DE102008037576A1 - Computer-aided process for optimizing energy use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a computer-aided method for monitoring, controlling and optimizing the use of energy in a system comprising mobile energy sources, a power grid, a stationary power supplier connected to the power grid, energy consumers connected to the power grid and also fixed docking stations for mobile energy sources connected to the power grid. The system is controlled by autonomous agents, which have a representative role in relation to the components of the system. The agents, which are assigned to the fixed energy supplier and the mobile energy sources, negotiate among themselves the times and the amount of energy to be exchanged and then, if necessary, with the involvement of further agents, provide the necessary regulation of the energy transmission.

Description

The The invention relates to a computer-aided method for monitoring, Including control and optimization of energy usage in a system at least one mobile energy source, one energy network, one at the energy network connected fixed energy supplier, one or more energy consumers connected to the power grid and a stationary docking station connected to the power grid for mobile energy sources.

nowadays becomes the electrical energy for the supply of households almost completely from the power companies (eg EnBW, Vattenfall etc.). The injection of energy happens in the public electricity network in the private environment only a small percentage. They are mostly isolated Biogas and photovoltaic plants, which make this feed. The regenerative electricity generated in this way must be used in Germany by the Energy suppliers bought at a fixed price fixed by the state become. The electricity, which is produced by power stations, becomes the European Electricity Exchange EEX in Leipzig. There one differentiates in principle long-term contracts, which ensure universal service and short-term trade, the so-called spot market. On this spot market, the megawatt hours which is still in reserve with the operators of the power plants are and still may be from the power companies be used because the power demand is not completely predicted but can always be balanced with the power delivery must, otherwise the energy supply collapses. There are in the Environment of renewable energies such. B. solar energy, efforts Save energy when it is not needed or when too much is produced to deliver it then, if due to the conditions not enough can be produced. In particular, salt melts are here used, which the recorded or produced heat save and release at a later time. In the field of wind turbines or Photovoltai kanlagen be corresponding plants shut down if the electricity produced is not is needed or he just gets lost.

A research project of the "Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization" (CSIRO) deals with the avoidance of peak loads through measures of energy saving with different agents (see also http://www.ict.csiro.au/page.php?did=182 ). In this case, however, the direct consumption is reduced in a system, but there is no redistribution of the load. The regulation is therefore accompanied by a restriction of consumption.

About that In addition, in the context of electric vehicles is known that with a client-server architecture z. B. Owners of PHEVs ("plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ") can define parameters then as a default for charging the car battery (V2Green Inc., Seattle, USA - "Smart Charging "and Vehicle-to-Grid Services). The charging process a vehicle connected to the power grid becomes central coordinated by the grid operator, so that the total load of the Power distribution over time better. The product the V2Green also sees services for the loading and unloading process before, so that vehicles not only as an "energy buffer" but also can be used as an energy source for the grid. However, the control of the processes can not be decentralized or on the spot, but closes always the network operator, such. For example, in a field trial the Seattle City Light, with one.

The The object of the present invention is a method which is a distributed, flexible Energy management allows. It's supposed to be an optimization the use of energy and in particular a smoothing of the load curve when Energy consumption can be achieved in a system. Further tasks and advantages will be apparent from the following.

• – eine mobile Energie-Quelle,
• – ein Energie-Netz, wobei es sich bei der Energie vorzugsweise um Strom handelt und wobei es sich beim Energie-Netz vorzugsweise um das öffentliche Stromnetz handelt,
• – einen an das Energie-Netz angeschlossenen ortsfesten Energieversorger, wobei unter Energieversorger ein Energieversorgungsunternehmen und/oder eine Infrastruktur beinhaltend Mittel zur Leitung von Energie und/oder zur Produktion von Energie zu verstehen ist, wobei es sich bei der Energie vorzugsweise um Strom handelt und wobei es sich bei den Mitteln zur Produktion von Energie vorzugsweise um Kraftwerke handelt,
• – einen oder mehrere an das Energie-Netz angeschlossene Energie-Verbraucher, und
• – eine an das Energie-Netz angeschlossene ortsfeste Andock-Station für mobile Energie-Quellen,

wobei das Verfahren zumindest die folgenden Schritte aufweist (wobei die Reihenfolge nicht gezwungenermaßen der angegebenen entsprechen muss):

• a) Bereitstellen von mindestens drei Agenten, wobei
• – mindestens ein Agent (Car Agent, CA) auf einem Computer ausgeführt wird, der einer mobilen Energie-Quelle zugeordnet ist, und
• – mindestens ein Agent (Station Agent, SA) auf einem Computer ausgeführt wird, der einer Andock-Station zugeordnet ist,
• – mindestens ein Agent (Energieversorger Agent, EA) auf einem skalierbaren Computersystem ausgeführt wird, welches über eine Schnittstelle mit der Andock-Station verbunden ist, wobei es sich beim skalierbaren Computersystem auch um mehrer verteilte Computer handeln kann, die über Schnittstellen und/oder ein Netzwerk verbunden sind,
• b) Berechnung einer Prognose des Energiebedarfs der Energie-Verbraucher sowie Festlegung der benötigten Energiemengen und der Zeitpunkte zu denen diese Energiemengen zur Deckung des Energiebedarfs der Energie-Verbraucher benötigt werden, wobei die Informationen zu den festgelegten Energiemengen und Zeitpunkten und/oder davon abgeleitete Informationen an den EA übermittelt oder von diesem berechnet werden, wobei die Prognose des Energiebedarfs vorzugsweise den Verlauf des Energiebedarfs über die Zeit darstellt,
• c) Berechnung einer Prognose des Energiebedarfs des Nutzers der mobilen Energie-Quelle, sowie Festlegung der benötigten Energiemengen und der Zeitpunkte zu denen diese Energiemengen zur Deckung des Energiebedarfs des Nutzers benötigt werden, wobei die Informationen zu den festgelegten Energiemengen und Zeitpunkten und/oder davon abgeleitete Informationen an einen Agenten (Deputy Car Agent, DCA) übermittelt werden, der auf dem skalierbaren Computersystem ausgeführt wird, wobei die Prognose des Energiebedarfs vorzugsweise den Verlauf des Energiebedarfs über die Zeit darstellt,
• d) Herstellung einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen dem DCA und einem Agenten (Marktplatz Manager Agent, MMA), der auf dem skalierbaren Computersystem ausgeführt wird,
• e) Herstellung einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen EA und MMA,
• f) Bereitstellung eines Interaktions-Protokolls durch den MMA,
• g) Interaktion des EA mit dem DCA gemäß Interaktions-Protokoll, wobei auf der Grundlage von zumindest den Informationen zu den Energiemengen und Zeitpunkten aus b) und/oder c) oder den davon abgeleiteten Informationen eine Festlegung erfolgt von zumindest:
• – einer Energiemenge, die von der mobilen Energie-Quelle zur Deckung des Energiebedarfs der Energie-Verbraucher ins Energie-Netz übertragen werden soll oder
• – einer Energiemenge, die zur Deckung des Energiebedarfs des Nutzers der mobilen Energie-Quelle aus dem Energie-Netz an die mobile Energie-Quelle übertragen werden soll, und
• – dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Energiemenge übertragen werden soll,
• h) Andocken der mobilen Energie-Quelle an die Andock-Station und Regelung der Übertragung der festgelegten Energiemenge von der mobilen Energie-Quelle ins Energie-Netz oder umgekehrt vorzugsweise durch den SA zum festgelegten Zeitpunkt.

The object is achieved by an inventive method according to claim 1. It is preferably a computer-aided method for optimizing the use of energy in a system comprising at least:

• - a mobile energy source,
• An energy network, the energy preferably being electricity and the energy network preferably being the public electricity network,
• A fixed power supplier connected to the power grid, said power utility being understood to mean an energy supply company and / or an infrastructure comprising means for conducting energy and / or producing energy, the energy preferably being electricity and the means for producing energy are preferably power plants,
• - one or more energy consumers connected to the energy network, and
• A fixed docking station for mobile energy sources connected to the power grid,

the method comprising at least the following steps (wherein the order does not necessarily have to correspond to the specified one):

• a) providing at least three agents, wherein
• - At least one agent (Car Agent, CA) on egg a computer associated with a mobile power source, and
• At least one agent (station agent, SA) is executed on a computer which is assigned to a docking station,
• - At least one agent (energy supplier agent, EA) is executed on a scalable computer system, which is connected via an interface with the docking station, wherein the scalable computer system can also be multi-distributed computer, via interfaces and / or a Network are connected,
• b) calculating a forecast of the energy needs of the energy consumers and determining the amounts of energy needed and the times at which these amounts of energy are needed to meet the energy needs of the energy consumers, the information on the set amounts of energy and times and / or information derived therefrom the EA may be transmitted or calculated by the EA, the forecast of the energy demand preferably representing the course of the energy requirement over time,
• c) calculation of a forecast of the energy demand of the user of the mobile energy source, and determination of the required amounts of energy and the times at which these amounts of energy to meet the energy needs of the user are needed, the information on the specified amounts of energy and times and / or derived Information is transmitted to an agent (Deputy Car Agent, DCA), which is executed on the scalable computer system, wherein the forecast of the energy demand preferably represents the course of the energy demand over time,
• d) establishment of a communication link between the DCA and an agent (Marketplace Manager Agent, MMA) running on the scalable computer system,
• e) establishing a communication link between EA and MMA,
• f) provision of an interaction protocol by the MMA,
• g) interaction of the EA with the DCA according to the interaction protocol, wherein on the basis of at least the information on the amounts of energy and times from b) and / or c) or the information derived therefrom a definition of at least:
• - An amount of energy that is to be transferred from the mobile energy source to meet the energy needs of energy consumers in the power grid or
• - An amount of energy that is to be transferred from the energy network to the mobile energy source to meet the energy needs of the user of the mobile energy source, and
• - the time at which the amount of energy is to be transferred,
• h) docking the mobile energy source to the docking station and regulating the transmission of the fixed amount of energy from the mobile energy source to the power grid, or vice versa, preferably by the SA at the designated time.

Prefers is the order of steps given above, with the order of steps a), b) and c) and optionally f) with one another as desired can be. However, the order of the steps can also be arbitrary it being preferred then that the order of the steps a), b) c) and optionally f) is arbitrary with one another, at least a) (preferably also b) and c)) but before steps d) and e) and steps d), e) and optionally f) are arbitrary in their order, but these before the steps g) and h) are carried out and wherein steps g) and h) are carried out in the order g), h) and in addition, where is the order Apart from the rules mentioned, preferably according to the ABC is done.

The The present invention describes a technical possibility the implementation of energy trading with mobile energy sources. Preferably, one or more of the mobile ones are involved Energy sources around energy storage, especially batteries, taking one or more of the mobile energy sources preferably parts of vehicles, in particular of electric vehicles and / or Hybrid vehicles. In this document is under the terms "vehicle", "car", "electric car", "electric vehicle" or "battery" next the meaning of the words in addition or alternatively (and / or) understood also any mobile energy source become. Accordingly, under "load" also common supplying energy to the mobile energy source and under "discharge" generally the release of energy to understand from the mobile energy source. In the following versions the mobile energy source is exemplified as a vehicle, whose battery is used as an energy supplier. It will load or unload the vehicle via a docking station.

The invention provides an (energy) marketplace that connects supply and demand for energy at docking stations for mobile power sources. This energy trading platform forms the basis for the system according to the invention. On the platform, it is possible to act according to various auction and trading principles energy preferably in the form of Energiepa keten. This is done by the mentioned agents according to a suitable interaction protocol, which allows the implementation of the desired trading principle or auction principle. The interaction protocol is provided by an agent (Marketplace Manager Agent, MMA) on the marketplace platform (Scalable Computer System). The MMA acts as an interface between the individual providers and buyers in the marketplace.

• – ein Auktions-Protokoll,
• – ein Contract Net Protokoll, oder ein anderes Angebot-Nachfrage-Protokoll,
• – ein Iterated Contract Net Protokoll,
• – ein FIPA-English-Auction Protokoll,
• – ein FIPA-Dutch-Auction Protokoll.

An above-mentioned method is particularly advantageous if the interaction protocol is one of the following protocols:

• - an auction log,
• - a Contract Net Protocol, or other supply-demand protocol,
• An Iterated Contract Net protocol,
• - a FIPA English Auction Protocol,
• - a FIPA Dutch auction protocol.

Especially if a method according to the invention is then preferred if the MMA has several different interaction protocols features. Any provider or buyer (DCA and / or CA and / or EA) in the marketplace may preferably be the interaction protocol to use choose yourself. However, it may also be preferred that the MMA selects the interaction protocol.

Of the Marketplace (Energy Marketplace, Marketplace Platform) consists of a scalable computer system on which a multi-agent system as Base is running. This computer system is via an interface connected to the stations. Alternatively, it may be at the Computers that are assigned to the stations are scalable Computer system, d. H. act the marketplace platform. As mentioned, puts the marketplace and / or the MMA over the insert of interaction protocols preferably several market mechanisms, z. Different auction types like Dutch Auction, English auction and fixed price offers with appointment binding available. There are special agents on the Energy Marketplace the interests of the energy providers (energy supply companies, mobile energy sources etc.). That is, they are in their place, offers in relation to energy purchasing or to make or accept energy sales. Every docking station is represented by its own agent, the station agent (SA). The docking stations preferably communicate via a secure internet connection with the marketplace. The SA can act as a representative for the cars, which connected to exactly this station and their free capacity the power plant operators or other energy suppliers put. The SA can then submit offers for energy packages, representative of the connected cars. The cars (or other mobile energy sources) can also be self act on the marketplace and are then by a separate agent represented. This can either be the agent who is assigned to the mobile energy source (Car Agent, CA) or it can be another agent that owns the CA and / or represents the user of the mobile energy source in the marketplace. One Agent representing a mobile energy source in the marketplace, should be referred to in this document as Deputy Car Agent (DCA).

• – den CA, wobei der CA zuvor auf das skalierbare Computersystem transferiert wird,
• – den SA,
• – einen weiteren Agenten, der auf dem skalierbaren Computersystem erstellt wird und/oder

wenn es sich beim MMA um den SA handelt, wobei es sich beim Computer, der der Andock-Station zugeordnet ist, vorzugsweise um das skalierbare Computersystem oder einen Teil davon handelt.An above-mentioned method is therefore preferred if the DCA is one of the following:

• The CA, with the CA previously transferred to the scalable computer system,
• - the SA,
• - Another agent created on the scalable computer system and / or

when the MMA is the SA, wherein the computer associated with the docking station is preferably the scalable computer system or a portion thereof.

Of the For example, as an energy provider, DCA indicates how much energy can be given together with a time frame and a minimum price, So z. B. 10 kWh in the next two hours for 0.10 EUR per kWh. These values are summarized in an offer, which will be published on the market place. Gives it's an energy buyer who agrees to these conditions, so A contract is concluded between the provider and the customer. For example, the buyer may be an energy supplier acting with its own agent (energy provider agent, EA) is represented on the marketplace or another mobile Energy Source.

• – des voraussichtlichen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs Z der Energie-Verbraucher zu den (zukünftigen) Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H (G, H ∊ IN; C ≤ G ≤ H; wobei „∊” bedeutet: „ist Element von” und wobei „IN” bedeutet: „natürliche Zahlen”), wobei der Energieverbrauch der Energie-Verbraucher (oder einer Teilmenge davon) zu den Zeitpunkten T₁–T_C (C ∊ IN; C ≥ 1) oder einer Teilmenge davon gemessen wird, wobei aus dem Energieverbrauch zu den Zeitpunkten T₁–T_C (C ∊ IN; C ≥ 1) oder einer Teilmenge davon der Gesamtenergieverbrauch G zu den Zeitpunkten T_D–T_E (D, E ∊ IN; 1 ≤ D ≤ E ≤ C) berechnet wird und anschließend, auf der Grundlage von zumindest dem Gesamtenergieverbrauch G zu den Zeitpunkten T_D–T_E oder einer Teilmengen davon, eine Berechnung des voraussichtlichen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs Z zu den (zukünftigen) Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H (G, H ∊ IN; C ≤ G ≤ H) durchgeführt wird, und
• – des voraussichtlichen Strompreises zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H oder einer Teilmenge davon, wobei der Strompreis auf der Grundlage der normalen Tarife für Strom und/oder spezieller Klimatarife und/oder aus dem Handel von Spot- oder Terminprodukten an Strombörsen vorausgesagt wird, und/oder
• – des aktuellen Preises für Brennstoffe und/oder
• – der voraussichtlichen Brennstoffpreise zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H oder einer Teilmenge davon und den Wirkungsgraden der Kraftwerke, die mit den Brennstoffen betrieben werden, wobei die Brennstoffpreise vorzugsweise auf der Grundlage der gegenwärtigen Brennstoffpreise vorausgesagt werden, und/oder
• – der Kosten für die Energieerzeugung und/oder
• – der zu den Zeitpunkten T₁–T_C oder einer Teilmenge davon gemessenen Umweltbedingungen, wobei es sich bei den Umweltbedingungen vorzugsweise um die Windstärke und/oder Temperatur und/oder Sonneneinstrahlung und/oder Tageslänge handelt, und/oder
• – der voraussichtlichen Umweltbedingungen zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H und den Wirkungsgraden der Kraftwerke, die diese Umweltbedingungen zur Energieproduktion nutzen, wobei es sich bei den Umweltbedingungen vorzugsweise um die Windstärke und/oder Temperatur und/oder Sonneneinstrahlung und/oder Tageslänge und/oder Jahreszeit und/oder Niederschlagsmenge handelt, und/oder
• – des Ergebnisses einer Berechnung, welche durchgeführt wird, um zu ermitteln, wie viel des voraussichtlichen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs Z zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H und/oder des gegenwärtigen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs durch Krakftwerke zu Kosten gedeckt werden kann, welche niedriger sind als der voraussichtliche Strompreis zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H und/oder
• – des Ergebnisses einer Berechung, um zu ermitteln, wie viel des voraussichtlichen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs Z zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H und/oder des gegenwärtigen Gesamtenergieverbrauchs durch Energie aus einer oder mehreren an das Energie-Netz angeschlossenen mobilen Energie-Quellen gedeckt werden kann und/oder wie viel Energie aus dem Energie-Netz an mobile Energie-Quellen abgegeben werden kann, so dass: der Wert für den Gesamtenergieverbrauch Z zuzüglich der an die mobilen Energie-Quellen abgegebenen Energie und abzüglich des durch die mobilen Energie-Quellen gedeckten Anteils über die Zeitpunkte T_G–T_H geringere Schwankungen als der voraussichtliche Gesamtenergieverbrauch Z aufweist und/oder so dass die Kosten für die Deckung des Gesamtenergieverbrauchs minimal sind.

Of course, energy suppliers and consumers must first determine their own energy needs and, in the case of utilities, the energy needs of energy consumers to decide when to buy or sell energy. An above-mentioned method is particularly advantageous if the calculation of the forecast of the energy consumption of the energy consumers and / or the definition of the required amounts of energy and the times at which these amounts of energy to meet the energy needs of energy consumers are needed, at least on the basis the following information is provided:

• The estimated total energy consumption Z of the energy consumers at the (future) times T _G -T _H (G, H ∈ IN, C ≤ G ≤ H, where "ε" means "is element of" and where "IN" means : "Natural numbers"), where the energy consumption of energy consumers (or a subset thereof) at the times T ₁ -T _C (C ∈ IN; C ≥ 1) or a subset thereof, wherein from the power consumption at the times T ₁ -T _C (C ∈ IN; C ≥ 1) or a subset of which the total energy consumption G at the times T _D -T _E (D, E ε IN, 1 ≤ D ≤ E ≤ C) is calculated, and then, based on at least the total energy consumption G at the times T _D -T _E or a subset thereof, a calculation of the estimated total energy consumption Z is performed at the (future) times T _G -T _H (G, H ∈ IN, C ≤ G ≤ H), and
• - the estimated electricity price at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof, the price of electricity being predicted on the basis of the normal tariffs for electricity and / or special climate tariffs and / or trading of spot or derivatives on electricity exchanges, and /or
• - the current price of fuel and / or
• The estimated fuel prices at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof and the efficiencies of the power plants operating on the fuels, fuel prices being preferably predicted on the basis of current fuel prices, and / or
• - the costs of energy production and / or
• The environmental conditions measured at the times T ₁ -T _C or a subset thereof, the environmental conditions preferably being the wind force and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or daylength, and / or
• - the anticipated environmental conditions at the times T _G -T _H and the efficiencies of the power plants using these environmental conditions for energy production, where the environmental conditions are preferably wind force and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or daylength and / or Season and / or amount of rainfall, and / or
• The result of a calculation which is carried out to determine how much of the estimated total energy consumption Z at the times T _G -T _H and / or the total current energy consumption by nuclear plants can be covered at costs lower than the anticipated electricity price the times T _G -T _H and / or
• The result of a calculation to determine how much of the estimated total energy consumption Z at the times T _G -T _H and / or the current total energy consumption can be met by energy from one or more mobile energy sources connected to the energy grid, and / or how much energy from the energy network can be delivered to mobile energy sources such that: the value of the total energy consumption Z plus the energy delivered to the mobile energy sources minus the proportion covered by the mobile energy sources the times T _G -T _{H has} lower fluctuations than the estimated total energy consumption Z and / or so that the costs for the coverage of the total energy consumption are minimal.

• – einer von einem Benutzer festgelegten, geplanten Ladung und/oder Entladung der mobilen Energie-Quelle zu der Zeitpunkte T_G–T_H oder einer Teilmenge davon, welche vom Benutzer mittels einer Benutzerschnittstelle an einen Agenten übergegeben wird und/oder
• – der von Messeinrichtungen gemessenen Energiemenge, welche an die mobile Energie-Quelle zu den Zeitpunkten T₁–T_C oder einer Teilmenge davon zugeführt oder von diesen abgegeben wurde, und/oder
• – der zu den Zeitpunkten T₁–T_C oder einer Teilmenge davon gemessenen Umweltbedingungen, wobei es sich bei den Umweltbedingungen vorzugsweise um die Windstärke und/oder Temperatur und/oder Sonneneinstrahlung und/oder Tageslänge handelt, und/oder
• – der voraussichtlichen Umweltbedingungen zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H, wobei es sich bei den Umweltbedingungen vorzugsweise um die Windstärke und/oder Temperatur und/oder Sonneneinstrahlung und/oder Tageslänge und/oder Jahreszeit und/oder Niederschlagsmenge handelt, und/oder
• – des voraussichtlichen Energiepreises zu den Zeitpunkten T_G–T_H oder einer Teilmenge davon, wobei der Energiepreis vorzugsweise aus dem Handel von Spot- oder Terminprodukten an Strombörsen stammen und wobei es sich beim Energiepreis vorzugsweise um den Strompreis handelt, und/oder
• – des Preises für Brennstoffe.

An inventive method as described above is also particularly advantageous if the calculation of the forecast of the energy demand of the user of the mobile energy source, and / or the definition of the required amounts of energy and the times at which these amounts of energy to meet the energy needs of Users of the mobile energy source are required, at least on the basis of the following information:

• A user-defined, scheduled charge and / or discharge of the mobile energy source at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof, which is provided by the user to an agent via a user interface and / or
• - The amount of energy measured by measuring devices, which was supplied to the mobile energy source at the times T ₁ -T _C or a subset thereof or delivered by them, and / or
• The environmental conditions measured at the times T ₁ -T _C or a subset thereof, the environmental conditions preferably being the wind force and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or daylength, and / or
• - the expected environmental conditions at the times T _G -T _H , where the environmental conditions are preferably the wind strength and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or day length and / or season and / or amount of rainfall, and / or
• - the expected energy price at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof, the energy price preferably coming from the trading of spot or futures products on electricity exchanges and wherein the energy price is preferably the electricity price, and / or
• - the price of fuel.

A named multi-agent system consists of a system of decentralized, distributed autonomous software units. These units, the agents, may or may not reside entirely or in part on different runtime environments (virtual machines, operating systems, etc.) Therefore, they are also suitable for operation on heterogeneous systems of different hardware or for spatially distributed systems. It is therefore also possible for the computers associated with the docking stations and / or the computers associated with the mobile energy sources to form the scalable computer system or a part thereof. In general, each agent watches over a particular domain (eg, mobile energy source, station, etc.) and solves relevant issues independently. The agents have the ability to autonomously decide on specific issues in their domain and are able to communicate about these issues and issues with other agents about their communicative abilities. In this case, the communication preferably takes place on a semantically high level (speech file), which allows the agents to exchange general information (preferably ontology-based), but also to communicate information about the problem or the problem solution and moreover meta-information. This allows all agents of the system to track a possible global destination for all agents, describe it, break it down into subproblems, and distribute the subproblems as tasks for resolution to different agents. It can also be the basis for joint planning and coordination of agents with each other in relation to a particular goal. The fact that the MAS is composed of several agents that can run in different, distributed environments and take on a variety of tasks, the system can develop a high degree of flexibility in terms of the objectives. For example, the agents could monitor their environment and, for certain events, either intervene directly or not take appropriate action after consulting with other agents. All of this may depend on the overall objective of the agent system, if one exists. In this way, the system can always respond optimally to specific processes and coordinate measures accordingly.

The DCA submit the offers or demands of the agents the connected cars (CA). Is it about a contract the SA in agreement with the CA in the vehicle, preferably the set amount of energy for the calculated period free.

As a system and / or method for billing is preferably a system and / or a method according to DE 10 2008 044 526.6-32 used.

The Among other things, mobile energy sources should solve the problem of peak loads fix or at least significantly reduce and a large proportion cover the demand for control current in the power grid. They act as decentralized energy storage, which if required by the local energy providers preferably can be used as an energy buffer. In big cities Most of the cars are 90% of the time Parking state. During this time, the batteries can be used to the load curve of the energy distribution system operators to smooth. The CAs of the cars can be the parent Energy management system for grid control report how much energy how long can they provide and until when they need how much energy. The parent Energy management system can now have optimal energy distribution over calculate the time and this for the creation of the timetable Communicate to the power plant operators. These can be the Power plants operate so much more efficiently, because more power plants in the optimal range can operate. The saved costs for the peak and regulatory load can be sent to the consumer in the form of a more favorable tariff and as a credit note the motorists (users of mobile energy sources) passed which sources of energy are available to the system put. In addition, the entire energy grid is stabilized and polluting Emissions can be significantly reduced become.

The Agents of the system take over the most important decision-making processes of the distributed energy management system. Here is their main task in monitoring situations, behavior of the system or the user to anticipate and optimizations in the system flow perform. Also, errors must be detected will be communicated and corrected accordingly.

The station agent runs on a computer associated with a docking station for mobile power sources. The docking station (station) preferably takes over the regulation of the charge or discharge of the mobile energy source. This process is preferably controlled via one (or more) energy meter, which measures the quantities of energy transmitted and transmits them to the station computer (s). The station itself preferably consists of several components, an electrical component and a computer system. The housing of the station is preferably weatherproof and easy to set up, so that the station can be easily placed in any parking lot. The only requirements for this are a connection to the electrical supply network and a communication connection, preferably an Internet connection. The potential operators of these stations are primarily energy distribution system operators, energy suppliers and power plant operators. In addition, of course, cooperations with vehicle manufacturers and vehicle dealers are conceivable. The station has be preferably several interfaces to the outside, so that several cars can log on and connect to a station. Each of these interfaces may be configured to connect various types of mobile power sources, such as a plug-in hybrid car or an electric car. It is also possible via this interface both to give energy to the car and to absorb energy from the car. Accordingly, the circuit can deal with different voltages of different mobile energy sources, ie, for example, different battery types in the car. The circuit is also preferably able to supply different voltages at different current levels in order to charge different battery types without damaging the battery.

Of the CA is located on a computer of the mobile energy source is assigned, for example, a computer in the vehicle of the vehicle owner. He has access to the internal software mechanisms of the mobile Energy Source. This allows him to get current values over the Receive and monitor the state of charge of the battery (or batteries). He also has additional information about the activities and plans of the vehicle user. In case of possibly alarming conditions of the battery (state of charge, Discharge), he tries to initiate countermeasures. He communicates with the SA and preferably tries this always a current picture the state of charge of the battery to transmit, so this discharging the battery or charging the battery accordingly can make optimal. The CA is therefore responsible for the Battery level and the communication of the same and he monitors additional data that exists in the user profiles. For example, the driver profiles become with the routes and the battery capacity needs regularly updated. Further become the charge and discharge restrictions of the battery always kept up to date and preferably on a regular basis communicates with the SA. The CA is capable of charging and discharging the mobile energy source but also the related activities record. Is it the mobile energy source z. As a vehicle, so the CA can record driven routes and put in relation to the consumption of energy by the duration rides, the associated energy consumption and energy costs to predict for the future. The CA also has an interface for the user / driver, over whose interests and whose information needs can be met. The Charging and discharging periods are preferably also provided by the CA and he ensures a secure communication with the SA.

Of the Marketplace Manager Agent (MMA) is used to negotiate with the providers and Demanders on a Marketplace Platform. He takes over preferably the management of the registration and deregistration (login and Logout handling) of the CA and preferably leads to the finding from suitable energy suppliers (utilities), the represented by agent agents on the marketplace platform Become (Utilities Agent, EA), out. Both providers and Demanders can submit offers to the MMA. Also takes over he part of the negotiations with the energy providers. The MMA is preferable for the acceptance of offers and the Negotiation with the energy providers responsible. If the CA corresponding constraints in relation to Energy provider has, for. B. because contractual bonds exist, takes over The MMA prefers to search for a suitable provider. is found the provider, the MMA mediates between the two parties, until an agreement is found. Alternatively, offers are available which the CA can see at the MMA.

• – Bereitstellung einer Schnittstelle, über welche der Nutzer der mobilen Energie-Quelle Informationen abfragen und/oder Informationen eingeben kann, wobei zu diesen Informationen vorzugsweise Pläne für die Nutzung der mobilen Energie-Quelle und/oder Angaben zur zulässigen minimalen Energiemenge in der mobilen Energie-Quelle gehören, und/oder
• – Verwaltung und Aktualisierung von Informationen betreffend den Nutzer der mobilen Energie-Quelle, wobei dazu insbesondere auch die geplante Nutzung der mobilen Energie-Quelle gehört und wobei im Falle, dass es sich bei der mobilen Energie-Quelle um ein Fahrzeug handelt, die geplante Nutzung vorzugsweise geplante Fahrten sind, und/oder
• – Aufzeichnung der gefahrenen Strecken, der dazu benötigten Zeit sowie des damit verbundenen Energieverbrauchs und Vorhersage der Dauer von geplanten Fahrten und des damit verbundenen Energieverbrauchs, wenn es sich bei der mobilen Energie-Quelle um ein Fahrzeug handelt, und/oder
• – Überwachung des Zustandes der mobilen Energie-Quelle und/oder der in der mobilen Energie-Quelle gespeicherten Energiemenge, und/oder
• – Einleitung von Gegenmaßnahmen bei kritischem Zustand (z. B. zu starke Entladung der Batterie etc.) der mobilen Energie-Quelle und/oder bei Unterschreitung einer bestimmten Energiemenge in der mobilen Energie-Quelle, und/oder
• – Regelung des Energieflusses von und zu der mobilen Energie-Quelle, und/oder
• – Aufbau und/oder Aufrechterhaltung einer sicheren Kommunikationsverbindung zum SA und/oder zum DCA und/oder zum MMA, und/oder
• – Austausch von Authentifizierungsdaten mit dem SA und/oder Übermittlung von Authentifizierungsdaten an den SA.

A method according to the invention as described above is particularly advantageous when the CA performs at least the following functions:

• Providing an interface through which the user of the mobile energy source can query information and / or enter information, preferably using plans for the use of the mobile energy source and / or information on the permissible minimum amount of energy in the mobile energy source. Source include, and / or
• Management and updating of information concerning the user of the mobile energy source, including, in particular, the planned use of the mobile energy source and, in the event that the mobile energy source is a vehicle, the planned use are preferably scheduled trips, and / or
• - recording the distance traveled, the time taken and the associated energy consumption, and predicting the duration of planned trips and associated energy consumption when the mobile energy source is a vehicle, and / or
• Monitoring the state of the mobile energy source and / or the amount of energy stored in the mobile energy source, and / or
• Initiation of countermeasures in the event of a critical condition (eg excessive discharge of the battery, etc.) of the mobile energy source and / or if a certain amount of energy in the mobile energy source is undershot, and or
• - Regulation of the flow of energy from and to the mobile energy source, and / or
• Establishment and / or maintenance of a secure communication connection to the SA and / or the DCA and / or the MMA, and / or
• Exchange of authentication data with the SA and / or transmission of authentication data to the SA.

The Agents coordinate independently. Authenticate here they mutually exchange and exchange needed data. The authentication is preferably done by popular public key Method. In the following, advantageous embodiments are related described on the individual interactions between the agents, exemplifying a vehicle as a mobile energy source is assumed. Of the versions, however, should (as mentioned above) in each case also generally a mobile energy source includes his.

The Interaction of CA and SA begins with a login of the CA at SA and ends with a logout. The session will preferably initiated after the vehicle to the charging station docked. After the successful handshake (ie the mutual Authentication), the CA sends data regarding the state of charge the battery. The CA exchanges information with the SA the offered energy prices. Thereafter, the transmitted CA his offer. If the SA or MMA is a suitable provider then the SA or the MMA informs the CA about the providers and their offers with. Will the physical connection between vehicle and docking station separately, deregistration of the CA takes place at the SA and it is preferably also the communication link dissolved by mutual agreement.

Of the SA or the MMA sends the offer (buy / sell), which he previously received from the CA preferably to all EA. These in turn send Your offers to the SA or MMA. Preferably, the SA selects or the MMA now the best deals, d. H. either determined He's the best deal, or he captures a number of the best deals He then forwards to the CA. The CA chooses Make an offer from this set of offers and contact them now preferably the corresponding EA who issued this offer, and directs the execution of the offer, d. H. thieves- or discharge the mobile energy source, a. The SA or MMA takes over that is, preferably the role of a broker acting on behalf of the agents (CA, DCA, EA) announces a tender for their offers. It is also possible that the tender to any known or any candidate agent (especially the EAs and / or CAs) is sent, with the order, within a specific Period an offer. Once this is done, the best offers passed to the CA, who then made a suitable Partner chooses to run the offer.

• – Interaktion mit dem CA und/oder DCA gemäß Interaktions-Protokoll und
• – Ermittlung, wann sich eine mobile Energie-Quelle der Andock-Station nähert, wobei es bevorzugt ist, dass durch ein Broadcast-Signal ermittelt wird, ob sich eine mobile Energie-Quelle der Andock-Station nähert und/oder eine mobile Energie-Quelle in der Nähe der Andock-Station vorhanden ist und/oder
• – Aufbau und/oder Aufrechterhaltung einer sicheren Kommunikationsverbindung zum DCA und/oder zum CA und zum EA, und/oder
• – Austausch von Authentifizierungsdaten mit dem CA, und/oder
• – Durchführung eines Handshake-Vorgangs mit dem CA, wobei nach Übermittlung der korrekten Authentifizierungsdaten vom CA an den SA die mobile Energie-Quelle mittels einer Energieübertragungseinrichtung an das Energie-Netz angeschlossen wird, und/oder
• – Funktion als Kommunikationsbrücke zwischen EA und DCA, insbesondere für die Kommunikation der Informationen zu den festgelegten Energiemengen und Zeitpunkten und/oder der davon abgeleiteten Informationen, sowie der diesen Energiemengen zugeordneten Preise, und/oder
• – Aufzeichnung des Energieflusses vom Energie-Netz zur mobilen Energie-Quelle und umgekehrt.

An above-mentioned computer-assisted method can advantageously be used when the MMA and / or the SA performs at least the following functions:

• Interaction with the CA and / or DCA according to the interaction protocol and
• Determining when a mobile power source is approaching the docking station, wherein it is preferred that a broadcast signal determines whether a mobile power source is approaching the docking station and / or a mobile power source is available near the docking station and / or
• Establishment and / or maintenance of a secure communication connection to the DCA and / or the CA and the EA, and / or
• Exchange of authentication data with the CA, and / or
• - Carrying out a handshake with the CA, wherein after transmission of the correct authentication data from the CA to the SA, the mobile energy source is connected by means of a power transmission device to the power grid, and / or
• Function as a communication bridge between EA and DCA, in particular for the communication of the information on the fixed amounts of energy and times and / or the information derived therefrom, and the prices associated with these amounts of energy, and / or
• - Recording of the energy flow from the energy network to the mobile energy source and vice versa.

The Software components of the system and in particular the agents should be flexible, d. H. It's supposed to be a management of the software components be made possible, under which one all measures The runtime environment understands to ensure the smooth running of the to ensure desired functionalities. These include managing the life cycle of the software components, the Insert / remove functionality, actions for fault diagnosis, monitoring (monitoring) of components as well as the mutual finding of the components by automatic, self-directed mechanisms. These mechanisms are part of the runtime environment the software components and serve partly as infrastructure for the specific functionalities involved in the transmission of energy specified in this document.

Another aspect of the interaction of the Agent is security. Since personal data on the car, energy consumption, etc. are transmitted and communicated during operation of the system, appropriate security measures must be taken at the software level to prevent possible misuse of this data. This includes actions that appropriately authenticate the user of the mobile energy source (or the CA) and / or the utility (or EA) and verify its authorization. For the auction on a marketplace platform must be ensured in particular that the authenticity of the representation claim of the buyer / seller is given. To ensure that the information exchanged between the individual agents can not be received by third parties, it must be ensured that the communication takes place only between the intended participants. For this purpose, the communication is encrypted accordingly. The data (user profile, etc.) are stored in such a way that access is only possible for authorized persons.

The Agent interaction is governed by interaction protocols. Preferred embodiments of such protocols are described below described.

The Finding the agents, for example, finding a CA through an SA, preferably takes place in the environment of an ad hoc network connection. therefore is the easiest and fastest way to find one a broadcast agent that allows all agents to who receive them to respond to this broadcast request. The initiator makes a request via a broadcast, to which a peer receiving this request can respond. As soon as the initiator receives an answer, this can begin, to establish a session. The session between CA and SA will be for example, after the car has been docked to the charging station and preferably takes place via a secure W-LAN connection. After the successful handshake (ie mutual authentication) the CA sends data regarding the purchase intent or the intention to sell (SpeculationProfile) on the MMA, which it preferably is an SA, especially the SA who is on the computer which is assigned to the station, to which the car is docked. It may be particularly preferred if the CA autonomous contact to agents of nearby stations takes up, d. H. even without the vehicle being connected to a station is. So information about supply and demand are earlier Available in the marketplace, what the time horizon for the planning for both energy providers and for Energy demanders expanded and the stability of the system so increased. Only for the charge or discharge The mobile energy source is a connection to a station then still necessary and this can according to the results the negotiations on the marketplace (ie the resulting Commitments).

From Of particular importance are those interaction protocols that regulate events on the market place platform, d. H. the various auction and trading principles according to which energy is traded. The collaboration in a multiagent system according to the invention can with different strategies, d. H. using different Interaction protocols are achieved. Examples of this are the contract net and auctions.

The Contract Net Protocol (CNP) is an interaction protocol that facilitating the collaboration of agents among themselves. It has the advantage of having this collaboration of distributed agents can run completely automated with each other. It was also part of the FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents) standardization is set as default. The CNP allows the distributed problem solving or the negotiation of conditions bought or sold on an electronic marketplace can be.

The CNP works by having an initiator place a bid for Issues a specific task. This call contains certain conditions for a particular problem (for example a purchase price for a certain thing). This invitation to tender is now sent to a group of agents (participants) who could possibly accept the offer. there some agents will propose an offer (with different Conditions) and others are not within a given Time answer. Others will decline to participate. The initiator now checks the offers and will accept the cheapest for him and turn down the rest. This is a contract (English contract) to be able, between the supplier and the customer from now on. This is the provider obliged to execute the offer. A variant of the Contract Net Protocol is the Iterated Contract Net, which is the Contract Net is similar. It also starts with the tender of the initiator to the participants. However, the initiator may order To get the best possible conditions, the tender renew again and again. This is always made known to the participant, the on the previous tender with acceptable conditions have answered. All others are rejected. As soon as the initiator accepts an offer, the procedure is as follows in the normal contract net.

Auctions are a method of determining a price for a sales item. The price is created by the fact that suppliers and buyers have a suitable mechanism, the time is limited, agree on a selling price. In doing so, certain bids can be made for the item of sale that can be accepted or rejected by the seller. There are different auction options, which often depend on the cultural environment or the sales product. The best-known variants of the auction are the English auction and the Dutch auction. These will be described in a later section.

at Auctions, the substitution aspect of the agent plays a big one Role. This means that the agent is on behalf and in representation a particular buyer or seller, one natural or legal person. The agent is equipped with all rights, the intended business accordingly handle. For this purpose, certain strategies are on his way given that make it possible to do business optimally and within the imposed restrictions (with all legal consequences). At an auction would So the agent with a specific strategy is trying to create a sales object to sell within a certain time and price range. It gives numerous approaches for different systems, to realize auctions under MAS. Among others were from The FIPA has matching interaction protocols for the different auction strategies specified ([FIPA English Auction] and [FIPA Dutch Auction]). Of importance may also be a specification for a personal Travel Agents (see [FIPA Personal Travel Assistant]) in which Different strategies for pricing in the context of travel planning are provided. However, this specification is not complete realized. There is also a competition, the Trading Agent Competition, where agents in relation to each other certain scenarios. Basis of the scenarios are (also) a travel agent scenario and a supply chain scenario. By doing Travel Agent Scenario Auctions are used (see [Trading Agent Competition], [TAC Classic] and [TAC SCM]).

The FIPA English Auction Interaction Protocol (see [FIPA English Auction]) works as follows: The bidders at such an auction are the auctioneer and the bidders. If an auction object is auctioned, then this object normally has a certain market value. The auctioneer sets at the beginning a selling price of the object at a price below the market value and tries that price gradually increase. The current price will always be the bidders whereupon these announce the purchase of the object to the Can accept price. Once a price is accepted, announces the auctioneer a new, higher Price and wait to see if this is accepted, what the process is repeated. The auction ends as soon as there are no more bidders willing to accept a price. The last one accepted The price of a bidder is the determined selling price of the object of sale, provided that this price over the desired price of the seller lies. Otherwise the object will not be sold.

at the Dutch auction according to FIPA Dutch Auction Interaction Protocol (see [FIPA Dutch Auction]) begins the auction with a price fixing the over one assumed market value will and will gradually during the auction reduced. If a bidder accepts the announced price, otherwise the auction will end, otherwise the price will be lower fixed and continued until the market value is reached. Becomes the market value falls below, the auction is also terminated.

in the The invention will be described below with reference to figures and examples explained in more detail, but these only show or describe preferred embodiments of the invention. The subject invention limited but not on these designs.

pictures:

1 : Simplified representation of the system

2 : Approach of the CA in the negotiation of energy transfers

3 : Purchase of energy from the perspective of the energy supplier

4 : Selling energy from the perspective of the energy supplier

Example 1:

Here, the Contract-Net method should be used as an example. In principle, it is the same for demand and supply of energy. If the vehicle user wants to offer energy, the process is as follows:
The vehicle user is z. For example, in an urban area looking for a parking lot near a shopping street. Through UMTS (or similar technology), the computer in the vehicle connects to a service that manages locations and connections to docking stations. In addition, the Car Agent (CA) connects to the MMA of a marketplace and tells it how much energy it would like to provide in which interval at which conditions. Parameters of the transaction can be the amount of energy to be transferred (amount), the maximum duration of the transaction, the time, the maximum energy flow and other technical, financial and application-related factors. The offer can in principle also transmit to the CA several stations and / or several marketplaces (or one or more of the agents provided thereon, preferably the MMA) in succession. The MMA will now submit this offer to various Energy Demand Agents (EA, CA or DCA) represented in the marketplace, which will then return an offer for the transaction. Among these offers, the most efficient from the point of view of the initiator is chosen and confirmed between the corresponding market participants. The MMA monitors and documents the initiation and execution of the transaction. Following the submission of the first offers, the energy demanders can carry out further iterations of negotiations with selected market participants in a more complex procedure. This iterated Contract Net Protocol can further increase the efficiency of the transaction.

Example 2

The described distributed energy trading system at least mobile energy sources, stations and utilities. there can users of mobile energy sources and energy providers each buy or sell energy. As a platform for the purchase or sale of energy are implemented on the stations (Energy) marketplaces on which agents as representatives of Actors enable energy transactions.

The Search of marketplaces and negotiation of conditions From the perspective of mobile energy sources runs as follows from: The CA, who is on a computer in the car, decides based on user preference or energy consumption forecast, either excess energy of the battery too sell or buy energy for the battery. there course, current energy costs play a role. about A search finds the appropriate market places for the CA and contacted the energy providers (or the EA).

The procedure of the CA in the negotiation of energy transfers is as follows (cf. 2 ): The basis for the calculations are factors such as the car usage history ( 201 ), the battery condition ( 202 ) and the planned activities by car ( 203 ). Furthermore, external factors play a role (traffic, weather etc., 204 )). From these factors, the CA calculates a forecast of energy use ( 205 ), which determines the current and / or future energy needs. From this expected energy demand, the energy is calculated, which can be given without problems ( 206 ) or must be included according to the predicted energy use to cover the demand. If the mobile energy source contains more energy than is necessary to meet the demand according to the predicted energy use, it could be sold, for example. In the case of a purchase, it is determined how much energy is needed for the battery. Then, through a search ( 207 ) identifies a number of decentralized energy marketplaces with which the CA intends to negotiate. In the following step, negotiating the conditions on the ascertained energy marketplaces with the representatives (agents) of energy suppliers (EAs), other mobile energy sources (DCAs) etc. present there ( 208 ) to which energy is to be sold or purchased. In the final step, a transaction plan is defined according to which the energy transfer has to take place, ie the conditions (location, period, amount of energy, etc.) for the energy transfer are determined.

From the perspective of the energy supplier (cf. 3 ), represented by an agent (EA) in the marketplace, there are different influences to consider when purchasing energy. At least the energy demand of energy consumers has to be considered ( 301 ) and the current costs of producing energy ( 302 ). Furthermore, the supply of energy from mobile energy sources has to be estimated ( 303 ), which requires a current overview of energy offered on the energy marketplaces at one time. Then, demand, supply, and costs can be matched to see if (and how much) energy should be sourced from mobile energy sources ( 304 ). In case of a positive decision, an offer will be calculated, which will be formulated for specially tailored energy services, ie "energy packages" ( 305 ). About a search ( 306 ) are selected energy market places on which to be offered. For this purpose - if not present - a deputy agent on the marketplace generated (EA), which should take over any negotiations ( 307 ). In the next step ( 308 ) then negotiations with providers of mobile energy, or their agents (DCA) are carried out there. These negotiations lead to the definition of the conditions ( 309 ) under which the energy transfer is to be carried out (date, period, location of the energy transfer). The energy provider then plans this energy transfer.

When selling from the perspective of the energy supplier (cf. 4 ) are also the 3 points, energy demand by energy consumers ( 401 ), Costs of energy production ( 402 ) and supply of energy from mobile energy sources ( 403 ). It then calculates the costs charged for energy packages to be sold through an energy marketplace ( 404 ). About a search ( 405 ) energy marketplaces are identified over which the energy is to be sold. If there is no agent on a found marketplace that represents the company (energy supplier), an appropriate agent (EA) is created on the energy marketplace ( 406 ). This represents the energy supplier in the marketplace in the negotiations ( 407 ), which determine the conditions ( 408 ) under which the energy transfer is to be carried out (date, period, place of energy transfer). The energy provider then plans this energy transfer.

101

marketplace

102

Docking stations

103

utilities

104

mobile Energy sources

105

marketplace Manager Agent (MMA)

106

utilities Agent (EA)

107

Deputy Car Agent (DCA)

108

Energy network

201

Use of car history

202

battery status

203

Use of car: planned activities

204

external Factors (weather, traffic etc.)

205

forecast the energy use

206

calculation the available energy

207

search after energy marketplaces

208

conditions negotiate

209

Planning: Date, time, place for energy transfer

301

Energy demand

302

costs the standard supply

303

care through decentralized mobile energy sources

304

calculation the need of being covered by energy from mobile energy sources shall be

305

calculation supply of energy packages from mobile energy sources

306

search after energy marketplaces

307

optional Generation of a representative agent

308

negotiation of conditions

309

establishing Date, period and location of the energy transfer

401

Energy demand

402

costs the standard supply

403

care through mobile energy sources

404

calculation the price of energy packages

405

search after energy marketplaces

406

optional Generation of a representative agent

407

negotiation the conditions of sale

408

establishing the date, time and place of the energy transfer

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102008044526 [0019]

Cited non-patent literature

• - http://www.ict.csiro.au/page.php?did=182 [0003]

Claims (9)

A computerized method of optimizing energy usage in a system comprising at least: - a mobile energy source, - a power grid, - a fixed power utility connected to the power grid, - one or more power consumers connected to the power grid, and A stationary docking station for mobile power sources connected to the power grid, characterized in that the method comprises at least the following steps: a) providing at least three agents, wherein - at least one agent (Car Agent, CA) running a computer associated with the mobile power source, and - at least one agent (station agent, SA) is running on a computer associated with the docking station, - at least one agent (power provider agent, EA) a scalable computer system is connected, which is connected via an interface with the docking station, b) calculation ei ner forecast the energy needs of energy consumers and determining the amount of energy required and the times at which these amounts of energy to meet the energy needs of energy consumers are needed, with the information on the specified amounts of energy and times and / or information derived therefrom transmitted to the EA or calculated by it, c) calculating a forecast of the user's energy needs of the mobile energy source, and determining the amounts of energy needed and the times when these amounts of energy are needed to meet the user's energy needs, the information on the specified amounts of energy and energy Time information and / or information derived therefrom to an agent (Deputy Car Agent, DCA), which is executed on the scalable computer system, d) establishing a communication link between the DCA and an agent (Marketplace Manager Agent, MMA), on the e) establishment of a communication link between EA and MMA, f) provision of an interaction protocol by the MMA, g) interaction of the EA with the DCA according to the interaction protocol, based on at least the information on the amounts of energy and times from b) and / or c) or the information derived therefrom a determination is made of at least: - an amount of energy that is to be transferred from the mobile energy source to meet the energy needs of energy consumers in the energy network or - one Amount of energy to be transferred from the energy network to the mobile energy source to meet the energy needs of the user of the mobile energy source, and - the time at which the amount of energy is to be transmitted i) docking the mobile energy source to the docking station and regulating the transmission of the specified amount of energy from the mobile energy source to the Ene rgie network or vice versa at the specified time. Method according to claim 1, characterized by that the DCA is one of the following: - the CA, with the CA previously transferred to the scalable computer system becomes. - the SA, - another agent, which is created on the scalable computer system and / or that the MMA is the SA, which is the computer, which is associated with the docking station, preferably the scalable Computer system or part of it. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the interaction protocol is one of the following Protocols are: - an auction log, - one Contract Net Protocol, - an iterated contract net Protocol, - a FIPA English Auction Protocol, - one FIPA-Dutch-Auction Protocol. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation of the forecast of the energy demand of the energy consumers and / or the definition of the required amounts of energy and the times at which these amounts of energy to meet the energy needs of energy consumers are needed, at least on the basis of The following information takes place: the estimated total energy consumption Z of the energy consumers at the (future) times T _G -T _H (G, H ∈ IN, C ≤ G ≤ H), the energy consumption of the energy consumers or a subset thereof being increased the times T ₁ -T _C (C ∈ IN, C ≤ 1) or a subset thereof is measured, wherein from the energy consumption at the times T ₁ -T _C (C ∈ IN; C ≥ 1) or a subset thereof the total energy consumption G is calculated at the times T _D -T _E (D, E ε IN, 1 ≤ D ≤ E ≤ C), and then, based on at least the total energy consumption G at the time point kts T _D -T _E or a subset thereof, a calculation of the estimated total energy consumption Z at the (future) times T _G -T _H (G, H ∈ IN, C ≤ G ≤ H), and - the estimated electricity price at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof, the electricity price being based on the normal tariffs for electricity and / or special climate tariffs and / or from the trading of spot or futures products on electricity exchanges, and / or - the current price of fuel and / or - the prospective fuel prices at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof and the efficiencies of the power plants, fueled with the fuels, fuel prices being preferably predicted on the basis of current fuel prices, and / or - the costs of energy production and / or - the environmental conditions measured at times T ₁ -T _C or a subset thereof, wherein the environmental conditions are preferably the wind strength and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or day length , and / or the anticipated environmental conditions at the times T _G -T _H and the efficiencies of the power plants using these environmental conditions for energy production, the environmental conditions preferably being wind force and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or Day length and / or season and / or amount of rainfall, and / or - the result of a calculation, which is performed to determine how much of the estimated total energy consumption Z at the times T _G -T _H and / or the current total energy consumption by Krakftwerke may be covered by costs which are lower than the anticipated electricity price at the times T _G -T _H and / or - of the result of a calculation in order to determine how much of the estimated total energy consumption Z at the times T _G -T _H and / or the current total energy consumption by energy from one or more of the energy Network-connected mobile energy sources can be covered and / or how much energy from the energy network can be delivered to mobile energy sources, so that: the value of the total energy consumption Z plus the energy and energy delivered to the mobile energy sources less than the estimated total energy consumption Z over the times covered by the mobile energy sources over the times T _G -T _H and / or so that the costs for covering the total energy consumption are minimal and / or - the current or anticipated electricity consumption Demand of the operator of the power grid to ensure network stability, which is in particular the need for control power. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation of the forecast of the energy demand of the user of the mobile energy source, and / or the definition of the required amounts of energy and the times at which these amounts of energy needed to meet the energy needs of the user of the mobile energy source at least on the basis of the following information: a user-defined, scheduled charge and / or discharge of the mobile energy source at the times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof sent by the user to a user interface Agent is supplied and / or - the amount of energy measured by measuring devices, which was supplied to the mobile energy source at the times T ₁ -T _C or a subset thereof or delivered by these, and / or - at the times T ₁ - T _C or a subset thereof measured environmental conditions, wherein the environmental conditions vo is the wind strength and / or temperature and / or solar radiation and / or daylength, and / or the anticipated environmental conditions at the times T _G -T _H , where the environmental conditions are preferably the wind force and / or temperature and / or or sunshine and / or daylength and / or season and / or amount of rainfall, and / or the anticipated energy price at times T _G -T _H or a subset thereof, the energy price preferably being from the trading of spot or derivatives products on power exchanges come from, and / or - the price of fuel. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the CA performs at least the following functions: - Providing an interface through which the user of the mobile energy source query information and / or can enter information, with this information preferably plans for use the mobile energy source and / or information on the permissible minimum amount of energy in the mobile energy source, and / or - administration and updating of information relating to the user of the mobile energy source, including in particular the planned use of the mobile energy source Source and wherein, in the case of the mobile energy source being a vehicle, the scheduled usage is preferably scheduled trips, the CA preferably deriving therefrom the non-availability of the vehicle at a docking station, preferably is that the CA at least based on the planned Fa have calculated the need for energy, and / or - recording the distance traveled, the time taken and the associated energy consumption, and predicting the duration of planned trips and associated energy consumption when the mobile energy source is a vehicle, and / or - monitoring the condition of the vehicle mobile energy source and / or the amount of energy stored in the mobile energy source, and / or - initiate countermeasures when the mobile energy source is in a critical state and / or falls below a certain amount of energy in the mobile energy source, and / or - regulating the flow of energy to and from the mobile energy source, and / or - establishing and / or maintaining a secure communication connection to the SA and / or the DCA and / or the MMA, and / or - exchanging authentication data with the SA and / or transmission of authentication data to the SA. Computer-aided method according to one of preceding claims, characterized in that the MMA and / or the SA performs at least the following functions: - interaction with the CA and / or DCA according to the interaction protocol and - Determining when a mobile energy source of the Docking station is approaching, it being preferred that through a broadcast signal is determined as to whether there is a mobile energy source the docking station is approaching and / or a mobile energy source is available near the docking station and / or - Construction and / or maintaining a secure communication connection to the DCA and / or CA and EA, and / or - Exchange authentication data with the CA, and / or - Execution a handshake with the CA, after transmission the correct authentication data from the CA to the SA the mobile Energy source by means of an energy transfer device is connected to the power grid, and / or - Function as a communication bridge between EA and DCA, in particular for communicating the information to the specified Amounts of energy and times and / or the information derived from them, and the prices associated with this amount of energy, and / or - Recording the energy flow from the energy network to the mobile energy source and vice versa. Computer-aided method according to one of preceding claims, characterized in that the EA performs at least the following functions: - Construction and / or maintaining a secure communication connection to the MMA and / or the SA and / or the DCA. Computer-aided method according to one of preceding claims, characterized in that at least three agents running on the scalable computer system where the three agents are at least one MMA, at least one DCA or EA and at least one other DCA or EA acts.