cope. The Charging the battery takes place in any operating condition of the internal combustion engine as long as the internal combustion engine is running Investigations have shown that there is no excellent operating condition of the current internal combustion engine, in which an additional Charging power (to charge the battery) particularly favorable or unfavorable can be generated because this additional power regardless of an operating point of the internal combustion engine always about 180 to 200 g of fuel costs per kilowatt hour.

If on the other hand, the state of charge of the battery is greater than it is to cope the Sollelektroreichweite is necessary, the vehicle during the Ride at least partially driven by the electric motor, as long as the current charge state of the battery, the target electric range can be managed can.

there is called "during a / Ride "understood that at least one of the engines (internal combustion engine or electric motor) in operation. So it is not intended, for example, that the internal combustion engine is started only so that the Battery charge increased becomes (for example, afterwards to master the target electric range).

• • Der aktuelle Ladezustand der Batterie reicht aus, um damit die Sollelektroreichweite zu bewältigen.
• • Der aktuelle Ladezustand der Batterie reicht aber nicht aus, damit das Fahrzeug nur durch den Elektromotor die aktuell verbleibende Fahrstreckenlänge bis zum nächsten Aufladen der Batterie zurücklegen kann.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle is driven while driving by the electric motor and the internal combustion engine, if the following two conditions are met simultaneously:

• • The current state of charge of the battery is sufficient to cope with the target electric range.
• • The current state of charge of the battery is not sufficient, however, so that the vehicle can only cover the current remaining route length until the next time the battery is charged by the electric motor.

Thereby The energy in the battery is in a hybrid mode (The vehicle is from both the engine and the Electric motor driven) purposefully used, which is in terms of the consumption of the internal combustion engine has proved to be better than when the battery first in the pure electric mode up to that for the target electric range necessary charge state is "drained" and in the following mainly with the combustion engine or energy-self-hybrid hybrid continued becomes.

Of the Pure electric mode is always to be chosen, if this is from the driver is explicitly prescribed (because, for example, the internal combustion engine on a certain route may not be operated) or if the specified route length can be covered purely electrically until charging the battery.

With the information about the target electric range can be based on a fixed or In driving mode adapted energy conversion in electric mode, a nominal state of charge be determined on which the battery discharged in hybrid mode or should be loaded. With this nominal charge state z. B. Charging functions such as the generator mode targeted.

The inventive method therefore represents an operating concept for a loading and unloading strategy of a plug-in hybrid vehicle, thereby providing an energy balance of this plug-in hybrid vehicle is optimized so that the energy content of the battery between two network loads (on the external power grid) is used effectively.

• • die Sollelektroreichweite,
• • die Fahrstreckenlänge bis zum nächsten Aufladen der Batterie
• • eine Elektroreichweite, welche das Fahrzeug ausschließlich mit dem Elektromotor zurücklegen kann, und
• • eine Gesamtreichweite des Fahrzeugs, welche das Fahrzeug mit Verbrennungsmotor und dem Elektromotor zurücklegen kann.

In the context of the present invention, a display device for a vehicle is also provided. The display device simultaneously displays the following values graphically:

• • the target electric range,
• • the route length until the next time the battery is charged
• • an electric range, which the vehicle can cover only with the electric motor, and
• • A total range of the vehicle, which can cover the vehicle with internal combustion engine and the electric motor.

With Such a display device, for example, a driver a plug-in hybrid vehicle the most important information presented simultaneously.

there For example, the display device may also include a display on which two semicircular segments are shown, both within one Circle are shown. Located on these two segments each one kilometer scale. It is on one of the segments the target electric range and the electric range are shown together, while on the other segment the route length and the total range are shown together. In this case, this information (target electrical range, Electric range, route length, Total range), for example, by a dash or a pointer within the corresponding segment. Naturally may instead of a semicircular segment also a bar chart or a square (eg, rectangular) segment.

Finally will in the context of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, which is an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, a battery, in order to supply the electric motor, and a control device, to thereby optimize the operation of the vehicle includes. Furthermore the vehicle may include a navigation system. The battery is both by the internal combustion engine and by an external power supply rechargeable. The controller can the target electric range and the route length until the next recharge the battery can be specified. Depending on the target electrical range and the route length the controller optimizes the operation or the driving style of the vehicle, so that the state of charge of the battery is essentially at a minimum Value is when the vehicle has covered the route length and at the Place to charge the battery is located.

The Advantages of the vehicle according to the invention correspond essentially to the advantages of the method according to the invention, which explained in advance in detail were canceled, so here is a repetition.

The The present invention is particularly applicable to plug-in hybrid vehicles can be used, assuming that driving with electricity always significantly cheaper than driving with fuel. Of course it is the present invention is not limited to this preferred application limited, but also for example in aircraft, ships or track-bound vehicles be used if they meet the appropriate conditions (Internal combustion engine and electric motor, externally rechargeable battery) fulfill.

The The present invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments explained in detail with reference to the figures.

In 1 a display of a display device according to the invention is shown.

2 schematically represents a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to the invention.

On the in 1 displayed 16 are the nominal electric range 1 , the electric range 2 , the total range 3 and the route length 4 until the next time the battery is charged. Here are the target electric range 1 and the electric range 2 on an upper semicircular segment 13 shown, which has a kilometer scale ranging from 0 km to 50 km. Similarly, the total range 3 and the route length 4 until the next charge on a lower semicircular segment 14 shown, which has a kilometer scale ranging from 0 km to 500 km. By having the upper semicircular segment with a plug image and the lower semicircular element 14 is connected to an image of a liquid reservoir, the individual information (Sollelektroreichweite 1 , Electric range 2 , Total range 3 and route length 4 ) The viewer intuitively clear, so that on a label of the individual pointer elements for the target electric range 1 , the electric range 2 , the total range 3 and the route length 4 can be waived. In addition, the electric range 2 and the total range 3 again digitally within the circle, which through the upper segment 13 and the lower segment 14 is formed.

In 2 schematically is a plug-in hybrid vehicle according to the invention 10 shown. This hybrid vehicle 10 includes an internal combustion engine 5 , an electric motor 6 , a battery 7 , a controller 8th , a navigation system 9 and a display device 11 , In this case, the display device comprises 11 turn that in 1 shown display 16 , The battery 7 not only from the internal combustion engine 6 but also from an external power supply 15 to be charged.

Via an HMI ("Human Machine Interface", not shown) of the display device 11 can the controller 8th the target electric range and the route length until the next time the battery is charged 7 be specified. In addition, it is possible that the target electric range and the route length until the next charging of the battery 7 from the navigation system 9 be specified. Dependent on these two given values (Target electrical range and route length) determines the controller 8th the operation of the vehicle 10 depending on a state of charge of the battery 7 which the controller 8th constantly recorded.

1

Target electric range

2

Electric range

3

Total reach

4

Route length to to the next charging

5

internal combustion engine

6

electric motor

7

battery

8th

control

9

navigation system

10

vehicle

11

display device

12

circle

13

semicircular segment

14

semicircular segment

15

external power supply

16

display

Claims (9)

Method for optimizing operation of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle ( 10 ) an internal combustion engine ( 5 ), an electric motor ( 6 ) and a battery ( 7 ) for supplying the electric motor ( 6 ) and wherein the battery ( 7 ) by both the internal combustion engine ( 5 ) as well as by an outside of the vehicle ( 10 ) available power supply ( 15 ) is chargeable, characterized in that a target electric range ( 1 ), which of the vehicle ( 10 ) exclusively with the electric motor ( 6 ) is to be covered, that a route length ( 4 ), which the vehicle ( 10 ) from the current location to the next charging of the battery ( 7 ) and that the operation is optimized such that, taking into account 1 ) and the route length ( 4 ) until the next charging specified conditions a state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) is substantially at a minimum value when the vehicle ( 10 ) the route length ( 4 ) has covered. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is determined whether with the state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) the nominal electric range ( 1 ), that if this is not the case, the battery ( 7 ) via the internal combustion engine ( 5 ) while driving the vehicle ( 10 ) is charged until the state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) the nominal electric range ( 1 ) and, if so, the vehicle ( 10 ) while driving at least also by the electric motor ( 6 ), as long as the state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) the target electric range is to be mastered. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that, if the state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) the nominal electric range ( 1 ), the vehicle ( 10 ) while driving by the electric motor ( 6 ) and the internal combustion engine ( 5 ), as long as the state of charge of the battery ( 7 ) is insufficient, the vehicle ( 10 ) solely by the electric motor ( 6 ) the route length ( 4 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nominal electric range ( 1 ) and / or the route length ( 4 ) by means of a navigation system ( 9 ) is / are given. Display device for a vehicle, the display device ( 11 ) is configured such that the display device ( 11 ) graphically represents the following values: • a target electric range ( 1 ), which of the vehicle ( 10 ) exclusively with an electric motor ( 6 ) of the vehicle ( 10 ), • a route length ( 4 ), which the vehicle ( 10 ) from the current location to the next charging of a battery ( 7 ) for supplying the electric motor ( 6 ), an electric range ( 2 ), which exclusively with the electric motor ( 6 ), and • a total range ( 3 ) of the vehicle ( 10 ). Display device according to claim 5, characterized in that the display device ( 11 ) a display ( 16 ) on which two semicircular segments ( 14 . 15 ), which together within a circle ( 12 ) are formed such that on both segments j ( 14 . 15 ) one km scale each is indicated that on one of the segments ( 14 ) the nominal electric range ( 1 ) and the electric range ( 2 ) and that on the other of the segments ( 15 ) the route length ( 4 ) and the total range ( 3 ) are shown. Vehicle with an internal combustion engine ( 5 ), an electric motor ( 6 ), a battery ( 7 ) for supplying the electric motor ( 6 ) and a control device ( 8th ) for optimizing operation of the vehicle ( 10 ), whereby the battery ( 7 ) by both the internal combustion engine ( 5 ) as well as by an outside of Vehicle ( 10 ) available power supply ( 15 ) is chargeable, characterized in that the controller ( 8th ) a desired electric range ( 1 ), which of the vehicle ( 10 ) exclusively with the electric motor ( 6 ) is that the controller ( 8th ) a route length ( 4 ) can be predetermined, which the vehicle ( 10 ) from the current location to the next charging of the battery ( 7 ) and that the controller ( 8th ) is configured such that the controller ( 8th ) the operation is optimized in such a way that, taking into account the target electrical range ( 1 ) and the route length ( 4 ) until the next time you charge the battery ( 7 ) is substantially at a minimum value when the vehicle ( 10 ) the route length ( 4 ) has covered. Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the vehicle ( 10 ) is configured for carrying out a method according to any one of claims 1-4. Vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the vehicle ( 10 ) a display device ( 11 ) according to claim 5 or 6 and / or a navigation system ( 9 ).