CS204501B1 - Shaped trap for regulation of the numbers of exoantropous and hemisynantropous rodents classes - Google Patents

Abstract

The instant invention is a poison bait to control the numbers of exoanthropic and hemisynanthropic rodents, particularly the common vole, Microtus arvalis, causing damage to foodstuffs, namely in agriculture. The poison bait contains, besides the rodenticidal toxicant such as zinc phosphide, an attractive vehiculum consisting of meals of vegetable and/or animal origin. viz., 20-60 % by weight dried alfalfa meal, grass meal or legume-grass meal; 10-40 % by weight oat meal; 5-20 % by weight dried skim milk; and attractive admixtures of synthetic or natural origin, such as compounds of pheromone character or plant extracts, in a quantity of 0.001-10% by weight. The poison bait is shaped in regular cylindrical granules 2-4 mm (or, if need be, 8-10 mm) in diameter and 4-10 mm in length, dull grey-green or black-green in colour, with a distinct structure created by the vegetable material of the attractive vehiculum. The poison bait of the instant invention is not appointed to control other rodent species, such as synanthropic (e.g. the house mouse, Mus musculus, or the brown, or Norway, rat, Rattus norvegicus).

Description

The invention. This invention relates to shaped baits intended for the control of the numbers of harmful species, in particular for the control of exoanthropic and hemisynanthropic rodents by the motoda. flattening ·

The production of food resources for humanity throughout the world is greatly affected by losses caused by certain types of pests, among which rodents play an important role. In the conditions of Central Europe, and thus in our Czechoslovakia, the most socially important species include: Microtus arvalis, Arvicola terrestris, Clethrinnomys glareclus, Citellus citellus, Cricetus cricetue · In addition to direct damage caused by these rodents, their other importance lies in potential danger. threats to human health and the health of commercial and farm animal species through the transmission of certain reservoirs of diseases

All existing ways of influencing the population level of these pests are relatively poorly effective in various types of environments, despite the considerable demands on human work when applying prior art products. mainly prevents side effects on non-target animal species, · for example, aquatic invertebrate animals and fish are reported to be of the order of 1000 times ⁸⁸ * · Residual effects in soil and plants have also been proven

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ON 46 6021, Decree No. 2154/67 of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which define the use of this supplement only in limited Saxon periods. Also, the product cannot usually be used repeatedly on the same area.

The pitfalls of the cereal grains on which a toxic substance has been fixed by means of various binders show many disadvantages which lead to the endangerment of wild animal species and game. One of the main drawbacks is that they match the shape and size of the diet that feed most of the grasshopper birds. Placing pitfalls in rodents Harmful rodents are labor intensive and mechanized applications cannot be utilized.

At present, baiting, composed of various components of plant or animal origin, differently shaped, with different toxic substances, has been successfully used in the control of harmful rodents. Today used in Europe, produced in Germany, is shaped into granules with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of about 5 to 8 mm, the color of deep red. The poison carrier (Chloro-dimethylamino-methyl-pyrimidine) consists of various components, predominantly of plant origin, β with a relatively low attractiveness for common vole, Microtus arvalis. In addition, the strong coloring of the bait has an attractive effect on hunting birds, such as pheasant and partridge, so that the use of the product has to be restricted to dense and tall crop crops. Czechoslovak bait preparation according to MS. No. 163553 in the construction of the carrier is also based on certain components of plant and animal origin and is markedly blue in color. The disadvantageous properties are again high attractiveness in the environment for hunting birds and short shelf life. Both of the above-mentioned preparations have a common significant drawback: a long period of persistence in the environment. Qranule čs. Similarly, foreign preparations persist in natural conditions for more than 30 days, while the active substances in both preparations do not reduce their toxicity too much. This property of the preparation is considerably disadvantageous in our conditions at relatively high concentrations of game, such as pheasants and hares. Hunting practice requires β relatively relatively short field persistence.

The above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art baits are eliminated by shaped baits intended for the regulation of the epithelial states of exoanthropic and hemisynantropic rodent species according to the invention, shaped into regular cylindrical granules with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm or 8 to 10 mm and a length of 4 to 10 mm. gray-to-black-green color ее distinct structure, created by the plant material of the attractive carrier. It consists of an attractive carrier consisting of scrap or meal of vegetable and animal origin, selected from the group consisting of 20 to 60% clover, alfalfa or grass, 10 to 40% oat meal and 5 to 20 ¼ milk powder, supplemented with 0.001 up to 10% of attractive admixtures of synthetic or natural origin, such as pheromone substances or plant material extracts, and 0.1 to 20% of an acute or cumulative toxic substance, such as zinc foefide, or certain organic poisons such as chlordimethylaminomethylpyrimidine or tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Percentages are by weight.

The main advantage of the bait is its unobtrusive color together with its low attractiveness for game, allowing the use of the bait for the whole vegetation period of the crops, so

204 501 it can be successfully. applied preventively 'against the increasing. .kalamitními. occurrences .. This results in high economic savings, and. not only by lowering the bait,. but. . in particular by reducing the damage caused by overpopulated populations of harmful rodents. High. the attractiveness of the bait for harmful rodents causes rapid search and ingestion of granules, so within a maximum of 12 hours we will not detect the bait on the ground surface. This achieves higher and faster efficacy than the bait used so far and reduces the risk of poisoning for. other . animal species. Said bait components come from the raw material base of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic or the countries of the Comecon and they are at least 50% cheaper compared to other products. A further advantage of the tooling is the shape and strength of the granular bait, allowing application by various means. The human force in our wildlife and forestry is very expensive, so it is advantageous to apply the product to agricultural specialty machinery such as spreaders. fertilizers of various types, seeders or special applicators'. . granulated pesticides, carried both by land vehicles such as agricultural vehicles, tractors and by air such as aircraft or helicopters.

A practical example of making a bait according to the invention will illustrate the successors of the technological process; percentages are by weight.

The dry coals, i.e. 60% alfalfa meal 30% oat meal, 5% milk powder, are mixed in a continuous mixer until a perfect homogeneous mixture is obtained. Then 5% of a toxic substance, for example zinc phosphide, and 0.2% of an attractive ingredient, for example grass extract, are added. After mixing, the mixture thus obtained is granulated. This production can be used. commonly used feed granulation lines. No binders are used in the molding to allow rapid meahanic disintegration of the grants in the terrain to avoid long-term persistence of the formulation in the environment. Depending on the environment and the number of voles, the size of the girder varies from 4 to 8 mm. The smaller the granules, the greater their efficacy as it will cover the more thoroughly treated area. COMPONENTS OF THE COMPONENTS It is not necessary to change the proportions of the components only in exceptional cases or according to the possibilities of maerial security.

Mass ratios of individual components were tested and verified experimentally. The crop harvested in the spring season has a high attractiveness for Microtus arv. as well as other components of plant origin - oat scrap, which is to combat Microtus. arvalis is recommended by many foreign and our authors. These two most active ingredients, supplemented with milk powder, are also the essence of feeding diets for Microtus arvalis in captive breeding, where high attractiveness has also been demonstrated. To further enhance the attractiveness, specific attractions of both synthetic and natural origin, such as pheromone substances, or flavorings obtained from plant material extracts, are again added in an experimentally tested ratio. The blend of the starting attractive omppopins, as mentioned above in the example, is formed after mixing into granules with a smooth, regular surface with a visible structure. The pellet size is 2 to 4 mm in diameter and 8 to 10 mm in diameter, and the maximum length is 10 mm, the pellets not corresponding to the granulated feed used for rearing wild game birds. The bait color is bland, ie, gray-green to black-green, so that the game is not actively searched and merges in color with the environment in which it was

204 501 applied. The first will give the formulation above 5 mm or repeated dew in a form so that it is not accepted by game. The specific humidity and the number of granulated baits ensure perfect pokkyyí treated area, because in 1 kg is about 13 900 granules. When ..aplikaci · 10 kg n ^a atrahy per hectare Lochy ^{p p} s. None ^P per 1 m ² approx 14 pieces grarnlí.

Claims (1)

SCOPE OF THE INVENTION Shaped bait to regulate the numbers of exoanthropic and hemisynanthropic rodent species, shaped into regular cylindrical granules with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm, possibly Θ to 10 mm, and a length of 4 to 10 mm, and a faint gray-to-black-green coloring An attractive carrier material, characterized in that it consists of an attractive carrier consisting of scrap or meal of vegetable or animal origin, selected from the group consisting of 20 to 60% by weight of clover, alfalfa or grass, 10 to 40% by weight of oat meal and 5 to 20%. Powdered milk supplemented with 0.001 to 10% by weight of attractive admixtures of synthetic or natural origin, such as pheromone substances or plant material extracts, and 0.1 to 20%, respectively. toxic substances, acute or cumulative, such as zinc phosphide, chlordioetylaoiiomoeyУpyrioidiO, or tetrαoeeyУdisuУfotetamio.