DE10047085B4 - Motor vehicle with a anti-trap switch for a motorized lockable and / or lockable front or tailgate - Google Patents

Abstract

Motor vehicle with a front or tailgate and a closing or locking mechanism with a drive motor, which moves the front or tailgate when closing and / or locking in a closed position in which their free edge at least partially arranged at a small distance from an adjacent body part is an anti-pinch switch (36) with an attached to the front or tailgate (2) elongated pressure-sensitive switching element (38) extending at least along part of the edge (8), with the flap (2) is not visible from the outside behind the edge (8) of the flap (2) is mounted and when closing and / or locking the front or tailgate, the power supply to the drive motor (14, 18) interrupts or reverses when a closing and / or locking the flap (2) on the switching element (38) exerted compressive force exceeds a predetermined value, characterized in that the anti-pinch sc holder (36) comprises an actuating member (58) for transmitting the compressive force to the switching element (38), wherein the actuating member (58) on an inner side ...

Description

The The invention relates to a motor vehicle with a front or tailgate and a closing or locking mechanism with an electric drive motor, the front or tailgate while closing and / or locking moved to a closed position in which you free edge at least in sections at a small distance is arranged by an adjacent body part.

Around the ease of use of motor vehicles and in particular of passenger cars too have become increasingly more components in recent years with manual drive replaced by components with motor drive, such as door windows or sunroofs, which in the past was opened by means of a winch and have been closed and now usually with one of an electric motor driven closing and opening mechanism are provided. A corresponding development is expected at the closing or to expect locking mechanisms of front and tailgates, and although both flaps have access to a passenger compartment or luggage room close, as well as with flaps in the form of a hood access close to an engine compartment. In conjunction with front or tailgates, electric or hydraulic Drives both for pivoting the flap when closing and be used to lock the flap, as for example already at the glove box shutters of some standard passenger cars the case is.

The is called, on the one hand, the front or tailgate itself over a Actuator coupled to an electric or hydraulic motor of a locking mechanism be the flap from an open position in which it releases the opening, in a closed position pivoted, in which it closes the opening. To the another can the flap by means of the same or by another Electric or hydraulic motor to be locked, with the engine part is a locking mechanism and, for example, an on the Flap or at one edge of the opening mounted ratchet directly or via an actuator, around her with one at the edge of the opening or on the flap attached striker or locking pin bring into locking engagement, so that the flap in the closed position Do not open leaves. For example, a flap can first by means of a motor-driven locking mechanism closed and moved to a Vorraststellung and then with Help of a motor driven locking mechanism in the final closed position be brought in the flap is properly locked.

In both cases the motor is preferably not only for closing and / or locking the Flap used, but also for unlocking and / or opening the Flap. This means the closing and / or the locking mechanism act by reversing the direction of rotation their drive motor as an opening and / or unlocking mechanism. For example, a flap with a two-door lock first from the passenger compartment with the help partially unlocked by an engine acting on the rotary latch while being lifted slightly before going through from the outside Activation of the same engine completely unlocked and then from Hand or pivoted by another motor in the open position becomes.

The Commissioning of the engine of the closing and opening mechanism or the Locking and unlocking mechanism can except the passenger compartment from over too a remote control or over a switch on the flap itself.

There when commissioning by remote control or from the passenger compartment from a direct eye contact on the flap and in particular on their free edge mostly not given at tailgates is there and in addition to the complete Shut down a flap passes a certain period of time in which a surveillance the flap is not always ensured even when commissioning from the outside is, must have a motor-driven closing or locking mechanism for safety reasons be provided with a device that damages people by pinching body parts, especially limbs between the driven flap and the edge of the opening prevented.

So revealed the DE 198 28 698 A1 An anti-trap for automatically operated doors or flaps of motor vehicles, in which an acoustic signal is triggered during the closing process. In a further embodiment of the invention, by a contact, which can be triggered by an object, such as a finger or a hand, within a multi-component anti-pinch element, the closing process is interrupted or vice versa.

From the EP 0 638 701 A2 It is already known to stop electrically operated windows and sunroofs of motor vehicles when closing by means of a pinch protection or to reverse their direction of movement. The anti-trap known from this document comprises an elastically yielding hollow profile, which is along an upper edge of the window opening or at one or more edges of a sunroof opening is bracketed and enclosing two opposing electrical conductors which are brought into mutual contact and stop or reverse the drive motor of the window or sunroof when an object, such as a finger, between the window or the sunroof and the edge of the window or sunroof opening clamped and thereby the hollow profile is pressed at any point along its length.

Furthermore, the DE 199 10 642 A1 a jamming protection for a hand-operated closure member for closing an opening with a anti-jamming contact, which is attached to an opening limiting member. The anti-jamming device emits a switching signal when clamping an object between the closing part and the opening, which actuates an actuating element which counteracts the movement of the closing part.

Furthermore, from the EP 0 381 578 already known an anti-trap switch, which is assigned to the transmission of forces an actuator.

Of Furthermore, it is already known in an electric motor power consumption continuously measure and shut off the engine when power consumption when hitting an obstacle exceeds a predetermined threshold. Such a security measure is not suitable for a locking mechanism of a front or tailgate of a Motor vehicle, since the locking of a rotary latch with a Striker required personnel and whose tolerances are relatively large, so that, for example, an additional Resistance due to a pinched finger not measurable and thus based on this approach safety device is unsuitable.

A appropriate attachment of such a pinch protection along the edge of the opening however, a front or tailgate also bumps to difficulties. If, for example, in the luggage compartment of a passenger car elongated objects be transported through the opening of the tailgate survive behind lie these objects on one along the lower edge of the opening arranged anti-trap on and thus prevent unwanted Way the closing the tailgate. In addition, must An effective anti-trap at least when approaching the Flap to the closed position in close proximity to the free edge of the flap, which is positioning when attached to the edge of a luggage compartment opening on the luggage room opposite side of the around the opening would make circumferential seal required. In addition, by an am Edge of a luggage compartment opening mounted anti-trap the aesthetic Appearance of the car affected in the area of the opening.

outgoing This is the object of the invention in a motor vehicle of the type mentioned the risk of injury by pinching of limbs between the free edge of the front or tailgate and the adjacent Body part, d. H. the edge of the opening closed by the flap, minimize without the function of the front or tailgate or the aesthetic Appearance of the car in the area of the opening is impaired.

These Task is by a anti-trap switch with a s.der Front or tailgate attached elongated pressure-sensitive Switching element solved, extending along at least part of the edge of the flap extends, where it is hidden behind the edge of the flap is and when closing and / or locking the front or tailgate power to the Drive motor interrupts or reverses to stop the drive motor or to drive in the opening direction, if one when closing and / or locking the flap on the switching element exerted pressure force exceeds a predetermined value. Of Furthermore, the invention provides, the anti-trap switch with to provide an acting on the switching element actuator, the moves along an inside of the flap edge, too in such cases for one to provide effective anti-trap protection in which a finger or a other body part little in the gap between the lower edge of the flap and the Edge of the opening protrudes.

Of the Invention is based on the idea that by a hidden Attachment of the elongate switching element of the anti-pinch switch behind the edge of the flap both the requirements for the protective effect, d. H. a great proximity to the edge the flap, as well as the functional and aesthetic requirements, d. H. a functionality of the locking mechanism when transporting long overhanging objects as well as a for let a viewer not visible attachment fulfill. The covert Attachment of the switching element behind the edge of the flap has moreover the advantage that the switching element from the weather and from damage through jammed objects protected is, for example, when a user tries to be unaware of one protruding into the gap between the flap and the edge of the opening Move the improperly closing flap by hand to the closed position to press.

Prefers is the switching element of an elastically yielding hollow profile formed, the two opposite, through a cavity the profile includes separate electrical conductors. These ladder will be brought into mutual contact when acting on the switching element exerted pressure force exceeds the predetermined value and thereby the hollow profile until contact of the conductors at the pressure point is deformed. The contact of the ladder leads to a change of the conductor resistance, which is used to control the electric motor of the Closing or Locking mechanism, d. H. to shut down or reverse his Direction of rotation can be exploited. Leave such switching elements manufacture easily and cheaply and along the free edge Mount the flap so that it looks good for the intended purpose suitable.

If however, at one point an object, for example a finger of one Person, between the free edge of a front or tailgate and protrudes the peripheral edge of the luggage compartment or engine compartment opening and when closing or locking the flap from below a compressive force on the behind the edge of the flap attached hollow profile exercises this deformed at the point in question, which is transverse to the The direction of the compressive force extends slightly. This lateral extension of the Hollow profiles makes it necessary to use the undeformed hollow profile in a certain distance from the inside of the free edge of the Flap to attach, which in turn leads to the fact that the drive motor of the closing or locking mechanism only then turned off or reversed becomes when a jammed object is quite a distance inside over the edge of the flap survives.

The preferably movable trained actuator is expedient something down over the lower edge of the flap edge over, leaving it in front of this comes into contact with the object. This will make it possible the drive motor of the closing or disable or reverse locking mechanism, before the lower edge of the edge comes into contact with the object or exerts a noticeable pressure on it. In addition, the actuator allows if necessary, a deflection and / or amplification of the switching element exerted Pressure and thus creates a greater freedom of design in terms the position and orientation of the switching element.

The actuator is preferably designed as a lever, the appropriate part one for mounting the switching element on the front or tailgate serving mounting or carrier profile and in order to facilitate the manufacture in one piece via a film hinge with the carrier profile can be connected.

The actuator has a small distance from the usually designed as a folded edge Lower edge of the flap edge, this distance preferably only a few millimeters, so that the actuator move close to the flap edge near the inside can when applied to an object with a compressive force and transmits them to the switching element.

According to one Another preferred embodiment of the invention may in particular at front or Tailgate without handle and with a two-door lock the switching element Also used as a switch bar to look for a previous one partial unlocking of the lock by remote control or from the passenger compartment, combined with a slight lift of the flap to release the access to the switch panel, the electric motors of the lock and Unlocking mechanism and possibly a motor-driven closing and opening mechanism in order to complete Unlocking the lock and possibly for the purpose of opening the flap from the outside in operation by a pressure applied to the switch panel to take.

in the The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing embodiment explained in more detail. It demonstrate:

1 a perspective view of a rear end of a passenger car;

2 a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II 1 with slightly open tailgate;

3 a schematic representation of a tailgate with an opening and closing mechanism, a locking and unlocking mechanism and a switching element of an anti-pinch switch;

4 : A simplified schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism with the anti-trap switch off 3 ,

The in 1 partially illustrated passenger car has a through a tailgate 2 locked luggage room. The tailgate 2 is pivotable on the passenger compartment facing the front edge of the body 6 stored the passenger car. When closed, the tailgate closes 2 a loading opening of the luggage compartment, with its free edge 8th through a parting line 10 with a gap width of 4 to 6 mm from a circumferential edge 12 the loading opening is disconnected.

As in 3 shown schematically, the tailgate 2 one from a DC motor 14 driven opening and closing mechanism 16 on, which is activated by means of a remote control or from the passenger compartment to the closed tailgate 2 for opening upwards or the open tailgate 2 to swing down to close. The tailgate 2 further points one with the lock of the tailgate 2 coupled and from another DC motor 18 driven locking and unlocking mechanism 20 on, which is also activated by remote control or from the passenger compartment to the closed and locked tailgate 2 unlock before opening or the tailgate 2 lock after closing, so that it can not be opened from the outside. The locking and unlocking mechanism 20 acts on one on the tailgate 2 mounted catch of a luggage lock 4 one to the rotary latch with one near the edge 12 the luggage compartment opening arranged to bring locking bar in or out of engagement.

As in 4 shown is the DC motor 14 over a first circuit 22 to a vehicle battery 24 connected. The circuit 22 contains a designed as toggle switch with two switch positions switch 26 which is normally open and by pressing the remote control or a push button 28 in the passenger compartment can be brought into one of two end positions, in which the circuit 22 closed and the engine 14 depending on switch position (Ö or S) in the opening direction or closing direction is driven to the tailgate 2 to open or close. After a complete opening or closing the flap 2 becomes the engine 14 by limit switch (not shown) stopped.

To injuries due to pinching of fingers or other limbs between the free edge 8th the tailgate 2 and the surrounding edge 12 the luggage compartment opening when closing and then locking the tailgate 2 to prevent is the engine 14 with the vehicle battery 24 still over a second circuit 30 connected, whose polarity is chosen so that the engine 14 always in the opening direction power is supplied when the second circuit 30 by supplying power to a magnetic switch 32 is closed.

The magnetic switch 32 is with a further, designed as a breaker switch magnetic switch 34 connected in series, the first circuit 22 interrupts once it is powered by the magnetic switch 32 is excited. For a short circuit on the engine 14 To avoid the magnetic switch 32 include a delay element, so it always only shortly after opening the magnetic switch 34 responds.

The power supply to the magnetic switches 32 . 34 takes place by closing an anti-pinch switch, also designed as a magnetic switch 36 , which is a normally open switching element 38 that covers itself along the edge 8th the tailgate 2 extends. This switching element 38 is activated when closing or locking the tailgate 2 an obstacle in a gap between this and the edge 12 the luggage compartment opening protrudes. When activating the switching element 38 becomes the magnetic switch 36 Power supplied and thereby a current path from the vehicle battery 24 to the magnetic switches 32 and 34 closed.

The circuit of the locking and unlocking mechanism 20 corresponds to the in 4 illustrated circuit 22 the opening and closing mechanism 16 but with the engine 18 as a drive motor.

How best in 2 shown in cross-section, there is the switching element 38 essentially of a hollow profile 40 with a serving 42 made of an elastically yielding, electrically non-conductive material, the two arranged inside and through an air gap 44 separate conductor strands 46 of an electrically conductive material, each with a copper conductor embedded therein 48 encloses. The two, at one end with a terminal contact (not shown) provided copper conductor 48 are at undeformed hollow profile 40 isolated from each other, so that the electrical resistance between the two terminals is infinite. The two conductor strands 46 exist as well as the outer cladding 42 made of an elastically deformable material. The dimensions and elasticity of the envelope 42 and the conductor strands 46 are chosen so that when applying a predetermined compressive force on the underside of the hollow profile 40 the latter is compressed, as in 2 shown in broken lines. In compressed state, the two conductor strands touch 46 at the pressure point, whereby a current flows between the terminals.

Through a contact between the conductor strands 46 will that be in 4 illustrated switching element 38 closed and thus the anti-trap switch 36 Power supplied, causing this of the current path to the magnetic switches 34 and 32 closes. Of these, in turn, the first circuit 22 interrupted and the second circuit 30 closed. This will be the engine 14 stopped and its direction of rotation reversed.

The from the hollow profile 40 formed and extending along the inside of the flap edge switching element 38 is invisible from the outside behind the flap edge 8th arranged at least along the straight sections of the edge 8th from egg nem on the inner panel 50 the flap 2 firmly clipped carrier profile 52 made of plastic. The carrier profile 52 has one or more contact surfaces to rest on the inner panel 50 the flap 2 on and is with a downwardly open longitudinal recess 54 for the hollow profile 40 Mistake. The longitudinal recess 54 becomes on its opposite longitudinal sides of two in one piece on the carrier profile 52 molded terminal strips 56 bounded, which extends from the side into the elastically deformable material of the envelope 42 Press in and the hollow profile 40 so on the carrier profile 52 hold tight.

Because the hollow profile 40 because of its lateral extent when applying a compressive force from below must be arranged at a certain distance from the inside of the flap edge, the support profile 52 continue with a molded operating lever 58 provided along the entire length of the carrier profile 52 extends. The lever 58 is about a movie hinge 60 with one from the flap edge 8th remote part of the carrier profile 52 connected and substantially perpendicular to the flap edge 8th aligned, with its free end in the immediate vicinity of the lower edge 62 but slightly inward from the bottom edge 62 is arranged and something over this overhangs. The operating lever 58 lies with its top against the underside of the hollow profile 40 at.

By this arrangement, the lever 58 from one into the gap between the edge 8th the flap 2 and the surrounding edge 12 the luggage compartment opening projecting object, in 2 a finger when closing the flap 2 pivoted upwards, taking the hollow profile 40 to the touch of the conductor strands 46 compresses and thus the power supply to the currently energized electric motor 14 interrupts or reverses.

The vertical distance between a contact surface 66 at the bottom of the free end of the operating lever 58 and the bottom edge 62 the flap edge 8th is chosen so that the two conductor strands 46 of the hollow profile 40 as a result of the lever 48 contact transmitted compressive force when the contact surface 66 about with the lower edge 62 is flush or flush. This ensures that the power supply to the electric motors 14 . 18 the opening and closing mechanism 16 or the locking and unlocking mechanism 20 interrupted or reversed before the lower edge 62 reaches the fingers projecting into the gap or squeezes to a considerable extent.

As in 2 shown in dotted lines, the free end of the operating lever 58 be bent slightly upwards so that the hollow section 40 almost completely from the carrier profile 52 enclosed and protected by this against the weather.

Where the locking and unlocking mechanism 20 the front or tailgate 2 as is the case with most hoods and the tailgates of some car wagons Zweirastig designed to accidentally unlock while driving unintentional opening of the door 2 can prevent the switching element 38 can also be used as a switch bar to after a remote-operated Teilentriegelung and thereby taking place slightly lifting the flap 2 on the then accessible from the outside operating lever 58 by hand a compressive force on the switching element 38 to exercise this. As in 4 represented, thereby becomes the switch 36 closed, the magnetic switches 32 and 34 electricity is supplied and thus the drive motor 14 the opening and closing mechanism 16 (and the in 4 not shown drive motor 18 the locking and unlocking mechanism 20 ) in the opening direction, whereby the flap 2 first fully unlocked and then swung up into the open position.

Claims (11)

Motor vehicle with a front or tailgate and a closing or locking mechanism with a drive motor which moves the front or tailgate when closing and / or locking in a closed position in which arranged their free edge at least in sections at a small distance from an adjacent body part is an anti-pinch switch ( 36 ) with one on the front or tailgate ( 2 ) elongated pressure-sensitive switching element ( 38 ) extending at least along part of the edge ( 8th ), with the flap closed ( 2 ) not visible from the outside behind the edge ( 8th ) the flap ( 2 ) and when closing and / or locking the front or tailgate, the power supply to the drive motor ( 14 . 18 ) interrupts or reverses when a closing and / or locking the flap ( 2 ) on the switching element ( 38 ) exerted pressure force exceeds a predetermined value, characterized in that the anti-pinch switch ( 36 ) an actuator ( 58 ) for transmitting the pressing force to the switching element ( 38 ), wherein the actuating member ( 58 ) on an inner side of the flap edge ( 8th ) is moved along when it is subjected to a compressive force from below. Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating member ( 58 ) something down over a lower edge ( 62 ) of the flap edge ( 8th ) survives. Motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating member ( 58 ) in relation to the switching element ( 38 ) is movable. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the actuating member ( 58 ) against the switching element ( 38 ) is present. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuating member ( 58 ) to the immediate vicinity of a lower edge ( 62 ) of the flap edge ( 8th ). Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the power supply to the drive motor ( 14 . 18 ) interrupted at the latest then and / or vice versa, if a contact surface of the actuator ( 58 ) with a lower edge ( 62 ) of the flap edge ( 8th ) is flush. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive motor ( 14 . 18 ) of the closing or locking mechanism ( 16 . 20 ) Is supplied with reverse polarity to reverse its direction of rotation to open or unlock the flap ( 2 ) to reverse. Motor vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the switching element ( 38 ) the drive motor ( 18 . 14 ) Power for complete unlocking and, if necessary, for opening the flap ( 2 ), when it is applied with partially unlocked and slightly raised flap by hand with a compressive force. Anti-pinch switch for a motor-lockable and / or motor-lockable front or tailgate ( 2 ) of a motor vehicle, comprising an elongate pressure-sensitive switching element ( 38 ) for attachment along a free edge ( 8th ) of the front or tailgate ( 2 ) when closing and / or locking the front or tailgate ( 2 ) for interrupting or reversing the power supply to a drive motor ( 14 . 18 ) a closing or locking mechanism ( 16 . 20 ) of the front or tailgate ( 2 ), when the switching element ( 38 ) is acted upon before reaching the closing and / or locking position with a predetermined compressive force, characterized in that the switching element ( 38 ) is acted upon from below with a compressive force and the switching element ( 38 ) a movable actuator ( 58 ) for transmitting the pressing force to the switching element ( 38 ) is assigned, wherein the actuating member ( 58 ) Part of a fixing of the switching element ( 38 ) on the front or tailgate ( 2 ) carrier profile ( 52 ) and integral with the carrier profile ( 52 ) and by a film hinge ( 60 ) is connected to this. An anti-pinch switch according to claim 9, characterized in that the switching element ( 38 ) an elastically yielding hollow profile ( 40 ) with two opposite, through a cavity ( 42 ) of the profile ( 40 ) separate electrical conductor strands ( 46 ) and or ladders ( 48 ), which at a predetermined compression deformation of the hollow profile ( 40 ) are brought into mutual contact. Anti-pinch switch according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the actuating member ( 58 ) over a large part of the length of the switching element ( 38 ).