CS270138B1 - Preparation mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

Pre-blended mixtures with synergistic effect of polyamide and polyester fibers that improve winding, stretching, shaping and other textile processing in the form of aqueous dispersions 5 to 5 35% wt. a solid which is a mixture 60 to 99% of conventional teohn adduct olein I with 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 40 to 1% stearic stearate thickened condensate with 6 moles of ethylene oxide *

Description

The invention relates to preparative compositions which act synergistically in the spinning, drawing, shaping and finishing of polyamide apolyester fibers. These preparation mixtures are applied to an aqueous dispersion fiber with a circulation of 5 to 35% by weight. of the active substance and can be used for spinning under a spinning nozzle! needling, stretching, carding, tearing, cutting, shearing, spinning, spindlings and the like.

The production of polyamide and polyester fibers from the melt requires the use of suitable preparation mixtures, the use of which is necessary for the actual production process, as well as for the reasons of processability into textile structures in the most difficult work operations. To this end, in the preparation mixtures for polyamide and polyester fibers, emphasis is placed on good stability, aqueous dispersions and high concentrations, which guarantees uniform application, on the affinity for the fiber, which prevents splashing of the preparation aqueous dispersion from fiber during its formation under spinning nozzles and applications. preparation dispersion using preparation discs. Good affinity prevents the preparation dispersion from flowing out of the upper layers of the spun and stored undrawn cable in the cans on the lower layers, which results in an uneven distribution of the preparation in the layers, and thus in the final product. D8raz is also placed on cohesive properties, which are a basic prerequisite for the successful management of all technological operations for both tear fibers and endless fibers. In the case of tear fibers, it is the formation of a compact undrawn cable stored in a watering can by means of a hoe, this compact cable guaranteeing good guidance of the individual cables from the kettle system to the pulling device system via the device bundle to the cable splitter, forming and cutting system. In the case of continuous filaments, the cohesiveness is manifested in particular by high-speed forming and drawing by processing the wound bobbins of undrawn fiber without residues, which makes it possible to maintain the continuity of the drawing-forming process by establishing the following extensions of undrawn windings and thus increasing the capacities of forming machines. Emphasis is also placed on the optimum friction properties of the surface treatment of the fibers formed by the preparation mixtures, especially in the fiber / metal and fiber / ceramic system, where it is very important to achieve the optimum boundary between sizing fibers and cohesive properties by the synergistic effect of the preparation mixtures. The stop is also placed on the thermostable properties of the preparation mixtures, which can be stably at processing temperatures up to> 50 ° C. Also the electrostatic properties, microbial properties, toxicity of the preparation mixtures, elastic properties, are very important factors in the committee and the use of the preparation mixtures in the production and processing of polyamide and polyester fibers. ’

It is known to use a fibrous and final preparation agent for the treatment of synthetic synthetic fibers, according to OS AO 168 194, where the preparation composition consists of 20 to 80% condensate of high molecular weight bridge acids with modified polyglycols 0.5 to 50% by weight. of ethoxylated alcohols and from 80 to 20% of alkyl **, aryl-, or alkylaryl, silicone oil. The silicone component is microbiologically very difficult to decompose and also economically disadvantageous.

It is also known to use a preparative mixture for synthetic fibers, in particular polyamides according to CS AO 181 635, which contain 12 to 55% by weight. of vegetable oil, 10 to 42 wt. of sulphated vegetable oil, 15 to 62% by weight, a condensation product of a fatty acid or hydroxy acid with ethylene oxide and 14 to 58% by weight. ethylene oxide adduct of substituted phenol. The aqueous dispersion according to the invention contains 10 to 35% by weight. they are very unstable, which results in an uneven application of the preparation to the fiber, and thus a result - poor processability.

According to the invention CS AO 178 544, 5 to 16 wt.% Are used as fabric softener for synthetic fibers. parts of alkyloamides of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, 2 to 2

CS 270 138 B1 wt. parts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, 45 to 75 wt. parts of an oxyethylated mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids oxyethylated with 14 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide, 1 to 10 wt. parts of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction consisting of alkylbenzene and 3 to 20 wt. parts of water. This fabric softener does not guarantee sufficient cohesiveness, which is reflected in particular in the high-speed forming and drawing of PAD and PES cables with a total fineness of 1,330 to 4,000 dtex, on machines operating using a gaseous medium.

The use of CS AO 146 423, 168 941, 181 635, 185 368, 192 968, 207 066, 214 373 is also known. U.S. Pat. No. 1,852,612 discloses fibrous compositions in aqueous solutions of polyglycol addition products. This preparation is said to be advantageous for polyesters. According to Pat. CH 538 554 ea recommends a preparation for synthetic fibers, the components of which are the amino salts of an alpha-sulfonated acid ester and a fatty acid ester. According to Pat. DE 2 447 410 for the preparation of staple fibers, a condensation product of a fatty acid with an amine is suitable, while CS Pat. 15 '973, a preparation based on alkanoaminoalkylphenol polyethylene glycol phosphate is proposed for spinning staple fibers.

All these preparative mixtures and compositions do not guarantee the synergistic effect of all the desired properties, which is manifested especially in the production of polyamide and polyester cable with a total fineness of 1,330 dtex, prepared in a discontinuous manner, where shaping is done working on the principle of a gaseous medium, where ea use high working speeds up to 2,200 m / min. Imperfect processing of undrawn fiber trays generates considerable waste in the die-forming process. Also in the production of polyamide and polyester cable prepared by the discontinuous method, where the shaping is done from wound blanks of undrawn fiber on die-forming machines working on the principle of stamping, the total fineness of 2,670, 4,000 and 12,000 dtex, said preparation mixtures and means do not guarantee synergistic effect of all required properties.

This disadvantage is alleviated by the preparation mixtures of the present invention, which are applied to polyamide and polyester fibers from an aqueous dispersion containing 5 to 35% by weight. active substance, containing by weight:

up to 99% of component A, which is a technical adduct of olein I with 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 40 to 1% of component B, which is a technical condensate of stearic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide.

The preparation mixtures are heated to 35-50 ° C and, with constant stirring, dissolved in demineralized water at 30-50 ° C to still aqueous dispersions, which are applied to the fiber in an amount of 0.3-2.2% by weight. of active substance, preferably 0.6 to 1.2% by weight.

The preparation mixtures guarantee excellent stability of aqueous dispersions even at high concentrations up to 35% by weight, thus good transport of dispersions by preparation accessories such as pipes, pumps, nozzles, good wetting of polyamide and polyester fibers, thus good friction properties in the fiber / metal system , fiber / ceramic, uniformity of application along the entire length of the fibers, optimal friction in the fiber / fiber system and in addition to these properties a number of properties that are given by the synergistic effect of these mixtures, such as suppression of migration fibers, the elasticity of the final fiber, the cohesiveness of the fibrils of the fibrous structure, which is manifested in particular in high-speed forming and cutting by processing the blanks without residues, which allows maintaining the continuity of the die-forming process by bonding

The following examples show the characteristic properties of the surface treatments of continuous polyamide and polyester fibers by means of preparative mixtures in the form of aqueous dispersions of the present invention, processability and comparison of these properties with the properties and processability obtained by other surface treatments:

OS 270 13β Bl

Example 1

In the production of a polyamide cable formed by upsetting of a unit fineness of 27 dtex and a total fineness of 2,670 dtex, aa used a different spinning mixture as a spinning and at the same time final preparation 30. composition of 95 parts of component A, which is. , technical polyoxyethylene adduct of olein I with 20 moles of ethylene oxide per olein prepared by alkali catalyzed addition of ethylene oxide to olein using a granular KOH catalyst, at a temperature of 150 to 160 ° C, a pressure of 0.2 to 0.3 MPa and 5 parts of component B, which is a theoretical polyoxyethylene condensate of etearic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide, prepared by the catalyzed condensation of ethylene oxide not kearic tearic acid using a granular NeOH catalyst, at a temperature of 150 to 160 ° C and a pressure of 0.2 to 0.3 UPa.

The pre-mixed mixture used (mixture δ, 1) in 30% aqueous dieperz11 showed a very good standard, it was well transeportable by preparative smoothing and the polyamide cable prepared by this final preparative mixture showed good winding properties. principle of mechanical shaping in the shaping chamber, good operability of cutting - forming. The icy processing in textile use in cobers, as well as the mechanical and physical properties hurt good. .

For comparison, the preparation used hitherto for the production of the same cable (mixture 8.2) was used in the production of the same cable. 30 parts wt. oxyethyl castor oil, 20 parts by weight. castor oil, 20 parts by weight. of sulphated castor oil, 25 parts by weight. oxyethylated nonylphenol and 5 parts by weight. glycerol, which has a very poor etalosis at high concentrations and poor traneportability by pre-treatment, results in an uneven application of the powder to the fiber, and thus a consequence of degraded processing. The following results have been obtained:. ^?

Mixture 8. 1 Mixture fi. 2

Circulation preparation for fibers in% wt. 0.5 0.6 Coefficient of friction, (f _n ) fiber / metal. 0.23 0.30 Coefficient of friction (f _c ) fiber / ceramic 0.26 0.33 Cohesion of the undrawn fiber ribbon in% 96. 87 Waste during the die-forming process in% 4 ’\ 6 Qualitative evaluation of the final fiber after scanning: » 1st quality class in% 88 84 2, quality class in% 8 '10 non-standard material in% 4 6

Attach'2. · 'In the production of a polyamide cable formed by burning air with a total fineness of 1,330 dtex, · a 20% aqueous dispersion of a preparation mixture of the composition was used as a fiberizing, drawing-forming and final preparation at the same time: 80 parts of aqueous composition of the composition: 80 parts of component A and 20 parts component B of the products with perameters as in Example 1.

The polyamide cable, prepared with this final preparation mixture (mixture 8.3), showed good winding properties, when forming on forming machines and gaseous medium with burning air at working speeds of 1,800 m / tnln, good operating speed of drawing - forming, where it hurts After the transition of one undrawn fiber sample to another template, the transition was smooth, 8o guaranteeing the continuity of the die-forming process, thus reducing waste and increasing production capacities. Subsequent processing in textile by carpeting as well as mechanical-physical properties were good.

For comparison, a mixed preparation (mixture 8. 4) of the composition: 28 parts by weight was used in the production of the same cable. castor oil, 25 parts by weight. of sulphated castor oil, 24 parts by weight. of a condensation product of palmitic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of palmitic acid, 3 parts by weight. glycerin and 20 wt. parts of a nonylphenol adduct with 5 moles of ethylene oxide and the following results are obtained:

Mixture 8. 3 Mixture April 8 The content of preparation on the fibers in% wt. ¹ »0 1.0 Coef. friction (f_) fiber / metal 0.25 0.3 ’. Coef. friction (f _c ) fiber / ceramic 0.27 0.34 Cohesion of the untreated fiber ribbon in% 96 89 Waste during the die-forming process in% 7 . 10 Qualitative evaluation of the final fiber: 1st quality class in% 98 93 non-standard material in% 2 7

Example 3. '

In the production of hot air-formed polyester fiber, with a unit fineness of 13 dtex and a total fineness of 1,330 dtex, a 10% aqueous dispersion of a preparation mixture of: 65 parts of component A was used as a spinning, die-forming and at the same time final preparation and 35 parts of component B of the products with parameters as in Example 1.

The polyester cable prepared with this final preparation mixture (mixture no. 5) showed good winding properties, when forming on forming machines with gaseous medium with hot air at washing speeds of 2,000 m / min, good operational certainty of drawing - forming, continuity of forming - forming process, thereby reducing drag and increasing production capacity. Subsequent processing in textiles as well as mechanical-physical properties were good.

For comparison, in the production of the same polyester fiber, a mixed preparation (blend 8.6) of 34% by weight was used. olive oil, 18% wt. of sulphated olive oil, 30% by weight. of the condensation product of stearic acid with 3 moles of ethylene oxide, 2% by weight. glycerin and 16 wt. ethylene oxide adduct of nonylphenol with 6 moles of ethylene oxide and the following results are obtained:.

Mixture May 8 Mixture June 8 Preparation content on the fiber in% wt. '’> 4' 1.5 Coefficient of friction (f _m ) fiber / metal ' 0.25 0.29 Coefficient of friction (f) fiber / ceramic 0.27 0.3 ’ Cohesion of the untreated fiber ribbon in% 95 87

CS 270 138 Bl

Qualitative evaluation of the final fiber

Mixture no. 5

Mixture δ. 6

1st quality class in% nasal material in%

Example 4 '♦ In the production of a polyamide cable mechanically shaped in a crimping mosquito, a unit fineness of I9dtex and a total fineness of 4,000 dtex, a 30% aqueous diaphragm of a preparation mixture consisting of 99 parts of component A and 1 part component B of the products with parameters as in Example 1. During drawing and shaping, a 5% aqueous dispersion of the preparation mixture was prepared: 60 parts of component A and 40 parts of component B of products with parameters as in Example 1.

This combination of preparation mixtures guaranteed a very good construction of the undrawn fiber templates, a very good cohesiveness of the fibrous structure, thus also provided the preconditions for a good workability of the die-forming why and finally a very small elastic properties. The following processing in the textile poured into the cobors, as 1 mechanical-physical properties hurt good. . *

For comparison, in the production of the same cable, the same cono control of the preparation was used.

in Example 1 and the following results were obtained: .. Combination mix. Mixture no. 2 Fiber preparation content in% wt. '2.1 2.0 Coefficient of friction (f.) Fiber / metal m 0.22 0.28 Coefficient of friction (f.) Fiber / ceramic c 0.24 0.30 Cohesiveness of undrawn fiber ribbons in%. 98 . ⁸⁷ Qualitative evaluation of the final fiber after spinning: 1st quality triode in% 92 85 2nd quality class in% 6 10 non-standard material in% > 2 5 pissed off OF THE INVENTION

Claims (2)

The preparation has a synergistic effect for the spinning, drawing, shaping and finishing of polyamide and polyester fibers in the form of an aqueous dioporium containing 5 to 35% by weight of active substance, characterized in that the active substance is a mixture containing 60 to 99% by weight. component A, which is technical polyoxyethylene educt of olein I and 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 40 to 1% of component B, which is technical polyoxyethylene condensate of stearic acid with 6 moles of ethylene oxide.