DE102008039374A1 - Lautering process for producing a wort, comprises introducing a mash into a filter vessel, pressure filtering the mash through filter rods, which are arranged in the filter vessel, and discharging the wort from the filter rods - Google Patents

Abstract

The lautering process comprises introducing a mash into a filter vessel (1), pressure filtering the mash through filter rods (2a, 2b, 2c), which are arranged in the filter vessel, and discharging the wort from the filter rods. A draff layer forms on the surface of the filter rods and serves as filter layer. The discharged wort is recirculated as turbid wort in a circuit in the filter vessel until the discharged wort reaches a predetermined bright smoothness. After reaching the predetermined bright smoothness, the gas pressure is increased in the filter vessel. The lautering process comprises introducing a mash into a filter vessel (1), pressure filtering the mash through filter rods (2a, 2b, 2c), which are arranged in the filter vessel, and discharging the wort from the filter rods. A draff layer forms on the surface of the filter rods and serves as filter layer. The discharged wort is recirculated as turbid wort in a circuit in the filter vessel until the discharged wort reaches a predetermined bright smoothness. After reaching the predetermined bright smoothness, the gas pressure is increased in the filter vessel, so that the first wort is pressurized and discharged in the filter rods. After lautering the first wort, the filter vessel is filled once with sparging water and the water is pressurized and discharged into the filter vessel through the filter rods by a negative pressure for generating a second wort. The filter rods have an external thread layer, on which the draff layer binds, where the draff is blasted off from the thread layer by a pressure backward thrust at the end of the lautering process and is delivered from the filter vessel. The wort is combined in the filter rods over a register outlet (3). A filter tube is arranged in the thread layer, where the wort laterally passes through the thread layer and the filter tube, is downwardly guided into the filter tube and rises from the filter tube towards the top through a rising tube. A mash circulation occurs in the filter vessel before the lautering process, where the mash is removed from the vessel, heated and again supplied to the vessel. The lautering process is carried out in the closed filter vessel under the exclusion of air.

Description

The The invention relates to a refining method for Making wort.

At the At the end of the mashing process, the mash consists of an aqueous Mixture of dissolved and unresolved Substances.

The aqueous solution The extractives is called wort, the unresolved Parts are called grains. The Marc are essentially from the husks, the seedlings and other substances that are mashing not in solution walk. For the beer production is only used the seasoning for this Purpose possible Completely must be separated from the haulers. This separation process is called lautering. The lautering is a filtration process in which the grains take over the role of the filter material. The lecturing takes place in two phases, which are separated one after the other: - the process the wort, - washing the spent grains (infusions).

So far, the refining is done mainly via lauter tuns. 8th shows here a mash tun 22 , from which finished mash to the lauter tun 19 is directed. The lauter tun has a false bottom through which the wort can be separated. In terms of clarification and separation, one can speak here of a falling pressure filtration, similar to a coffee filter. The drainage of the wort is therefore natural gradient. This conventional method has the disadvantage that it is very time consuming. The conventional lauter tun needs a lot of space and is technologically disadvantageous.

Of these, The present invention is based on the object, a refining process for Making wort provide that compared to the prior art time-saving is, can be done in a smaller device and beyond Minimize oxygen exposure.

According to the invention this Problem solved by the features of claim 1.

Under Introducing mash into a filter kettle can be understood on the one hand be that the filter kettle with already finished saccharified Mash from a mashing facility, such as a mash tun, filled is to refine this finished mash or with mash, this means filled with a mixture of grist and brewing water, which is initially in the Filter kettle is still subjected to a mashing process.

By the pressure filtration can the refining process be significantly accelerated. The pressure for the pressure filtration can z. B. by increasing the internal pressure (eg., By feeding a gas) are generated in the filter vessel, so that the wort is pressed into the filter rods and from the filter rods can be derived. However, the pressure can also be controlled by a pump be produced, the seasoning from the filter tank into the filter candles draws or pushes and derives from these. The refining method according to the invention allows a Reduction of the enclosed space of a corresponding Lauter device at least 40-60%. The refining process according to the invention allows a high filter capacity and therefore also by arranging several filter rods a high brewing sequence. The inventive method can with a simple device without rotating parts (eg chopping machine) will be realized. In the invention, finer shot as in Läuterbottichen commonly used become. This results in a better yield.

At the surface the filter rods A spent grain layer forms, which additionally serves as a filter layer. At the beginning of the refining process becomes the derived wort as cloudy wort in the Filter boiler returned in the circulation, until the derived seasoning has reached a predetermined brightness. Because at the beginning of the refining process the cloudy wort in the circulation can be pumped thus the grains to the filter rods be washed ashore to form a filter layer.

If then a certain clarity is achieved, the explanation of the Wort, by preferably increasing the gas pressure in the filter vessel, so that the first wort pressed into the filter rods and is derived. In this case, for example, an inert gas from above be directed into the filter vessel.

To the lecturing the wort The filter kettle can at least once with Tail water filled be, with the water to produce the Nachgüsse by an overpressure is pressed and discharged through the filter rods in the filter vessel. The overpressure in the filter vessel can here again by supplying a fluid, Gas, in particular an inert gas can be realized.

According to one preferred embodiment have the filter rods an outer fabric layer in the form of a fabric jacket on which the spent grain layer attaches, at the end of the refining process by a pressure recoil the Marc blasted from the fabric layer and discharged from the filter vessel become. The pressure recoil can be compressed air, Gas or liquid (water or cleaning fluid) respectively.

Advantageously, the filtered wort from the filter rods via a register expiration to summarized.

According to one preferred embodiment arranged in the fabric layer at least one filter tube, wherein the seasoning through the fabric layer and the at least one filter tube laterally, in which at least one filter tube is directed down and from there by a riser rises and is derived. Due to the central Filtratablauf at the bottom of the entire Boiler contents down to the lower area due to overpressure empty in the filter kettle become.

It is possible, too, that in the filter tank before the actual refining a mash circuit takes place, with mash heated and about one external heat exchanger is fed in the circuit to the filter vessel. Thus, mashing can and lautering be made in a filter kettle, which saves a considerable amount of time brings with it. In particular, no pumping of a device for Mashing in a lautering device necessary.

It is particularly advantageous when the Läuterverfahren under exclusion of air is performed in a closed filter vessel, in particular degassed Water is used to wash out the spent grains. Thus, taste-damaging oxidations be avoided.

The The present invention will be described below with reference to the following Figures closer explained.

1 shows a roughly schematic longitudinal section through an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention.

2 shows a roughly schematic longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a refining device for performing the refining process according to the invention.

3 shows a section along the line II of 1 and 2 ,

4a schematically shows a longitudinal section through a filter rod 2 ,

4b schematically shows a cross section through the in 4a shown filter rod.

5a schematically shows a cross section of another embodiment of a filter rod having a plurality of tubes and a fabric layer.

5b shows a longitudinal section through the in 5a shown embodiment.

6 schematically shows the bursting of the spent grain layer of the in 5 shown filter rod.

7a to 7i show schematically the course of a refining process according to the invention.

1 shows the essential components of an apparatus for performing the refining process according to the invention. The refining device has a filter vessel 1 on, which preferably tapers in the lower area. The filter kettle 1 has a lower boiler area and a lid 11a , with which the lower area can be sealed pressure-tight. Optionally, at the bottom of an insulation or heating 11b be provided. Inside the filter bowl 1 are several filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c vertically, arranged parallel to each other. The filter rods have at least one filter tube 20 (please refer 4a , b) on, by the wort into the interior of the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c penetrates and is diverted upward. To this end, as in particular from 3 indicates the Filtratauslassbereiche in a register sequence 3 . 4 , Due to the register sequence can in the filter tank 1 Mash through the register to the top of the filter bowl 1 to step. Here the filtrate discharges of the filter rods open 2a . 2 B . 2c first in one of several parallel lines 3 which then turn into a common line 4 lead. This line 4 then flows into the derivative 7 that with a lead 14 in order to supply the filtrate, ie the wort, for example, to a preliminary vessel or a wort kettle. Next is the derivative 7 also with a return line 8th connected, over the wort back into the filter kettle 1 via a pump 6 through the supply line 5 can be performed. In addition, as in 1 shown is a feeder 9 for mash, which is conveyed for example by a mashing device, such as a mash tun. Furthermore, the device has a gas connection 10 on, over the closed filter kettle 1 Gas, in particular inert gas, for increasing the pressure in the filter vessel 1 can be supplied. At conical lower part extends at least one of the filter rods 2 essentially to the bottom of the filter vessel 1 , where the distance between the lower end of the filter rod 1 and the floor is at most 40-80 mm. At the bottom of the kettle 1 is a device 16 for discharging the spent grains, such as a slide provided. On level ground there are filter rods of the same length. The Austrebern then z. B over a swinging floor. For emptying larger boilers, it may be necessary to design a so-called "cup" for at least one filter rod, ie a depression below the filter rod on the bottom of the vessel, in order to ensure total emptying. The filter rod protrudes into the "cup". Furthermore, this filter rod should have a separate Filtratabführung, so when blanking with Gas, this does not break through at the other filter rods.

At the in 1 The apparatus already shown saccharified mash is introduced into the filter vessel. The device serves as a filter for refining.

According to another embodiment, as in 2 can be shown, however, via the feed 9 also shot of the grist mill, or in the form of mash from the wet grist mill, on the pump 6 and the supply line 5 at the bottom of the filter kettle 1 be supplied, in which case before the actual refining a mashing process in the filter vessel 1 is carried out. For this purpose, at least one mash discharge is preferably in the upper region of the filter vessel 12 provided, the mash from the filter kettle 1 dissipates. The mash is through an external heat exchanger 13 passed, the mash z. B. warms up to 78 ° C. It is also possible to produce cooking mashes, whereby the cooking mash is heated up to 100 ° C. The heating medium (eg water) for the heat exchanger can be supplied by an energy store (stratified storage). The heat exchanger can be, for example, a tube heat exchanger which heats the mash extremely gently and with exclusion of oxygen. Circulation pumping during the mashing process replaces the otherwise required mash agitator and at the same time speeds up the biochemical reactions. The heated mash can then in the mash cycle again via the supply line 5 into the filter kettle 1 be pumped back. Again, there is a derivation for the Läuterwürze 14 intended. This is located here after the heat exchanger, but just as well above the heat exchanger, as in 1 is shown to be provided.

The 4a and 4b show a possible embodiment of the filter rods. A filter rod has a filter tube 20 on, which is formed of a slotted, perforated or split tube, and having gap widths with a width of 1-2 mm.

The filter tube 20 is closed at its lower end. In the filter tube 20 is the riser 21 provided, which is open at the bottom, so that filtered wort can rise to the top. To the filter tube 20 is a fabric layer 17 , here a fabric sheath, provided. The fabric layer is z. B. made of nylon or a VA membrane and has a gap width of 0.2-0.8 mm. To the filter tube 20 or the tissue layer 17 deposits during the filtration of spent grains, which serves as an additional filter layer. The wort occurs during filtration through the spent grain layer 15 , which serves as a filter layer, as well as the fabric layer 17 into the interior of the filter tube 20 and flows down as shown by the arrows. Through the opening in the lower part of the riser 21 can the wort, as shown by the arrows, in the riser 21 up from the filter rod 2 flow out. The riser 21 is then, as previously described, with a corresponding line 3 connected to derive the wort. The wort and the Nachgüsse are therefore guided in the central tube from bottom to top, so that the boiler can be completely emptied after the wort or the Nachguss with gas pressure.

As in 5 can also be shown several filter tubes 20a . 20b . 20c in a filter rod 2 be summarized and of a fabric layer 17 be surrounded. In the same way as in connection with 4 described during filtration, the wort passes through the spent grain layer 15 , the tissue layer 17 as well as the individual filter tubes 20a . 20 . 20c , then flows inside the filter tubes 20a . 20b . 20c down and climbs over the riser 21 up.

The fabric layer 17 it is intended that at the end of the refining process (eg after drying the spent grains, with gas, eg air, inert gas, CO _{2 being passed} through the filter rods), the adhering grains 15 , in particular in 6 is shown, can be blasted off by a pressure recoil. In this case, a fluid, for. As air, inert gas, water, cleaning fluid, etc., against the arrow through the riser 21 encountered and kicked through the filter fabric. The filter fabric inflates shock-like and creates longitudinal cracks in the adhering grain and hurls it from the side.

The filter rods may have a length of about 2 m to 5 m. The diameter of a filter rod (without spent grain) is in a range of 40 to 80 mm in total, depending on the required power 3 to 100 filter rods in the filter tank 1 to be ordered. The safety distance between two filter rods should be 200 mm to 400 mm. The filter bowl diameter is between 500-5000 mm, depending on the size and number of filter rods. The grain layer is 6 cm to 15 cm and allows a faster clarification than in the lauter tun, in which the grain layer is 60-120 cm. Also, the washing out of the grains is accelerated and much smoother. The filter pressure (overpressure on the filter) during filtration is preferably 20-50 mbar, whereby a pressure of up to 3 bar can prevail in the boiler.

The refining method according to the invention is described below with reference to FIG 7a to 7i explained in more detail.

The actual refining process begins at 7c , As described above, either be the ready saccharified mash is ready for the filter kettle 1 about the feed 9 be supplied. However, the mashing process can also, especially in the 7a and 7b shown in the device that is, the filter vessel 1 be performed. For this purpose, the grist is mashed with brewing water and the pump 6 over the supply line 5 in the cauldron 1 initiated until it is completely filled. About the line 12 . 8th , Heat exchanger 13 , Pump 6 and feed 5 the mash is recycled. The mash is in the heat exchanger 13 heated up to 78 ° C (or for cooking mash to 100 ° C). The valve 24 is closed, so that pumping does not have the filter rods 2a . 2 B 2c he follows. By pumping an acceleration of the enzymatic reactions during mashing is expected. For decoction mashes, a relatively small vessel (not shown) is required to treat the cooking mash, which can be heated via the same heat exchanger. The mash will then, as in 7b shown until iodine normal pumped in the circulation.

Then follow as in 7c shown, the actual refining process. Instead of the device as used in the 7g to 7i shown here, as well as the device, as in 1 is shown, are used, in which case already finished saccharified mash, for example from a mash tun, via the supply line 5 into the filter kettle 1 is introduced until the filter kettle 1 filled with mash. If a heat exchanger is provided, a bypass line (not shown) may also be provided for the wort in order to bypass the heat exchanger. Is a heat exchanger without bypass line provided the mash from this in advance z. B. be pushed out with water or gas. Now the valve is 24 opened (if necessary, the valve 25 reduced or closed if available). Also the valve 26 is still closed, with the valve 27 is open. Thus, the filter circuit via the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c ... respectively. The wort is over the pump 6 in the circulation through the lines 7 . 8th to the inlet 5 into the filter kettle 1 pumped. The seasoning occurs, as in connection with the 3 was described by the filter rods. Initially, the wort still a strong cloudiness, so that one speaks of cloudy spice. When pumping the wort in the cycle, a spent grain layer serving as a filter layer is deposited on the surface of the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c , ... off. The turbid wort derived from the filter rods is pumped in the circulation until the derived wort has reached a predetermined brightness. This is determined for example by a haze meter. In order to evenly sprinkle the grapevines, it can be optional in the upper part of the boiler 1 a bypass line 91 be provided in the line in front of the pump 6 leads to a sufficient flow along the filter rods 2a . 2 B upwards and thus to achieve a uniform flooding of spent grains on the filter rods.

When sufficient clarity is achieved, the initial wort can with gas pressure from the boiler 1 be removed, as in 7d is shown. This is the valve 26 opened and gas, preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen, from above into the filter vessel 1 initiated, reducing the gas pressure in the filter vessel 1 increases. The wort is then due to the increased gas pressure, as related to 3 was shown through the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c pressed and can over the derivatives 7 and 14 with open valves 24 . 45 be derived and fed to a flow vessel or a wort kettle. valves 27 . 50 are closed. Due to the inflowing gas a large part of the wort is extracted (more than 60%), much more than the lauter tun. Optionally, there is still a particle trap in the derivative 14 arranged if necessary. As in 7e So the boiler is shown empty.

Then, as in particular 7f indicating to wash out the spent grains of the cauldron 1 in particular via the supply line 5 with the valve open 50 completely filled with sprinkling water. The sprinkling water can be a degassed water. The sprinkling water can z. B. also be provided with trub or smooth water or other additives. The boiler can also be filled via a separate supply line (not shown). At the same time the valve becomes 26 opened so that the gas pressure can escape or is stacked. valves 24 . 25 . 26 . 45 can be open. Valve 27 can be closed. The kettle 1 is completely filled with sprinkling water. As in particular from 7g shows, is the valve 26 closed. Now, how will 7h shows, again the pressure in the filter vessel 1 increased by the valve 26 is opened and gas in the filter tank 1 is passed, so that the sprinkling water, as previously described, through the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c pressed and over the wires 7 . 14 is derived. The refills can also be fed into a supply vessel or into a wort kettle. It becomes the filter kettle 1 supplied gas until all the sprinkling water from the filter tank 1 over the filter rods 2a . 2 B . 2c was displaced. If necessary, the steps become 7f to 7h repeated. If the wort falls below a certain extract content, it is then z. B. directed into a smooth water tank.

For drying the grains 15 can still gas (eg inert gas or air) are passed through the filter rods.

At the end of the refining process, the gas pressure z. B. via the valve 26 drained (see 7i ). Via a pressure line 40 will (here on the lines 3 as well as the riser 21 ) the filter rods 2a . 2 B jerkily a fluid, preferably compressed air supplied, so that, as in connection with the 3 to 6 shown the grains from the surface of the filter rods 2a . 2 B can be blasted off. These fall to the ground and can through the discharge device for Marc 16 from the kettle 1 be discharged.

Around To save inert gas when emptying the wort or recasts first pour in a small amount of inert gas and then on compressed air be converted, but then derived separately from the wort becomes.

The refining process preferably takes place in a closed filter vessel 1 under inert gas to improve the quality of the beer wort and the later produced beer. For a more efficient process, the wort could be in the heat exchanger 13 be heated up to 100 ° C, and here again, the energy in the form of hot water (about 96-100 ° C) can be used from the energy storage. Thus, primary energy (steam, high-pressure hot water) is saved when heating the lauter wort in the wort pan.

Claims (10)

Purification process for the production of wort with the following steps: - introduction of mash into a filter vessel ( 1 ), - pressure filtration of the mash through filter rods ( 2a , b, c) in the filter vessel ( 1 ) are arranged and - deriving the wort from the filter rods ( 2a , b, c). Läuterverfahren according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the filter rods ( 2a , b, c) forms a spent grain layer, which additionally serves as a filter layer. Läuterverfahren according to at least one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the derived wort as turbid wort in the circulation in the filter vessel ( 1 ) is returned until the derived wort has reached a predetermined brightness. Läuterverfahren according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in particular after reaching a certain purity, in the filter vessel ( 1 ) the gas pressure is increased so that the wort in the filter rods ( 2a , b, c) is pressed and discharged. Läuterverfahren according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that after clarifying the Vorwürze the filter kettle ( 1 ) is filled at least once with sprinkling water, and the water for generating the Nachgüsse by an overpressure in the filter vessel through the filter rods ( 2a , b, c) is pressed and discharged. Läuterverfahren according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filter rods ( 2a , b, c) an outer fabric layer ( 17 ) at which the spent grain layer ( 15 ) at the end of the refining process by a pressure recoil the spent grains of the tissue layer ( 15 ) and blown out of the filter vessel ( 1 ). Läuterverfahren according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wort in the filter rods ( 2a , b, c) via a register sequence ( 3 . 4 ) is summarized. Lining method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the fabric layer ( 17 ) at least one filter tube ( 20 ), wherein the wort through the fabric layer ( 17 ) and the at least one filter tube passes laterally, in the at least one filter tube ( 20 ) is directed downwards, from there through a riser ( 21 ) rises and is discharged. Lining method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the filter vessel ( 1 ) before the Läuterverfahren a mash circuit takes place, with mash from the boiler ( 1 ), heated and again the boiler ( 1 ) is supplied. fining according to at least one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the refining process in the closed Filterkessel is carried out under exclusion of air.