CZ30628U1 - An electronic radio system for protection of goods, objects and materials from unauthorized manipulation - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The technical solution concerns the protection of goods, objects and material against unauthorized manipulation, eg theft, using an electronic radio signal.

Background Art

At present, there is a growing need to protect or guard, in particular, bulky items, such as transport containers, pallets, trailers and motor vehicle trailers, and vehicles for freight and individual transportation and public transport, as well as guarding smaller items such as retail goods and ai dealers against theft.

For the protection of objects, there are various electronic systems that can detect tampering with a guarded object, but also monitor, for example, movement of an object in a particular space or provide communication with a dispatcher-based dispatcher, e.g., by sending and receiving status messages. Often it is necessary to guard objects in smaller or larger warehouses, open storage areas, etc. There are also nationwide guarding systems that allow the movement of objects, such as containers on trailers, trains and river boats, as well as construction machinery and other transport vehicles to be monitored persons.

Today, the above subjects are mainly protected by one of the following two methods:

The first method of protection is protection by a system using the GSM / GPS method, where a so-called GPS locator is placed on a guarded object, which usually has the physical form of a small box. The device is usually powered by batteries and detects its position using a GPS receiver built into the GPS locator and transmits it to the Internet via the GSM public network. Data is stored in the system into an evaluation device, eg a computer or server, where it is evaluated and passed on to the user. This makes it possible to track the movement of a guarded object on the map, determine the instantaneous position, determine motion parameters and other data. The GPS / GSM method allows you to track the movement of objects at great distances.

The advantages of this method are that when GPS satellites are properly received, positioning is accurate and therefore it is easy to locate a tracked object, then to track and record tracks on a permanent basis, to compare planned motion with a real, or to trigger an alarm on a deviation. The disadvantage of the method is poor operation when covering the GPS locator and thus the problematic possibility of hidden assembly, dependence on the mobile operator, when it is necessary to use the SIM card and pay data transmission fees, but also higher energy consumption. The biggest drawback, however, is the easy assurance of the GPS receiver, which is dependent on the reception of very small levels of positional signals transmitted from the satellites, so that even a small power of the system jammer will completely disable it. Therefore, the reception of radio signals from the GPS satellites and the GSM signal of the mobile operator is necessary for the method's operation;

The second is the A-RFID protection system. Electronic units, called A-RFID tags, are placed on guarded items. Nowadays, so-called inactive RFID tags are used, which are placed on guarded objects and can be in the form of strips, labels, stickers, and are used, for example, in shops for babysitting or. goods identification. A more complicated RFID tag is also a contactless payment card or some contactless car keys. They do not have their own power supply and their location is thus only possible for a very short distance, in the order of centimeters. The reader is usually a larger sized frame. Unlike these classic RFID tags, active RFID tags, or A-RFID tags, have their own source, a battery. This allows them to transmit radio identification signals permanently, and their identification options are tens to hundreds of meters. Visually, they are made of stronger payment cards, container boxes, key tags, bracelets for identifying people, animals or plants, depending on what is being guarded. These tags regularly broadcast radio identification messages. The range of tags is in the order of meters. Some active tags can also transmit simple data, such as moisture in plant monitoring, temperature, heart rate, motion, etc. Typically, tags are only transmitting their identification

- 1 CZ 30628 U1 code, but there are also those that can usually receive because of configuration. Their approach is captured by receivers, so-called access points. Access points usually take the form of boxes to the size of a shoe box. These receivers do not need large antennas or frames in the system and can be hidden. They are easy to mount even for short or seasonal. Access points are deployed in the monitored area and connected to the evaluation device, which may be a personal computer or a cloud server connected to the Internet. Depending on which of the receivers capture the tag broadcast, its location is also determined. E.g. while watching the visitors at the castle, each is equipped with a bracelet, ie an active tag, and there may be an access point in each room. With this tracking system, visitor movement can be monitored, where they stay longer, controlled air conditioning, opened doors in the direction of the tour, etc. The amount of tags and access points in the space is not very limited. You can monitor the movement of two people in the mountains with a dense network of access points, or the temperature and humidity of hundreds of plants in the greenhouse.

The advantages of this method are the small size of the device and the low price of the tag, easy concealed installation, long operating time. The disadvantage of the method is the continuous periodic transmission, which reveals the presence of the device and contaminates the environment by radio communication, low range and difficult to find when stolen. The A-RFID method is intended primarily for smaller spaces, but its use in larger spaces and areas is theoretically possible, depending on the density of the access point network. With the need for larger numbers of access points, the price rises sharply and hence the economic usability of the method. Using the A-RFID method, the system primarily determines the position of the guarded objects according to the location of the access point, which currently receives the tag signal, and is therefore not primarily intended for monitoring the movement of guarded objects. However, the location of the objects changes as the object moves. However, this is a secondary consequence of the method and, as mentioned, it is primarily a use in small spaces, where it is primarily positioning.

The aim of the technical solution is to introduce an electronic radio system for the protection of objects and material that can detect unauthorized manipulation of guarded objects without being dependent on GSM or GPS, without the need to receive external radio signals and without the need for regular broadcasts. but which, in the event of tampering, would initiate an alarm broadcast, but would be passive in sleep mode.

The essence of the technical solution

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the electronic radio system for protecting goods, objects and material from unauthorized manipulation according to the invention, comprising a protective unit disposed on or in each guarded item, each guard unit comprising a powerful control processor unit, which is connected to a controlled internal power supply, wherein a radio transmitter for transmitting alarm and identification radio signals is connected to the control unit, a motion sensor for detecting motion with a guarded object, which is a three-axis accelerometer sensor for motion detection, is connected to the control unit. with the object with the possibility to set the sensitivity of the sensor, there is also a contactless authorization module for two-way radio communication with a personal authorization chip connected to the control unit operating and detecting the presence of persons in the vicinity of an object authorized or unauthorized to manipulate it; furthermore, the security unit is provided with a radio signal receiver, wherein the radio transmitter, receiver and non-contact radio authorization module are integrated in a single electronic chip including a generator and a detector of used modulations; , the transmitter, receiver, and non-contact authorization module are coupled to an antenna switch that is coupled to the antenna, wherein the merchandise, article and material protection system further comprises at least one stationary radio signal receiver arranged in the network and connected to the evaluation and display device.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one radio signal sighting device connected to the evaluation and display device is provided in the network, wherein the sighting sighting system comprises an antenna array with four open half-wave dipoles.

In a further preferred embodiment, the evaluation and display device is provided as at least one stationary control dispatching console with a data server with a software database of unified protection units assigned to the guarded objects or their location and location databases.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one radio cutter is connected to the evaluation and display device via a data line to determine the distance of the guarded object including the radio receiver Rx for receiving identification and alarm signals from the protection unit and at the same time an activating transmitter for controlling the protection unit.

In another preferred embodiment, the power supply is an accumulator.

In a further preferred embodiment, portable programmers are further associated with protection units and individual personal operator authorization chips to assign authorization codes to these security units and individual personal operator authorization chips in a non-contact manner.

Drawing clarification

The technical solution will be further illustrated with the aid of the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the whole electronic radio system for the protection of objects and material including its individual parts and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the individual components of an electronic protection unit placed on / in a guarded object that is monitored by an electronic radio tamper protection system with the image of a personal authorization chip operator.

Examples of technical solutions

Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the entire electronic radio system 20 for protecting objects and material, including individual parts thereof. The system that the applicant designates as SmartGuard with the abbreviation SSG consists of at least one protection unit I, which the applicant designates as SmartGuard with the abbreviation SG, where one protection unit 1 is located on each guarded object 18 and further from at least one stationary radio receiver 1 arranged in a network 17 and connected to an evaluation and display device 22, which may be a data server 16 connected to a stationary control dispatching console 15 containing a database of individual protection units 1, or databases of their location and location, for example, according to a storage plan. As can be seen in FIG. 1, one or more radio signal sighting devices 12 arranged in a network 17 and connected to a dispatcher data server 16 with a dispatching console 15 for positioning guarded objects may or may not be provided in the system. In the simplest arrangement, there is no need for a sight 12, but only a stationary receiver 11 that only detects tampering with the guarded object 18.

In a small storage space limited by, for example, a barrier such as a gate, etc., positioning does not make sense, because any perpetrator of the device cannot easily escape the object. Also, with the data server 16 or with the dispatching console 15, a radio engraver 14 is connected, which is a device containing a radio receiver Rx receiving the identification and alarm signals from the protection unit 1, as well as the activation transmitter Tx, enabling control of the protection unit 1. The radio hatcher 14 is to the dispatching console 15 or to the computer server 16 of the system 20 connected by the data link 2L The hatcher 14 is a radio device designation which, unlike the sighting device 12, does not direct the direction of the received signals. It is located near the expected escape routes and, depending on the strength of the received signal, can help determine the distance from the guarded object 18. It is simpler, cheaper and easier to install than the sight 12. Several can be used to cover off-road locations where the sight cannot reach . Depending on the selected system, a transmitter that is part of the sighting device 12 or radio cutter 14 is used for radio activation. This transmitter activates the telemetry of the protection unit 1, but it is also possible to partially control the protection unit, ie to activate or deactivate it.

The alarm messages are captured by the stationary receivers H, the radio blanket receivers 14 and the radio signal finders 12 and transmitted via data processing networks 17 to the dispatch console 15 together with the object identification 18 and 18 respectively.

[0027] In the case of larger networks, processing is performed on the system server 16.

The aiming system of the sight 12 includes an antenna array with four open half-wave dipoles 13. A half-wave open dipole is the simplest antenna, easily mechanically feasible. The dipole does not need an electromagnetic counterweight and with vertical polarization it has a circular radiation pattern, which is advantageously used for measuring receivers targeting signals, in which the direction or direction is not known in advance. transmitter position. To determine the direction of the incoming signal, a Doppler principle is preferably used which does not require calibration at each measurement. To determine the position according to the signals transmitted from the targeting items 18 and 18, respectively. from the protection units i the antenna must move relative to the incoming signal. Mechanical rotation or other motion is not possible with stationary sighting 12, so the sighting system includes multiple individual receiving antennas, dipoles 13 located in a circle, which are switched to the measurement receiver in turn, thereby achieving a rotation effect. The higher rate of electronic rotation of the antennas increases the accuracy of the focus and therefore the frequency at the top of the transmitted data spectrum. This provides an appropriate compromise between sensitivity and directional accuracy.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the individual components of the electronic protection unit I located on or within the object to be monitored. The protection unit 1 comprises a powerful control processor unit 2 which controls the operation of the other control modules 2 by its inputs / outputs. The entire protection unit 1 is powered by a controlled internal power supply 6, which is connected to the control processor unit 2. The power supply 6 may be an accumulator that can be recharged from an external source. Furthermore, a radio transmitter 10 for transmitting alarm and identification radio signals, a non-contact authorization module 4, the function of which will be described below, is connected to the controller 2. The system also allows the guarded objects 18, even those not tampered with, to be monitored by the Tx transmitters of the system 20, which are capable of activating the protective unit I. For this purpose, the security unit 1 is also provided with a radio signal receiver 3. The advantage of the above-described solution is the fact that the radio transmitter 10, the receiver 3 and the non-contact radio authorization module 4 are integrated in one electronic chip including the generator and the used modulation detector. A motion detecting sensor 5 is also connected to the control processor unit 2, which comprises a three-axis accelerometer sensor whose sensitivity can be adjusted from the control unit 2 so as to filter out the vibration of the guarded objects 18 according to their weight and foreseeable ambient vibration according to the location of the object to be protected 18. The accelerometer sensor of the motion sensor 5 then informs the control unit 2 about its movement through the inputs / outputs, which can be considered as manipulation of the protected object. By manipulation it is meant not only the movement of the guarded object but also the attempt to remove the guard unit 1 from the guarded object 18.

The control unit 2, the transmitter 10, the receiver 3 and the non-contact authorization module 4 are connected to the antenna switch 7, which is connected to the antenna 8. The transmitted and received signals of the protection unit 1 are passed through the antenna switch 7 in the desired direction via the antenna 8. Antenna switch 7 is a device that splits a radio signal path from an antenna to a receiver or from a transmitter to an antenna. It can be handled mechanically or electronically. For reasons of reliability and switching speed, almost exclusively electronic solutions are used with switching diodes or other electronic components.

In the case of manipulation with the object 18, the control unit 2 activates the contactless radio authorization module 4 with its inputs / outputs, which eventually finds the presence of an authorized operator handling the object 18 by means of two-way radio communication with the personal authorization chip of the operator near a few meters. Units f with Authorization Chip 9 run in secure coded mode so that it is not possible to eavesdrop and possibly replicate. Assignment of authorization codes to protection units I and individual personal authorization chips of operator 9 takes place in the user's contactless manner with portable programmers 19.

In the event that an authorized person is not located near the protected object 18 with the detected manipulation, a message is provided to the control unit 2. The control unit 2 then activates the radio transmitter 10

And initiates periodic transmission of the encoded alarm messages together with the unique identification of the protected item 18. Thus, the protection unit 1 behaves passively until movement in a direction is detected by motion sensor 5. At this point, the tampering eligibility system is activated. The protection unit i actively checks the closest environment and examines the presence or absence of authorized persons. Authorized persons, such as manipulators, technicians, equipment operators, drivers, etc., are therefore equipped with an authorization chip 9, which contactlessly proves the immediate presence of the authorized person in the object 18 being handled.

Based on the displayed information, the dispatcher can then, using the console F5 and radio commands transmitted by the transmitters in the radio hatchers 14 to the receiver of the device 3, either adjust, increase, decrease or suspend the frequency of the transmitted messages from the transmitter f0, or increase the transmitter power, e.g. that the tamper-evident object 18 moves away from its seat.

Thus, as opposed to the GPS / GSM protection system, the system does not have to receive any external radio signals according to the technical solution, as it follows from the above description, and in case of unauthorized manipulation, the system can also detect the unauthorized manipulation. Thus, in contrast to the A-RFID protection system, the need for permanent transmission is eliminated by means of a technical solution such that in the idle state the security unit 1 located on / in the protected object 18 is passive and only when the motion is detected and the negative contactless test of authorized persons is initiated an alarm transmission is initiated.

Depending on the scale of the infrastructure of the electronic radio system 20 for protecting objects and material from unauthorized manipulation, it is possible to determine either only the identification of the object 18 being tampered with or even to locate the current location of the protected object.

In addition, the protection unit 1 can further actively control its condition and, for example, actively initiate the transmission of diagnostic radio messages in the event of a low capacity internal source 6 or other fault.

In the simplest arrangement of the system 20, the identification of the transmitting unit 1 and the location of the object 18 is displayed on the dispatching console 15 upon initiation of transmission of the protection unit 1 based on tampering. The configuration of the system 20 according to the invention without the sighting device 12 will allow immediate notification of the unauthorized movement of the object to be protected, but the system 20 does not allow to track its position when the object 18 is, for example, carried away, etc. The use of this simple system is suitable for enclosed storage areas when unauthorized manipulation can be reacted by immediately sending control warehouse personnel to the site of the guarded object 18.

Much more efficient is the system 20 of the technical solution when the infrastructure of the system 20 is, in addition to the dispatching console 15, formed by at least two radio signal sighters 12 suitably located in the protected area and connected to the console 15, where location-based software is implemented in addition to the above databases. In this case, the transmission of the alarm signals of the protection unit 1 is directed with sufficient accuracy so that the guarded object can be monitored even when it is within the range of the transmitter 10 of the protection unit 1. In the event of unauthorized movement of the guarded object 18 is the dispatcher, as already mentioned, able to send to a guarded area eg a vehicle patrol and instruct it about the location of the current location of the guarded object 18. Such arrangement is suitable for large-capacity warehouses and larger storage areas ály.

The most effective system 20 consists of a full-area network of targeting receivers 12 connected by a public or private data network with a dispatching center with several dispatching sites and a computer server 16 providing classified information to individual dispatching consoles 15. The system 20 according to the technical solution then allows for a full-scale monitoring of the movement of protected objects in the size area regions and the whole state. However, the network of radio signal sights 12 transmitted by the security units 1 must be dense enough to target the transmitted signal by at least two stationary sight receivers 11. In this case, it is desirable that the protection units 1 transmit the highest possible power.

-5GB 30628 U1

The advantage of this advanced full-area system is then that a network of stationary sights 12 positioned at elevated locations (towers, chimneys, buildings) is complemented by another network of non-directional covering receivers that are part of the scraper 14, and which are able to capture the signals of the protective units in their surroundings and determine the approximate distance between the scraper 14 and the protective unit I. This sophisticated network of stationary sights and retrieval receivers Rx can be supplemented with mobile means with not shown installed mobile sighting devices and a display showing direction and approximate distance information from the object 18 provided based on the received signal strength .

Industrial Applicability iOn the equipment of the system according to the invention, it can be used either for guarding objects and detecting tampering in smaller and medium-sized warehouses, in a more advanced arrangement with at least two sighting devices, for guarding objects in high-volume warehouses and open glassy areas. For example, systems consisting of a nationwide network of targeting receivers connected by a public or private data network with dispatching sites can be deployed as nationwide guarding systems for moving objects such as containers on trailers, trains and river ships, as well as construction machinery and other means of transport for public and individual passenger transport. .

All the above-mentioned alarm message receivers can also be accompanied by command transmitters that can activate individual protection units according to the identification codes and thus perform control activities within the surveillance network.

Claims (6)

An electronic radio system for the protection of goods, objects and material against unauthorized manipulation, characterized in that it comprises a protective unit (1) placed on or in the package of the guarded item (18), each protective unit (1) comprising a powerful control processor unit ( 2), which is connected to a controlled internal power supply (6), wherein a radio transmitter (10) for transmitting alarm and identification radio signals is connected to the control unit (2), and a motion sensor (2) is connected to the control unit (2) 5) for the detection of movement with a guarded object (18), which consists of a three-axis accelerometer sensor for detecting movement with an object (18) with the possibility of adjusting the sensitivity of the sensor, 30, a contactless authorization module (4) for two-way radio communication with the operator's personal authorization chip (9) and detecting the presence of persons in the vicinity of the object (18) authorized or unauthorized for manipulation is connected to the control unit (2); 1) equipped with a radio receiver (3), the radio transmitter (10), the receiver (3) and the contactless radio authorization module (4) being integrated in one electronic chip, including 35 of a generator and detector of modulations used, wherein the control unit (2), the transmitter (10), the receiver (3) and the contactless authorization module (4) are connected to an antenna switch (7) which is connected to the antenna (8); (20) for object protection, further comprising at least one stationary radio signal receiver (11) arranged in a network (17) and connected to an evaluation and display device (22). An electronic radio system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one radio signal sight (12) connected to the evaluation and display device (22) is arranged in the network (17), wherein the sighting system of the sight (12) comprises an antenna. system with four open half-wave dipoles (13). 3. The electronic radio system of claim 1, wherein: The evaluation and display device (22) is designed as at least one stationary control dispatching console (15) with a data server (16) with a software database of individual protections (1) assigned to the guarded objects (18) or a database their location and location. Electronic radio system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one data line (21) is connected to the evaluation and display device (22). 5 a radio emitter (14) for determining the distance of the guarded object (18) comprising a radio receiver (Rx) for receiving the identification and alarm signals from the protection unit (1) and an activation transmitter (Tx) for controlling the protection unit (1). Electronic radio system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply (6) is an accumulator. io Electronic radio system according to claim 1, characterized in that portable programmers (19) are also associated with the protection units (1) and the individual personal authorization chips (9) for assigning authorization codes (9) to these protection units (1). ) and individual operator authorization chips (9) in a contactless manner,