CS231794B1 - Antistatic modified polyamides namely fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

Antistatic polyamide, especially fibers consist from 90 to 99.5% wt. polyamide (A), from 0.5 to 10 wt. of the compound (B) containing polyether, polyester and / or polyamide a group prepared from C4 to C12 dicarboxylic acid (I), alpha, omega-dihydroxypolyalkylene oxide (II) mol. weight 300-7000 with molar ratio (I) to (II) 1 to 0.6 to 0.6 to 1 and 6-caprolactam (III) in an amount of 20 to 80 wt. calculated on weight (B).

Description

The invention relates to antistatically modified polyamides, in particular fibers containing 0.5 to 10% by weight. an antistatic modifier based on the polycondensation product of 6-caprolactam with an esterification product of C 4 and 12 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and α, ω-dihydroxypolyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 300 to 7000.

Polyamide-based polymeric materials have a relatively light electrostatic charge. The electrostatic charge leakage rate is dependent on the electrical conductivity of the material. Some low electrical conductivity of the polyamides is explained by the transfer to the amide bond of another polymer chain, which is made possible by the rotation of the H-O-C bond. It is obvious that the electrical conductivity, respectively. the electrostatic charge leakage rate is proportional to the concentration of amide bonds in the polymer chain. It is dependent on the type of starting monomer and is constant for the conditions.

Polyamide 6, i. j. a 6-caprolactam-based polymer is one of the most common types of polyamides processed into various products, but mainly into fibers. Polyamide fibers, in comparison with natural fibrous materials such as cotton or wool, have some negative properties manifested by increased electrostatic charge formation. Due to the above-mentioned dependence of the electrical conductivity of the polyamide on its chemical structure, it is possible to eliminate, respectively. to suppress the formation of electrostatic charge and the resulting inconvenience manifested in the processing area as well as in the properties of the product by suitable chemical modification.

Antistatic treatment of polyamides, especially fibers, is currently of increased interest. This is manifested in a large number of inventions proposing methods of removal, or suppression of electrostatic manifestations. The most interesting are those modifications that lead to permanent reduction, respectively. suppressing the formation of electrostatic charges. Type of suitable modifiers are characterized by ^T NaJu al least one of the following:

- are capable of dissociating into ions - contain hydrophilic groups - contain hetaroatoms.

Most modifiers contain alkoxy groups in their chain. Modifier efficiency is often enhanced by further modification, e.g. phosphating, i.e. j. forming phosphoric acid esters (a. No. 226 630J).

The present invention relates to antistatically modified polyamides, in particular fibers, containing from 0.5 to 10% by weight of polyamide. an antistatic modifier for polyamide weight. The modifier is a substance containing polyether, polyester and / or polyamide groups which is obtainable from a C 1 to C 12 dicarboxylic acid (I) and a ω-dihydroxypolyalkylene oxide (II) having a molar mass of 300 to 7000 in a molar ratio of (I) to (II) % to 0.6 to 0.6 to 1 to 6-caprolactam (III) in an amount of 20 to 80 wt. by weight of the product of reactions (I) and (II).

Due to its good thermal stability, the high molecular weight type of the modifier can be added to the polyamides at any technological node of production. It can be added directly to the polymerization batch in the finished product, optionally in the form of an esterification product. Further, the modifier may be added in the molten state to the polyamide melt just prior to further processing, for example granulation, spinning, casting and the like.

It is also possible to prepare a modified polyamide granulate with a higher modifier content, which is diluted with pure polyamide granulate to the desired concentration before processing.

EXAMPLE

A high-molecular-weight modifier prepared by polycondensation of 6-caproate in an amount of 20% by weight was added to the polyamide 6 melt by a side screw metering device. to the esterification product of α, ω-dihydroxypolyethylene oxide having a molar mass of 600 and C6 dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of 0.7 to 1 so that the final modifier concentration in the fiber is 1% by weight. At the same time, the fiber was prepared with a reference of the same fineness of 110 dtex, but without the addition of a modifier. The fibers of the cane are processed to form a circular standard. These are subjected to a 20x wash cycle for the washing of synthetic fibers in a TATRAMAT automatic washing machine with the addition of Radion detergent at a concentration of 3 g / l of solution. For dried and air-conditioned samples, electrostatic properties were measured on the EP 02 friction electrification apparatus, at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C and a relative air humidity of 40%. The measured values are given in Table 1.

1 2 3 4 5

S 6

TABLE 1

Evaluation of electrostatic properties of PAD-6 txh with a fineness of 110 dtex

Reference fibers Modified fibers

Electrostatic charge intensity after 70 s charge (kV / cm)

Electrostatic charge intensity after 120 s decay (kV / cm)

Example 2

PAD granulate containing 5% w / w. % of a modifier prepared by polycondensation of 6-caprolactam in an amount of 75 wt. with esterification product of 1 mole of C 6 dicarboxylic acid with 0,9 mole α, ω-dihydroxy18,5 4,2

17.0 2.9 of polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of 6000 was spun. The prepared fiber having a fineness of 67 dtex as well as the reference fiber of the same fineness was processed and evaluated as in Example 1. The measured values are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Evaluation of antelectrostatic properties of PAD-6 txh fineness 67 dtex

Reference fibers Modified fibers

Electrostatic charge intensity after 70 s charge (kV / cm)

Electrostatic charge intensity after 120 s decay (kV / cm)

Example 3

PAD granulate containing 8 wt. a modifier prepared by polycondensation of 6-caprolactam in an amount of 50% with the product of esterification of 1 mole of C-12 dicarboxylic acid with 1 mole of α, ω-dihydroxypolyety18,3 4,21

16.1 0.46 of a 3000 molar mass of oxide was spun. The modified fiber as well as the reference sample having a fineness of 110 dtex were processed to form a standard and evaluated as in Example no. 1. The measured values are given in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Evaluation of electrostatic properties of PAD-6 txh with a fineness of 110 dtex

Reference fibers Modified fibers

Electrostatic charge intensity after 70 s charge (kV / cm)

Electrostatic charge intensity after 120 s decay (kV / cm)

Example 4

PAD granulate containing 5 wt. % of a modifier prepared by polycondensation of 6-caprolactam in an amount of 60 wt. with esterification product of 0,8 mol C 6 of dicarboxylic acid and 1 mol α, ω-dihydroxy21,7 2,90

18.2 0.51 polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of 300 was spun. The prepared fiber, modified as well as the reference with a fineness of 2670 dtex, was processed and evaluated as in the case given in example no. 1. The measured values are given in Table 4.

TABLE 4

Reference fibers Modified fibers

Electrostatic charge intensity after 70 s charge (kV / cm) 14.2

Electrostatic charge intensity after 120 s decay (kV / cm) 13.6

2.30

0.31

Example 5

PAD granulate containing 5% by weight of a modifier prepared by polycondensation of 6-caprolactam in an amount of 40% by weight. with a product of esterification of 1 mole of C 4 dicarboxylic acid with 0.8 mole of α, ω-dihydroxypolypropylene oxide having a molar mass of 4000, was spun. The prepared fiber having a fineness of 64 dtex as well as the reference fiber of the same fineness was processed into an etalon form and evaluated as in Example no. 1. The measured values are given in Table 5.

TABLE 5

Modified fibers

Electrostatic charge intensity after 70 s charge (kV / cmj)

Electrostatic charge intensity after 120 s decay (kV / cmj)

It is evident from the above examples that the polycondensate of 6-caprolactam with the product of dicarboxylic acid esterification with α, ω-dihydroxypolyalkylene oxide of given molar masses at the concentrations used, acts as an effective antielectrostatic19.1 4.05

18.2 0.51 modifier when applied to the polyamide mass. The prepared PAD-6 fiber has excellent anti-electrostatic properties even after 20 washing cycles, compared to unmodified fibers, respectively. modified phosphate.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT An antistatic modified polyamide mainly in the form of fibers, characterized in that it consists of 90 to 99.5 wt. % polyamide, from 0.5 to 10 wt. substances containing polyether, polyester and / or polyamide groups, obtainable by esterification of C4 to C12 dicarboxylic acid (IJ, α, ω-dihydroVYNALEZ) xypolyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 300 to 7000 (II) with a molar ratio (Ij to (II) of 1 to 0) 6 to 0.6 to 1, followed by polycondensation of the esterification product and 6-caprolactam (III) used in an amount of 20 to 80% by weight based on the weight of the product of reactions I and II.