CN2459446Y - Four-stroke engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A four-stroke engine includes an engine block including a block portion defining at least one cylinder or crankcase, a piston disposed in the cylinder, a crankshaft and a connecting rod disposed in the crankcase and connected to the piston, the crankcase including an intake port and an exhaust port, and a conduit connecting the exhaust port to an intake passage of the front lead portion, the intake port being connected to a supply tank containing a combustible mixture of fuel, lubricating oil and air, the mixture flowing through the crankcase, the conduit, and the intake passage when the engine is operating. The utility model discloses do not need to establish lubricating system in addition, simple structure.

Description

Four stroke engine

The relevant a kind of explosive motor of the utility model system is meant a kind of quartastroke engine that is applicable to portability (light) instrument especially.

Relatively, small-sized explosive motor widely known to and be widely used in power tool, as chain saw, blower, shear tool etc., in case these instruments are carried naturally by people and use, these motors must have work in light weight, and can operate advantages such as (as oblique or upright) under different orientation.

With present, in order to reach such purpose, most motor all is that the two-stroke ventilation type is started, because with regard to the ratio of weight and size, this engine has good power, does not have complicated structure, and all can start in any position or orientation, it is because this starts right with diaphragm type (diaphragm-type) vaporizer that the latter sets up, and the lubrication of motor is finished (generally be typically fuel and oil be 40: 1 mixture) to add lubricant oil to fuel.

When two stroke engine turns round by this way, they have some shortcomings, the height that the speed of its fuel consumption is relative, and its operation noise value is also very high, the discharge value that very important shortcoming is this kind motor is quite high, because comprise in its combustion gas quite in a large number without the fuel that use.The California, USA government decree will form the discharge capacity of effectively stipulating limiting carbon hydrogen compound and carbon monoxide in the recent period, most of or all two stroke engines in using at present can't reach the California specified standard, can expectedly be that those standards also will be adopted by other state or country.

Certainly, quartastroke engine also already widely known to, and it discharges less hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide waste gas compared to two stroke engine by and large, this is true, because quartastroke engine exchanges this discharge gas and fuel/air mixture in air valve-a kind of comparatively directly mode, in addition, quartastroke engine also has lower level of noise.

Relatively the small-size four-stroke ic machine can be utilized and be used on the common mechanical, as model or small aircraft.Though suitable little of this motor and be applicable to and also can't meet the requirements the portable instrument is because their relative very complexity and inefficiencys.The general all crankcases in this engine bottom of four-stroke engine are provided with a fuel tank, so that oil is transported to moving element, and for example this top valve (overhead valves) and this valve movable device, the lubrication system of form and be not suitable for all position uses like this.

In addition, No. 5176116 case of U. S. Patent (on January 5th, 1993), and No. 5213074 case of U. S. Patent (on May 25th, 1993) narration one is applicable to the lubrication system of four-stroke engine, wherein, a part of element of this engine is lubricated with the lubricant oil in the vaporizer, and another element is to be arranged at the oil lubrication on the moving element.Very hot when engine its element when using, whether lubricant oil can provide the lubrication effect of enough demands, is suspectable.Under any circumstance, in the machine that uses in farm or garden, whether its lubricant oil can be satisfactory under long-term use, be still suspicious because this lubricant oil will exhausting of periodicity thing and need refill.This mode will be infeasible in the use of engine, as the home gardening instrument.

No. 5241932 case of U. S. Patent case (on September 7th, 1993), and No. 5267536 case of U. S. Patent case (on December 7th, 1993), narrate an engine and be comparable to the engine that the U. S. Patent case is narrated for No. 5213047 substantially, two patents are all narrated a lubrication system that is applicable to four-stroke engine, it is contained in the fuel tank of crankcase and the lubricant oil of sprinkler, No. 5241932 case of U. S. Patent case emphasized also that this " has been full of the oily vapour (mist ladened air) of air " and passes through this pilot valve pipe (valve guide tube) by vaporizer and moved to and cover valve, lubricate air valve and rocking arm.

No. 4708107 case of U. S. Patent (on November 24th, 1987), describe a four-stroke engine and include a crankcase compression set, one vaporizer provides one " the flammable fluid that operates; as air and gas and oil mixture " to this crankcase, and this mixture is carried via one " plenum space or aqua storage tank " through pump, injects a cylinder suction valve via a throttle valve.The camshaft and the cam follower that are used for controlling respectively suction valve and expulsion valve are to be arranged at this plenum space.

The purpose of this utility model is the lubrication system complexity that exists at existing quartastroke engine, cause the internal-combustion engine complex structure, and the problem of lubrication effect difference, a kind of additional lubrication system that do not need is provided, the running element of motor is lubricated by fuel-oil-air mixture, and does not need the quartastroke engine of extra pressurized machine.

The quartastroke engine that the flammable mixtures of being formed with gas, fuel and lubricant oil described in the utility model turns round, it includes:

(a) an engine shell body structure its include the formed cylinder of conductor part and crankcase before a cylinder part and one;

(b) bent axle rotatably is arranged on this crankcase, and a piston that can move back and forth back and forth is arranged on this cylinder, and a connecting rod connects this piston and this bent axle, this cylinder, and this preceding conductor, and this piston is to form a firing chamber;

(c) this motor further includes a suction valve, an outlet valve and an air valve movement means, and this movement means and this piston synchronous operation, and open this suction valve when the aspirating stroke of this piston are opened this outlet valve when the exhaust stroke of this piston;

(d) vaporizer, the flammable mixtures of igniting and forming by gas, fuel and oil gas;

(e) conduit connects this crankcase and this suction valve; And

(f) this vaporizer, this crankcase, this conduit and this suction valve form the passage that flows, and this mixture flow to the firing chamber by this vaporizer, this bent axle, and this connecting rod, and be arranged at this launch device of this flow channel, and this launch device is by this oil-air lubrication.

This quartastroke engine further comprises one first one-way valve, and it makes this mixture flow to this crankcase between between this vaporizer and this crankcase.

This quartastroke engine further comprises one second one-way valve, and it just must only flow to conduit by this mixture between between this crankcase and this conduit.

In this quartastroke engine, this first, second one-way valve and this movement means all are arranged on this cylinder part.

In this quartastroke engine, this preceding conductor part wherein is provided with a groove, and this flow channel comprises this groove, and this air inlet and outlet valve, and this movement means all is arranged on this groove.

This four is burst in journey internal-combustion engine, and this vaporizer is a full positioning form, and then relative small of this internal-combustion engine, in light weight and portability.

In this quartastroke engine, this pipeline forms a compensator.

This movement means comprises that a camshaft can be rotatably set in this crankcase in this quartastroke engine, and comprises that further most gears connect this camshaft and this bent axle.

In this quartastroke engine, this movement means comprises that a camshaft can be rotatably set in this preceding conductor part, and comprises that further a conveyor belt connects this camshaft and this crankcase.

In this quartastroke engine, a side of this pipeline is formed by this cylinder part, and another side is formed by a covering, and this valve gap is lashed this cylinder part in this another side.

In this quartastroke engine, this pipeline is a U type structure, and with this cylinder part at interval.

This quartastroke engine further comprises one second engine structure, and one is connected in second piston of this bent axle, second air inlet and outlet valve and air valve launch device, this gas and oil device, this crankcase, and this pipeline to be all this engine with two institute shared.

In this quartastroke engine, this first one-way valve comprises a port (port), and this port is arranged on this cylindrical body, the outer edge of this piston, and this port is opened or closed in this outer edge.

In this quartastroke engine, this one-way valve comprises a port, and this port is arranged on this engine structure, and this engine structure is between this vaporizer and this crankcase, and a way flow is regulated in this port and with air valve.

The four stroke engine of one most cylinders is fueled by a flammable mixtures that comprises fuel, oil and gas, and this motor includes:

(a) an engine cylinder body structure forms a crankcase and first and second cylinders;

(b) first and second piston is arranged on this first and second cylinder that can move back and forth in a kind of mode that moves back and forth, and form first and second firing chamber with this cylinder body, the volume that this first and second piston is used this crankcase move simultaneously towards or away from this crankcase, this volume alternately increases or reduces along with this this piston that moves back and forth.

(c) this structure further forms first and second and is adjacent to this first and second firing chamber around valve, and this motor further comprises first and second air valve device, and individually be arranged at this first and second around valve;

(d) individual other air valve device all includes a fuel air valve, a fuel vent valve and an air valve movement means;

(e) this structure comprises that further at least one suction port leads to this crankcase, and at least one relief opening leads out this crankcase, and this at least one suction port connects and receives this mixture; And

(f) the passage purpose is to connect this at least one exhaust port this first and second around valve and this fuel air valve, and this mixture flow is through this crankcase and should center on valve, and lubricated this motor machinery wherein.

Described quartastroke engine further comprises one first one-way valve in this suction port, permits this fluid and enters this crankcase.

Described quartastroke engine, wherein this channeling is forming a compensator.

Described quartastroke engine further comprises one second one-way valve in this relief opening, permits this liquid and flows out this crankcase.

Described quartastroke engine, wherein the crankcase of this motor further comprises a bent axle, and this bent axle rotatably is arranged at this casing mechanism, this first and second piston is connected in this bent axle, this motor forms an open cycle with this two bent axle around rotation, and this piston replaces around rotation in the mode of power stroke.

Described quartastroke engine, wherein this cylinder be arranged at the rotation of relative position and this piston towards and away from both.

Described quartastroke engine, wherein this crankcase and this all are designed to liberal quantity is centered around this internal-combustion engine part to flow mixture around valve, use lubricated this internal-combustion engine part.

Described quartastroke engine, wherein this conduit is a U type structure, and tail end connects this crankcase and should be around a valve and a centerbody, it is this casing mechanism separately and at interval.

Compare with existing quartastroke engine, the novel advantage of this reality is that its running element is lubricated by fuel-lubricant oil-AIR MIXTURES, and do not need extra lubrication system, and this mixture does not need extra pressurized machine to come supercharging, simultaneously, used fuel mixture matter, but effluent is relatively clean as far as possible.

Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D is the synoptic diagram of four operative strokes of the utility model preferred embodiment;

Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D system is similar in appearance to Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D, is the synoptic diagram of second preferred embodiment of four operative strokes of the utility model;

Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 B system is the constitutional diagram of the utility model the 3rd preferred embodiment similar in appearance to Fig. 1 C to Fig. 1 D:

Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 B is the constitutional diagram of the utility model the 3rd preferred embodiment similar in appearance to Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 B;

Fig. 5 A is the engine construction figure of the utility model preferred embodiment;

Fig. 5 B is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of Fig. 5 A motor;

Fig. 6 A is the part engine sectional drawing that the utility model is done another preferred embodiment;

Fig. 6 B to Fig. 6 C is the phantom of another preferred embodiment of the utility model Fig. 6 A.

Among the figure,

110 motors, 111 cylinder parts

Conductor before 112 crankcases 113

114 cylinders, 115 inner rooms

116 pistons, 117 bent axles

118 connecting rods, 119 suction valves

120 outlet valves 122 cover valve

123 conduits, 124 spark plugs

125 point of contact, 126 firing chambers

127 accumulator tanks, 128 suction ports

129 vaporizers, 130 limiting valves

132 conduits, 136 surrounding areas

210 motors, 216 pistons

217 bent axles, 219 suction valves

222 cover valve 230 limiting valves

232 conduits, 240 storage areas

241 limiting valves, 310 motors

311a cylinder 311b cylinder

312 crankcases, 315 inner rooms

316a piston 316b piston

317 crank rod 318a connecting rods

318b connecting rod 319a suction valve

319b suction valve 322a covers valve

322b covers valve 330 limiting valves

331a relief opening 331b relief opening

332a conduit 332b conduit

410 motor 411a cylinders

411b cylinder 415 inner rooms

416a piston 416b piston

430 limiting valve 432a conduits

440 storage areas, 510 crankcases

511 cylinder parts, 512 crankcases

Conductor 514 cylinders before 513

515 inner rooms, 516 connecting rods

517 crankcases, 518 connecting rods

519 suction valves 522 cover valve

524 spark plugs, 526 firing chambers

527 accumulator tanks, 528 suction ports

529 vaporizers, 531 relief openings

532 conduits, 536 surrounding areas

540 radiating fin, 541 crank arms

542 balance port, 543 stemmings

544 barriers, 547 valve rods

548 valves are led 549 valve springs

551 Rocker arm 5s, 52 balance staffs

553 cam valves, 554 camshafts

558 positive motion belts, 559 bearings

561 nuts, 562 runners

564 sprocket gears, 566 outer rims

567 pipes, 568 pillars

569 pocket calm keeping devices, 571 pipes

572 passages, 573 ports

574 bafflers, 576 compounds

610 motors, 611 cylinder parts

Conductor before 612 crankcases 613

614 cylinders, 615 inner rooms

616 pistons, 617 crank rods

618 connecting rods, 624 spark plugs

627 accumulator tanks, 628 suction ports

629 vaporizers, 640 radiating fin

680 beads, 681 throttle valve

683 compensators, 684 sides

686 cover 687 ports

689 parts, 691 ports

692 outlet valves, 693 grooves

694 launch device, 696 protruding axostylus axostyles

697 protruding axle 698 catch bars

699 bars, 700 bearings

701 pressure springs, 702 beads

703 cartridge clips, 706 outlet valves

707 exhausts, 708 passages

709 bafflers

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D is the diagram of four-stroke overhead-valve I. C. engine 110 of the present utility model, and wherein Figure 1A is a compression stroke, and Figure 1B is for expanding or power stroke, and Fig. 1 C is an exhaust stroke, and Fig. 1 D is an aspirating stroke.This motor comprises a housing, and it comprises a cylinder part 111, one crankcase parts 112, and conductor part 113 before, and this cylinder body 111 forms a cylinder 114 and a piston 116, and the ground that this piston 116 can move back and forth is arranged at this cylinder 114.One bent axle 117 rotatably is arranged at these cylinder body 111, one connecting rods 118 and connects this piston 116 and this bent axle 117.One suction valve 119 is arranged at this preceding conductor 113 with outlet valve 120, and both are coated by a valve gap 122 its.One exhaust manifolds 123 are surrounded on this outlet valve 120, and transmit and discharge gas from these cylinder 114 to one baffler (not shown).One spark plug 124 also is arranged at this preceding conductor 113, and its point of contact 125 extended spots are a firing chamber 126, and this firing chamber 126 is between the top of this piston 116, the abutment wall of this cylinder 114, and between this preceding conductor 113.

One fuel inlet 128 is arranged at the abutment wall of this crankcase 112, when engine operation, receives the flammable mixtures that reference number shows by a vaporizer 129.This vaporizer 129 is one to be applicable to comprehensive type, as the diaphragm type vaporizer.Unidirectional or limiting valve 130 is arranged at the dual-side of this fuel inlet 128, allow this mixture can only be by this vaporizer 129 with folk prescription to the inner room 115 that flows into this crankshaft room 112.The feeding zone of this vaporizer 129 is connected in one and contains 40: 1 the gasoline and the supply groove 127 of the mixture of oil, this oil is the oil that is generally used in small two stroke engines, this gas and oil and mixed oil further are mixed with air in this vaporizer 129, flow to the flammable mixtures of the inner room 115 of this crankcase to form one by this vaporizer 129.

Also comprise an exhaust port 131 in this crankcase 112, one end of this conduit 132 is connected in the exhaust port 131 of this crankcase 112, its the other end 134 connects this conductor 113 and these valve gap 122 formed surrounding areas 136, and these conduit 132 these mixtures of transmission comprise the surrounding area 136 of this valve gap 122 by the inner room 115 of this crankcase 112 to this.Valve operation or motion are contained in equally in this motion machine but do not show in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D, it is arranged in the mobile route of this mixture, and make that this mechanism is lubricated, also can comprise a cam lever or catch bar as this air valve and this valve engine structure that is comprised wherein in all scopes, start the rocking arm of being responsible for this valve of operation, this cam lever and this catch bar be arranged at this inner room 115 with (or) this conduit 132, and this rocking arm is arranged at this surrounding area 136.In addition, a positive motion belt may be arranged at this crank rod 117 and one and be arranged between the motion of this surrounding area 136, shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B.Another structure is still arranged in shown in Figure 6, wherein, this cam lever, catch bar, and air valve all is arranged at the inner room that this block portion branch forms, and connect this crankcase with fluid, the valve of this starter and valve movement means such as Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D, Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 B, and can be the drive manner of aforesaid form shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 B according to motor, for closing, and this piston 116 moves towards this preceding conductor part, uses the mixture in this firing chamber 126 of compression in this two air valve 119 of this compression stroke (shown in Figure 1A) and 120.When this piston 116 upwards promotes, increase the internal space or the volume of this crankcase 112 and these piston 116 inboard formed inner rooms 115, use that mixture is imported this vaporizer 129 by this fuel inlet 128, this limiting valve 130 is opened (shown in Figure 1A) in the nature of things makes fluid enter.End near this compression stroke is provided with a spark plug 124, it rises to fight lights mixture in this firing chamber 126, use and start this piston 116 and move towards the below, it reduces the volume of the inner room 115 of this crankcase 112, this process closes 130 and compress this inner room 115, the flammable mixtures in conduit 132 and this surrounding area 136.

End of a period (shown in Figure 1B) in this power stroke, this piston 116 is in upwards promoting (shown in Fig. 1 C) in this exhaust stroke once more, and in opening this outlet valve 120 with this valve motion of time, cylinder is discharged gas by aforesaid power stroke, and this power stroke promotes this gas by this firing chamber 126 by the piston 116 that upwards promotes and discharged by outlet valve 120 and this exhaust manifolds 123 of this unlatching.

End of a period in this exhaust stroke, this piston 116 moves down (shown in Fig. 1 D) once more in this fuel-feed stroke, by the effect of valve motion, this outlet valve 120 for close and this suction valve 119 for opening, the process that this piston 116 falls sucks this firing chamber 126 with this mixture, and promotes this mixture via the suction valve of opening 119 and enter this firing chamber 126.This suction valve 119 at the end cuts out in the feed stroke of this piston 116, and this piston 116 upwards promotes (shown in Figure 1A) once more in beginning in the next compression stroke, and uses the running circulation of finishing this starter.

By visible this flammable mixtures of above-mentioned program by this vaporizer 129 flow through this crankcase 112 and this valve gap 122, and this mixture contacts all elements that need lubricate, and this mixture continues to be replenished and the inner room 115 of this crankcase of flowing through and this valve gap 122 forms oily vapour and this crankcase when this feeding valve inner room 115 and this valve gap 122 are the route of fluid warp.This surrounding area 136 is around this air valve and this air valve movement means, and the oily vapour that this crankcase comprises certain mass lubricates its structure.Part oil falls in this motion and attached to it with aqueous vapor shape Shen, and using provides this mechanism lubricated continuously.

Shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D, this motor 210 is substantially similar in appearance to the motor shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D, and has the element that identical reference number is adopted to meet, and the numerical value that removes Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D is 200 series and Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D is 100 series.

Shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D, this motor 210 comprises a conduit 232, and it connects this crankcase 212 and this valve gap 222, and this conduit 232 comprises an enlarged 240, so this conduit 232 forms a storage area or a compensator.This motor 210 further comprises a unidirectional or limiting valve 241, it is arranged at the dual-side of the outlet 231 of crankcase 212, as shown in the figure, this air valve 241 allow these flammable mixtures only with single direction by the inner room 115 of this crankcase to this storage area 240.

These motor 210 runnings are similar in appearance to aforesaid motor, except the volume ratio of the mixture that places this storage area 240 places the volume of the mixture of conduit 132 to have higher pressure, this is true, because with reference to figure 2A to Fig. 2 B, when this piston 216 upwards promotes in compression stroke, this mixture imports the inner room 115 of this crankcase by this vaporizer, and this limiting valve 241 is for cutting out.Shown in Fig. 2 B, in this power stroke, this piston 216 moves down, and this feeding valve 230 is for cutting out, and this piston brute force forces this mixture to enter this storage area 240 successively, and compresses it.In this mixture in the discharge stroke in this storage area 240 by this airtight air valve 219 and 241 push (shown in Fig. 2 C), and (shown in Fig. 2 D) extra mixture is driven by pump and enters this space and this air valve 219 is opened in the consequential exhaust stroke of the next one.In aspirating stroke at the end, pressure in the space increases, and it be inner room 115 volumes of this crankcase, and the volume of this storage area 240 reach the function of the displacement of this piston, and for instance, it can be greater than the about 8%-15% of ambient pressure.The pressure of this lifting or supercharging promote the stereometry efficient of this motor really, and make this motor produce than alternate manner Thomas's power more with certain size.

In addition, the pressure of this increase produces a dense or more concentrated mixture, causes lubricating fluid to flow through or flows through the increase of the amount of this mechanism, therefore improves this lubricating efficiency.

Shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 B, one motor 310 has a countercylinder, but different be its building mode similar in appearance to the motor shown in this Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D, this two cylinder all comprises a piston that can move with the time repetitiousness, it shifts to the direction of this crankcase simultaneously, or this cylinder precursor.In existing specific example, a countercylinder shows already, though other more countercylinders also can be provided, when the cylinder of mentioning and describe opposed arrangement, for instance, this cylinder also can be and is arranged in parallel or arranges with V-shape.This motor 310 comprises a crankcase 312, it is provided with one and is limited the material feeding mouth 328 that valve covers, this material feeding mouth 328 links the inner room 315 and a vaporizer 329 of this crankcase, and this crankcase further comprises two exhaust port 331a and 331b, and it connects two conduit 332a and 332b respectively.This motor further comprises two opposed cylinder 311a and 311b and two-piston 316a and 316b, it is arranged at this cylinder can come back and forth to cover mobile mode, this two-piston is connected this crank rod 317 with connecting rod 318a with 318b, this Placement makes this two-piston can shift to each other simultaneously in the circulation running of this motion machine, and separates towards each other simultaneously.Yet the ignition order of this piston is opposite, this piston 316a outwards moves (as shown in Figure 3A) when exhaust stroke, this piston 316 outwards moves (shown in Fig. 3 B) when compression stroke, and this piston 316a moves inward (shown in Fig. 3 C) when aspirating stroke, and another piston then moves inward when power or expansion stroke.Each cylinder further comprises a suction valve and an outlet valve, one air valve engine structure (not shown), as wherein a kind of form of being discussed before this, and a spark plug is arranged at the preceding conductor part of this motor body, and the construction of these elements and function mode are just like the motor shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D.As shown in Figure 3, the piston that outwards moves with the time makes this mixture import the inner room 315 of this crankcase by this vaporizer, and flow through this a conduit 332a and a 332b conduit wherein, and this an air valve 319a and a 319b air valve wherein.

As described in Fig. 4 A and 4B, a motor 410 has two opposed cylinder 411a and 411b, and two-piston 416a and 416b, with in this motor 310.This motor 410 further comprises a storage area 440, and be same as this two cylinder one the outlet limiting valve 441, and the inner room 415 by this crankcase is supplied with this mixture to this two conduits 432a and 432b, thus, this motor 310 is similar to 410 running, higher except its pressure that in feed conduit (shown in Fig. 2 A, linking), is increased with this motor, this motor greater efficiency is provided.The pressure that is increased in this storage area 440 will be higher than this storage area 240, because its total volume is pumped with the two-piston brute force, will be its twice that once turns round and can provide of cylinder (firing chamber) that a volume is filled.Shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, to be higher than it at its aspirating stroke of the two cylinder engines pressure at the end that does not have storage area (or a compensator) and be the 16%-25% of ambient pressure, and can more be higher than its ambient pressure 21%-45% (shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B) in a motor with storage area.

Shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, another motor 510, according to principle of the present utility model, and reuse be same as use at the referential data of Figure 1A to Fig. 1 D in identical structure, but be 500 series.As Fig. 5 B is a specific reference, and the cylinder body of its motor comprises a cylinder part 511, one crankcases 512 and a leading part 513, and this leading part 513 also forms a valve gap 522.In this specific example, this motor is a ventilation type, and radiating fin 540 is formed at the periphery of this cylinder part 511 and this leading part 513.

One piston 516 is arranged at this cylinder 514 in the mode that can move back and forth, and this cylinder is linked to this crankcase 517 with a connecting rod 518 in the usual course, one crank arm 541 is arranged at this crankcase 517, and connects this connecting rod 518, and this crank arm 541 comprises a balance port 542.Shown in Fig. 5 B, the inner room 515 of this crankcase 512 is relative little, and this crankshaft handle 517 and this crank arm by its next-door neighbour limit, this is possible, because this crankcase 512 does not need to become the oil storage tank of lubricant oil, this cylinder part 511 is close to each other with this crankcase 512, and forms this inner room 515, and except its required suction port 528 and relief opening 531 thereof, this inner room 515 is a confined space.

One firing chamber 526 is formed at the top of this piston 516, the abutment wall of this cylinder 514, and the inside of this preceding conductor part 513, one stemming 543 between this cylinder part 511 and should before between the conductor part 513, and tightly stick at it between the two, the inside of conductor part 513 is provided with the upper end (shown in Fig. 5 B) that a barrier 544 crosses this cylinder 514 before being somebody's turn to do, though this starts function to have other different orientation), this barrier 544 forms a suction port, the opening of a relief opening (not shown) and a spark plug 524.In the usual course, in four stroke engine, its be respectively equipped with a suction valve 519 and an outlet valve (not shown) in individual other opening to open or to close, individual other air valve comprises a valve rod 547 respectively, it is arranged at a valve guiding element 548, one valve springs 549 in mode slidably and drives these air valves and upwards promote to close this zone.

This motor further comprises a valve events or movement means, it comprises a Rocker arm 5 51, and with this Rocker arm 5 51 for pivotally being arranged at this balance staff 552, one end of each Rocker arm 5 51 is matched with the outer end of an air valve respectively, and the other end is equipped with the cam valve 553 that firmly is arranged at this camshaft 554 in.This device forms a built on stilts valve, built on stilts cam gear, and it is contained in the formed surrounding area 536 of front end of this valve gap 522.

Shown in Fig. 5 A, the one positive motion belt 558 that is provided with gear is that this camshaft 554 rotations are provided, and drive with a driving sprocket wheel (figure does not show) that is arranged on crank rod 517, this crank rod 517 is supported in this cylinder part 511 and this crankcase 512 (as Fig. 5 B) with at least one bearing 559.Shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, motor in certain embodiments, the two ends of its camshaft 554 all extend outside this block portion branch, its be not shown in end among the figure by plastotype to link instrument and driving be provided, and another end, (shown in Fig. 5 A) then is close in the nut 561 that is arranged at a runner 562, to form a flywheel, reach a fan.Radiating fin or turbine leaf 563 are arranged on this runner 562, and cause this cool air around this radiating fin 540.Above-mentioned driving sprocket wheel is also driven by this crank rod 517, and can form the part of this runner 562, and this positive motion belt 558 also matches with a driving sprocket wheel 564, and it firmly is arranged at an end of this cam lever 554.The radius of this sprocket wheel circles so that the radius of these crank rod 517 runnings two weeks (operation cycle) for these camshaft 554 fortune.This camshaft 554 supports its rotation with the bearing (figure does not show) that is arranged at this preceding conductor part 513.The bearing that supports this camshaft and this crank rod all can reach lubricated purpose by this surrounding area 536 and this inner room 515, thereafter detailed descriptionthe more.

As previously mentioned, this cylinder part 511 forms a material feeding mouth 528 and a relief opening 531, and this suction port 528 is in the side of this cylinder 514, and this piston 516 is in upper dead center position, shown in Fig. 5 B when this material feeding mouth is opened.When this piston 516 moves to lower dead point position (figure do not show), the covering of the outside 566 summarys of this piston and close this material feeding mouth 528 twice in a running circulation.

This vaporizer 529 is connected in this suction port 528 with a pipe 567, this pipe 567 supports with a pillar 568 that is fixed in this cylinder part, the air entry port of this vaporizer 529 is connected in this air calm keeping device 569, and this material feeding mouth is linked to this fuel storage groove 527 with a pipe 571, this vaporizer 529 can be the diaphragm type of general custom, this fuel storage groove 527 and this air calm keeping device 569 also can be the form of general custom, one passage 572 connects the inner room 515 of these crankcases to this vaporizer 529, make with this charging under general fashion with this vaporizer of pump suction.

This relief opening 531 is connected in this conduit 532 with a pipe 533 and one one-way valve 541, and in the foregoing embodiments, this air valve 541 is a groove valve, and it allows this fluid with single direction inflow catheter 532.

This conduit 532 can plastic cement or soft material make, the one end is connected in this air valve 541, the other end is linked to this port 573 that is formed at this valve gap 522.This conduit 532 is generally U type pipe, and it extends fully and separates this cylinder part 511.Shown in Fig. 5 B, this port 573 is contacted directly the surrounding area 536 and the port valve that is somebody's turn to do preceding conductor part 513 of this covering valve for this suction valve 519.

For the port of getting in touch this preceding conductor part 513 of this exhaust port (Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B do not show) element structure similar in appearance to this motor 110,210,310 and 410, wherein it should be noted that the similar facts that this discharge conduit 123 will cut out from this surrounding area 536, therefore this effluent will can not enter this surrounding area 536, but flowing into a baffler 574 via this discharge conduit, both this valves of this suction valve and this outlet valve are led 548 and are all opened and make the mixture fluid of this air-gasoline-oil reach lubricated purpose in surrounding area 536 with this valve spring 549.

Function mode according to this motor 510, this operator injects a certain amount of fuel-mixed oil 576 40: 1 gasoline and the mixed oil of two stroke engine (as be generally used in) and enters this accumulator tank 527, this mixture injects this vaporizer 529 via this pipe 571, and this mixture has air to form a flammable mixtures, and the gasification of this gasoline and this oil form good aqueous vapor shape.

When this air valve is shifted to upper dead center position, the volume of the inner room 515 of this district's axle box increases, cause the pressure of this surrounding area 515 to descend, aforesaid position is shifted in this piston periphery 566, and this suction port 528 is opened, this mixture injects this inner room 515 by this vaporizer 529, and the pressure that this surrounding area 515 reduces makes this exhaust valve closure, this phenomenon all betide compression and discharge stroke.When this piston 516 is shifted to lower dead point position by upper dead center position, this suction port 528 is closed in the periphery of this piston, and the air valve that should move reduces the volume of the inner room 515 of this vaporizer, it causes the compressed mixture of this inner room 515 to open this air valve 541, and brute force impels this mixture to enter conduit 532, mixture in this power stroke in conduit in 532 is compressed, because this suction port 519 is for closing, and the mixture in this conduit 532 is compressed, because this suction port 519 is for closing, the pressure that increases in this conduit then is held or keeps, when this piston of same time upwards lifting once more that this groove valve cuts out.In feed stroke, this compressed mixture injects this cylinder, and its this unnecessary mixture is injected this conduit by this piston brute force, therefore, the activity compression of this vaporizer is considered as supercharging, and both be regarded as improving the power of its discharge in the motor of sizing one, this compression also increases the concentration of this mist of oil of coffee, and improves its lubrication effect.

As previously mentioned, one gasoline-oil-air mixture flow through inner room 515, this conduit 532 of this vaporizer, the surrounding area 536 of this valve gap 522, this mixture forms mist of oil in this inner room 515 and this surrounding area 536, and flow through and around and lubricated all elements that need lubricate.Since running each time comprises four-stroke, and this mixture only leaves this around district 536 in one-stroke (this advances the device stroke), this mist of oil is relatively stable in this inner room 515 and this surrounding area 536, this inner room 515 comprises an a large amount of mist of oil with this surrounding area 536, its around and be gathered in this moving element, therefore lubricated this element does not need sump or packing lubrication oil in this element.

The advantage of this motor 510 further includes big relatively conduit 532 inner volumes, its effect is equivalent to a storage area or compensator, the large volume of this conduit comes from this crooked U type conduit, this port 528 and this unlatching and the position of closing the piston 516 of this port also are favourable, because it avoids the needs of a separation safety check, its device allows a favourable storage area and the existence of this vaporizer, this point enters the inner room 515 of this district's axle box for the quite important any gas explosion formula gasoline of the motor that is applied to portable type instrument (as the chain tool) this piston of flowing through, and flows back to this firing chamber.

As described in Fig. 6 A and 6B and 6C, a motor is substantially similar in appearance to the motor of Fig. 5 A and 5B, but it comprises preceding conductor means inequality, air valve and valve movement means.

The cylinder body of this motor comprises a cylinder part 611, one crankcase or circular arc dish 612, and conductor part 613 before, in the present embodiment, should preceding conductor part be a L type (or thin plate), liner 643 be between this preceding conductor part and this cylinder part, and this preceding conductor part 613 all has ventilation type radiating fin 640 in its outside with these block 611 parts, this cylinder body 611 is connected with in one flange 680 is set, and the effect of its flange is to provide this motor to be located on the portable instrument.

One piston 616 is arranged at a cylinder 614, one connecting rod 618 connects this piston 616 and a crank rod 617, one balance port 642 1 is connected in this crank rod, and these elements are in 615 rotations of this crankcase inner room, and a spark plug 624 is arranged at the hole 625 of this preceding conductor 613.

This motor further comprises a common vaporizer 629, it is one to be suitable for comprehensive type, the diaphragm type vaporizer of diaphragm type as shown in Figure 6A, this vaporizer comprises the speed that an adjustable throttle valve 681 is controlled this motor, and it is via a normal air calm keeping device 669 receiver gasess, and the source that provides of one fuel oil-mixed oil (as mentioned above) is provided the fuel similar in appearance to this accumulator tank 527 (as gasoline) accumulator tank.

This vaporizer 629 forms one gasoline-fuel-lubricated flammable mixtures, and should oil be complete vaporific or droplet-shaped, as previously mentioned, this mixture flow is through this crankcase, one space chamber or compensator, enter the inner room of this fuel chambers, and lubricated efficiently all elements that need lubricate of this motor of this mixture.

This mixture is flowed into the inner room 615 of crankcase via a material feeding mouth 628 that is arranged at the cylinder side by this vaporizer 629, this suction port 628 is located at the lower position of this cylinder side, and except this cylinder 616 in upper dead center position, all covered by suction port 628, shown in Fig. 5 B by the periphery of this cylinder 616.This mixture is by the displacement of this piston and pump is taken out and compress, its inner room 682 of being located at this cylinder body of flowing through, enter a space chamber or compensator 683, one side 384 of its inner room 683 is formed by this cylinder body 611, one outer side is formed (shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B) by a covering 686 of being fixed in this cylinder body side, one port 687 and a safety check allow fluid by this inner room 682 to flow into this inner room 683 by single direction, this inner room 683 comprises the part 689 of this cylinder body, this part 689, this part 689 is directed to the port 691 of an outlet valve 692, the top of this valve opening 691 (as Fig. 6 A) is directed to and is formed at the groove 693 that this preceding conductor 613 is not used part, and this groove 693 and form the part of this firing chamber.

The movement means 694 of this air valve 692 is arranged at this inner room 682, this movement means 694 comprises a protruding axostylus axostyle 696, it is arranged at this cylinder body 611 and its in the mode that can move around and comprises the connection gear that is connected in this crank rod 617 with, this protruding axostylus axostyle 696 comprises a protruding axle 697, the one end is connected with in a follower and catch bar 698, one end of this catch bar 698 be connected with in the bar 699 of this air valve 692 than low side (as shown in Figure 6A), this catch bar 698 and this bar 699 slidably are arranged at the bearing 700 of this cylinder body, one compressible spring 701 is arranged at the bead 702 of this cylinder body and the elastic clip 703 of this air valve 699, this spring 701 is provided with a bar 698 colliding this cam 697, and guarantees that this air valve 692 is in closed condition.

Shown in Fig. 6 A to 6C, this internal-combustion engine further comprises an outlet valve 706 (Fig. 6 B and 6C), movably be arranged at a relief opening 707, it is formed at the cylinder part of contiguous this cylinder 614 and this material feeding mouth 691, this outlet valve 70 is with a valve movement means (figure does not show) running, its device and structural similarity are in the movement means of this suction valve 692, this camshaft 696 supports one second cam (figure does not show), it is similar in appearance to the cam 697 of the launch device of this air valve 706 but the complications place with an angle, and the bar of this valve 706 is arranged at this cylinder body 611 in rotating mode.When this air valve 706 is opened, discharge the hole 693 of gasoline fluid,, inject a baffler 709 that is arranged at this cylinder body side through an exhaust flow channel 708 that is formed at this cylinder body by this cylinder 614 and this preceding conductor.

Engine efficiency height shown in Fig. 6 A to 6C, because all elements that need lubricate all are located at the inner room 615 and 682 of this crankcase, this rotating part contacts this crankcase, the displacement of this piston causes the fuel-oil-air mixture disturbance of crankcase inner room, and this disturbance guarantees that the lubricating fluid of q.s is around this element that need lubricate, therefore the lubricating effect of this element is than same structure, but a part of element is arranged at this storage area or should preceding conductor was good, furthermore this motor is a light and handy design, shown in Fig. 6 A to 6B.

In single cylinder motor, have a storage area or compensating groove, as Fig. 2 A to 2D, Fig. 5 A and 5B, Fig. 6 A to 6C, for instance, when this compression stroke began, the volume of this storage area and this compensating groove had certain influence power to the gasoline pressure in this cylinder.Single cylinder engine is connect, supposes that this gasoline transmission is to carry out then under the constant temperature: $\mathrm{Pc}=\frac{\mathrm{Po}(V+\mathrm{Vc})}{\mathrm{Vc}}$ $\mathrm{Pt}=\frac{\mathrm{Pc}\·\mathrm{Vc}+\mathrm{Pa}\·\mathrm{Vt}}{\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vc}}$ $\mathrm{Pa}=\frac{\mathrm{Pt}\·\mathrm{Vt}}{\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vc}+V+\mathrm{Vcc}}+\frac{\mathrm{Pc}\·\mathrm{Vt}}{\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vc}+\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vcc}}$

Wherein:

Po is a pressure on every side

Pa be before the compression stroke when lower dead point position the pressure in the cylinder,

Pt is the pressure maximum in the lower dead point position compensator,

Pc is the pressure maximum in theory in the lower dead point position crankcase,

V is the maximum volume that changes of motor,

Vc is the clearance volume of crankcase,

Vt is the volume of compensator,

Vcc is the clearance volume of cylinder.

One or two cylinder engine comprises a compensator (shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B), supposes that once more this gasoline transmission is to carry out then under the constant temperature: $\mathrm{Pc}=\frac{\mathrm{Po}(V+\mathrm{Vc})}{\mathrm{Vc}}$ $\mathrm{Pt}=\frac{\mathrm{Pc}\·\mathrm{Vc}+\mathrm{Pa}\·\mathrm{Vt}}{\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vc}}$ $\mathrm{Pa}=\frac{\mathrm{Pt}\·\mathrm{Vt}}{\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vc}+V/2+\mathrm{Vcc}}+\frac{\mathrm{Pc}\·\mathrm{Vc}}{V/2+\mathrm{Vc}+\mathrm{Vt}+\mathrm{Vcc}}$

This pressure Pa is kept stable after operation cycle several times in this motor.

By the above-mentioned description that can obviously learn the four stroke engine of an improvement, the running element of this motor is lubricated by this fuel-petrol-air mixture, and make it not need extra lubrication system, and this mixture does not need extra pressurized machine to come supercharging, so four stroke engine of the present utility model, only manage its fuel mixture and have other material, its effluent then is relative clean.

The above in order to explain preferred embodiment of the present utility model, is not that the attempt tool is to do any pro forma restriction to the utility model only.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-cylinder four-stroke engine fueled by a flammable mixture comprising fuel, oil and gas, characterized in that the engine comprises: (a) an engine block structure forming a crankcase and first and second cylinders; (b) first and second pistons are reciprocally disposed on the first and second reciprocable cylinders and form first and second combustion chambers with the cylinder block, the first and second the second piston is simultaneously moved toward or away from the crankcase by a volume of the crankcase that alternately increases or decreases with the reciprocating piston; (c) The structure further forms first and second surrounding valves adjacent to the first and second combustion chambers, and the engine further includes first and second valve devices respectively disposed on the first and second Two winding valve; (d) Each individual valve arrangement includes a fuel intake valve, a fuel exhaust valve and a valve movement device; (e) the structure further comprises at least one intake port leading into the crankcase, and at least one exhaust port leading out of the crankcase, the at least one intake port being connected to receive the mixture; and (f) passages connect the at least one discharge port with the first and second surrounding valves and the fuel intake valve, the mixture flows through the crankcase and the surrounding valves, and lubricates the operating parts of the engine. 2. 4. The four-stroke engine of claim 1, further comprising a first one-way valve at the intake port to allow the fluid to enter the crankcase. 3. The four-stroke engine of claim 1, wherein the passage forms a balance tank. 4. 4. The four-stroke engine of claim 3, further comprising a second one-way valve at the exhaust port to allow the fluid to flow out of the crankcase. 5. The four-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the crankcase of the engine further comprises a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is rotatably arranged in the housing mechanism, and the first and second pistons are connected to the crankshaft , the engine forms an open cycle with the two revolving crankshafts, and the pistons revolving alternately in the form of power strokes. 6. 4. The four-stroke engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cylinders are arranged at opposite positions and the piston rotates toward and away from both. 7. The four-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the channel is a U-shaped structure, and the tail end connects the crankcase, the surrounding valve and a central body, which separates and spaces the housing mechanism.

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