CN86104795A - Steady ultra-high voltage working method of blast furnace and top arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of blast furnace high top pressure operation, particularly large blast furnace and stably carry out ultra-high voltage working method and top arrangement.This device is by ultra-high voltage N ₂Get rid of flue dust in the furnace throat, by artificial spy material, does not disturb mutually at chute rotation and inclination angle, the wedge valve sealing, and material guiding pipe spirals and descends, and bell is set up heat shroud and thermofin; The furnace top pressure curve can be controlled in 2～2.5 kilograms per centimeter ²Between, temperature curve can be controlled in (cold burden) 200 ℃ ± 20 ℃, and between (heat material) 300 ℃ ± 20 ℃, furnace roof heat resistanceheat resistant safety coefficient reaches more than 4～6.So, even also can realize steady ultra-high voltage operation to maximum in the world blast furnace.

Description

Steady ultra-high voltage working method of blast furnace and top arrangement

The present invention relates to the blast furnace high top pressure operation, particularly modernized large blast furnace is carried out steady ultra-high voltage method of operating and top arrangement.

Blast furnace, begin to adopt high top pressure operation from the forties since, develop into the sixties, tend to ultra-high voltageization and maximization again.(all furnace top pressure 0.3 kilograms per centimeter ²Above person claims high-pressure trend, 2～2.5 kilograms per centimeter ²The person claims ultra-high voltageization, and volume is at 2000M ³Above person claims to maximize.) so the furnace roof equipment size strengthened, manufacturing is not easy, number also handle up every day in ten thousand tons furnace charge, add washing away of ultra-high voltage hot coal air-flow, the work-ing life of equipment is just short more especially, blast furnace, particularly large blast furnace, be difficult to accomplish steady ultra-high voltage operation, thereby influence the raising of economic benefit greatly.Therefore, the effective control to throat temperature, pressure two curves has just become the key in the technical field of blast furnace process.

In order to address these problems; Bauer 5 spies of Lu Sen Bao Weiersi factory break away from the constraint of ancient " clock-type " capping furnace roof notion, establish two feed bins at furnace roof, and the upper and lower opening in storehouse is used the bacterium valve seal respectively; end opening is also established throttling valve with the adjusting materials flow, and protection bacterium valve sealing surface is not washed away by furnace charge.Two feed bin throttling valve, four bacterium valves open and close in turn, the loading and unloading material.Material flows to chute in the stove by material guiding pipe, and chute drives the driving mechanism that is contained in the airtight box by planetary reducer, drives rotation, angle, replaces the cloth great bell to be distributed in the stove in a variety of forms.Fill in the airtight box with the N higher slightly than furnace pressure ₂(or cooled coal gas) cools off the impact that is not subjected to ultra-high voltage hot coal blast in the stove with the protection driving mechanism.Cooling exhaust flows in the stove from the annulus of airtight box bottom.This equipment claims " PW " no bell top arrangement, and design in 1970 is finished, and is installed in the Bille August-No. four (1445M of Di Sen Iron And Steel Company in West Germany hamburger first ³) on the blast furnace, on January 8th, 1972 was dropped into trial run, prove that this device has following characteristics than " clock-type " capping furnace roof: size is little, in light weight, highly low, less investment, easy to manufacture, easy to maintenance, the cloth means are flexible, and charge level is smooth, even, and furnace throat normal temperature has only about 200 ℃, stopping property improves, and is described as " following blast furnace top charging equipment " by numerous smelters author.Stably carry out the ultra-high voltage operation but still fail to solve preferably blast furnace, particularly large blast furnace, a series of problems that run into, reason is:

1, machinery spy material is inaccurate, use temperature, pressure monitoring and gas analysis measure and also do not compensate, make the operator change, collapse the appearance of material, pipeline and the sign of the latter two, understand untimely the furnace throat stockline, the orientation is unclear, can not accomplish " " put " arrow " toward the interior cloth of stove.

2, drive unit is too complicated, makes no doubt difficulty, uses outstanding inconvenient.Not only disturb certainly mutually with rotatablely moving at the chute inclination angle, but also disturb mutually with stock rod.The operating duty that has is limit too deadly, conversion program easily, and therefore, the chute action is also late delays, and it is more passive to operate.

3, adopt the bacterium valve seal, do not have self-locking performance, though inlayed silicone resin, also be easy to generate minim gap, give ultra-high voltage hot coal air-flow with opportunity, sealing effectiveness is bad, and the life-span is not long, changes frequent.In addition, stock rod and gas sampling bar are vertical movements, and it is high speed rotating that the power of driving chute and valve is input into axle, and their place, hole of advancing is difficult for carrying out sealing, is unwell to the ultra-high voltage operation.

No matter 4 is to the centre, still peripheral cloth is all used rotating speed-8 a cycle per minute clock.To the periphery, the linear velocity of material is bigger, and to the centre, material almost is a freely falling body, and 14～15 meters drops are arranged from the feed bin end opening to stockline, so when furnace charge was fallen stockline, speed was all very big, gets rid of too terriblely, causes powder too much, easily is directed at blast wandering.

5, planetary reducer and driving mechanism all are placed in the furnace roof or near in the furnace roof, though have wheel casing and airtight box to be separated by, And fills with the N higher slightly than furnace pressure ₂(or cooled coal gas) protection, but the whole capping of airtight box bottom to the gap between the furnace wall (about 5mm) too wide, some bottom surface has only the heat insulation asbestos of one deck again, and is too thin, when furnace condition disorder, the interior mechanism of the easy impingement box of ultra-high voltage hot coal blast causes damage.So it is too high that ultimate temperature can not allow, the heat resistanceheat resistant safety coefficient is too little to making.

For reason given above, it has following two big shortcomings:

One, top adjust means too soft a little less than, lose control of the pernicious variation of throat temperature, pressure two curves, promptly powerless when throat temperature surpasses 500 ℃, must be by means of the cooling of reducing pressure of stokehold checking means.

Two, furnace roof heat resistanceheat resistant safety coefficient is too little, and (design normal temperature is 200 ℃ ± 20 ℃, mustn't be above 600 ℃) is unable to bear the impact of ultra-high voltage hot coal blast.

Task of the present invention is to provide " PW " no bell top arrangement of a kind of reinforcement, supplies blast furnace, particularly large blast furnace to carry out steady ultra-high voltage method of operating and top arrangement exactly.

Task of the present invention is finished by following technical proposals:

1, uses ultra-high voltage N ₂Get rid of high temperature and flue dust in the furnace throat, the chute inclination angle is mentioned 60 °, by artificial or use TV, by spying on that tin (And is aided with measures such as temperature, pressure monitoring and gas analysis on three mouthfuls of hagioscopes.) the furnace throat charge level is spied on ， And changing conditions is come together in the spike dish of operator's console, make the operator can in time and accurately understand stockline and change, collapse the appearance of material, pipeline and the sign of the two, accomplish " " put the interior cloth of past " arrows " stove.

Spy on tube, front outer has head light, and object lens and eyepiece tighten in the focusing drum of rear end.By special-purpose wedge valve protection, not influenced by the thermal radiation of ultra-high voltage heating gas at ordinary times; During use by ultra-high voltage N ₂Cause the pressure balance of power in the stove, draw back the wedge valve, just carry out work, and prevent that ultra-high voltage hot coal blast from exchanging the impact of burnt tube.

2, use the simple drive unit of a cover instead.Divide rotation and inclination angle two cover systems.The chute motion under any circumstance, all neither from disturbing mutually, does not have stock rod yet and disturbs.For the ease of speed change and break-in, prime mover is all used direct-current motor, material loading procedure have can be at any time relatively transposition automatically and manual two kinds.Therefore, the transfer of chute is sensitive quick.

3, with the wedge valve that self-locking performance is arranged.It also has simultaneously eliminates the performance of gap in bud voluntarily, does not give ultra-high voltage hot coal air-flow with opportunity.Materials flow can not be from inboard breakseal face not from the front, so the wedge valve has high sealing property, effective, the life-span is long.Prime mover adopts hydraulic drive, and hydraulic efficiency plant is installed in the stove.Avoid the furnace high-temperature influence in order to save cover power set and a following hydro-cylinder, the hyposphene valve also drives throttling valve and opens and closes and regulate materials flow ， And hydro-cylinder is placed among the recirculated cooling water cover protects.

The power of valve is contained in the stove, and the sealing problem at the place of being input into has solved.The power that other are difficult for carrying out sealing, be unwell to the ultra-high voltage operation enters the hole, be out of use (as the stock rod) that has, the improvement that has, few having used that (becoming the low speed power shaft as the high speed power shaft that drives chute) has is (as gas sampling.）

4, for wedge valve and buffering furnace charge are installed, feed bin rotates 30 ° relatively.60～70M is arranged ³Capacity so that carry out the cloth of various ways.In order to reach the rotation of chute speed change, during cloth, on operator's console, handle the chute angle, the magnetic field power of regulating rotating machine by synchrodyne realizes that promptly the inclination angle is little, the magnetic field grow of rotating machine, rotating speed height; Otherwise magnetic field dies down, and rotating speed is by low.Speed range is that 6～8 cycle per minute clocks and wedge valve opening size match, and can obtain contour charge level.The furnace charge of certain particle size leaves the feed bin end opening, is that last material guiding pipe and 47 ° of spiral lower material guiding pipes of 52 ° spiral down through gradient, plays shock absorption, can reduce the terminal velocity of furnace charge, reduces the broken rate of getting rid of, and promotes smooth operation of furnace.

5, replace planetary reducer with common step-down gear, be placed on outside the furnace roof.Driving mechanism is placed on the bell under the protection of airtight box, adds the lubricant sealing with asbestos, and for heat insulation, bell is fixed on the stove paulin, also establishes the recirculated cooling water cover between the two, and middle driving mechanism and the lower material guiding pipe installed is filler around the pipe.In the airtight box, remove with the N in a little higher than stove of pressure ₂Outside (or cooled coal gas) cools off, also establish fog-spray nozzle, intermittently sprinkle water on the turntable surface of driving mechanism, take away, prevent the overheated card wedge that is directed at of driving mechanism so that heat is turned to steam.Be provided with check valve in the cooling exhaust excretory pore on the rotating disk, other, as work is joined in the steel plate chain perforation that drives the chute inclination angle, associated gap＜1mm, so in any case, ultra-high voltage hot coal blast does not impact the inner box-machine structure yet, is very safe, ultimate temperature can improve greatly, obtains bigger safety coefficient.

The concrete structure of invention is by providing among the following drawings explanation and the embodiment.

Description of drawings:

30 ° of overall construction drawings of Fig. 1 bottom dextrorotation.

Fig. 2 top view.

Fig. 3 A-A sectional view.

Fig. 4 C is to view.

Wedge valve arrangement figure on Fig. 5.

Fig. 6 hyposphene valve arrangement figure.

Fig. 7 wedge valve drifting dust synoptic diagram.

Fig. 8 driving mechanism B-B sectional view.

Fig. 9 spike dish sciagraph.

Figure 10 hagioscope structure iron.

Fig. 1～4th, the overall pattern that proposes according to the present invention.The expression furnace charge is come blow tank [2] from travelling belt [1], wedge valve [3] enters feed bin [4] on the process, open hyposphene valve [5], material guiding pipe on the process [6] flows to lower material guiding pipe [7] and falls on the chute [9], drive chute [9] by driving mechanism [8], be distributed in the stove with various ways, and the whereabouts of chute [9] be shown in whole process on the spike dish of operator's console.Also represent furnace throat around and stove paulin [14] temperature [10] of proper amt is installed, pressure [11] monitoring facilities, with intensive eliminating flue dust nozzle [12], also have three mouthfuls of hagioscopes [13] in position every 120 ° one, the furnace throat charge level is divided into three spies on the zone.In order to get rid of flue dust faster, a bell-mouthed gas flue of lower end band [15] is established on every mouthful of hagioscope [13] opposite, and three pipe meets have vacuum fan [16], can cause negative pressure to furnace throat.

The method of spying on is once carried out by three zones, and many smoke evacuation dirt nozzles [12] and vacuum fan [16] cooperate starting, to go out the N that pipe pressure equals 2～2.5 times of furnace throat internal pressures ₂Press to charge level, the flue dust in the furnace throat, what have is sucked into coal gas siphunculus [15], and the quilt that has pushes back below the charge level, and charge level exposes finally, and the tube [56] of spying on from every mouthful of hagioscope [13] is all very easily got a glimpse of all situations that regional charge level is spied on the opposite.

In order to save N ₂, each all with the short as far as possible time, finish in about 4～5 seconds.The appearance and the sign of the latter two that stockline are changed, collapses material, pipeline are passed through the situation pilot lamp, come together on the spike dish of operator's console, temperature, pressure change then come together on the operator's console by thermocouple and tensimeter, make operator's nationality with early, understand exactly, so that take some countermeasures, prevent trouble before it happens.

By above-mentioned means, just the variation of throat temperature, pressure two curves can be controlled in the certain limit.Because high temperature resistant furnace roof is arranged, so truly have countermeasure improper, take place unusually, temperature, when pressure two curves sharply rise still can be calm and unhurried, continues to take above-mentioned adjustment means to adjust, and can recover normal very soon.

Describe the details and the working condition at minority position successively in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1～4.

One, goes up wedge valve [3] Fig. 5.Form by wedge [17], slideway [18], pressure beam [19], capping [20], hydraulic efficiency plant [21], valve seat [22], material outlet parts such as [23].

Wedge [17], material antifriction cast iron, valve seat [22] pile-up welding hard alloy.Trim requires to reach inside and outside no straight joint crack by facing-up.Hydraulic efficiency plant [21] is installed in the stove, is close near closing valve two, makes and opens valve thrust greater than closing the valve pulling force, guarantees that the wedge valve can not be directed at the card wedge.

Two, hyposphene valve [5], Fig. 6.It forms the recirculated cooling water cover that parts have increased a throttling valve [24] and hydro-cylinder.(not shown.) when operating, the keying size of control wedge valve just can be regulated materials flow.

Make and installation requirement, last hyposphene valve is identical, and valve seat [22] inner chamber all fills with the N higher slightly than furnace pressure ₂Cool off and drifting dust (Fig. 7).

Three, driving mechanism [8] Fig. 8.This mechanism comprises bell [28] and rotation, inclination angle two cover systems, under the protection of airtight box [29] and recirculated cooling water cover [27], is fixed on the stove paulin [14].Two cover systems support with ball [31], oil duct [26] conveyor lubricant, and asbestos layer [25] seals, and is joined by bearing [30] and airtight box [29], lies in above the bell [28].

Be fixed on turning axle [49] when rotation on the support [51], by Sui's wheel [44] passed to the identical gear of the number of teeth [42] by gear [45] with power and drive spline tube [34] and rotating disk [32] and joining following suspension hook [53] and chute [9] and rotate together.

Cylindrical gear [40] has two, is meshed with two tooth bars [41] that are fixed on jacking sleeve [47] outside respectively.When inclination angle axle [37] rotates, then drive conical gear to [39] and cylindrical gear [40] rotation, jacking sleeve [47] is just done up-and-down movement.Because of jacking sleeve [47] lower end connects by ball [50] mutually with flower keyboard [35], dish seat [36], so the three all makes synchronization lifting with jacking sleeve [47]; Below flower keyboard [35], suspension ring [68] are arranged again, joining steel plate chain [54] and vertically passing chain hole [69], walk around roller [70] bolt on the little axle [71] of chute [9], so chute [9] is promptly done 0～60 ° inclination angle motion with flower keyboard [35] lifting.

Flower keyboard [35], connect mutually with jacking sleeve [47] outward, in be meshed with spline tube [34], did rotation synchronously so both can follow spline tube [34], can make synchronization lifting with jacking sleeve [47] again, the rotation and the inclination angle of chute [9] are not disturbed mutually, and its whereabouts are shown on the spike dish of operator's console by rotating synchro [48] and inclination angle synchrodyne [38].

Spiral lower material guiding pipe [7] is packed in the cylinder [46], is full of thermal insulating filling [43] on every side and covers capping [52] then.Between cylinder [46] and the spline tube [34] 0.5～1mm gap is arranged, with one of perforated pipe, (not shown) is annotated rust-preventive agent off and on inward from the upper end, as the Sodium Nitrite clear liquid, plays lubricated, cooling and rust inhibition.Airtight box internal cooling waste gas mainly is to enter in the stove by one-way cock [33], from then on the slit is also arranged on a small quantity and wear chain hole [69] to enter in the stove.

The structure of rotating synchro [48] is: two disks are close together, one maintain static, be shown with orientation above corresponding to the furnace throat charge level, every orientation all has the corresponding orientation of the spike dish tracer lamp on electrical contact and the operator's console to link; Another piece is to be fixed on the turning axle [49], rotate with the axis, above and chute [a 9] mouthful corresponding orientation convex is arranged.Because turning axle [49] and chute [9] they are synchronous, so press to a certain orientation, connect power supply when convex, and corresponding orientation tracer lamp is bright on the spike dish, represents that then chute [9] mouth is in this orientation.Inclination angle synchrodyne [38] shows that the inclination angle size is same principle.At this moment, the projection of spike dish such as Fig. 9 on operator's console, 90 ° is the orientation of chute [9] mouth, ∠ is the inclination angle of chute [9] for 40 °, the round dot of the two intersection " Q " is the discharging point of chute [9], this point moves along with the variation at chute [9] orientation, inclination angle, can clearly see its track on the spike dish.

The magnetic field power that this camber angle synchrodyne [38] is regulated rotating machine also is same principle.Synchrodyne connects several levers, with angular movement, or plus or minus, can reach the purpose of controls revolution motor-field power.

Four, hagioscope [13], Figure 10.By special-purpose wedge valve [55] with spy on [56] two most compositions of tube.The trim of special-purpose wedge valve [55] is at lower edge, and the front end of its slideway is flexible slightly, upsprings when wedge withdraws from valve position slightly, makes wedge near pressing beam to skid off, to reduce the wearing and tearing of trim.

Spying on tube [56] is made up of head light [57], quartz glass cover [58], flexible seal cover [59] cover plate [60], support [61], stack shell [62], spherical bearing [63], eyepiece [64], focusing drum [65], object lens [66], handgrip parts such as [67].

Furnace throat is got rid of flue dust, hagioscope [13] is all pressed, is opened valve, bright lamp etc. and gives and being organized in earlier in the automatic control program, during work, only need actuating handgrip [67], spying on tube [56] just rotates around the center of circle of spherical bearing [63], eyes are near eyepiece [64], and just available 4～5 times in second scan the furnace throat charge level one time.

With spying on all situations of charge level, be shown on the spike dish by the situation pilot lamp, the operator just very easily aims at the discharging point " Q " of chute [9] at any time needs any corner of cloth to carry out cloth.

In sum, the present invention does not lose the characteristics of " PW " no bell top arrangement, has more following advantage:

One, to adjust means stronger on top, can effectively control the pernicious variation of top temperature, pressure two curves, need not look to the cooling of reducing pressure of stokehold checking means.

Two, furnace roof heat resistanceheat resistant safety coefficient increases, and (normal temperature, cold burden are that 200 ℃ ± 20 ℃ heat material are 300 ℃ ± 20 ℃, at Nei Keda between short-term more than 1200 ℃. ) under the impact of the formed super-pressure hot coal of gas explosion blast, still can trouble free service.

The present invention is owing to have an above-mentioned advantage, thus also can realize steady super-pressure operation in the world maximum blast furnace, thus can greatly increase economic efficiency.

Claims (2)

1, steady ultra-high voltage working method of blast furnace and top arrangement, it has:

(1) visit the material means,

(2) driving part,

(3) sealing position,

(4) guide position,

(5) bell [28] position is characterized in that above-mentioned part is strengthened;

(1.0) strengthen the material means of visiting,

(1.1) equal in the furnace throat 2～2.5 times N with pressure ₂,

(1.1.1) get rid of the interior high temperature of furnace throat,

(1.1.2) get rid of the interior flue dust of furnace throat,

(1.2) chute [9] inclination angle is mentioned 60 °,

(1.3) spy on charge level by three mouthfuls of hagioscopes [13],

(1.3.1) hagioscope [13] is opened on stove paulin [14], is 120 ° between two mouthfuls of hagioscopes [13], and its position is relative with coal gas siphunculus [15],

(1.3.1.1) each spies on the zone a coal gas siphunculus [15], and the lower end of pipe is a hydraucone, and the meet of three coal gas siphunculus [15] has vacuum fan [16],

(1.3.2) be equipped with in the hagioscope [13] spy on the tube [56], spy on the tube [56] front outer head light [57] is arranged, there is focusing drum [65] rear end, focusing drum [65] is made up of object lens [66] and eyepiece [64],

(1.3.3) spy on tube [56] by special-purpose wedge valve [55] and ultra-high voltage N ₂Protection,

(1.4) change, collapse the appearance of material, pipeline and the sign of the latter two by manually spying on stockline, come together in by the situation pilot lamp on the spike dish of operator's console,

(2.0) strengthen driving part,

(2.1) adopt a cover neither from disturbing mutually, also do not have stock rod and disturb, have rotation

With the mechanical actuation device of inclination angle two cover systems, distributor chute [9] is driven,

(2.1.1) be fixed on turning axle [49] when rotation on the support [51], by Sui's wheel [44] passed to the identical gear of the number of teeth [42] by gear [45] with power and drive spline tube [34] and rotating disk [32] and joining following suspension hook [53] and chute [9] and rotate together,

(2.1.2) garden stud wheel [40] has two, be meshed with two tooth bars [41] that are fixed on jacking sleeve [47] outside respectively, when inclination angle axle [37] rotates, then drive conical gear to [39] and cylindrical gear [40] rotation, jacking sleeve [47] is just done up-and-down movement, because of jacking sleeve [47] lower end and flower keyboard [35], dish seat [36] connects mutually by ball [50], so the three all makes synchronization lifting with jacking sleeve [47], below flower keyboard [35], suspension ring [68] are arranged again, joining steel plate chain [54] vertically passes chain hole [69] and walks around roller [70] bolt on the little axle [71] of chute [9], so chute [9] is promptly done 0～60 ° inclination angle motion with flower keyboard [35] lifting

(2.1.3) flower keyboard [35] connects mutually with jacking sleeve [47] outward, interiorly is meshed with spline tube [34],

(2.2) along with the variation at chute [9] orientation, inclination angle, the discharging point of cloth " Q " shows its track on the spike dish,

(3.0) reinforced seal position,

(3.1) the upper and lower mouthful of wedge valve [3,5] of sealing of feed bin [4] with self-locking performance,

(3.1.1) hyposphene valve [5] drives throttling valve [24] keying,

(3.1.2) hyposphene valve [5] hydro-cylinder has the recirculated cooling water cover,

(3.2) hydraulic efficiency plant of valve [21] is installed in the stove,

(3.3) hydraulic efficiency plant of valve [21] is close near closing valve two,

(4.0) strengthen the guide parts,

(4.1) go up material guiding pipe [6] and lower material guiding pipe [7] helically,

(4.2) chute [9] speed change rotation, scope is 6～8 cycle per minute clocks,

(4.2.1) on operator's console, handle chute [9] angle, drive synchrodyne [38],

(4.2.2) realize that the rotation of chute [9] speed change is the magnetic field power of regulating rotating machine by synchrodyne [38],

(5.0) strengthen bell [28] position,

(5.1) between bell [28] and the stove paulin [14] recirculated cooling water cover [27] is arranged,

(5.2) establish check valve [33] in the cooling exhaust excretory pore,

That (5.3) can let out cooling exhaust wears chain hole [69], associated gap≤1mm between cylinder [46], the spline tube [34],

(5.4) establish fog-spray nozzle in the airtight box [29], intermittently sprinkle water on rotating disk [32].

2, steady ultra-high voltage working method of blast furnace according to claim 1 and top arrangement is characterized in that collecting the discharging point " Q " of chute [9], and the variation of furnace throat stockline, the appearance of collapsing material, pipeline and the sign of the latter two are on the spike dish (Fig. 9) of operator's console.

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