CN2512773Y - Wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wastewater treatment equipment for treating the domestic sewage, the name is wastewater treatment equipment. To solve the technical problem of treating the sewage by cesspool does not meet the sanitation discharge standard in large-scale sewage treatment works when treating the dispersed of sewage pollution source in the districts without sewage pipe network. The utility model includes a flocculate tank 1, a precipitate filtering tank 2 and an oxidize biochemistry tank 3. The flocculate tank 1 is communicated with the below part of the filtering tank 2, the upper part of the precipitate filtering tank 2 is communicated with the upper part of the biochemistry tank 3; the middle part of the filtering tank 2 has a screen plate 5, the surface of the screen plate 5 has a filter layer 6; the biochemistry tank 3 is provided with a lever clapboard 7, the lever clapboard 7 is provided with a plurality of water channels 8, the beginning and the end of each adjacent two water channels 8 are connected together, and the bottom of the water channels 8 has a filter layer. The utility model is essentially used for wastewater treatment, so the level of discharging standard of the treated wastewater can be reached.

Description

Sewage treatment equipment

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a device for purifying domestic sewage.

Background technique:

The sewage treatment equipment currently in public use mainly includes large sewage treatment plants and septic tanks. Large-scale sewage treatment plants are mainly used in cities. The sewage discharged from cities is concentrated in large-scale sewage treatment plants for treatment, and then discharged into rivers, lakes or seas after meeting the discharge standards. Large-scale sewage treatment plants occupy a large area and require a large investment. They can only conduct centralized treatment of sewage, and cannot solve the problem of sewage pollution in villages and towns, military barracks, resorts and hotels in scenic tourist areas scattered in areas without sewage pipe networks. Therefore, large-scale sewage treatment plants cannot treat the sewage that is scattered into the source and process of rivers. In addition, the sewage treated by large sewage treatment plants is generally discharged, and reclaimed water cannot be reused. Septic tank is a sewage treatment facility that has been used for more than 100 years. Compared with large sewage treatment plants, it occupies a smaller area and requires less investment. It is suitable for the treatment of scattered sewage pollution sources in areas without sewage pipe networks. In order to solve the problem of sewage treatment in areas without sewage pipe network, septic tanks are also widely used in my country to treat domestic sewage in organs, schools, army barracks, resorts, hotels and factories in areas without sewage pipe network. The septic tank can only precipitate and ferment the coarse particles of feces, and has no sewage purification function. The treated sewage is still turbid and smelly, which cannot meet the sanitary discharge standards. If the sewage treated by septic tanks is directly discharged into rivers and lakes, it will still pollute fresh water resources. In addition, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas is released in the sewage discharged from the septic tank, and hydrogen sulfide will cause serious pollution to the atmosphere. Due to the poor treatment effect of septic tanks on sewage, developed countries have long stopped using them.

Invention content:

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that large-scale sewage treatment plants cannot treat scattered sewage pollution sources in areas without sewage pipe networks, and the treatment of sewage by septic tanks cannot meet the requirements of sanitary discharge standards. In order to solve this technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: sewage treatment equipment, including flocculation tank 1, sedimentation filter tank 2 and oxidation biochemical tank 3; Communication, the upper part of the sedimentation filter tank 2 communicates with the upper part of the oxidation biochemical tank 3; the middle part of the sedimentation filter tank 2 has a filter plate 5, and the top of the filter plate 5 has a filter layer 6; the oxidation biochemical tank 3 has a horizontal partition 7, and the horizontal There are several water channels 8 on the partition 7, the inlet 9 of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 is aligned with the first water channel 8, the two adjacent water channels 8 are connected end to end, and the last water channel 8 is connected to the outlet of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 10 communicates; the bottom of the water channel 8 has a filter layer 11, and the water channel 8 is connected with the atmosphere.

The flocculation tank 1 has a sewage inlet through which the sewage that has undergone primary treatment or septic tank treatment enters into the flocculation tank 1 . The flocculation tank 1 has a medicament feeding port, through which a medicament for flocculating colloidal substances in sewage, such as ferric chloride, can be put into the flocculation tank 1 . The main function of the flocculation tank 1 is to flocculate the semi-water-soluble colloidal substances in the sewage through the medicament, forcing its molecules to form particles and precipitate them to the bottom of the tank, and then undergo anoxic decomposition. Under the action of anaerobic bacteria Acidic fermentation is carried out to produce carbon dioxide and methane. If ferric chloride is used as the agent for flocculation, the reaction between ferric chloride and hydrogen sulfide can precipitate sulfur and sink to the bottom of the tank, and the toxic hydrogen sulfide gas will not be discharged into the atmosphere. The main function of the sedimentation filter tank 2 is to filter and settle the flocculation particles in the sewage treated by the flocculation tank 1. Its filter plate 5 is set in the middle, which can realize reverse filtration from bottom to top, and the flocculation particles in the sewage It is filtered by the filter plate 5 on its lower surface, and settles to the bottom of the tank by its own weight to continue to decompose. A "biofilm" will soon be formed in the gap of the filter layer 6, and the "biofilm" will further filter and perform biochemical treatment on the finer flocculation particles passing through the filter plate 5, so that the organic matter will be further biochemically treated under the action of the "biofilm". degradation. The oxidation biochemical tank 3 lengthens the distance of the sewage flow through the end-to-end water channel 8, so that the area of the sewage in contact with the air is increased during the flow. In the gap of filter layer 11, "biofilm" is formed very quickly, and "biofilm" plays a biochemical role. The organic matter in the sewage reacts with the oxygen in the atmosphere above the filter layer 11 to further oxidize the organic matter (wet combustion), and finally the sewage becomes clean, odorless and transparent.

The horizontal partition 7 in the oxidation biochemical tank 3 of the utility model is divided into several pieces, which are distributed up and down in the oxidation biochemical tank 3 and are parallel to each other; the inlet 9 of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 is aligned on the uppermost horizontal partition 7 The first water passage 8 of the first water passage 8 on the lowermost horizontal partition 7 communicates with the outlet 10 of the oxidation biochemical tank 3; the first water passage 8 on each horizontal partition 7 in the middle The starting ends are all aligned with the outlet 12 at the end of the last water passage 8 on the adjacent last horizontal partition 7, and the ends of the last water passage 8 are all aligned with the first one on the next adjacent horizontal partition 7. The beginning of the water channel 8.

The horizontal dividing plate 7 is divided into several pieces, that is, more than two pieces, so that the distance of sewage flow can be increased on a limited floor area, and the sewage can be freely fallen between two adjacent horizontal dividing plates 7, so that A large amount of oxygen in the air dissolves in the sewage, which improves the effect of biochemical treatment of organic matter in sewage.

The water channel 8 on the horizontal dividing plate 7 of the present utility model is formed by the mutual interval of several vertical dividing plates 13, and the vertical dividing plate 13 is fixed on the horizontal dividing plate 7; 7 is vertical, so that the water channel 8 is in the shape of a straight groove; the water channel 8 communicates with the atmosphere through the vent pipe 14 .

The filter plate 5 of the sedimentation filter tank 2 of the present utility model has a filter screen 15, and the filter layer 6 is composed of crushed stones.

The filter plate 5 has some holes that can allow the sewage to pass through, and the filter screen 15 is installed on these holes. When the sewage passes through the filter screen 15 from bottom to top in the sedimentation filter tank 2, larger floc particles are filtered on the lower surface thereof by the filter screen 15, and finally settle to the bottom of the tank by its own weight. The filter layer 6 is composed of crushed stones, and a "biofilm" is quickly formed in the gaps of the crushed stones, so that the smaller flocculated particles passing through the filter screen 15 are biochemically treated under the action of the "biofilm".

The filter layer 11 at the bottom of the water channel 8 of the present utility model is made up of crushed stones.

The filter layer 11 is composed of gravel, and a "biofilm" is quickly formed in the voids of the gravel, so that the organic matter in the sewage flowing through the water channel 8 is biochemically treated under the action of the "biofilm".

The flocculation tank 1 of the utility model has a drug feeding tube 4 and an air-filling tube 16 .

The dosing pipe 4 is used to put the medicament for flocculating the colloidal substance in the sewage into the flocculation tank 1, and the medicament can be ferric chloride. The air-filled pipe 16 fills the sewage in the flocculation tank 1 with high-pressure air, and the high-pressure air stirs the sewage, so that the input medicine and sewage are evenly mixed, and the flocculation effect is improved.

In the above technical solution of the utility model, the sewage entering the flocculation tank 1 from the sewage inlet of the flocculation tank 1 is generally treated sewage, such as sewage treated by a septic tank.

In the case that the sewage has not been preliminarily treated, the utility model can also include a septic tank 17 and a septic tank 18; the upper part of the septic tank 17 has a sewage inlet 19, and the upper part of the septic tank 17 communicates with the upper part of the septic tank 18 through a connecting pipe 20 , the upper part of the septic tank 18 communicates with the upper part of the flocculation tank 1 through a communication pipe 21 .

Sewage enters the septic tank 17 through the sewage inlet 19, and enters the septic tank 18 through the connecting pipe 20 after being treated in the septic tank 17. The organic matter in the sewage in the septic tank 17 and the septic tank 18 is fermented under the metabolism of microorganisms, and undergoes aerobic degradation. The decomposition of organic matter is roughly divided into two stages: the first stage is the oxidation process, and the second stage is the nitrification process.

The oxidation process is mainly completed in the corrosion tank 17, that is, the process in which organic matter is oxidized into carbon dioxide. The chemical equation is:

(microorganism)

Under natural conditions (temperature is 20°C), the first-stage oxidative decomposition of general organic matter can be completed within 10 to 20 days.

The nitrification process is mainly completed in the corrosion tank 18, under the action of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia (NH ₃ ) is oxidized into nitrite and nitrate, and the chemical equation is:

The septic tank 18 of the present utility model has a vertically placed isolation plate 22, and the isolation plate 22 longitudinally isolates the septic tank 18 into a chamber 23 and a chamber 24; the upper part of the chamber 23 communicates with the upper part of the septic tank 17 through a connecting pipe 20 , the upper part of the chamber 24 is communicated with the upper part of the flocculation tank 1 through the communication pipe 21;

The filter screen 25 can stop larger organic matter particles and other sundries from continuing to decompose in the corruption tank 18.

In order to make the treated reclaimed water continue to be utilized, the utility model also includes a water storage tank 26; the outlet 10 of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 communicates with the water storage tank 26, and the water storage tank 26 has a water pump 27.

Compared with large-scale sewage treatment plants, the utility model has the advantages of small floor area, low cost and low energy consumption. Because the utility model can realize miniaturization, it can be widely used in areas without sewage pipe network, such as tourist attractions, islands, and rural areas, to treat domestic sewage produced in villages, towns, army barracks, hotels, factories, etc. Widely adopting the utility model can prevent domestic sewage from polluting the source and flow of rivers and protect fresh water resources. Because the utility model has the water storage tank 26, it can realize the reutilization of middle water, and can save a large amount of fresh water. Compared with septic tanks, the utility model has very obvious treatment effect on sewage. Because ferric chloride and other agents can be put into the flocculation tank 1, the colloidal substances in the sewage are combined into particles and precipitated to the bottom of the tank for anaerobic decomposition, and acidic fermentation is carried out under the action of anaerobic bacteria to generate carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide. Ferric chloride reacts with hydrogen sulfide, and the precipitated sulfur sinks to the bottom of the tank. In this way, the hydrogen sulfide produced in the sewage treatment process is avoided from entering the atmosphere and causing secondary pollution. The domestic sewage treated by the utility model, according to the water quality monitoring report of the Laoshan District Environmental Monitoring Station in Qingdao City: "The pollutants PH, COD _CR , suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate at the water outlet all reach the level of GB8978-1996 "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge""Standard" first-class standard. The sewage treatment facility has obvious treatment effects on COD _CR and suspended solids, and the removal rate is above 97.00%" [Excerpted from Laohuan Committee (Shuijian) No. 45, 2001].

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view (being the B-B view among Fig. 2) of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is A-A view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the C-C view among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the front view (full section) of embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is the D-D view among Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is an E-E view in FIG. 4 .

Detailed ways:

The preferred embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, this embodiment is a square sewage treatment equipment, which consists of a corrosion tank 17, a corrosion tank 18, a flocculation tank 1, a sedimentation filter tank 2, an oxidation biochemical tank 3 and a water storage tank 26. . The flocculation tank 1, the sedimentation filter tank 2, the oxidation biochemical tank 3, the rot tank 17, the rot tank 18 and the water storage tank 26 are all made of concrete, and they are all cuboid tanks, and they are all buried underground. The septic tank 17 , septic tank 18 , flocculation tank 1 , sedimentation filter tank 2 , oxidation biochemical tank 3 and water storage tank 26 have covers 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 and 33 on their upper surfaces, respectively. The upper part of one side of the septic tank 17 has a sewage inlet 19, and the septic tank 17 and the septic tank 18 are communicated with the septic tank 18 through the connecting pipe 20 at the upper part of the two adjacent sides of the septic tank 17 and the septic tank 18, and the septic tank 18 is connected to the flocculation tank. The upper part of two adjacent sides of 1 connects the septic tank 18 and the flocculation tank 1 through the communication pipe 21 . The lower parts of the two adjacent sides of the flocculation tank 1 and the sedimentation filter tank 2 communicate with the flocculation tank 1 and the sedimentation filter tank 2 through the communication port 34, and the upper parts of the two adjacent sides of the sedimentation filter tank 2 and the oxidation biochemical tank 3 pass through The communication pipe 9 communicates the precipitation filter tank 2 with the oxidation biochemical tank 3 . The water outlet 10 of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 communicates with the water storage tank 26 . One corner of the septic tank 18 has a longitudinally placed partition 22 , which separates the septic tank 18 longitudinally into a chamber 23 and a chamber 24 . The upper part of the chamber 23 communicates with the upper part of the septic tank 17 through the communication pipe 20 , and the upper part of the chamber 24 communicates with the upper part of the flocculation tank 1 through the communication pipe 21 . The lower part of the isolation plate 22 communicates with the chamber 23 and the chamber 24 through a communication port, and a filter screen 25 is installed at the communication port. The upper surface of the flocculation tank 1 is provided with a dosing pipe 4 and an air-filling pipe 16, the outer end of the dosing pipe 4 communicates with a pump for adding medicine, and the outer end of the air-filling pipe 16 communicates with an air compressor. The middle part of the sedimentation filter tank 2 has a filter plate 5, which has some holes that can be passed by sewage, and a filter screen 15 is installed on these holes. There is a filter layer 6 above the filter plate 5, and the filter layer 6 is composed of crushed stones. Four horizontal partitions 7 are installed in the oxidation biochemical tank 3, and the four horizontal partitions 7 are distributed up and down in the oxidation biochemical tank 3 and are parallel to each other. There are several water passages 8 on each horizontal partition 7, and the water passages 8 are formed by several vertical partitions 13 spaced apart from each other. The vertical partitions 13 are all fixed on the horizontal partitions 7, and the vertical partitions 13 on the same horizontal partition 7 are parallel to each other and are all perpendicular to the horizontal partitions 7, so that the water channel 8 is a straight groove. A ventilation pipe 14 is installed on the upper surface of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 . The water channel 8 communicates with the atmosphere through the vent pipe 14 . The bottom of the water channel 8 has a filter layer 11 made of gravel. The inlet 9 (i.e. connecting pipe 9) of the oxidation biochemical tank 3 is aligned with the first water passage 8 on the top horizontal partition 7, and the last water passage 8 on the lowermost horizontal partition 7 is connected with the oxidation biochemical tank. The outlet 10 of 3 is connected. The beginning of the first water channel 8 on each horizontal dividing plate 7 in the middle is all aligned with the outlet 12 at the end of the last water channel 8 on the adjacent upper horizontal dividing plate 7, and the end of the last water channel 8 All align with the beginning of the first water channel 8 on the adjacent next horizontal dividing plate 7. A water suction pipe 27 is installed in the water storage tank 26, and the upper end of the water suction pipe 27 communicates with the water pump.

Example 2:

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 , this embodiment is a circular sewage treatment equipment, which consists of a septic tank 17 , a septic tank 18 , a flocculation tank 1 , a sedimentation filter tank 2 and an oxidation biochemical tank 3 . The flocculation tank 1, the sedimentation filter tank 2, the oxidation biochemical tank 3, the decay tank 17, the decay tank 18 and the water storage tank 26 are all made of concrete, and they are all cylindrical tanks, and are all buried underground. The sedimentation filter tank 2 is set in the flocculation tank 1 , and the space between the cylindrical side wall of the sedimentation filter tank 2 and the cylindrical side wall of the flocculation tank 1 constitutes the inner cavity of the flocculation tank 1 . There are covers 28, 29, 31 and 32 on the upper surfaces of the septic tank 17, the septic tank 18, the sedimentation filter tank 2 and the oxidation biochemical tank 3, respectively. The lower part of the sedimentation filter tank 2 communicates with the flocculation tank 1, and a filter screen 36 is installed at the communication part. In this embodiment, except that the corrosion tank 17, the corrosion tank 18, the flocculation tank 1, the sedimentation filter tank 2, and the oxidation biochemical tank 3 are cylindrical tanks, there is no isolation plate 22 in the corrosion tank 18, and the sedimentation filter tank 2 is set in the flocculation tank 1. Except that there is no water storage tank 26 etc. in neutralization, other parts are basically the same as in Embodiment 1 except that it is different from Embodiment 1.

When the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are in use, domestic sewage enters into the septic tank 17 through the sewage inlet 19 . In the septic tank 17, the organic matter in the sewage is fermented under the metabolism of microorganisms, and undergoes aerobic degradation, which is an oxidation process. The sewage that has been oxidized and decomposed in the septic tank 17 enters the septic tank 18 through the connecting pipe 20 . In the septic tank 18, under the action of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia (NH ₃ ) is oxidized into nitrite and nitrate substances, and this process is the nitrification stage. The sewage treated by the septic tank enters the flocculation tank 1 through the connecting pipe 21 . Pump 5% ferric chloride concentrated solution into the flocculation tank 1 through the dosing pipe 4, and at the same time fill the flocculation tank 1 with high-pressure air through the inflation tube 16 to "stir" the sewage, so that the semi-soluble water in the sewage Colloidal substances are flocculated, forcing their molecules to form particles and precipitate to the bottom of the tank, and then decompose in anoxic conditions, and undergo acidic fermentation under the action of anaerobic bacteria to generate carbon dioxide and methane. The combination of ferric chloride and hydrogen sulfide can precipitate sulfur and sink to the bottom of the tank, and the toxic hydrogen sulfide can disappear. The filter screen 25 and the filter screen 36 can block larger organic particles and other sundries. The sewage flocculated by the flocculation tank 1 enters the sedimentation filter tank 2 through the communication port 34 . In the sedimentation filter tank 2, the sewage is filtered through the filter screen 15 and the filter layer 6, and the flocculation particles filtered on the lower surface of the filter screen 15 settle to the bottom of the irrigation under the action of their own weight and continue to decompose. In the gap between filter screen 15 and filter layer 6, "biofilm" is formed very quickly, and "biofilm" can play a filtering role and can play a biochemical role again. The suspended solids in the sewage treated by the sedimentation filter tank 2 are greatly reduced, and the turbidity is reduced. The sewage treated by the sedimentation filter tank enters the oxidation biochemical tank 3 through the connecting pipe 9 . In the oxidation biochemical tank 3, a "biofilm" is quickly formed in the gap of the filter layer 11, and the "biofilm" performs biochemical treatment and filtration of the residual organic matter in the sewage, and the residual organic matter is biochemically carried out in this large-area biochemical layer. degradation. Simultaneously, because the vent pipe 14 feeds air into the water channel 8, sufficient oxygen further oxidizes the organic matter in the sewage (wet combustion), and the water discharged into the water storage tank 26 through the outlet 10 is clean and tasteless, reaching the first-level discharge standard. Start the water pump and can draw the middle water in the water storage tank 26 through the water pipe 27 to reuse.

Claims (9)

1. Sewage treatment equipment, including a flocculation tank (1), a sedimentation filter tank (2) and an oxidation biochemical tank (3); it is characterized in that the flocculation tank (1) communicates with the lower part of the sedimentation filter tank (2), and the sedimentation filter tank The top of (2) communicates with the top of the oxidation biochemical tank (3); the middle part of the sedimentation filter tank (2) has a filter plate (5), and the top of the filter plate (5) has a filter layer (6); the oxidation biochemical tank (3) ) has a horizontal clapboard (7), on the horizontal clapboard (7) there are several water passages (8), the inlet (9) of the oxidation biochemical tank (3) is aligned with the first water passage (8), and the adjacent Two water passages (8) are connected end to end, and the last water passage (8) communicates with the outlet (10) of the oxidation biochemical tank (3); the bottom of the water passage (8) has a filter layer (11), and the water passage (8) ) together with the atmosphere. 2. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal clapboard (7) in the oxidation biochemical tank (3) is divided into several pieces, they are distributed up and down in the oxidation biochemical tank (3), and mutually Parallel; the inlet (9) of the oxidation biochemical tank (3) is aligned with the first water passage (8) on the top horizontal partition (7), and the last water passage (8) on the bottom horizontal partition (7) Passage (8) communicates with the outlet (10) of oxidation biochemical tank (3); The outlet (12) at the end of the last water passage (8) on the plate (7), the end of the last water passage (8) is all aligned with the first water outlet on the adjacent next horizontal dividing plate (7). The beginning of the channel (8). 3. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water channel (8) on the horizontal partition (7) is formed by a number of vertical partitions (13) spaced apart from each other, and the vertical partitions (13 ) is fixed on the horizontal partition (7); the vertical partitions (13) are parallel to each other and are all perpendicular to the horizontal partition (7), so that the water channel (8) is in the shape of a straight groove; the water channel (8) passes through the vent pipe ( 14) Communication with the atmosphere. 4. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filter plate (5) of the sedimentation filter tank (2) has a filter net (15), and the filter layer (6) is composed of crushed stones. 5. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the filter layer (11) at the bottom of the water channel (8) is composed of gravel. 6. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flocculation tank (1) has a dosing tube (4) and an air filling tube (16). 7. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that: it also includes a septic tank (17) and a septic tank (18); the top of the septic tank (17) has a sewage Inlet (19), the upper part of the septic tank (17) communicates with the upper part of the septic tank (18) through the communication pipe (20), and the upper part of the septic tank (18) communicates with the upper part of the flocculation tank (1) through the communication pipe (21) . 8. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the septic tank (18) has a longitudinally placed isolation plate (22), and the isolation plate (22) longitudinally isolates the septic tank (18) into a chamber ( 23) and the chamber (24); the top of the chamber (23) communicates with the top of the septic tank (17) through the connecting pipe (20), and the top of the chamber (24) communicates with the flocculation tank (1) through the connecting pipe (21) ) is communicated at the top; the bottom of the separation plate (22) communicates the chamber (23) with the chamber (24) through the communication port, and a filter screen (25) is installed at the communication port. 9. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 7, is characterized in that: also comprise water storage tank (26); The outlet (10) of oxidation biochemical tank (3) is communicated with water storage tank (26), and water storage tank ( 26) has a suction pipe (27) in it.

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