CZ2009219A3 - Optimized shoe insole structure for diabetics - Google Patents

Abstract

The optimized shoe insole structure is made up of a sewing insole (1) and an insole (2). The suture insole (1) has a molded panel (1.2) anchored on the upper surface of its support layer (1.3), which has areas under the metatarsal wedges, areas below the mid and posterior margins in areas with the highest foot pressure, especially in the under fingers area. part of the foot and in the area under the calcaneus, the shaped depressions (1.1a, 1.1b, 1.1c) are situated, into which the elevated elements (2.1a, 2.1b, 2.1c) of the gel fillers anchored by in the lower moldable cushioning layer (2.2) of the insole (2), the multilayer structure of which further comprises a layer (2.3) of a shape memory foamed material, a technological textile layer (2.4), a cooling layer (2.5) and an upper lining layer in the bottom-up direction (2.6).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to an optimized insole structure of diabetic footwear formed by a combination of a stitching and an insole.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, several different types of insoles are used, the main task of which is to provide the user with the most comfortable and comfortable feeling, the most perfect support and at the same time to stop or suppress congenital or acquired deformations of the foot or walking defects. A large number of these products are also adapted for foot massage and treatment of various nerve endings.

Footwear insoles can basically be divided into two main groups with different construction. First of all, there are insoles containing a layer of suitable deformable material, such as cork, which temporarily or permanently adapts to the shape of the user's foot during use. Representatives of this group include, for example, a solution according to German Patent Specification No. 3406504, wherein the insole comprises, inter alia, a layer of cork pulp with a soft binder that adapts to the shape of the user's foot during wear. A similar solution is also discussed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001299408, where one of the layers of the insole is made of cork, which after prolonged use adapts to the shape of the lower surface of the foot. However, both of these solutions have relatively significant disadvantages, including for example. that if the user has an improperly shaped foot, such as a flat foot or an improper way of stepping, etc., the insole is shaped like that. that it further aggravates this defect, rather than improving the user's gait quality.

The second group of insoles includes insoles whose upper surface, which is in contact with the user's foot, is provided with a certain relief, which by its shape and arrangement more or less corresponds to the shape of the footprint. Such solutions include, for example, Japanese Patent No. 7039402, wherein the surface of the insole in contact with the user's foot is formed by a plurality of protrusions and wells. The disadvantage of these solutions, however, is that. that such insoles are shaped according to the unified shape of the human foot and do not take into account the individual shaping which is manifested in particular by the difference in shape and inclination of the toes. so in this case the toes adapt to the insole design, which should be the case

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exactly opposite.

Moreover, when using the insoles of the two types described, there is no ideal distribution of the weight of the human body between the thumb joint, the painter's joints, and the heel bone, and the transverse and longitudinal arches are not relieved, which. it leads to an inadequate effect on the bloodstream in the soft areas of the foot with each step. In addition, the ideal involvement of all the muscles of the lower limbs is not achieved, so some muscles or tendons of the foot are overloaded, while the capacity of others is practically unloaded. The use of known types of insoles thus leads not only to excessive fatigue, but also to other physical, or even mental, problems, which further deepen with age.

The solution according to Czech patent No. 298894, which describes an insole of footwear, the upper side of which is shaped in relief in the form of the footprint of the lower part of the human foot and whose lower side has the shape of the lower part of the human foot with a smooth toe. Principally similar is also the solution according to the Czech utility model No. 16872, in which in addition to the stice is created a hole of the thumb joint. Both of these solutions undoubtedly contribute to the reduction of fatigue and other physical and / or psychological problems in the use of footwear, but neither does it significantly address the specifics of diabetics.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects working-age patients in a variety of occupations that require protective work shoes. The demographic curve of this disease has a markedly increasing trend worldwide.

As already indicated, there is currently no shoe manufacturer that produces shoes that combine work safety features together with health considerations to protect the diabetic foot.

A detailed survey has failed to find any manufacturer of work shoes in Europe or elsewhere in the world to systematically address this issue. On the contrary, there are demonstrable statistics that show the consequences of wearing inappropriate shoes. There are pressure sores, followed by ulcers and amputations of limbs. Other statistics confirm that wearing appropriate shoes along with preventive and educational care can delay complications such as ulcers and amputations in up to 85% of cases or even remove them altogether.

From the point of view of the design of footwear, the insole structure of footwear for diabetics is one of the most important problems in this respect. Almost every type of footwear has a so-called insertion insole, which in most cases is a single-layer textile or leather material glued into the footwear, in addition to the tensioning insole, which is an essential constructional and technological part of the footwear. The insole is made of two layers of material, one layer with a cushioning • · · * * tt

material, usually with limited service life and the other is the leather or textile material mentioned above. Some types of work, leisure or sports shoes have these insoles already more complicated to respond to the conditions and the way the shoes are used. However, as already suggested an optimal solution of the insole structure that would take into account the specific requirements of footwear for diabetics does not exist yet.

From the conclusions of measurement and statistical research in diabetic patients, we managed to formulate the requirements that the insole structure suitable for diabetics should meet. These requirements can be summarized as follows:

- finely shaped arch of the vault part,

- total cushioning over the entire foot area,

- increased cushioning effect below the places with the highest incidence of ulcerations,

- prevention of friction forces and thus increased heat concentration at the place of friction forces during walking,

- abrasion-resistant lining material,

- maintaining physiological temperature inside the footwear, natural ventilation by air circulation around the foot

- preventing the growth of fungi,

- preventing the spread of fungal infections.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To a large extent, the optimized insole structure of the diabetic footwear according to the invention contributes to solving the above technical problem. This insole structure, like the known footwear structures, consists of a sewn insole and an insole.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The stitched insole has an anvil shaped anchoring on the upper surface of its backing layer which has areas of greatest foot pressure concentration, in particular in the area under the toes, the area under the metatarsal bones, the area under the middle and back edge of the foot. and in the region under the heel bone, the shaped depressions are situated. The negative-positive principle fits into the shape of the raised and filled parts of the gel filler anchored in the lower moldable cushioning layer of the insole. The multi-layer construction of the insert insole further comprises a layer of expanded material with a shape memory, a technological textile layer, a cooling layer and an upper lining layer in a bottom-up direction.

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The backing insole support layer is preferably formed by a fibrous formation of a nonwoven fibrous layer interconnected in its entire structure by a latex binder. On its lower surface it has an anchored cork shaped part which helps to create depressions in areas with the highest concentration of foot pressure.

The gel inserts of the insole have an optimum thickness of 2 to 4 mm and, as already mentioned, are located primarily in areas with the highest concentration of foot pressure. They are preferably made of polyurethane, silicone rubber or other polymeric materials with properties similar to human tissue, in particular with the ability to distribute impact force components not only directly against the direction of action but also to the sides.

The additional layer of the insole - the layer of expanded memory foam material - may preferably be of expanded polymeric material such as open cell polyurethane, which after lightening - raising the foot - returns to its original thickness state with such a long time delay that In this material, the impression of the previous step was visible in this material. The material must provide permanent elasticity throughout the wear, as well as a moldable flexible support under it, again with an open cell structure.

The top lining layer of the insole is preferably of a textile material with a brushed surface, smooth to the touch, with high abrasion, antifungal and antibacterial effects.

The cooling layer of the lining material is based on a non-woven fibrous structure bonded with a special material containing miniature microcapsules containing PCM - phase change materials (OUTLAST) to help maintain a surface temperature of 28-30 ° C.

Individual parts of the insole to the gel part are designed so that the insole remains breathable and can be pushed out and sucked in at each step.

The combination of a wide range of materials with special properties together with a spatial solution makes the optimized insole structures according to the invention a unique technical solution with high preventive effect, which is to protect the diabetic foot against pressure points, frictional forces, cooling, ventilation, damping, antifungal and antibacterial character using a lining material placed on the surface of the insole with higher abrasion resistance, which allows this product to be used in potentially demanding working conditions. In case of contamination or damage to this insole by accidental influences that may occur in the working process, the insole can be easily replaced without damaging other parts of the footwear.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of components of an optimized insole structure in an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is cross-sectional views of the optimized insole structure of FIG. 1 at points A-A and B-B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The optimized insole structure of the diabetic footwear in the exemplary embodiment (see Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a stitching insole 1. and an insole 2.

The seaming liner 1 has a shaped part anchored on the upper surface of its supporting layer 1.3

1.2, which has in areas with the highest concentration of foot pressure - ie. in the area under the toes, the area under the metatarsal bones, the area under the medial and posterior marginal parts of the foot, and the area under the heel - the shaped depressions l.la.b.c and anatomical projections 1.5 are situated They are based on the principle of negative-positively raised and shaped parts

2.1 gel fillers anchored in the lower formable cushioning layer 2.2 of the insertion insole 2. The multi-layer construction of this insertion insole 2 further comprises a layer in the bottom-up direction

2.3 lightweight material with shape memory, technological textile layer 2,4, cooling layer

2.5 and the upper lining layer 2.6.

The gel filler 2.1b, c at 3.5 mm thickness at the highest pressure concentration points at position 2.1b, c is supplemented with gel elements at position 2.1a where the gel thickness is only 2.5 mm. Here too, these are places with an increased concentration of ulcerations, but these places are not as heavily burdened as at 2.1b.c when walking or standing. The gel parts of the polymeric material based on polyurethane or silicone rubber have properties similar to human tissue. Materials of this nature are used in various fields of technical, medical or other applications - they have an interesting ability to distribute part of the impact force not only directly against the direction of action, but they can also divide a large part of this force to the sides. In practice, this means that the critical phase of the step, which is a step and then a reflection, does not transmit the entire surface reaction force directly against the foot, but largely attenuates this reaction force.

The other layers of the insole 2 - the lower moldable cushioning layer 2.2 and the layer 2.3 of the expanded memory expanded material are of expanded open cell expanded polymer material. The lower moldable cushioning layer 2.2 is of a polymeric material based on expanded polyurethane, which has the ability to be thermoformed and pressurized. An important feature of the expanded memory layer 23 of the polyurethane-based polymeric shape memory material is the so-called polyurethane.

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delayed shape memory ". This property means that the material is shaped exactly according to the shape of the foot in the footwear and in the next step of the step - relieving - raising the foot above the surface, the material returns to its original thickness state with such a long time delay noticeable footprint of the previous one. This prevents the foot from slipping in the footwear and creating frictional forces that increase the heat concentration. Both materials do not show increased permanent deformation even after long-term use.

The technological textile layer 2.4 serves for easy interconnection with other layers of the multilayer structure of the insertion duct 2 and at the same time protects the cooling layer 2.5 in the structure of the nonwoven fibrous layer, which is bonded with a special material containing miniature microcapsules containing PCM - OUTLAST ) to help maintain a surface temperature of about 29 ° C. This layer works in both directions. cools under high ambient temperatures and warms under low ambient temperatures. Of course, given the weight and capacity of this layer, it has only a supportive temperature character, and in no way has the ability to maintain a "programmed" temperature.

The upper lining layer 2.6 of the insertion duct 2 is of a textile material with a brushed surface, smooth to the touch, with high abrasion resistance, antifungal and antibacterial effects.

The technological textile layer 2.4, the cooling layer 2.5 and the upper lining layer 2.6 together form a breathable lining structure. Its connection with the structure of the lower deformable damping layer 2.2 and the layer 2.3 of the expanded memory material is made by gluing by means of a spot coating of the thermo-adhesive. Spot coating of thermoplastic means creating a sufficiently strong joint to prevent the individual layers from sticking together, but spot coating means that the breathability of the sandwich material is maintained and the effect such as ventilation of the interior is maintained for diabetic work shoes.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS An optimized insole structure for diabetic footwear, comprising a stitching insole and an insole, characterized in that the stitching insole (1) has a shaped part (1.2) anchored to the upper surface of its support layer (1.3), which has areas of greatest concentration of the foot pressure, especially in the area under the toes, the area under the metatarsal bones, the area under the middle and back edge of the foot and the area under the heel bone, are formed shaped depressions (l.la, b, c) equally situated and shaped raised panels (2.1a, b, c) of the gel filler anchored in the lower moldable cushioning layer (2.2) of the insole (2), whose multilayer structure then further comprises a layer (2.3) of expanded material with memory, a technological textile layer (2.4), a cooling layer (2.5) and an upper lining layer (2.6). Optimized insole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the support layer (1.3) of the sewing insole (1) is formed by a fibrous formation based on a nonwoven fibrous layer interconnected in its entire structure by a latex binder and has an anchored anchored on its upper surface. cork panel (1.2) with shaped depressions (1.1a, b, c) and anatomical projections 1.4 in areas with the highest concentration of foot pressure. Optimized insole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel elements (2.1a, b, c) with a thickness of 2 to 4 mm, situated in the areas with the highest concentration of the foot pressure, are of polymeric material, in particular polyurethane base; silicone rubber, with properties similar to human tissue, especially the ability to distribute impact force components not only directly in the direction of action, but also to the sides. The optimized insole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (2.3) of the expanded memory expanded material is made of expanded polymeric material, in particular an open cell polyurethane, which returns to its original thickness state with a long time lag so that at the time of the next step the footprint of the previous step is visible in this material. -ί- 08-04-09 Optimized insole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling layer (2.5) of the insertion strand (2) is based on a nonwoven fibrous structure bonded with a special material containing miniature microcapsules containing PCM - phase change materials to help maintain the surface temperature. M.p. 28-30 ° C. Optimized insole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the top lining layer (2.6) of the insole (2) is of textile material with a brushed surface, smooth to the touch, with high abrasion, antifungal and antibacterial effects.