CN2748783Y - Coal-burning boiler cleaning combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a coal-burning boiler cleaning combustion device, which comprises a wind machine, a wind volume allotter, wind volume controllers and a wind-allocating chamber. The wind machine, the wind volume allotter and the wind volume controller are arranged on one side of the boiler bore of the coal-burning boiler, the wind machine is connected with the wind volume allotter, and the wind volume allotter is respectively connected with one end of three wind volume controllers. The utility model has the advantages of secure and reliable use and notable coal-saving effect; the heat efficiency of the boiler also can be improved. The coal-burning boiler cleaning combustion device can be widely used and is suitable for various coal types. The coal-burning boiler cleaning combustion device is not only used for designing and manufacturing novel boilers but also used for reforming old boilers and parts of industrial furnaces. The coal-burning boiler cleaning combustion device has strong applicability.

Description

Coal-fired boiler clean combustion device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a clean combustion device for a coal-fired boiler.

Background technique

At present, the similar coal-fired clean combustion domestic boilers produced and sold on the market are all in the form of a single product, and they are varied and diverse. However, there is no precedent for systematic research on bituminous coal clean combustion technology.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a clean combustion combustion technology for coal-fired boilers. The air volume controller is used to reasonably distribute air to the air distribution chamber, which can not only solve the clean combustion of coal-fired vertical boilers, but also solve the clean combustion of horizontal boilers. In order to solve the problem, this combustion technology can also be used to transform the old boilers with serious pollution exceeding the standard, so as to achieve the purpose of clean coal combustion.

The utility model is realized in the following way: that is, the fan, the air volume distributor, the air volume controller, the air distribution chamber, the fan, the air volume distributor, and the air volume controller are arranged on the furnace side of the coal-fired boiler, and the fan and the air volume distributor The air volume distributor has three holes respectively connected to one end of the three air volume controllers. Each air volume controller is equipped with a valve. The primary air distribution chamber is located under the grate and fixed on the furnace wall of the coal-fired boiler. The air volume controller at the bottom is connected to the primary air distribution chamber through the boiler drum. The primary air intensifier includes the primary air distribution chamber and the nozzle. The primary air distribution chamber is equipped with 6-36 nozzles, the angle between the nozzles and the plane is 5°-45°, the air volume controller located in the middle of the air volume distributor passes through the furnace wall and connects with the secondary air distribution chamber, and the outer ring of the secondary air distribution air is connected to the coal-fired The furnace wall of the boiler is integrated, and its outer ring is the inner tank. There are 8-60 nozzles on the inner ring of the secondary air distribution chamber, and the number of nozzles is 4-15 mm. The air chambers are connected, and the tertiary air distribution chamber is arranged in a ring shape outside the boiler drum. The tertiary air distribution chamber is connected with nozzles, and the nozzles pass through the drum and the inner tank. There are 6-48 nozzles. The air chamber is located under the boiler suspension.

The whole system is installed around the furnace of the coal-fired boiler, and the air is compressed by the fan to form uniform air with a certain wind pressure, enters the air volume distributor, and then is reasonably distributed to the three air distribution chambers through the three air volume controllers. According to the combustion and dust removal requirements of various types of bituminous coal, their structures are different and have their own characteristics. The air volume controller at the bottom sends the air with a certain air pressure and air volume into the primary air distribution chamber, and the air is blown from the circumferential direction through the primary air intensifier. 6-36 nozzles are blown to the grate from the lower part at different angles of 5°-45° to the plane to supply enough air for bituminous coal combustion to make the fire more vigorous. When bituminous coal burns, solid coal and gaseous phase The air burns from the outside to the inside. At high temperature, hydrocarbons decompose to produce a large amount of carbon black particles, coal tar and combustible gases with complex components. These combustibles will cause serious pollution when discharged into the atmosphere. These combustibles must be burned to achieve bituminous coal. To achieve this goal, in addition to supplying sufficient primary air, special secondary air with oxygen and combustion support must be supplied to solve the problem of clean combustion; the air volume controller located in the middle of the air volume distributor controls the air volume with a certain air pressure and air volume It is sent to the secondary air distribution chamber on the upper part of the grate from the pipeline passing through the drum and the liner. At the moment when the gas is generated, the secondary air is added with oxygen through the nozzle holes to fully burn the combustible substances in the air screen. The secondary air It is blown from the inner circle of the secondary air distribution chamber to the center of the furnace with a certain pressure and perpendicular to the direction of the flame to form a wind screen. The wind screen has three functions: firstly, supply sufficient air to support combustion, and fully absorb the combustible substances here. Combustion, all combustible substances are burned, which further improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler; secondly, it filters most of the smoke and dust, effectively solving the problem of smoke and dust removal; thirdly, it blocks the high-temperature flue gas from moving quickly, prolonging the residence time of high-temperature flue gas, The thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved; the tertiary air is sent into the tertiary air distribution chamber through the top air volume controller, and 6-48 nozzles are blown into the furnace through the drum and the inner tank in a tangential direction, forming a cyclone vortex dust removal combustion chamber, It is used to solve the problem of some large particles of dust rushing out of the chimney. Here, the traditional cyclone vortex dust removal principle is adopted, and the tertiary wind is blown in at a certain pressure along the tangential direction at high speed (13-20m/s), forming a high-speed rotating cyclone vortex , so that the large particle dust settles along the drum under the action of centrifugal force, and the remaining unburned combustible substances are all burned here, thus completely solving the problem of clean combustion of bituminous coal. Of course, bituminous coal with high sulfur content also has the problem of sulfur dioxide emissions. The most effective way is to add 3% calcium oxide to the coal and then strengthen the method of sulfur-fixed combustion to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions and meet the emission limits stipulated in the national environmental protection standards. . Adopting this series of combustion technologies can realize the problem of clean combustion of bituminous coal.

The utility model is practical, safe and reliable, and can be used in a wide range of boiler furnace types, and is applicable to various types of coal. It can be used not only for designing and manufacturing new boilers, but also for renovating old boilers and some industrial kilns, and has strong applicability. After using this combustion technology, the boiler that uses bituminous coal as fuel can achieve the purpose of clean combustion, and the emission of air pollutants from the boiler fully complies with the emission limit of zone II period of the first category in GB13271-2001 "Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Boilers".

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural diagram of clean combustion device of coal-fired boiler.

1. Fan, 2. Air volume distributor, 3. Air volume controller, 4. Tertiary air distribution chamber nozzle, 5. Secondary air distribution chamber, 6. Primary air distribution chamber, 7. Fire grate, 8. Tertiary air distribution room, 9. Boiler.

Detailed ways

In accompanying drawing 1, the air enters the air volume distributor (2) after being pressurized to 1000-3000Pa by the fan (1), and is distributed to three air volume controllers (3), three air volume controllers (3) and three The air distribution chamber (6, 5, 8), the air entering the primary air distribution chamber (6) passes through 6-36 nozzle pipes with a diameter of 15-30 mm of the primary air intensifier to form a 5°-45° angle with the plane The different included angles blow to the entire grate bottom surface of the fixed grate (7), the uniform and powerful sufficient air ensures the normal combustion of the coal, and the burning flame and high-temperature flue gas are forced through the wind under the action of the primary air intensifier. The sieve, which is filtered by the air sieve, becomes clean, and is strongly oxidized and burned here, and the multiple combustible gases of complex components produced by burning coal on the fire grate (7) are fully burned here, and the smoke and dust are eliminated from the source. There are also some relatively large particles of dust and a very small amount of unburned residual combustible substances rushing through the wind screen and continuing to go upward, reaching the tertiary air distribution chamber (8) - the whirlwind vortex combustion chamber continues to burn completely, and the pressure is 1000-3000Pa. The wind is sprayed tangentially into the cyclone vortex dust removal combustion chamber through 6-48 2-25 mm nozzles (4) (13-20m/s), forming a high-speed rotating airflow above 2000 rpm, so that large particles of dust pass through the After high-speed rotation, under the action of centrifugal force, most of them will settle down along the drum, and a small part will continue to rotate and rise to stop the upper part of the boiler (9) from sinking. After the treatment of the three air distribution chambers, most of the pollutants can be removed and burned. The purpose of clean combustion is achieved, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the effect of coal saving is very significant. The emission of atmospheric pollutants from the boiler fully complies with the emission standards of the first zone II period of the national environmental protection standard.

Claims (5)

1, the present invention relates to a kind of clean combustion of boiler using coal as fuel device, promptly comprise blower fan (1), air volume distributor (2), blast volume controller (3), distribution plenum (6,5,8), blower fan (1), air volume distributor (2), blast volume controller (3) is arranged on burner hearth one side of coal-burning boiler (9), tertiary air distribution plenum (8) is located at the outstanding courage of boiler (9) below, it is characterized in that: blower fan (1) links to each other with air volume distributor (2), air volume distributor (2) has three holes to link to each other with three blast volume controllers (3) one ends respectively, three blast volume controllers (3) respectively with three distribution plenums (6,5,8) link to each other, a wind distribution plenum (6) is located at below the fire grate (7), be fixed on coal-burning boiler (9) furnace wall, passing boiler (9) drum at nethermost blast volume controller (3) links to each other with a wind distribution plenum (6), one time the wind intensive comprises a wind distribution plenum (6), shower nozzle, a wind distribution plenum (6) is provided with shower nozzle, shower nozzle becomes 5 °-45 ° with the boiler bottom plane included angle, the blast volume controller that is positioned at air volume distributor (2) centre passes stove (9) thorax wall and links to each other with secondary wind distribution plenum (5), secondary wind distribution plenum (5) inner ring is provided with nozzle, the superiors' blast volume controller (3) links to each other with tertiary air distribution plenum (8), tertiary air distribution plenum (8) is ring-like boiler (9) the drum outside that is arranged in, connect jet pipe (4) on the tertiary air distribution plenum (8), jet pipe (4) passes drum and inner bag.

2, as claims 1 described a kind of clean combustion of boiler using coal as fuel device, it is characterized in that: respectively be provided with a valve on three blast volume controllers (3).

3, as claims 1 described a kind of clean combustion of boiler using coal as fuel device, it is characterized in that: a wind distribution plenum (6) is provided with 6-36 shower nozzle.

4, as claims 1 described a kind of clean combustion of boiler using coal as fuel device, it is characterized in that: the nozzle on secondary wind distribution plenum (5) inner ring is 8-60, aperture 4-15 millimeter.

5, as claims 1 described a kind of clean combustion of boiler using coal as fuel device, it is characterized in that: jet pipe (4) is 6-48.

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