DD140222A2 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING OBJECTS OF FIBER-REINFORCED MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of articles in the form of plates, profiles and moldings. Things are by pinning or telescoping with help retractable profiles for buildings, domes, machine panels or the like can be enlarged. The aim of the invention is mentioned Objects preferably automatically with high labor productivity to produce in tact or flow production. The task exists in it, the reinforcing materials with liquid plastics to bubble, wet and compact bubbles, then shape and with a support core, e.g. made of foams and incorporated To connect profiles intimately and then harden or to solidify. The essence of the invention is individual Reinforcing material blanks in multiple planes and directions too a central manufacturing method to transport in this way to be impregnated by mechanical, in particular ultrasound oscillations, to vent and compress, then partially deform and Pre-harden to one from another direction and level to put transported support core, before or while on or in to introduce these profiles and then the resulting structure under direction and / or plane change in the production form to transport, then again during the closing process compact, harden, demold as finished clay and after by inserting solid or hollow profiles in the object located profiles to buildings or other moldings su unite. Areas of application of the objects are plates for Walls and roofs, cladding for houses and rooms, profiles or shaped bodies for a variety of applications such as for buildings, as construction site facilities, halls, weekend houses, camping trailers, Domes or the like, ducts or pipes, covers, Machine body, panels of machinery or equipment, heat and / or Cold protection container or the like. - Fig.1 -

Description

ViP B 29 d / 195 922. ·

Method and device for the production of articles from fiber-reinforced materials

1 ^^ "l lIIIl) HIIIIIILUI il | l Il .1 .1 I II.L! 1IMIII 11 I WIIIIIII! III, .HMIII-

.Automation of the invention

The invention relates to a method and a device for. Production of articles made of fiber-reinforced materials, in particular of layers or application layers of fiber-reinforced plastics and other materials, also of different chemical composition and / or density, in which the materials in the respective required composition, form, quantity and time unit supplied to the individual production stages or _β- devices and processed therein, the materials mixed with 'hardeners and / or accelerators and / or activators or * sensitizers and / or thixotropic agents or the like and / or the layers being at standstill or moving or * transported or twisted surfaces, cores or production forms, and the shaping and / or impregnation and wetting, in particular the reinforcing materials with the preferably unsaturated polyesters or epoxy resins binder and their bubble-free compression and Ausri rectification by kinetic energy transmitted to it periodically, preferably in the form of mechanical vibrations, with simultaneous or subsequent shaping and / or solidification, preferably by energy input, in particular by suitable electromagnetic waves. is carried out and at which the mechanical vibrations

be transferred to the materials via a lump-like deformable wall or thin layer, according to Po. + er> T

Characteristics of the known te chnical solutions .

a method and apparatus for carrying out the method of making fiber reinforced articles

Materials exactly as described above, '.'.

In the method, the mechanical vibrations or pressure or shock pulses are preferably under a mosaic. differentiation at the same time or change or converse in an elastically deformable, z. B, consisting of flexible materials or thin sheet wall of a substrate, a core and / or a manufacturing mold and / or arranged in the "mow the surface of the pad, the core and / or the manufacturing form corresponding thin layer and / o in a one side of the wall and / or the thin layer bordering and filled with at least one schott enabled pasty, liquid or gaseous medium Raum.oder cavity generated and / or transmitted to the corresponding wall, the thin layer or the medium and / or by means of Wall, the thin layer and / or the medium transferred to the materials »

The device consists of at least one, preferably a number of individually ^, or jointly controllable induction coils which are introduced into said wall or thin layer or around the optionally double-walled manufacturing form or in the near this and / or in the core o.der in meanwhile, they are mounted and connected to voltage sources, possibly intermediate transformers and control devices, for example a programmer, which also controls the supply and / or metering and / or treatment and / or drive and / or transport devices and that the material of the form of manufacture or of its wall, of the core and / or of the thin layer or at least one layer of this porm or of the core is magnetic or magnetizable.

- 3 is material

 Aim of the invention

The aim of the invention is to improve the method and the device according to the main invention property rights to simplify _f to make more universally applicable, and especially mechanized in the continuous process, in particular to produce automated mentioned objects as finished products so that these, after leaving the device without any. are laughing working usable a long service life or have *, resistant to weathering are una can be combined into structures, containers, or the like * or with a corresponding design itself as Behältercter like _tt serve. Here are the objects esp. As panels, preferably composite or sandwich panels for walls and roofs, panels for houses and rooms, profiles or moldings for buildings, such as construction sites, halls, weekend houses, vehicles for road, rail, water and luftj Camping «trailer , Domes or the like, canals, pipes, covers, machine bodies or machine elements, cladding of machinery or equipment, heat and / or cold storage containers, deck superstructures or installations for or in ships, or dergl _e used.

the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art methods and devices and to provide a method and apparatus for making articles of fiber reinforced and / or other materials, with or with the mechanized or automated preferably nested objects, can be produced, which consist of at least one support core made of various materials and cladding layers of fiber-reinforced materials and which have at least one, preferably more insbes ", planar base and / or cover and / or side surfaces in which the flowable or liquid materials or the binders are automatically distributed on or in the reinforcing materials and these are soaked and wetted and at the same time or afterwards deaerated and compacted; then the soaked, wetted and pre-formed fiber reinforcement materials

united with your support core and other elements to a whole and solidified, if necessary, such objects to buildings, containers or the like. Pinned together and / or glued together.

The above object is achieved in the method according to the invention in that discontinuous or kontunierlich from at least two directions in a plane and / or from at least one direction in at least two levels and / or from at least two directions in at least two levels dry or already'mit liquid hardened or solidifiable materials impregnated reinforcing material blanks and / or reinforcing material preforms placed on films and / or conveyor belts and then preferably with the film and / or the conveyor belt on the respective direction and level associated vibration, vibration and / or Ultraschallverdichtungs- and -entlüftungseinrichtungen transported and bled on this bubble-free and compressed and then passed through or via associated deformation devices and there are partially or completely deformed, that these then pre-cured and / or immediately supplied to a production mold and un ter directional and / or level and / or side or contact surface change brought into this form, formed there or reshaped and / or at least partially or completely brought into contact and before and / or after closing of the production form by their heating and / or hardened or solidified by the supply of energy required for curing (polymerization or polycondensation) or solidification, optionally with support cores and / or spacing elements and / or fastening elements adapted to the size and shape of the article to be produced and / or metered application and / or introduction of foamable materials on and / or between the reinforcing material blanks and / or preform ^ before and / or after the introduction of the preferably shaped reinforcing material blanks or preforms into the production mold.

The method according to the invention is further characterized by

characterized in that from at least one direction and / or level at least one support core adapted to the object to be produced in size and shape and / or at least one spacer and / or fastener, consisting e.g. honeycomb, hard or soft foam e.g. made of polyurethane, another profile core of various materials or the like elements on or under at least one or between more than one Verstärkungsmaterialzuschnitt or -vorformling before and / or after said compression and venting device, possibly the blank or preform by this Stütskern or the said elements from top to bottom and / or vice versa partially or completely deformed and then the resulting structure further processed or brought into the manufacturing mold, where appropriate slightly pressed and / or preferably exposed to the production form said or further compression movements and thereby and / / or thereafter hardened and / or solidified.

The further embodiment of the method according to the invention is achieved in that on a flexible, preferably longitudinally and transversely stretchable tape-shaped pad or film or in the production form, in which preferably already has a release agent or a release film, first at least one already compressed and vented, possibly precured and yet deformable reinforcing material blank or preform and thereby partially or completely deformed by the pad or film or the manufacturing mold and the weight of the blank or preform, that thereafter on this blank or preform and / or on other blanks or preforms at least one of the deformation by supporting its own weight supporting core and / or at least one spacer and / or fastener and thereon at least one other said blank or preform and the structure located on the substrate or film in the manufacture is brought form that after the curing reaction is triggered or carried out and the production form is closed if necessary, except for vents, pressure relief valves or pressure seals or the like.

optionally before and / or during curing or solidification, the pressure in the production mold is increased slightly (preferably beyond the shrinkage level), e.g. by volume compression (density or weight increase) of the object and / or reduction of the filling space of the production form.

The above object is achieved in the device according to the invention in that a preferably centrally arranged fixed or in at least one direction and / or from at least one direction in another direction or plane transportable and with opening and closing mechanisms and a control and / or Control device equipped manufacturing form at least two locations in at least one plane, preferably in at least two levels and in the direct or indirect direction to the production form, for example one after the other or one above the other and assigned to the locations and / or levels of storage and / or dosing and / or impregnation devices for said materials and / or body, for release agent and / or release film and / or transport foil or the like., Transport devices (as horizontal transport devices equipped with drive motors) for transporting the materials, bodies, foils or the like in the respective plane, preferably interchangeable cutting and / or punching and / or reinforcing material preform feeders for producing reinforcing material blanks or for feeding reinforcing material preforms, cutting and / or punching waste receptacles. or -aufwickel- and transport devices, impregnation devices for supplying the liquid or flowable binder, possibly short fiber and / or Kurζfaser / binder spray devices, vibration, vibration and / or Ultraschallbindemittelverteilungs- and / or venting un d / or compacting devices for simultaneous rapid spreading of the binder on and / or in the reinforcing material blanks and / or preforms and for deaerating and / or densifying these impregnated blanks or preforms, Vorverformvorrichturigen for partially or completely deforming or forming the blanks or Vorforrnlinge to semifinished , if necessary pre-hardening devices for pre-hardening or preheating or for triggering the

_ 7 -

Solidification reaction or for gelling at least one, preferably the outer surface of the semifinished product, optionally trimming and / or separating devices for trimming and / or Besüuraen or separating the semi-finished, the production form associated gripper and / or transport devices (as vertical transport devices) with drive motors, and Process computers and / or control devices or regulating devices for the control and / or regulation of the drive motors, the speed of the preforming rollers, the temperature of the pre-hardening or hardening devices, the closing and opening mechanisms of the production form or the like, are added to the drive motors and sensors arranged on different production devices. stationed suitable process parameters.

According to the invention, the device is furthermore characterized in that at least one further location in at least one plane and in the direction of the production mold successively comprises storage devices for support cores and / or spacing and / or fastening elements and / or supply and / or metering devices for the production of support cores and / or said other elements with associated foam molds, transport devices for transporting the support cores and / or elements and in the vicinity of the manufacturing form associated gripper and / or transport devices for introducing said support cores or elements are constructed in the manufacturing mold.

The operation of the device according to the invention is the following

For commissioning the device according to the invention, the process computer or the control and / or regulating device 23 is actuated, the or after a predetermined program that is stored (flow control and / or regulation) the machine systems I shown in Figure 1; II; III; and the cutting and / or punching devices 12a or preform feeding devices 12b associated with the machine systems I and II with their cutting and / or punching waste receiving and transporting devices 14 and the opening and closing device shown in FIG

Locking mechanism 45; 46 via the control and / or regulating device 47 or without the latter directly time-dependent turns on.

In this way, the reinforcing material blanks 13 a or reinforcing material preforms 13 b to be processed by the I. and II. Machine systems are transported in the direction of the production mold 2 and are impregnated there with binder, for distribution, venting and compression into said oscillations, to the semifinished product 13c and 13 e deformed and pre-hardened. In parallel, the III. Machine core system to be produced or processed support cores 27 and / or corresponding distance and / or fasteners and / or hollow and / or solid profiles also transported to the manufacturing mold 2. First of all, the reinforcing material blank or preform converted from the machine system to the semifinished product 13 c is grasped by the gripper and / or transport device 20 a and conveyed into the production mold 2. Immediately thereafter, the support core 27 and / or said other elements and / or profiles of the gripper and / or transport device 20 b of III. Machine system detected and transported to the manufacturing mold 2 and lastly done the same with the II. Machine system produced semi-finished product 13 e, which is detected by the gripper and / or transport device 20 c and transported to the manufacturing mold, which is immediately closed and zv / Ar by means of the movement or closing mechanism In this way, the object 35 is produced from the three semi-finished products 13 c, 13 e and 27, which are joined together in the production form 2 and stick together. After opening the mold 2, the article 35 can be removed from this or ejected from this.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawing show:

1 shows a top view and a side view of the device in principle, consisting of three machine systems I arranged in two planes and three directions; II; III;

2 shows a side view of the device in principle, consisting of three in two planes and two directions arranged machine systems I; II; III;

Fig.3: ein.Herstellungsform with hinged side walls and cover in a perspective view, in'der top view and in side view in principle;

4a shows a production mold with sliding side walls and cover with control, in side view, and plan view, in principle;

4b: a manufacturing mold constructed from mold tools in the closed state;

5 shows a reinforcing material blank 13a or a reinforcing material preform 13b for a product with a square covering and / or base area;

FIG. 6 shows a reinforcement material blank or preform for an item having a triangular cover and base area; FIG.

Figure 7: a to be created from two reinforcing material blanks and a support core object as a hexagonal body (hexagonal body);

8a: a reinforcing material blank shaped according to FIG. 5 from top to bottom to the semifinished product;

Fig.8b: a support core 27 with introduced hollow profiles;

8c shows a reinforcing material blank shaped according to FIG. 5 from the bottom to the top of the semifinished product;

FIG. 9a shows an article finished according to FIG. 8 with hollow profiles introduced parallel to the side surfaces, in plan and side view; FIG.

FIG. 9b shows an article according to FIG. 9a with parallel hollow profiles introduced at an angle to the lateral surfaces; FIG.

9c shows an article according to FIG. 9a with hollow profiles introduced at an angle to one another and at an angle to the lateral surfaces;

FIG. 9d shows an article according to FIG. 9a with hollow profiles introduced in parallel to one side surface each, ie crossed;

~ 10 -

10 shows a manufactured according to Figure 7, in two directions (biaxially) curved object.

11 shows an article produced according to FIG. 5 or 8 in three views;

Fig.12: an article according to Fig.11, consisting of a central part and an upper part and also a lower part, which are moved to the central part;

Fig. 13: a perspective view of an article having an angle profile;

Fig. 1.4: a profile acc. Fig. 13, with the upper part shifted lower part acc. 11 shows;

Fig.15: a perspective view of an article acc. 12 shows;

Fig.16: a profile gem. Fig.13, with shifted to the outer parts middle part acc. 12 shows;

FIG. 17 shows an article consisting of a flat lower part and an upper part projecting from it in an angle upwards in three views; FIG.

Fig.18: a consisting of a flat base and two of this angled upwardly projecting tops object in three views;

Fig.19: a composite of several aforementioned objects of different shape construction in the side view and in plan view with objects gem. Figs. 17 and 18;

FIG. 20 shows an article or support core consisting of two parts and containing two parallel groove-like depressions. FIG.

According to FIG. 1 , the device consists of three machine systems which are in mutual operative connection with each other. Ii II} III »of which the first I in the" feeding plane jSja * the second II in the feeding plane JTt) and the third in the feeding plane 5je * The machine system Ϊ is technically the same machine system II, the machine system III is to I * and H _{0 are} technically equivalent, the devices of _Ic and II "being the same except for one exception, but differing substantially from the devices of the machine system III." All three machine systems Ij II.j III are in the direction 6 of their common The production mold 2 is either fixedly mounted on a base or a table or is preferably in tact or continuously movable and part of a cycle line or a clock carousel, which have a required number of production forms 2 according to the production speed,

With 1 ^ a is the transport direction and jjjj the transport plane of the manufacturing mold 2 is shown * The manufacturing mold 2 consists of at least one Grund • surface or a mold 2 a, sidewalls or Fornmrerkzeugeri 2 b and at least one lid or mold 2 c according to Figure 3 and A ₄ , with 3 ^ and 4 are the places or * starting point of the materials una / or moldings or the like, which serve for the production of the object (for example 35) "designated * The machine systems I and II consist of ¹ 3 © storage devices for Reinforcement material 7, here shown as reinforcing material band 8, from deflection rollers S for deflecting and combining the reinforcing materials or bands from several directions (if required) in one direction and / or plane, at least one interchangeable cutting and / or punching device 12a for manufacturing reinforcing material blanks and / or at least one reinforcing material preform ingzuführungsvorrichtung

12 by punching either of the supplied Verstärkungsmaterialbend 8 the corresponding blank 13 a (punch / die) or a woven, knitted, knitted, stitched together or the like produced Verstärkungsmaterialvorformling 13 b on the release and / or transport, foil or » Transporting conveyor belt 11 * The cutting and / or punching waste of reinforcing materials is formed with the aid of the cutting and / or punching waste receiving or "winding and transporting device 14" Under the device 12 a, here as a punch and die formed (The punch ' is axially movable), is the transported film or the conveyor belt 11, the or, which is preferably transparent. The release and / or transport film 11 is unwound from a corresponding supply roll IO and, if necessary, on a take-up roll 10 a after transport of the reinforcing material blank or the preform

13 a j b wound up again. The film 11 is passed over deflection rollers 26. Instead of or in addition to this film transport, a preferably transparent endless conveyor belt 11 may be used, which is also deflected over the pulleys 26 and / or transported and is tensioned by the tension rollers 26 a which are vertically adjustable to * above that in the direction of the manufacturing form. 2 transported blank or preform 13 ajb at least one impregnator 15 for supplying the flowable or liquid binder is arranged, which is operated on the process computer or dia control and / or regulating device 23 time and speed * dependent (the corresponding operative connection is in the figure not shown·). The impregnation device 15 performs a function of the width, length and thickness of the blank or preform 13 a; b this binder, for example unsaturated polyester resin, to which contains hardener and / or accelerator or is harder or schlehligerlos, optionally containing photosensitive catalysts (so-called sensitizers) and / or fillers *

Instead of or in addition to the impregnation device 15, a fiber / resin spray system can be arranged, which produces either the preform 13 b or the blank 13 a or the preform 13 b additionally coated, in such a case, the Foser / resin spray system also or at the location _c in addition to the device 12 are a "in the transport direction j6 after the impregnating device 15 is a vibratory", vibration, and / or lungs Ultraschallbindemittelvertei- ·-j - venting and compacting device 16 for venting, wetting and densifying the impregnated binders Reinforcing material blanks or preform «13 a ι b arranged, which advantageously at the same time by coupling further mentioned vibrators, vibrators and / or ultrasonic vibrator performs the binder distribution /

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 are for the generation of transverse or transversal oscillations transverse or transversal oscillator 51 with drive and for the generation of longitudinal or longitudinal vibrations longitudinal or Längsschwings ger 52 shown with drive *

In the exemplary embodiment, these oscillators consist of eccentrics with connecting rods, wherein the eccentrics have a fixed bearing and the connecting rods are laterally coupled to the device 16,

In this way, the vibrator, a vibrator or Ultra "sound transducers are respectively ,, licensors which oscillates perpendicularly * at the same time (but preferably at a lower frequency and / or amplitude and, optionally, phase shifted) Longitudinal = and transverse vibrations superimposed" This is adjacent to the breathing "Compression and wetting by the vertical vibrations the binder relatively evenly distributed on the substrate or * film and in the reinforcing material blank or preform 13 ο jb evenly, because the binder in two directions a transport or Vertailungsbewegung is granted so that it flows very quickly , By controlling the frequency, wavelength and / or the amplitude of all 3 oscillators (vertical, longitudinal and transversal oscillator) can be a function of the Trarisportgeschwindigkeit a fast and accurate distribution of the binder

in the reinforcing material, a support of the transport and an exact complete wetting of the reinforcing materials or fibers with the binder and proper venting and compression of both materials are performed, with low increase in frequency and / or amplitude of the longitudinal vibrations against the transverse vibrations of the transport supports and even in this way, the production speed can be increased slightly and the production time can be shortened accordingly.

If ultrasound transducers are installed in the device 16 instead of vibrators or vibrators, additional effects occur which considerably shorten the production time and significantly increase the ejection speed of the semifinished products and finished products. After the vibrating device 16, a pre-deformation device 17 is arranged here U-profile and Vorverformungsrollen 18 and on which the reinforcing material blank 13 a or the reinforcing material preform 13 b preformed, d _e h, here in the example U-shaped, namely in the machine system I from top to bottom. This is effected by the blank 13 a or, the preform 13 b transports sjäie wedge-shaped surface of the U-profile and its sides by its own weight and / or the rollers 18 to this Preferably, the blank 13 a or, the preform 13 b covered before the deformation from the horizontal with a release or cover to gluing the liquid binder on the rollers 18 to avoid. This film is removed after deformation or after further process steps. This cut to the semi-finished 13 c and 13 e cut 13 a or preform 13 b to the U-profile 13 d and 13 f (gsdreht in the plane by 90 °) is now the Vorhärtevorrichtung 19 and fed

J!

there preferably pre-hardened to the extent that its upper or outer upper or outer surface no longer sticks, then passes this to the semi-finished 13 c shaped blank 13 a or preform 13 b 'a trimming and / or separating device 34,' this if necessary, pruned or trimmed or even divided into at least 2 parts. The semifinished product 13 c or _e. 13 e is then detected by the gripper and: odar transport device 20 a and 20 c and transported one after the other with the interposition of a supplied from the machine system III support core 27 in the manufacturing mold 2. "The gripper and / or transport device 20 consists of a gripper mechanism _t which detects the respective semifinished product 13 c or "13, 13 e or * the support core 27 to be transported into the production mold 2, transported in the horizontal direction over the mold 2 and then into the vertical direction, · the device 20 has the necessary degrees of freedom «

The machine systems I and II thus differ only in that the preforming device 17 of the machine system is rotated by 180 ° relative to the II * machine system.

The machine system III consists of the conveyor belt for the transport of the support cores and / or spacing and / or fastening elements and / or the solid and / or hollow profiles over the pulleys 26 and a tension pulley 26 a is guided and transported * above the. Conveyor belt are oine feeding device 28 for the supply of the support 'cores 27 and / or a feeder 29 for the supply of the distance and / or fasteners or body and then a feeder 30 for the supply of hollow and / or solid profiles or "body arranged.

If the support core, for example, from a foam, such as a plastic foam, preferably made of polyurethane, .bestehen, this can be made equal with

This is done by the fact that instead of Stützkernzuführungavo.r direction 28 or after the device 30 a Vorratsund 2uführung3Vorrichtung for foamable materials 31, consisting of the device 31 a for the material of component A and from the device 31 b for the material of component B, the mixed into the downstream foam mold 32, the foamable materials and metered introduce, "The from the foam mold 32 after 'opening of this down on the conveyor belt 25 transported support core 27 is detected by the gripper and / or transport device 20 b of this III, machine system and after the introduction of the semifinished product 13 e is also transported to the production form 2 «

The gripper and / or transport devices 20 aj b; c each have drive motors 21 which run synchronously with each other, but start up or are controlled with a time delay to convey the semi-finished products 13 c, 13 e and 27 successively into the production mold 2.

The deflection rollers 26 of all three machine systems I, · II; III are driven by a common drive motor 22 and are mechanically connected to each other via gears and thereby run synchronously. In the figure, bevel gear are shown as a transmission. The synchronous operation of the gripper and / or transport devices 20 a; bj c to the transport speed of the conveyor belts 11 and, 25 and, of the motor 22 and the other Vorrich-. 2; 8th; 10; 12; 15; 16; 18; 19; 34; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33 is performed by a process computer and / or a control and / or regulating device 23, to which the connecting lines 24 of the gripper and / or transport devices 20 a; b; c and the drive motor 22 and other illustrated or not shown connecting lines are guided.

In order to monitor the production process, sensors 50 are arranged on different production devices, which transmit their measured values continuously or discontinuously.

transmitted tinuously for a program to process controller 23, which controls the process flow and the controlling or in case of deviations from the desired values regulating engaging t _e For example, the rotational speed of the preform rollers 18 and the temperature of the precure apparatus 19 is measured by the transducer 50 and the process computer 23 transmitted " Further, the viscosity of the binder can be measured by the aid of the coenzyme measuring method by means of a voltage-value-converted waiting point of a viscometer or the degree of wetting of the reinforcing materials (the reinforcing material blanks 13a or the preform 13'b), and input to the process computer Way, the entire process is automated.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the device in principle, consisting of three machine systems I arranged in two planes and two directions; II} III, wherein the I * formed from top to bottom of the reinforcing material blank 13 d, the II * the support core 27 and the III "transformed from bottom to top reinforcing material blank 13 f to the manufacturing mold 2 transports. After introducing these semi-finished 13 c, 13 β and 27 in the manufacturing mold 2, this is closed and ejected, for example, after further heat supply after curing or solidification of the finished object «

FIG _c 3 shows a Herstellungsforrn 2 with fold-down side winches 2 b and foldable Dachshund 2 c TiVi shear in perSspsk 'view' in the plan view and is side view, with 2 a is the base area and with 39 are the hinges of the production mold 2 referred to the Seitonvvände 2 b and the lid 2 c open and close «

Fig _e 4 a shows the principle of a Hsrstellungsform 2 in dsr top view and dor side view, which consists of a fixed base plate 2a, from horizontally in the direction of

195 922

Center movable molds 2 b and a perpendicular to the base plate 2 a movable mold 2 c exists and which is shown in the open state. The arrows indicate the respective direction of movement. At the forming tools 2 b and 2 c respectively mechanics, electro-mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic elements or, ßewegungs- or, opening and closing mechanisms or pistons 45 are arranged, which perform the respective closing and opening movement individually, in pairs or together. These mechanisms or pistons 45 are connected via respective connecting conduits 36, each with associated intermediate members 46, for example, designed as pneumatic or hydraulic valves or distributors, electrical. electromechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically connected. These intermediate members 46 receive their pulses, for example, the on and off pulses via corresponding pulse lines 37 directly from another control or regulating device 47 or from the process computer and / or the control and / or regulating device 23, thus controls or regulates and / or switches Device 23, the device 47 preferably electrically or electronically to the required synchronous operation of the drive motors 21 j 22 and the devices 20 a; b; c with the pegs 46 and the movement mechanisms to ensure time-delayed accordingly. The device 47 may also be controlled by the motors 21 and / or 22 via associated contacts.

Fig. 4b shows one of forming tools 2a; b; c fabricated manufacturing mold 2 in the retracted state with therein appropriately shaped article 35, the article 35 is completely enclosed in the fed state of the production form 2; if necessary, vent holes or valves are available. The article 35 consists of correspondingly shaped semi-finished products 13 c, 13 e and the foam core 27,

 2 C

The operation of the device described in the embodiment is the following .:

To start up the device according to the invention, the process computer or the control and / or regulating device 23 is actuated, or which, according to a previously defined and stored program (sequence control and / or regulation JVin FXg _5, 1) illustrated machine systems II II, III and the opening and / or closing mechanism 45, 46 shown in FIG. 4 a is switched directly via the control and / or regulating device 47 or directly without time control. In this way, the drive motor 22 receives power and drives it via bevel gearboxes "Engaged drive" und.Umlenkrollen 26 and thus the transport sheets or conveyor belts 11 of all three machine systems I; II, III. In this way, the transport sheets or tapes 11 and 25 move in the direction J> to the production form 2, Depending on the time, the not shown in Fig., And with the process computer and / or the control and / or Regelvovo 23 electrically connected drive motors of the cutting and / or punching device 12 a and the cutting and / or punching waste receptacle or * "« winding and transport device 14 or the preform supply device 12 b ", the vibration, vibration and / odor ultrasonic binder distribution j - venting and compression device 16 with its transverse or transversal oscillator 51 and its longitudinal or longitudinal oscillator of the preforming rollers 18 of the preforming device 17, if it is driven ', and the drive motors 21 of the gripper and / or transport devices shown in FIG 20 a; b; c switched on *

Furthermore vverden the 'not shown in the Figure and III the third machine system associated drive devices of the feeding device 28 for feeding the support cores 27, or the supply and feed device for foamable materials 31 and the foam mold 32, the delivery device for the distance and / or

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Fastening elements or body 29, the supply device for hollow and / or solid profiles or body 30 also actuated time-dependent by the device 23 with which it is electrically connected. , , *

The machine systems I, and II, associated Vorhärtevorrichtungen 19 are also connected as the impregnators 15 electrically connected to the device 23 and are time-dependent on and off, each time as long as the reinforcing material blank 13 a or the reinforcing material preform 13 b on the one hand sufficient binder was supplied and on the other hand, the precuring carried out or, the blank 13 a or the preform 13 b has passed the Vorhärteyorrichtung 19.

After the said drives of said devices have been switched on time-dependent or parallel to each other, the production of the object takes place as follows:

After commissioning of the device according to the invention is deducted from the Verstärkungsmaterialvorratsvorrichtungen 7 band-shaped reinforcing material (z, B, glass mat, glass cloth or the like), deflected by the pulleys and merged and then between the punch and the die of the cutting and / or punching device 12 a for manufacturing of S reinforcing material blanks 13 a out. There, a reinforcing material blank 13 a is punched out of the reinforcing material band 8 and placed on the transport foil or the conveyor belt 11.

Instead of the devices 7, 9, 12 a and 14 and the Verstärkufagsmatcrialbandes at the site of the device 12 a a tarkungsmaterialvorf0rmlingzuführungsvorrichtung 12 b be arranged, the now reinforcing material preforms 13 b on; the conveyor belt 11 stores. In this case, the drives and motors of the Verstärkungsmatsrialvorformlingzuführungsvorrichtungen not shown in FIG aer 12 b electrically connected to the device 23 and / or 43-,

-7Λ -

If in addition to the transparent conveyor belt 11, a transparent Trennfolio 11 transported on the conveyor belt, soo is from the supply and transport roller 10 and on the take-up and transport roller 10 a continuously rewound «, For this purpose, the roller 10 a by a in the _E driven electric motor, not shown, which is also electrically connected to the device 23

The laid on the transport foil or the conveyor belt 11 reinforcing material blanks 13 a or reinforcing material preforms 13 b are now first transported under the above the conveyor belt 11 impregnating devices 15 for supplying aer liquid binder and impregnated during transport «The binder feed takes place in that per unit time a the blank 13 a or preform 13 b in size and shape and thickness adapted amount of binder via nozzles or dergleichsi is supplied «. The control or regulation of the binding means 15 can also be effected in a size-dependent and / or shape-dependent manner by means of a photocell or photocell control also electrically connected to the device 23.

After impregnation, the blanks 13a or preform * 13b are passed over the surface of the vibratory, vibratory and / or ultrasonic binder distribution, aeration and compression devices 16 during transport. Here, the binder is by the transverse or transverse "oscillator 51 and by the longitudinal or longitudinal oscillator 52 in the blank 13 a or preform 13 b more or vveniger rapidly distributed and depending on the type aer vibration in the longitudinal and transverse direction by the vertical vibrations and the capillary action is transported upwards and penetrates the blank or the preform rapidly, wetting all the reinforcing material fibers completely, expels contained bubbles and air and compacts the blank or preform _β in this way

Dor so wetted * wetted and bubble-free compacted blank 13 a or preform 13 b is then during

the transport preferably by means of a not shown in OBr Fig _# illustration or Abdeckfolienzugabevorrichtung (the drive devices are also electrically connected to the device 23) supplied transparent release or cover film to prevent the sticking during the deformation covered and then the Vorverformungsvorrichtung 17th fed these with theirs

* η Vorverformungsrollen 18 detected and in the machine system I from top to bottom and the machine system II from bottom to top to a U-profile 13 d and 13 f transforms. After bz '»v, immediately after the pre-deformation or forming the respective blank 13 a or preform 13 b a Vorhärtevorrichtung 19, for example, from heat or UV irradiators or the like supplied / pre-cured there and then to the respective gripper and Transporting device 20, detected by this and transported one after the other in the production mold 2. Previously, d _# h * before or after the pre-curing, the cover sheet is peeled off said, to which or in front of the precure apparatus 19 in FIG. Unillustrated cutting or waste, for receiving or removing deckfolieniUifnahmevorrichtungen

the pre-formed applied foils ^: 'are *. · ·. ';^:; , '''

~) After the respective blank 13 a or the preform

13 b has passed through the pre-hardening device, it is transported to the mentioned gripper and / or transport devices 20 aj c of the I and II machine systems, seized by these one after the other and, with interimiribration of the nozzle.

, kerns 27 and / or transported by spacer and / or fasteners and / or hollow or solid profiles in the manufacturing mold 2,

With a time delay for the transport and processing of the blank 13a or pre-forking 13b of the I. machine system, the machine system III is actuated and, as required, the feeder 28 for the supply of the support cores 27 and / or the feeder 29 for the supply of Distance * and / or

- Zi - <J ς

Fastening elements and / or the feeding device for the supply of hollow and / or solid profiles set in action. Instead of the supply device 28 for the supply of the support core 27, a supply and supply device for foamable materials 31 8j b 8nge «can be arranged, which in conjunction with an arranged on the conveyor belt 25 foaming mold 32 * supporting cores 27 from the Materialkoraponenten A and B, When using polyurethane support cores is used as component A isocyanate and as component B polyol.

The respective support cores and / or the other elements are deposited on the conveyor belt 25 in a time-dependent manner and transported by the latter to the gripper and / or transport device 20b of the machine system, detected there and after the blank 13a and / or the preform 13 has been introduced also transported into the production form 2 in this.

Immediately thereafter, the blank 13a and / or the preform 13b is trans ported by the gripper and / or transporting device 20c of the Ho machine system into the manufacturing mold 2, which is then closed by means of the movement or closing mechanism 45 "because of the pre-hardening the outer surface of the semi-finished products 1; c and 13 e is tack-free ^ and the inner surface still sticks, the latter adheres to the surface of the support core 27 and / or the mentioned elements and / or [profiles on the one hand and by the pressure exerted on the closing of the production mold 2 on the other hand.

The closing of the manufacturing mold 2 is done either time dependent on command of the process computer and / or the Stener- and / or Regelungsvorichtung 23 via the control and / or re gelungsvorrichtung 47 or directly by the latter * The said command triggers over the intermediate links, example, pneumatic or hydraulic valves or the like from the movement or the "" opening and closing mechanism 45, which closes by means of pistons or the like "the side walls 2b and the cover 2c of the production mold 2φ , whereby a closed mold 2'entsteht» Closing is done with the necessary pressure required to complete the countermeasure.

Standes 35 is sufficient.

Since the base 2 a, the side walls 2 b and the cover 2 c of the manufacturing mold 2 are preferably heated, this heat is transferred to the surface of the article 35, penetrates into this and thus this is added to a whole and cured and as a finished product the production time stored in the manufacturing process by operation of the movement or opening mechanism 45 and a cooperating with this ejected, not shown in the figure ejector.

If the production mold 2 is part of a clock carousel or a cycle line, the closed mold 2 is moved on by one step or cycle, then opened and the article 35 is removed from the mold. Thereafter, the same or another manufacturing form for receiving other semi-finished products 13 c and 13 e of the I. and II. Machine system and in between support cores 27 and / or of corresponding elements or profiles of III. Machine system ready and the entire manufacturing process may be repeated depending on the number of required items 35. Thereafter, the device according to the invention is switched off manually or automatically.

Figure 5 shows a reinforcing material blank 13a or a reinforcing material preform 13b for a square base or top surface article 35 having central portion 40 and two side portions 41 which are bent either up or down the illustrated dashed line as required and Upper or lower part of a semi-finished product 13 c or 13 e form .

Figure 6 shows a reinforcing material blank 13a or a reinforcing material preform 13b for an article 35 having a triangular base and top surface and rectangular side surfaces.

FIG. 7 shows a hexagon-shaped object 35 to be produced from a lower and an upper reinforcing material blank 13 a and a supporting core 27, which according to FIG. Figure 7a of a reinforcing material lower part 42, acc. Fig. 7 b of a reinforcing material shell 43 and gem. Figure 7 c

a support core 27, wherein the located at the respective central part side parts acc. Figure 7 a down and acc. Figure 7 b bent upwards or vice versa v / earth and claw-shaped when forming. interlock and thus completely enclose or envelop the support core from above and below.

Figure 8 a shows a shaped according to Figure 5 from the top down to the semi-finished product 13 c reinforcing material blank 13 a or, -vorformling 13 b with located in the side surfaces LöcherPi 38, in Figure 8 b the associated support core 2 7 with already incorporated hollow profiles 4-4 and FIG. 8 c shows a perspective view of a reinforcing material "cut 13a or preform 13b shaped from bottom to top to the semifinished product 13e.

FIG. 9 a shows an article 35 finished in accordance with FIG. 8 in plan view and end view with two hollow profiles 44 mounted parallel to the side surfaces.

FIG. 9 b shows an article 35 produced according to FIG. 9 a with two parallel hollow profiles 44 attached at an angle to the side surfaces.

FIG. 9c shows an article produced according to FIG. 9a, with zv / ei at an angle to one another and hollow profiles 44 introduced at an angle to the side surfaces.

FIG. 9d shows an article produced according to FIG. 9a with zv / ei parallel to one side surface in each case, that is to say crossed hollow profiles 44 which overlap one another in the middle. The hollow profiles are used for insertion of solid or hollow profiles and thus for joining several objects 35 to a building or the like

FIG. 10 shows a hexagonal article 3 5 produced according to FIG. 7, but bent in two directions or biaxially in three views.

Figure 11 shows an article 35 manufactured according to Figure 5 or 8 in three views, the lower part is partially displaced to the upper part in two axes.

Figure 12 shows an article 35 according to Figure 11 in three views, but which consists of an upper, a middle and a lower part, wherein the upper and lower part to the central part is partially displaced in two axes.

FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of an article having an angle profile with hollow profiles 44 located in several planes.

; FIG. 14 shows a profile according to FIG. 13 with the lower part displaced to the upper part according to FIG. 11 in the views a; b; c.

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of an article according to FIG. 12 with hollow profiles 44 introduced in two axes, wherein several objects can be connected to one another or also biaxially or the vertical hollow profiles serve for fastening purposes, as vents or the like.

FIG. 16 shows a profile according to FIG. 13 with the middle part displaced to the outer parts according to FIG. 12 in the views a; b; c. These objects are used in the interconnected state, for example, as a corner of a building or the like.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show an object consisting of a flat lower part and a flat upper part protruding obliquely upwards in one or two directions in three views, usable as a roof part according to FIG. 19.

Figure 19 shows a partial section of a bungalow, a house or a construction site facility or the like. the detail marked a shows the article according to FIG. 17 and the article c labeled the object according to FIG. 18. The sections b and d are the top view of a and c.

Figure 20 shows a two-part, two parallel gutter-like recesses containing article or support core as a hexagon in three views. These objects can be assembled into structures, for example in biaxial curvature according to FIG 10 to domes. The mating of the articles 35 shown in FIGS. 9 to 18 and 20, e.g. to a construction site facility,

on - Ί zi - ι

a bungalow, other building or the like, e.g. a Bxingalow according to Figure 19 is done by inserting additional hollow or solid sections in the hollow sections located in the objects, preferably such that each another hollow or solid profile (eg made of fiber-reinforced materials) to half of one and half of the other adjacent object 35 is inserted.

The structure of a building happens e.g. as follows:

After two juxtaposed objects 35 are placed vertically on a foundation, or the corresponding ground, more hollow or solid profiles in the length of half the height of these objects 35 are inserted or pushed into the vertical hollow profiles located in them first. Thereafter v / eitere hollow or solid profiles are inserted, whose length corresponds to the height of the objects 35. In this way, these further hollow or solid profiles protrude half of their length out of the objects 35. If objects 35 according to FIG. 8 or 9a with two hollow profiles parallel to the side surfaces are used, these or the objects 35 are held together laterally thereby in that the further object 35 to be inserted laterally is placed laterally offset by half so that the right further hollow or solid profile located in the lower left-hand object 35 simultaneously projects through the hollow profile situated on the left above the further plugged-on article 35.

In this way, next to and above each other, each offset by half an object, a building, e.g. like a brick building, created.

In the manufacture of a dome, a hall or other structure that happens in the same way, even with square or hexagonal objects 35 with introduced hollow sections according to Figure 9, only to be stuck in the objects further hollow or solid profiles either vertically or in the Angle plugged in. In curved objects, the hollow profile contained therein and also to be inserted in this hollow or solid profiles of the corresponding curvature or the radius of curvature are adapted.

195 922

The mold 2 preferably has to compensate for the Schwundmaßes, where necessary, for venting, overpressure protection or the like. Overpressure or the like. Vents, pressure relief valves or pressure seals (such as lip seals); the foaming mold 32 also. The compensation of the shrinkage measure occurs e.g. by volume compression by e.g. in the support core 27 made of polyurethane foam a Schwundmaß adapted amount of foam starting materials (components A and B already mixed) or that between the support core 27 and the semifinished products 13 c and 13 e a corresponding amount of liquid binder by means of injection syringes under pressure is introduced. The compensation of Schwundmaßes but can also be done by the fact that the filling space of the production mold 2 is originally greater than the object to be produced and is reduced by a reduction in volume during the closing process. This can e.g. be done by the lid 2 c of the manufacturing mold 2 after the complete closing of this mold 2 is additionally moved in the direction of the object 35 by a small amount. This movement can be done by attached to the side walls 2 b or 2 c on the lid force accumulator or springs, thereby simultaneously the mold 2 against overpressure, e.g. due to thermal expansion or the like. Is secured. Also, at least one mold wall 2 b or the cover 2 c of flexible material, e.g. difficult extensible and correspondingly thick thioplasts exist, which is highly temperature stable.

If the edges of the objects are to be made stronger and more stable, the reinforcing material blanks 13a and / or the reinforcing material preforms 13b are produced in such a way that they have overlap overlapping material at their incisions or edges. In this way, no objects 35, the semi-finished products 13 c and 13 e are added to shock, but objects 35 whose edges are covered by reinforcing material. If articles for special applications are to be strengthened at different points or zones, they are applied to the still dry or already impregnated with binders

Blanks 13 a or preforms 13b brought dry or already impregnated reinforcing material deposits or placed.

The blanks 13 a or preforms 13 b can consist either of the number of surfaces of the article to be produced in size and shape adapted individual partial blanks or partial preforms and individually successively or simultaneously brought into contact with the support core 27 and in the production · but they can also consist of less or two equal parts or two halves of the surface of the object to be produced or even of only a part corresponding to the entire surface of the article 35, as required. In the latter case, only the machine system I or II and the machine system III are required, but the movement or opening and closing mechanism 45 of the manufacturing mold 2 becomes more complicated by at least one additional degree of freedom required.

If several objects 35 are to be connected to each other, in the manufacture of the support cores 27 in these spacer and / or fasteners and / or hollow and / or solid profiles are brought to the required locations and, for example. Of course, the said elements or profiles can also be brought to the dry or already soaked or compacted blanks or preforms and fixed there and held by the foam mold 32 or other devices.

Four include the elements and / or profiles in the manufacture of the support core, e.g. before the foaming process, these are foamed with. However, they protrude from the support core on at least one side. This protruding length corresponds to the thickness of the mentioned semifinished products 13c, 13e, and when closing the mold 2 penetrates the openings or holes 38 (FIG. 8) present in the semi-finished products and adheres to them.

The said elements and / or profiles are sized and shaped as required, e.g. the radius of curvature, adapted to the object to be produced and are, depending on the purpose of use one or more times brought to the appropriate places, «. parallel in at least one plane or the like

- 195 922

The profiles may be formed as solid or hollow profiles with the same or different cross-section.

The strength and load-bearing capacity of the object to be produced depends on the material and structure of the support core, the said elements and their covering, i.e. on the semi-finished products 13c and 13e and their material, including their construction and their dimensions.

For lesser claims, the articles can also be made of foamable materials, e.g. Polyurethane foam or integral foam, which forms a solid surface and may be fiber-reinforced, can be produced. In the manufacture of these objects, the elements and / or profiles mentioned are simultaneously foamed in or hollow profiles are produced as blind or through-holes.

The production time can be reduced by the fact that the liquid binders, such as unsaturated polyesters, are reduced in their viscosity by ultrasound and then used only for impregnation of the reinforcing materials. In this way, the time of binder distribution, wetting and venting including the compression significantly reduced.

To avoid voids, it is advantageous if the foaming mold is vibrated during the foaming or vibrational or ultrasonic vibrations.

The vibration, vibration and / or Ultraschallbindemittelverteilungs- and / or venting and / or compression device 16 preferably consists of at least one vertically and at least one each in the transport direction and transversely oscillating oscillator 51; 52nd

If very large and wide objects 35 are to be generated, it is advantageous to arrange a plurality of devices 16 next to and / or one behind the other or else offset from one another, because in this way the surface to be machined or vibrated can be substantially enlarged. The device 16 or its oscillators are preferably adjustable in frequency, amplitude and / or wavelength together or independently of each other, on the one hand the intensity

to increase the processing of the reinforcing materials and on the other hand to increase the transport of these and thirdly to accelerate the binder distribution and to match these movements to each other.

If, with the device according to the invention, hollow objects, such as e.g. Containers, covers, housings or the like, e.g. a refrigerator housing, the support core is made as a hollow body in the required shape and size as a partially open or closed body, and from the particular application adapted materials such. from thermoplastic or thermosets, elastomers, metal, wood or the like. This support core is then coated with at least one, preferably two or more reinforcing material blanks or preforms in the inventive manner from the inside and / or outside. The size and shape of the blanks and preforms corresponds with overlapping edges of the surface to be covered of the object to be produced.

For the production of hollow objects, it is also possible to use instead of the support core or in the hollow support core to be created a cavity to be created in shape and size body, which consists of a pourable solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous medium or filled , This body, which may also consist of a known from the foundry technology after pouring or after the preparation by shaking or light blows disintegratable pourable and previously mixed with a binder material (eg molding sand / binder mixture) is, after its completion with coated a release agent or a release film and then coated from inside and outside in accordance with the invention partially or completely by at least one, preferably by two or more reinforcing material blanks and / or preforms and then transported into the manufacturing mold 2 for further processing. After demolding of the article 35, this support core can be removed from the article or remain in this.

195 9 22

To cheapen the article it is e.g. for the production of Bauv / erken or the like., If the support core of foam glass or foam glass granules, optionally mixed with reinforcing material short fibers, e.g. of glass, expanded lightweight materials, e.g. Expanded or expanded slate, slag or the like, e.g. consists of waste products, which are mixed with binder - optionally mixed with hardener and / or accelerator and wetted while still wet or as granules with binder, prepared or brought in this state on or in the semifinished products and the manufacturing mold 2. ·

If buildings, molded or hollow bodies or layers are to be produced from the objects, the objects are put together by sliding hollow or solid profiles into the hollow or solid profiles located in them and / or possibly with the interposition of seals connected to each other and / or glued.

Furthermore, in order to avoid the ingress of rain or Wetterunbilden or the like. In the plug additional covers or the like. Articles are inserted. It is also possible to connect the objects by bolts and / or screws.

Claims (33)

- -53- § y ^ y £ L Erfindungsansprueh: 1, Process for the production of articles made of fiber-reinforced materials, in particular from layers or application layers. fiber-reinforced plastics and other materials axich different chemical composition and / or density, in which the materials in .der each required composition, Porm, quantity and time unit supplied to the einseinen production stages or devices and processed there in which the materials and / or the layers mixed with hardeners and / or accelerators and / or activators or "sensitizers and / or thixotropic agents or the like are brought to or are moved to immobile or moved or rotated surfaces of documents, cores or production forms and shaping and / or impregnation and wetting, in particular with the Yerstärkungsmaterialien preferably consisting of unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins or binders and their bubble-free compression and alignment by this periodically transmitted \ kinetic energy preferably in Sorm of mechanical Sc hwingungen, with simultaneous or subsequent Pormung and / or solidification, preferably by energy, in particular by suitable electromagnetic waves, is carried out and in which the mechanical vibrations are transmitted by elastically deformable thin layers on the materials, in particular for the production of mechanical and / or Ultrasonic vibrations and an air-bubble-free intimate bond in the Yierkstoffen, in and / or between the layers and the orientation of the Werkst off components in Plast for Ραϊ ^ ί AhV 'kA'b > characterized in that discontinuous or continuous from at least two Eichtungen in a plane and / or from at least one lease in at least two levels and / or from at least two directions in at least two levels of dry or already impregnated with liquid hardenable or "solidifiable" Werkstof. Verstärklägsmaterialuschnitte and / or YerstärloingsEvaterialvorformlinge foils and / or. Ti'ans- brought straps and then preferably with the Polie and / or the Transporfband on the respective direction and level assigned ..Buttel-, vibration and / or Ultraschallverdichtungs- and - venting devices transported and bled on this bubbles and compressed and then through or over associated Yerformungseinrichtungen performed and there are partially or completely deformed that this then pre-hardened and / or immediately supplied to a manufacturing mold and brought under direction and / or level and / or side or contact surface change in this Jorm, molded or reshaped there and / or partially or completely brought into contact with each other and before and / or after the closing of the production form by their heating and / or by supplying for curing (polymerization or polycondensation) or solidification required - 2 - Licher energy hardened or solidified, possibly with up and / or interposition of the object to be produced in size and shape adapted support cores and / or spacing and / or fasteners and / or metered application and / or introduction of foamable materials on and / or between the reinforcing material blanks and / or preforms before and / or after the introduction of the preferably shaped reinforcing material blanks or preforms into the manufacturing mold. 2. The method according to item 1, -, characterized in that from at least one direction and / or level at least one of the object to be produced in size and shape matched support core and / or at least one spacer and / or fastener, consisting e.g. honeycomb, hard or soft foam e.g. of polyurethane, another profile core of various materials, or the like elements placed on or under at least one or between more than one Verstärkungsmaterialzuschnitt or preform before and / or after said compression and venting device, optionally the blank or the preform by this Support core or said elements from top to bottom and / or vice versa partially or completely deformed and then further processed the resulting structure or brought into the manufacturing mold, where appropriate slightly pressed and / or preferably exposed to the production form the said venting and compression movements and hardened and / or solidified. 3. The method according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that on a flexible, preferably longitudinally and transversely stretchable tape-shaped pad or film or in the production form in which preferably is already a release agent or a release film, first at least one already compressed and vented , possibly precured and still deformable reinforcing material blank or preform brought and thereby through the pad _ 195 922 or film or the production form and the weight of the blank or preform is partially or completely deformed, that thereafter on this blank or preform and / or on other blanks or preforms at least one supporting the deformation by its own weight supporting core and / or at least one Distance and / or fastener and thereon at least one other .Zuschnitt or preform and the structure located on the substrate or film is brought into the manufacturing mold, that thereafter triggered or carried out the curing reaction and the production form, if necessary, except for vents, pressure relief valves or Overpressure seals or the like, is closed; optionally before and / or during curing or solidification, the pressure in the production mold is increased slightly (preferably beyond the shrinkage level), e.g. by volume compression (density or weight increase) of the object and / or reduction of the filling space of the production form. 4. Method according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that the reduction in the volume of the object is achieved by operating at least one press stamp forming at least one forming mold wall by pressure on at least one flexibly shaped surface or wall of the production mold or the like and / or the volume compression of the article by subsequent introduction of said molding materials, in particular reaction resin, e.g. foamable materials in metered quantity under pressure, preferably by means of said materials introduced into the support cores with the help of through the vented and compressed blanks or preforms, possibly also through vents or the said valves or the like. Placed injection syringes or needles, or by additional Heat supply is performed. 5. Method according to item 1 to 4, characterized , that the star-shaped preferably from a central part with it located side panels or adjacent side dividing existing reinforcing material blank corresponds to a part, preferably half or the entire wrapping surface of the supporting core or the surface of the shaped body to be produced and preferably cut or punched in this size and shape of sheet-like reinforcing materials or a corresponding reinforcing material ia preform; produced by known production methods, e.g. Weaving, knitting or circular knitting, knitting or stitching or the like. Is made that the central part in size and shape of at least one surface, preferably the highest and / or lowest lying surface of the object to be produced and / or the support surface of the support core and / or the said elements corresponds and said blank or preform, or the upper half after impregnation and bubble-free compression, possibly pre-curing is preferably brought first with its central part on the highest surface of the support core, after which the side parts of the blank or Vorformling ^ bent from top to bottom and / or deflected by its own weight down, then that this resulting structure on another, especially the second half in size and shape corresponding, preferably already in the production form and previously soaked and bubble-free compressed, possibly pre-hardened and already partial Ise or completely · from bottom to top with its side surfaces by its own weight and / or the manufacturing form or «their side walls formed blank or preform is brought and after closing the production form, the further process steps are performed. Method according to item 1 to 5, characterized in that the respective upper blank or preform from top to bottom and / or vice versa and the respective lower blank or preform from bottom to top and / or vice versa partially or completely deformed or formed and on in this way or in this case the said support core or core and / or the said elements in part -38- 195 9 22 or completely enveloping or enclosing, if necessary, that only one, preferably the upper reinforcement material blank or the corresponding * preform is formed. 7. The method according to item 1 to 6, characterized in that the Verstärkungsmaterialzuschnitte or die.-preforms are formed such that in the deformed state, the size and shape of the surfaces between the side parts of the one or upper of the size and shape of the surfaces of the side parts the other or lower reinforcing material blank or preform corresponds, if necessary, at least one side or edge of some, preferably all sides with overlay material for overlaps or reinforcements or reinforcing edges, also for insertion , of reinforcements or the like., Is produced. 8. The method according to item 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one central part or the said side parts of the reinforcing material blank or the preform supernatant for overlaps and / or that before the partial or complete wrapping of the support core or said elements or of With fiber-reinforced materials to be wrapped bodies preferably at the incisions or overlapping edges of at least one to be deformed, preferably already partially or completely shaped blank or the preform dry or already impregnated with curable materials and / or compressed reinforcing material inserts to reinforce these zones are brought. 9. The method according to item 1 to 8, characterized in that the wrapping surface of the support body and / or said elements or the surface of the shaped body or article to be produced from at least one, preferably two or even many reinforcing material blanks or preforms is prepared, for example according to the number of surfaces of the object to be produced, these blanks or preforms Overlap material on at least one edge. 10. The method according to item 1 to 9, characterized in that in the object to be produced during manufacture at least two parallel and / or at an angle to each other and / or crossed aligned hollow profiles in at least one plane or in at least one plane and at least one further perpendicular and / or at an angle to this, which protrude through the part, preferably through the entire article, possibly project beyond this on at least one side and with the said support core and / or said elements and / or with the Subject ^ or moldings wrapping force and / or positively connected, possibly after deformation in, in the reinforcing material blanks and / or preforms and / or in support core and / or said elements existing recesses and during curing and solidification with connected to the support core and / or said elements and the enclosure and / or the foaming process g be foamed with; if necessary, serve the profiles at the same time as a spacer and / or fasteners. 11. The method according to item 1 to 10, characterized in that said profiles adapted to the respective required radius of curvature of the at least uniaxially curved object and fixed in the curved state in the production form and in the production with Stützke2: n and / or said elements and / or the article wrapping force and / or form-fitting, eg be connected by an adhesive and / or foaming. 12. The method according to item 1 to 11, characterized in that in the articles or molded body hollow profiles or one-end trained as a hollow and other end as solid profile profiles with the same or different cross-section "crabbed. 195 922 13. The method according to item 1 to 12, characterized in that the lower part of the preferably flat trainees object to the upper part of the article or the middle part to the upper and lower part of the article in at least one, preferably in two at an angle of, in particular 90 ° to each other offset directions of at least one plane, preferably in parallel planes, partially shifted, is produced. 14. The method according to item 1 to 13, characterized in that the article of foamable, optionally fiber-reinforced foamable materials, also with fillers, in particular a solid surface forming foamable materials, e.g. Integral foam, is prepared and the said profiles and / or elements are foamed in the production or that the profiled blind or through holes are generated during the foaming process. 15. The method according to item 1 to 14, characterized in that the objects or moldings with their profiles in association with this or these pushed solid and / or hollow profiles with each other detachable or pluggable to buildings, e.g. Site facilities, bungalows, garages, warm or Kaithalien, domes, barracks or houses connected, if necessary, glued together and / or screwed, possibly under or interposition of carriers or ceiling elements or the like., With windows and / or doors or Gates or other openings or the like. Used in place of some of the above objects or moldings v / earth. 16. A process for producing articles from fiber-reinforced materials, in particular from fiber-reinforced curable plastics, e.g. made of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyesters or of epoxy resins, characterized in that the plastics having a certain viscosity for faster bubble-free Impregnation and wetting of the reinforcing materials are first ultrasonically diluted or depolymerized or reduced in viscosity and thereby and / or brought into contact with the reinforcing materials in contact. 17. The method according to item 1 to 16, characterized in that the foaming mold (32) shaken during the foaming or is placed in vibration, and / or ultrasonic vibrations, if necessary, this fiber-reinforced foamable materials used v / earth. 18. Device for carrying out the method according to item 1 to 17, characterized in that a preferably centrally arranged fixed or in at least one direction (1 a) and / or from at least one direction (1 a) in another direction (1 a) or plane (1b) transportable and equipped with opening and closing mechanisms (4 5, 4 6) and a control and / or regulating device (47 and / or 23) production form (2) at least two locations (3, 4) in at least a plane (5a), preferably in at least two planes (5a, 5b) and in the direct or indirect direction (6) to the production form (2), for example one after the other or one above the other and the places (3, 4) and / or levels (5a, 5b) associated storage and / or dosing and / or impregnating devices (7, 15, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32) for the Materials and / or body, for release agent and / or release film and / or transport foil (11) or the like., Transport devices (9, 10, 10a, 14, 25, 26, 26a as horizontal transport devices) with drive motor (22) for transporting the Materials, bodies, foils or the like in the respective plane (5a, 5b, 5c), preferably interchangeable cutting and / or punching and / or reinforcing material preform feeders (12) for producing reinforcing material blanks (13a) or for feeding reinforcing material preforms (13b ), Cutting and / or punching waste receptacle or • Winding and transport devices (14) , impregnating device » 195 922 (15) for supplying the liquid or flowable binder, possibly short fiber and / or short fiber / resin ^ - spraying, vibrating, vibrating and / or UltraschallaBinderaittelverteilungs- and / or venting and / or compacting devices (16) for simultaneous rapidly spreading the binder onto and / or into the reinforcing materials (13a, 13b) and venting and / or compacting these impregnated blanks (13a) or preforms (13b), pre-forming devices (17, 18) for partially or completely deforming or forming the blanks (13a) or preforms (13b) to the semifinished product (13c, 13e), possibly pre-hardening devices (19) for pre-hardening or preheating or for initiating the solidification reaction or for gelling at least one, preferably the outer surface of the semifinished product (13c, 13e), optionally trimming and / or separating devices (34) for trimming and / or trimming or separating the semi-finished products, the production form (2) zugeordn ete gripper and / or transport devices (20 as vertical transport devices) with drive motors (21), and the drive motors (21, 22) and to various manufacturing devices (17, 18, 19) arranged transducers (50, 51) attached process computer and / or control - or control devices (23, 47) for the control and / or regulation of the drive motors (21, 22), the speed of Vorformrollen (18), the temperature of the Vorhärtevorrichtungen (19), the closing and / or opening mechanisms (45, 46 ) of the production form (2) or the like. Suitable process parameters are stationed. 19. Device according to item 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one further location (4) in at least one plane (5c) and in the direction (6) to the production mold (2), successively storage devices for support cores and / or distance and / or fastening elements and / or storage and / or metering devices (27, 28, 29, 30, 31) for the production of support cores and / or said other elements with associated foam molds (32), Transport devices (25) for transporting the support cores and / or elements and in the vicinity of the production form (2) this or the manufacturing form (2) associated gripper and / or transport devices (20, 21) for introducing the support cores (27) or elements are built into the manufacturing process (2). 20. The device according to item 1 to 19, characterized in that the manufacturing mold (2) consists of partially or completely, preferably from its base (2a) of hinged side walls (2b) and at least one cover (2c), the individually or in pairs hinged and preferably with the base (2a) of the manufacturing mold (2) or the lid (2c) are connected to the corresponding side wall (2b) by hinges (39). 21. Device according to item 1 to 20, characterized in that the side walls (2b) and / or the cover (2c) of the manufacturing mold (2) to its base (2a) by means of movement mechanisms or pistons (45) individually or together with Help known means are displaced, possibly also hinged and via connecting lines (36) and intermediate links (4 6) by process computer and / or control and / or regulating devices (23, 47) are actuated in their movements. 22. Device according to item 1 to 21, characterized in that this with acting on the respective drive (21, 22, 14, 45) of the transport and / or manufacturing devices control and / or regulating devices (23, 47, 50) for the synchronous running of this is equipped, if necessary, a central drive (22) is provided for a plurality of drives by means of intermediate gear. 23. Device according to item 1 to 22, characterized in that the production mold (2) is part of a clock line or a Taktkarussels. 195 922 24. Device according to item 1 to 23, characterized in that the vibration, vibration and / or Ultraschallbindemittelverteilungs- and / or ventilation and / or compression device (16) at least one, preferably in each case a plurality of perpendicular to the respective plane (5a, 5b), arranged in the transport direction and transversely z.ur transport direction and oscillations or pulses in said directions emitting, preferably in frequency, amplitude and / or wavelength together or independently controllable vibrators, vibrators and / or ultrasonic oscillator (51, 52). 25. Device according to item 1 to 24, characterized in that the side walls (2b) with cover (2c) and / or base (2a) of the manufacturing mold (2) individually, in pairs or as a total movable and controllable molding tools (2a _# 2b , 2c) are formed, when closed, a closed production mold (2), preferably taking into account the Schwundmaßes form their movement and control by mechanical, electromechanical ©, pneumatic, hydraulic or the like. Elements or movement mechanisms or pistons (45), in particular, those which can be actuated and controlled by a working medium take place, if necessary their closing speed degressive and their opening speed is progressive and at least one forming tool (2a) is simultaneously designed as an ejector. 26. An article such as a shaped article or layer, e.g. for the manufacture of structures, in particular those which must be assembled and dismantled quickly and easily, in particular without auxiliary devices, e.g. Construction site facilities, bungalows, emergency shelters, camping trailers or the like., If necessary, manufactured according to the method and with the device acc. Points 1 to 25, characterized in that this or these of a foam body with a solid surface, of so-called integral foam, possibly with fiber reinforcement, or from the cover and / or lateral surfaces or a cladding of fiber-reinforced materials and at least one, possibly spacing and / or fastening elements having support core of various materials, such. Honeycomb, wood, fiber or chipboard or such bodies of wood or other materials or of foam, preferably hard foam, e.g. is made of polyurethane, foam concrete or foam glass or the like and consists in at least one level or in at least one and. in at least one vertical and / or at an angle to the first plane at least two parallel and / or at an angle to each other and / or crossed aligned hollow sections, e.g. made of fiber-reinforced materials, or single-ended as a solid profile and otherwise formed as a hollow profile profiles or different cross-section or profiled (blind or through) holes that protrude through a part, preferably the entire article or the layer, if necessary, this or these projecting beyond at least one side and form with the said support core and / or said elements and / or the envelope of the article or the layer a non-positive and / or positive connection, possibly curved, preferably the lower part of the particular flat object to the upper part of this object or the middle part to the upper and lower part of the object in at least one, preferably in two at an angle of 90 ° to each other offset directions of at least one plane, preferably arranged partially displaced in parallel planes. 27. Subject or layer according to item 26, characterized marked "characterized in that this diagonal, in the longitudinal and / or transverse, direction or a deviating direction from each other and / or curved away from each other (eg, axial or biächsial) or bent is designed wherein the bending angle is, depending on the requirement, preferably 90 or between 0 and 180. - «-. 195 922 28. The article or layer according to item 26 and 27, characterized in that it consists of a flat lower part defined length, width and thickness, on the edge, at a distance parallel and / or at an angle thereto at least one perpendicular or at an angle upper part protruding preferably equal length or width and thickness is located. 29. An article or layer according to item 26 to 28, characterized in that this or its supporting core (27) consists of at least two parts, preferably half-shells, which in at least one plane and / or direction trough-shaped or channel-shaped recesses (49) or have different cross-section. 30. An article or layer according to item 1 to 29, characterized in that as a support core (27) with binder, e.g. unsaturated polyester resin, preferably containing hardener and / or accelerator, mixed foam glass granules, optionally mixed with Kurζfasern, e.g. of glass, expanded lightweight materials, e.g. Expanded or expanded slate, slag or the like, e.g. Waste products are used. 31. A method for producing objects according to item 1 to 30, characterized in that from at least two directions in at least one plane or from at least one direction in at least two levels of the manufacturing mold (2) by at least one machine system I or II corresponding machine system respectively at least one reinforcement material blank (13a) or reinforcement material preform (13b) corresponding in size and shape to the entire surface of the article to be produced and at least one support core (27) and / or at least one corresponding element and / or profile by at least one machine system corresponding to the machine system III one after the other or simultaneously for further processing. 32. Device according to item 1 to 31, characterized in that arranged between the vibration, vibration and / or Ultraschallbindemittelverteilungs-, -entlüftungs- and -verdichtungsvorrichtung (16) - of which a plurality of juxtaposed and / or behind one another and also to each other and the pre-deformation device (17) comprise a first or the pre-hardening device (19) and / or a release or covering film adding device for applying a release or cover film to the blanks (13a) or preforms (13b) and before or after the pre-hardening device ( 19) a release or cover sheet receiving device for receiving or removing said film is arranged. 33. building, molded or hollow body or layer, made of articles or layers according to items 26 to 30, characterized in that this ge from a number. said objects or layers, which by inserted into the profiles and / or on the solid profiles or in said sack or through holes hollow and / or solid profiles, preferably with the interposition of flexible, possibly adhesive seals between the objects or layers or their mutually facing surfaces non-positively and / or positively connected to each other are solvable or insoluble, possibly some ends of the profiles are provided with preferably removable covers or mushrooms, possibly the nested objects or layers in the vicinity of their Einsteckkanten by locking pins or through bolts are positively connected. 34. A process for the preparation of articles according to items 1 to 33, characterized in that for the production of hollow objects, such. Containers, housings, covers or the like., The support core as a hollow body from the respective Anwendungsnngszweck adapted materials, formed in "example of thermosets or thermosets, elastomers, metal or the like. And a partially open or 195 922 closed, preferably provided with at least one opening hollow support core is supplied, the inside and / or outside by the corresponding shape respectively adapted reinforcing material blanks and / or Verstärkungsmater ialvor moldings is wrapped. , For this. 4 pages drawings