DD202077A5 - HIGH VOLTAGE WIRE INTRODUCTION OF BELL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high voltage Drahteinfuehrung bell, which is compared with known Ausfuehrungen, much easier to manufacture and assemble, the electrical strength and safety fully complies with the prescribed requirements. The insulating body encloses a cavity whose longitudinal axis runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the current conductor (current conductor), the interior of the cavity being divided into two parts by a dividing wall perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The insulating body according to the invention is designed such that it consists of two or more walls at least along two opposite sections of the shell of the passage cavity, in such a way that the outer wall (34) encloses at least one inner wall (35) and the insulating body (32). of two, along the Teilflaechen (36 a, 36 b, 37 a, 37 b) adapted to each other Halbkoerpern is formed, wherein the formed in the outer wall outer Teilflaechen are moved relative to the formed in the adjacent inner wall inner Teilflaechen along the circumference of the walls.

Description

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High-voltage driver s e c o f s e c e s

Field of application of the invention:

The invention relates to a high-speed wire entry bell, the insulator of which can be made of any material customary in the art by any of the technologies customary for this purpose, e.g. made of ceramic or porcelain or also of synthetic resin according to the so-called pressure gelling process under vacuum.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions;

It is known that the demands placed on electrical strength and ease of assembly in such products are difficult to reconcile. In the assembled pipe systems, the clamp made of insulating material must completely enclose the clamped conductor, but at the same time arise in the asked design of the insulator and during assembly unwanted Spalterin the

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Telltsebene of the insulator. For this reason, the use of split insulators has hitherto been dispensed with in high voltage engineering. The known high voltage insulators consist essentially of a single piece, in the sense that no division is provided at least along the approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor approximately parallel surfaces. In the following explanations, all sub-surfaces whose orientation deviates from the longitudinal axis only in a condition deviated or permitted by the manufacturing technology are considered to be substantially parallel-oriented with the longitudinal axis of the conductor mounted, the conductor to be clamped, which is generally formed by a contact rail, must be passed through the insulator in the direction of the longitudinal axis.This operation is particularly difficult with longer conductors, whereby the high expenditure of time during assembly leads to a less economical technology Similar problems can occur if the wire entry bell has to be replaced later on an already completed switchgear.

Object of the invention:

The aim of the invention is to provide a Hochspannungsisolierkörper with which a fast, easy and economical installation both in the construction of the respective system, as well as in a subsequent replacement of the wire insertion bell is possible.

Explanation of the essence of the invention;

The invention is based on the recognition that the desired electrical strength and safety can be secured by a high-voltage wire introduction bell,

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which consists of half-bodies whose partial surfaces running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor conform to the conductor (s), when the insulating body encloses the conductor with more than one wall, at least along two opposing sections of the circumference, that the (respective) adjacent, in relation to each other in the inner wall or in the outer wall formed partial surfaces along the wall circumference are shifted against each other such that the resulting from the division of the wire insertion bell insulation breakdown voltage corresponding to the value of the given Insulator specified test voltage exceeds. In addition, the air space of the space enclosed by the insulator cavity along the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis dividing wall must also consist of several parts, in such a way that the respective adjacent parts are shifted from each other along the longitudinal axis.

Accordingly, the split wire insertion bell according to the invention is formed so that it is formed of two half-bodies, which are even adapted along the substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the partial surface together, said half-body comb-like overlapping forming insulating screens. After assembly, the air gaps of small dimensions remaining along the conforming faces can be connected in series only over a long air gap (long air gaps) or creepage distances (as viewed from the point of view of the electrical breakdown voltage). When mounting the insulation half-body, the attachment of coming into contact with the conductors in use inserts can be made positively. A detailed explanation in this regard may not be required, since such a fixture is within the skill of the art. The insulating body encloses the cavity whose longitudinal axis with the longitudinal axis of the

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Conductor runs parallel, along a practically contiguous circumference, since the resulting from the division of the partial surface air gap forms only a small Antsil the ümfanges.

The cross section of the current conductors generally has the shape of a rectangle, a circle, a circular ring or a U-profile. The shape of the insulators may then be chosen according to the cross-sectional shapes mentioned, although this is not absolutely necessary. In general, the perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conductor cross-sectional profile of the shielding elements is a circular ring, an overlapping, nested U-profile or another similar profile character.

With such a design, the current conductors can be used immediately in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conductor perpendicular direction in the gevrii.nsch.te point, the insulator is mounted directly on the conductor, a retraction in the longitudinal direction is not required.

EXAMPLES

In several embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below. Ih show the accompanying drawings:

Pig. FIG. 1: a monolithic state-of-the-art insulator in the assembled state, Pig. 1a a, on the longitudinal axis of the current conductor shown in section vertical view and Pig. 1b shows a longitudinal section,

Pig. FIG. 2 shows a simplified planar section of the wire insertion bell running parallel to the partition wall, FIG.

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3 shows an embodiment of the wire insertion bell according to the invention, in which both the outer wall and the inner wall have the shape of a rotational body,

4 shows an embodiment of the insulator according to the invention with a parallelogram cross section,

FIG. 5 shows the counterpart according to the invention of the isolator shown in FIG. 1, which corresponds to the prior art

Before the invention will be explained in more detail by exemplary embodiments, based on the prior art shown in FIG. 1, the consideration forming the basis of the inventive idea will be derived.

The idea of the invention is based on the following consideration: The task of the wire-feed bells is to supply one or more current-carrying conductors under voltage or to be put under voltage through one in the majority of. Cases made of conductive material, earthed partition, e.g. a metal sheet to pass. Due to the high level of electrical stress, the wire insertion bell must be able to withstand a very high mechanical load. In the prior art, ie in a known insulator, enclosing the insulating body 12 in the vicinity of the partition wall 13 or the current conductor 11 as a pipe, bush, disk or box-shaped body. For reinforcement, a partition wall 18 provided in the insulating body or an insert which adjoins the insulating body 12 or an insert which adapts to two adjacent electric conductors 11 can be used. In the following, the possible variants of the reinforcements or supports are referred to uniformly as partitions 18, since in the assembled state ultimately also the inserts exert the function of such a wall. The room separation

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hn

extends also toxlen cavity enclosing, located outside of the insulator airspace. Such as. From Fig. 1 it can be seen, the outer partition wall stub of the partition wall 13 adapts.

In Pig. 1b, the shortest distance I ^ between the conductor 11 and the partition wall 13 * -the distance I ,, which expresses the strength of the wall of the insulator 12 attributable to this path and which exists between the conductor 11 and the partition wall 13 in the air dielectric shortest distance L, drawn. The wall of the insulating body 12 shown as an example has the shape of a body of revolution, its axis of rotation is at the same time the longitudinal axis CJ of the cavity enclosed by the insulating body.

The insulator body 12 can only fulfill its function when the electrical strength of the distance L ^ between the or the current conductor (s) 11 and the partition wall 13 »compared to the existing by the strength of the along the distance Lj and compared with the air given higher value dielectric and on the route L _L - L- present air dielectric is present exceeds the set in a corresponding Torschrift setpoint and the distance L ^., as the shortest airway, which in principle from the longitudinal distance H of the wall of the insulating 12 is determined to ensure electrical strength that meets or exceeds the set point specified in the regulation, these conditions are generally met when, in the existence of the conditions, the electrical resistance associated with the distance Iw is lower than that along the path passing through the distance Lr can be characterized. In this case, the possible breakdown is not carried out in the material des.Isolierkörpers, but in the surrounding the insulating air.

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As a by no means less important characteristic of the insulator of the creepage distance can be considered, this is the shortest distance that can be measured between the grounded partition 13 and the current conductor 11 »Its minimum length is determined by the distance L ~. In general, the length of the creepage path for the usual wire-entry bells reaches the setpoint set for the given insulator.

It is readily understood that in the manufacture of the insulating body 12 of two halves and in the assembly of the half body, the air gaps inevitably formed between the partial surfaces affect the strength ratios. The resulting electric fields represent fields with numerous "variants. So in the division previously sought maximum symmetry, but at the same time is then at a clearly symmetrical division due to the opposing air gaps of the insulation distance so shortened that one has the obvious disadvantage of undivided Insulation body nevertheless takes into account, so that a sufficient electrical strength is ensured.

Bs was now recognized that this Torgehen takes place only because of an unmotivated prejudice. The two half-bodies can then also be arranged in mirror image to each other and provide a balanced mirror mechanism with respect to the occurring at the given application site coming fields with numerous variants when the half-body is not consequential planymmetric. If only the insulating body 22 (Figure 2) is formed along at least two opposing lengths of a plurality of parallel walls and the sub-areas in the two adjacent outer and inner walls are mutually displaced, the insulation distance can be increased accordingly. This arrangement is illustrated in FIG. The distance L ^, is the sum of the following distances:

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L, = the smallest distance between the current conductor 31 and the air gaps formed between the partial surfaces 37a, 37b formed in the inner wall 35,

L = the length of the air gap,

L + = the smallest distance between the air gaps present in the inner wall 35 and the outer wall 34,

L '= the length of the air gaps present in the outer wall 34,

L_ = the smallest path length between the outer wall 34 of the. Insulating body 32 and the partition 33rd

Thus, the relationship is:

V = h + \ + h * V ⁺ V

By appropriate arrangement of the partial surfaces 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b in the outer wall 34 and the inner wall 35 can be achieved that Iw ', - ^ Lg. When in Pig. 3 illustrated embodiment, both "walls 34, 35 in the form of a body of revolution, wherein the axis of rotation of the body of revolution forms the longitudinal axis of the cavity UJ of the cavity and the outer surface portions 36a, 36b in the outer wall 34, along two opposing, from one through the rotation axis passing bisector plane X of the rotary body cut lines are arranged, while the inner part surfaces 37a, 37b in the mutually opposite, enclosing with the outer wall 34 coaxial inner wall 35, along two of the other, with the bisecting plane "^ f an angle OIL, by the axis of rotation passing through halving ß are cut out line. Under the expected geometrical conditions,

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follows the rotation within the range 165 -c * »- 15. Now, if the thus configured two half-body 32a and 32b along the part surfaces 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b attached after 'tense to each other, brings the split training under any circumstances a reduction in electrical strength below the minimum setpoint with it, at the same time is a simplified manufacturing and mounting technology achieved.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4a, the cross-section of both the outer and inner walls 44 and 45 in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis j of the hollow body has the shape of a parallelogram, more precisely a rectangle, suitably with rounded corners. In the opposite sides 44a and 44b of the outer wall 44, the outer surface portions 36a and 36b are configured; in the inner walls 45a and 45b running parallel thereto, the inner partial surfaces 37a and 37b are designed so that the outer partial surface - e.g. 36a - in which one of the on the sides 44a, 44b and 45a, 45b perpendicularly extending halving plane cf cut half space A ^ contains, while the outer part surface 37a is omitted in the other half of the room Aj. For the sake of clarity, the partial surfaces 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b have not been represented completely in all partial figures. The positions not shown in FIG. 1 a have a similar position to the positions shown in FIG. 1 b, wherein the meaning "of the partial surfaces 36 b and 37 b not shown in FIG. 4 can be seen from FIG. 3.

In the Fig. 4b and 4c embodiments are shown, in which in the insulating body 42, the circumference of the body in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis uJ plane, the cross-sectional shape of a parallelogram, expedient one

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Rectangles with rounded corners has. Along the opposite sides of this rectangle, the outer wall 44 is configured, and within the same, parallel to it, one or more inner walls 45, are provided. In each outer wall and in the corresponding inner wall, the outer or inner partial surfaces 36a, 36b and 37a, 37b are formed such that the outer partial surface 36a is applied to one of the halving planes perpendicular to the walls 44, 45, 46 > $ cut half of the room

"Λ, ^ is omitted, while the inner part surface 37a accounts for the other half of the room Xa .

As can be seen from the figure, the wire-introducing bells can be considered as cross-layered insulation. In the case of insulating materials coated in the transverse direction, the voltage across the insulating materials is distributed in a ratio inversely proportional to the dielectric constant. If an operating voltage is now applied to the electrodes bounded by the layered insulation, a voltage which exceeds the breakdown voltage can pass to the air gaps of small size connected in series with the solid dielectric, which leads to a partial discharge. If, in the stratified insulation, a small air gap is connected in series with a wider air gap, to some extent the resulting breakdown voltage of the air gaps will be greater than the proportion actually attributable thereto from the operating voltage.

The split high-voltage insulator according to the invention makes it possible that the set value of the initial voltage of the partial discharge is maintained, since the said small air gap is connected in series with a larger air gap.

This favorable property exists regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the insulating body, depending on

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the particular shape of the conductor to be insulated.

In Pig. Fig. 5 illustrates the manner in which the division according to the invention has been realized in the conventional insulating body shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5a shows the front view, Fig. 5b shows a section through the assembled system in plan view.

The four current conductors 51 are arranged by means of the spacers 57 at a certain prescribed distance from each other; the passageway cavity receiving the conductors is enclosed by the ¹¹ "wire entry bell formed by the two half bodies 52a and 52b.

The insulating body is fastened to the partition wall 53 with the aid of the screw 54, nut 55 and washer 56. When mounting the attachment of the spacers 57 is performed positively. Current conductors 51 of varying degrees can be inserted into the uniformly dimensioned insulating bodies 52, only the dimension of the spacers 57 must be selected according to the respective current conductor.

5, a further embodiment of the wire insertion bell according to the invention is illustrated. While the outer and inner part surfaces 36a, 36b and 37a ₅ 37b of the two half-bodies (these reference numbers are not recited in FIG. 5) are displaced in the manner shown in FIG. 5 along the circumference of the walls According to the invention, the dividing wall 18 (FIG. 1) dividing the air space of the cavity into two parts dividing the air space along the longitudinal axis c * j is divided into several parts in a manner shown in FIG. 5b, in such a way that that the

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The outer wall of the insulating body 52 adapts itself to a space-enclosing outer wall 58a from the outside (in the example shown it protrudes from the outer wall), from the inside an inner space-enclosing wall 58b fits while the space-enclosing inner wall 58c is connected to the inner wall of the insulating body 52. The respectively adjacent two walls - on the one hand the wall 58a and 58b, and on the other hand the walls 58b and 58c - are shifted against each other along the longitudinal axis u) .

From Fig. 5 the obtained by the shifted arrangement of the partial surfaces and shielding increased insulating distance can be seen, was also by the axial displacement of the partition walls 58a, 58b; 58c reaches the appropriate length of the creepage path, as well as the series connection of the larger air gap with the smaller air gap.

The advantage of the high-voltage wire insertion bell according to the invention is that, in contrast to the conventional insulating the assembly in a simple? / Eise can be made in place without the ease of assembly is at the expense of electrical and mechanical strength or reliability. Likewise, a subsequent replacement of the insulator is possible in a simple manner.

As a particular advantage it should be mentioned that the half-body itself can be designed with a fairly favorable geometry, the production is simple, the insulator can be used as a mutually exchangeable element in conductors with different dimensions, only the spacers must always according to the size of the respective Power conductor can be selected. The wire insertion bell according to the invention requires no special maintenance.

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Claims (4)

-.-, "- 237657 O Invention entitled; 1. Hochspannuiigs wire entry bell for electrical lines, in particular busbars whose insulator, the cavity whose longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor (the current conductor) extends, practically along a continuous circumference encloses, while the air space of the cavity of the (the) along the on the longitudinal axis vertical plane arranged support (s), eg partitioned into two parts, characterized in that the insulator (32) consists of two or more walls along at least two opposite extensions of the shell of the through cavity, such that the outer wall (34) encloses at least one inner wall (35) and the insulating body (32) is formed by two half bodies (32a, 32b) which adjoin one another along the partial surfaces (36a, 36b, 37b) Outside wall (34) formed outer partial surfaces (36a, 36b) relative to the in the adjacent inner wall (35) formed inner partial surfaces (37a, 37b) along the circumference of the walls (34, 35) are displaced, that in the outer wall of the insulating body ( 52) or the outside wall-fitting outer and inner Trennwande- (58 a, 58 b) are mutually displaced, and in that the outer wall (34) adapting inner partition (58 b) g egenüber which the inner wall: y (35) of the insulating body (52) from inside adaptive inner partition wall (58c) along the longitudinal axis of the cavity is also displaced. 2. High-voltage wire insertion bell according to item 1, characterized in that the outer wall (34) and the inner wall (35) aufwei- the shape of a rotational body aufwei- • - H - -237657 O wherein the axis of rotation of the rotary bodies simultaneously forms the longitudinal axis (co) of the cavity, and in that the outer partial surfaces (35a, 35b) in the outer wall (34)> along two opposing, according to one, by the axis of rotation passing halving plane ( The inner part surfaces (37a, 37b) in the outer wall (34) coaxial inner wall (35) along two opposite, from the other, with the first half of Hälbierungsebene (or) an angle (d <.) (165 ° ^ -c * - ^ 15 °) enclosing ¹ , ¹ ^ the lines of rotation are formed through the halving plane ( β ) described by passing. 3. High-voltage D'rahteinführungsglocke according to item 1, .gekennzeichnet characterized in that in the on the longitudinal axis (i * i) of the hollow body existing cross-section of both the outer wall (44) and the inner wall (45) a parallelogram, appropriate a rectangle with. rounded corners, wherein the outer partial surfaces (36a, 36b) formed in the opposite sides (44a, 44b) of the outer wall (44) 3ino that in the inner wall (45), the inner partial surfaces (37a, 37b) are configured, that the outer partial surface (36a) of the respectively adjacent outer or inner partial surfaces (36a, 37a) into the one half of the partial vertical surfaces (36a, 37a) • bierungsebene ((f) cut half of the room ( Aq) and the inner part surface (37a) in the other half of the room ()) _entf ) is omitted. , 4. High-voltage wire entry bell according to item 1, characterized in that in the insulating body (42) of the circumference of the in the on the longitudinal axis (<^) of the cavity vertical plane existing cross-section 237657 O Parallelogram, suitably bounded by a rectangle with rounded corners, wherein along the opposite sides of the same the outer wall (44) is formed, while within it, parallel to her su, one or more inner walls (45, 46) are provided, and in that each outer wall and in the adjacent to this inner wall, the outer or inner partial surfaces are formed so that the outer partial surface (36a) on the one of the on the walls (44, 45, 46) perpendicular bisecting plane (<$ ) cut out half of the room (A ^) and the inner partial surface (37b) in the other half of the room. (X ^) deleted. - For this 4 sheets drawings - - 16 -