CN2420465Y - Rotary link mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotary link mechanism which is designed for internal combustion engines, air compressors and oil pumps. The interior of a cylinder body is provided with a rotary sleeve and a helix conversion sleeve. The rotary sleeve is supported by a bearing in the cylinder body and fixed by a rear cover, and the extension end of the rotary sleeve is provided with a flywheel. The helix conversion sleeve and the air cylinder are integrated with the cylinder body respectively into a whole. The inner chamber of the air cylinder is provided with a plunger and one end of the plunger is connected with a connecting rod by the bearing. A force transferring sleeve is fixedly connected the middle of the connecting rod and both ends of a force transferring pin are respectively positioned in the hole of the force transferring sleeve and a helix conversion commutation groove. The peripheral surface of the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a steel ball, and the bulge of the steel ball is positioned in the rotary sleeve groove.

Description

Rotating linkage mechanism

The utility model relates to a kind of linear reciprocating motion with machinery and changes the mechanical structure that rotatablely moves into.

Linear reciprocating motion with machinery changes the mechanism that rotatablely moves at present, during the Englishman of system watt invention steam engine, for the thermal power transfer with steam is a mechanical energy, designed connecting rod, its working principle system: under the pressure promotion of piston at steam, promote connecting rod and drive the crank rotation, thus output mechanical energy.Because this mechanism makes simple, transmitting torque is big, uses advantages such as reliable, is the classical structure of engineering goods, has obtained in the whole world using widely.When the invention internal combustion engine, also intactly adopted connecting rod, be applied to motor manufacturings such as motorcycle, automobile, train, steamer, aircraft.

Application principle such as the Fig. 1 in internal combustion engine of this mechanism. connecting rod internal combustion engine schematic representation, data source are compiled by Jilin Industry University automobile teaching and research room in " automobile construction " second page, and People's Transportation Press published in 1978.Its working procedure is as follows: be installed into valve 1, exhaust valve 2 on cylinder 3 tops, when piston 4 under the effect of inflammable gas pressure, move to lower dead center b by top dead center a, promote connecting rod 5 and drive crank 6 rotations, piston 4 linear reciprocating motions four times, crank 6 rotates two circles, and produces four work cycle of air inlet, compression, work, exhaust of inflammable gas.One of them work cycle work done, its excess-three work cycle is the set-up procedure of work done.Be the four-journey internal combustion engine.

According to the backward motion rule of connecting rod, when drive crank 6 rotations by external impetus, piston 4 also will do reciprocating linear motion.During the design air compressor, suck air from intake valve 1, with air compression from exhaust valve 2 exhausts; During the design hydraulic-pressure pump, suck hydraulic oil,, discharge from exhaust valve 2 with the hydraulic oil compression from intake valve 1.Crank 6 rotates a circle, and piston 4 reciprocal secondaries are realized a work cycle.

After entering for 20th century, along with progress of science and technology, the mankind have carried out major reform in order to obtain high rotating speed, powerful motor to motorcar engine, adopt the state-of-the-art technological means in the whole world.As: the straight spray burning of computer control, increase cylinder compression ratio, and adopt anti-knock device, design many valves intake and exhaust simultaneously, utilize method such as waste gas supercharging, effect is not remarkable, its main cause is the defective of connecting rod, has seriously hindered further developing in the internal combustion engine design.Show as:

1. in order to obtain the high rotating speed of motor, be 90 ° but because of piston linear moving direction and the crank rotating center axis angle of cut, can't avoid the unbalance inertia force that is increased.

2. crank rotates two circles, and only the intrinsic principle of an expansion space stroke has limited the raising of engine power, refers to four-stroke engine.

3. piston stroke equates with the crank rotating diameter, interdependence, and mutual restriction.In engine design, should improve output torque, improve rotating speed again and reach the perfect match that improves power, be impossible realize.

4. when the utilization connecting rod is made multicylinder engine, air compressor, hydraulic-pressure pump, adopt a plurality of crank throws of processing on the crank, cylinder is a multi-cylinder integral, its crank, cylinder are made complicated, the cost height, its operational safety and less economical showing as: when a crank throw or a cylinder damage, need integral replacing crank and cylinder; When a crank throw or cylinder wear need be repaired, need whole motor or equipment breakdown maintenance, it keep in repair complexity; When a crank throw or cylinder break down, if because of operator's error in judgement, operation in spite of illness, its serious consequence is for damaging whole crank or cylinder.

In the process of improving traditional connecting rod, the 1950's German Wang Keershi to have invented the three-apexed rotor piston engine be the achievement with higher intention.Its working principle such as Fig. 2. three-apexed rotor piston engine schematic representation, data source are in " automobile construction " the 207th page, and Jilin Industry University automobile teaching and research room compiles, and People's Transportation Press published in 1978.Its technical characterstic is: output shaft 10 sense of rotation are consistent with three-apexed rotor piston 8 sense of rotation.Three-apexed rotor piston 8 is divided into three firing chambers with splayed configuration cylinder 7, promotes rotation down when three-apexed rotor piston 8 is subjected to inflammable gas pressure, drives output shaft 10 rotations, output mechanical energy by external toothing 9, ring gear 11.Three-apexed rotor piston 8 rotates a circle, and sucks inflammable gas from suction port 13, by spark plug 12 igniting, make three firing chambers produce air inlet, compression, work, four work cycle of exhaust, waste gas is discharged from relief opening 14, is equivalent to three cylinder operation, drives output shaft and rotates three circles.Its motor characteristics are that rotating speed height, horsepower are big, moment of torsion is little, and its reason is that the output shaft centripetal moment is little.This invention once set the world on fire, and a lot of countries all patent of introduction manufacture experimently.I once presided over the development work of rotary polygonal piston engine in the period of the 1969-1970, not only make model machine, and successfully entrucking road examination, but eventually because of many reasons such as materials, defective such as can't solve always that sealing is poor, quick abrasion, working life are short, and fail.At present the whole world only has Japanese Axela Inc. that this type is housed on the part car, but fails large-scale commercial always.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of linear reciprocating motion with machinery to change the rotating linkage mechanism that rotatablely moves into.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that promptly: this rotating linkage mechanism, comprise cylinder, piston and connecting rod, its key is: on a cylinder body left side, in the right chamber rotary sleeve and spiral conversion sleeve are housed, rotary sleeve is bearing in the cylinder body by bearing and is fixed by bonnet, its external part is equipped with flywheel, the spiral conversion sleeve respectively with cylinder body, cylinder combines as a whole, cylinder inner cavity is equipped with piston, piston links by bearing and connecting rod one end, is connected with the power transmission cover at the connecting rod middle part, and the power transmission pin then is inserted in the power transmission cover, its end is embedded in the spiral conversion grooving, on the other end side face of connecting rod, steel ball is housed, the bump of steel ball then is arranged in the groove of rotary sleeve.

Its center line of the piston that can state and bearing axis arranged off-centre, its purpose are to guarantee that piston can not rotate, and can only do reciprocating linear motion.

The rotary sleeve internal surface that can state is provided with three halves circular arc straight-line grooves.

The spiral conversion sleeve internal surface that can state is processed with the slick and sly semi-circle groove that intersects of symmetrical left and right spiral.

According to above-mentioned its working condition of the rotating linkage mechanism that assembles such as following:

Piston is under the effect of starting force, by top dead center when lower dead center moves, act on the internal spiral left side cambered surface groove of fixing spiral conversion sleeve by connecting rod power transmission pin, produce a horizontal component and tangential component, make connecting rod be in straight line motion and the situation that rotatablely moves, its tangential component is by the steel ball on the connecting rod, and the driven rotary cover rotates, drive piston simultaneously, move to lower dead center by top dead center.When arriving lower dead center, under the effect of inertia of flywheel, act on the right cambered surface groove of internal spiral in the spiral conversion sleeve by the power transmission pin, produce a reverse horizontal component when producing tangential component, connecting rod is when maintenance rotatablely moves, change its linear movement direction, drive piston and move to top dead center by lower dead center.Motion and so forth changes the linear reciprocating motion of piston into rotatablely moving.

According to above motion principle, when flywheel rotates under external force, rotatablely move and change linear reciprocating motion into.

The utility model compared with prior art has following characteristics:

1. owing to rotary sleeve, spiral conversion sleeve, connecting rod, piston are installed on the same shaft axis in cylinder body, so piston linear reciprocating motion and rotary sleeve rotating center parallel axes.

2. connecting rod and spiral conversion sleeve, piston, rotary sleeve interconnect, when piston is stressed straight line motion or flywheel be subjected to inertial force when rotation, all act on the connecting rod simultaneously, move along spiral conversion sleeve spiral cambered surface groove by the power transmission pin, when not changing the direction that rotatablely moves, change linear movement direction, its linear reciprocating motion with rotatablely move synchronously.

3. when rotary sleeve rotates a circle, the piston linear reciprocating motion number of times is relevant with spiral conversion sleeve inner vortex helical pitch, can select as required, when helical pitch piston linear reciprocating motion four times when being spiral conversion sleeve inside diameter D π/4, a cylinder is equivalent to two cylinder operation; When helical pitch is spiral conversion sleeve inside diameter D π/6, piston linear reciprocating motion six times, a cylinder is equivalent to three cylinder operation; When helical pitch is spiral conversion sleeve inside diameter D π/8, piston linear reciprocating motion eight times, a cylinder is equivalent to four cylinder operation.

Since the stroke S of piston determine by the helix lead of spiral conversion sleeve, with the diameter D of spiral conversion sleeve mutual restriction not.D is equivalent to the crank rotating diameter of connecting rod.When piston stroke S is certain value, diameter D, the helical pitch h of spiral conversion sleeve, pitch angle alpha will, power transmission pin angle of inclination beta can be according to service condition and requirement, select parameter, design engineering goods such as different performance, the internal combustion engine that is fit to different service conditions, air compressor, hydraulic-pressure pump.

5. the utility model is on the basis of making single cylinder engine, for increasing the cylinder total displacement, adopt the building blocks combining form, the multi-cylinder engine of one-tenth any amount capable of being combined, adopt gear to connect transmission between its each cylinder, gear transmission have transmitting torque big, make simple, cost is low, wear-resistant not fragile, it is reliable.Cylinder adopts single cylinder manufacturing, characteristics reliable, good economy performance that the multi-cylinder engine that is combined into has.Show as: when a rotating linkage mechanism or cylinder wear or damage, whole the equipment that need not disintegrate can keep in repair and change; Because of operator's error in judgement, operation in spite of illness, the maximum damage is a rotating linkage mechanism or a cylinder, its economic loss is little.Accompanying drawing 3-Fig. 9.

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of prior art connecting rod internal combustion engine;

Fig. 2 is the piston-engined structure diagram of prior art three-apexed rotor;

Fig. 3 is the utility model rotating linkage mechanism structural representation;

Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 A-A sectional drawing;

Fig. 5 is a spiral conversion sleeve internal surface unfolded drawing of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is second embodiment of the present utility model, is the schematic representation of rotating linkage mechanism single cylinder engine;

Fig. 7 is the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model, is rotating linkage mechanism twin-tub schematic layout pattern;

Fig. 8 is the 4th embodiment of the present utility model, is rotating linkage mechanism multi-cylinder straight line schematic layout pattern;

Fig. 9 is the 5th embodiment of the present utility model, is rotating linkage mechanism multi-cylinder circumference schematic layout pattern.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing concrete structure of the present utility model is further described.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 have showed first embodiment of the present utility model.In the present embodiment, the rotary sleeve diameter d is greater than spiral conversion sleeve diameter D.Power transmission pin angle of inclination beta should keep several angle, its objective is to guarantee that piston 15 produces flywheel moment during lower dead center on initial movement is in.In cylinder body 23 left chambeies rotary sleeve 26 is installed.This cover is bearing in the cylinder body 23 by bearing 24, and is fixing by bonnet 27, can rotate, and is processed with three halves circular arc straight-line grooves in rotary sleeve 26 inside, and its working stroke equates with piston stroke.Guarantee connecting rod 18 when 26 rotations of driven rotary cover, can be in rotary sleeve 26 linear reciprocating motion.At cylinder body 23 right chambeies and the rotary sleeve 26 adjacent spiral conversion sleeves 22 that are equipped with.Spiral conversion sleeve 22 is fixed on the cylinder body 23, and its internal surface is processed into the slick and sly semi-circle groove that intersects of left and right spiral of symmetry.Fixing when spiral conversion sleeve 22, connecting rod 18 rotates a circle along spiral conversion sleeve 22 internal spiral curves, and helical pitch is D π/4 o'clock, linear reciprocating motion four times.Right-hand member at cylinder body 23 is installed cylinder 17, and piston 15 is housed in the cylinder 17, and bearing 16 is housed in the piston 15, and bearing 16 center lines and piston 15 center line arranged off-centre to guarantee that piston can not rotate, only do reciprocating linear motion.Be processed into spline-like at connecting rod 18 left ends, see Fig. 4, the semi-circle pit is arranged on the key, steel ball 25 is housed in the hole, cooperate with semi-circle straight-line groove in the rotary sleeve 26 by steel ball 25, driven rotary cover 26 rotations simultaneously when guaranteeing connecting rod 18 rotations, and do reciprocating linear motion, at the middle part of connecting rod 18 power transmission cover 20 is installed, and fixing by spring bolt 19, in its power transmission cover 20 two power transmission pins 21 are installed, semicircle sphere is processed on power transmission pin 21 tops, matches with spiral conversion sleeve 22 internal spiral semi-circle grooves, and keeps certain inclination angle, guaranteeing that connecting rod 18 moves along spiral conversion sleeve 22 internal spiral cambered surface grooves, connecting rod 18 right-hand members by with bearing 16, piston 15 connects.When piston 15 under the starting force effect, move to lower dead center b by top dead center a, the left-handed cambered surface groove of internal spiral that sphere by connecting rod 18, power transmission cover 20, power transmission pin 21 acts on fixing spiral conversion sleeve 22 produces a horizontal component and tangential component, makes connecting rod 18 be in straight line motion and the situation that rotatablely moves.Its tangential component promotes rotary sleeve 26 rotations by the steel ball on the connecting rod 18 25, drives piston 15 simultaneously under non-rotary situation, is moved to lower dead center b by top dead center a.When arriving lower dead center b, under flywheel 28 inertial force effects, act on the internal spiral dextrorotation cambered surface groove of spiral conversion sleeve 22 by the power transmission pin 21 of connecting rod 18, produce a reverse horizontal component when producing tangential component, make connecting rod 18 when maintenance rotatablely moves, change linear movement direction, drive piston 15 and move to top dead center a by lower dead center b.Motion and so forth, just the linear reciprocating motion with piston 15 changes rotatablely moving of rotary sleeve 26 into.

According to the backward motion of the above characteristics of motion, externally the active force drive is following when flywheel 28, can drive piston 15 equally and do reciprocating linear motion.

S-piston stroke, D-spiral conversion sleeve diameter, d-rotary sleeve diameter, β-power transmission pin inclination angle, h-helical pitch, alpha-helix angle, π-Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, c-throw of eccentric in the above structure.

Fig. 6. rotating linkage mechanism single cylinder engine 31 schematic representation.Be second embodiment of the present utility model.This embodiment is the concrete utilization on the first embodiment basis.At cylinder 17 upper design intake valves 29, exhaust valve 30, when being used to manufacture and design the single cylinder internal combustion engine, h is D π/4 when spiral conversion sleeve inner vortex helical pitch, piston 15 is under the effect of inflammable gas pressure, linear reciprocating motion four times, rotary sleeve 26 rotates a week, produces four work cycle of air inlet, compression, work, exhaust of inflammable gas.One of them work cycle work done, its excess-three work cycle is the set-up procedure of work done.Its working principle is identical with existing four-journey internal combustion engine principle.

When being used to manufacture and design the single cylinder air compressor, externally down rotation of dynamic action of flywheel 28, when spiral conversion sleeve inner vortex helical pitch was D π/4, air sucked cylinders 17 through intake valve 29, compressedly discharged from exhaust valve 30.Piston 15 linear reciprocating motions four times produce two work cycle, and its working principle is identical with existing air compressor principle.

When being used to manufacture and design the single-cylinder hydraulic oil pump, externally down rotation of dynamic action of flywheel 28, when spiral conversion sleeve inner vortex helical pitch was D π/4, hydraulic oil sucked cylinders 17 through intake valve 29, compressedly discharged from exhaust valve 30.Piston 15 linear reciprocating motions four times produce two work cycle, and its working principle is identical with existing hydraulic-pressure pump working principle.

The above, unique difference of this embodiment and first embodiment is to have set up the inlet and outlet door on cylinder.

Fig. 7. rotating linkage mechanism twin-tub schematic layout pattern.Be the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model, its objective is to enlarge the cylinder total displacement.When being used to manufacture and design float amount internal combustion engine, single cylinder engine 31 should be designed to left and right arrangement, and sense of rotation is opposite, and the work done circulation should intermesh 180 °, its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, by gear 32 outputting powers.

When being used to manufacture and design float amount air compressor, hydraulic-pressure pump, single cylinder engine 31 should be designed to left and right arrangement, piston 15 arrives top dead center a position should intermesh 180 °, its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, when 32 rotations of external impetus driven gear, rotary sleeve 26 rotations, piston 15 linear reciprocating motions are discharged pressurized gas or high pressure oil.

Fig. 8. rotating linkage mechanism multi-cylinder straight line schematic layout pattern.Be the 4th embodiment of the present utility model, its objective is a kind of combining form that enlarges the cylinder total displacement.

When being used to manufacture and design internal combustion engine,, can select single cylinder engine 31 quantity arbitrarily according to need of work.The two adjacent cylinder sense of rotation is opposite, and each cylinder working circulation should be according to single cylinder engine 31 quantity, and the average interlaced installation of five equilibrium angle its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, and each cylinder connects transmission with gear 32, by gear 32 outputting powers.

When being used to manufacture and design air compressor, hydraulic-pressure pump, can select single cylinder engine 31 quantity arbitrarily according to need of work, each cylinder piston 15 arrives top dead center position, should be according to the interlaced installation of the average five equilibrium angle of single cylinder engine 31 quantity, its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, each cylinder connects transmissions with gear 32.When 32 rotations of external impetus driven gear, rotary sleeve 26 rotations drive piston 15 linear reciprocating motions, discharge pressurized gas or high pressure oil.

Fig. 9. rotation connecting rod multi-cylinder circumference schematic layout pattern.Be the 5th embodiment of the present utility model, its objective is a kind of combining form that enlarges the cylinder total displacement.When manufacturing and designing internal combustion engine, according to operating conditions, selected single cylinder engine 31 quantity, single cylinder engine 31 sense of rotation should be consistent, each cylinder working circulation should be according to the interlaced installation of the average five equilibrium angle of single cylinder engine 31 quantity, its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, each cylinder connects transmissions with gear 32, by gear 32 outputting powers.

When being used to manufacture and design air compressor, hydraulic-pressure pump, should be according to operating conditions, selected single cylinder engine 31 quantity, each cylinder piston 15 arrives top dead center a position, should be according to the interlaced installation of the average five equilibrium angle of single cylinder engine 31 quantity, its objective is that the assurance running is steady, stressed evenly, each cylinder connects transmission with gear 32, when 32 rotations of external impetus driven gear, and rotary sleeve 26 rotations, drive piston 15 linear reciprocating motions, discharge pressurized gas or high pressure oil.

Claims (4)

1. rotating linkage mechanism, comprise cylinder, piston and connecting rod, it is characterized in that: on cylinder body (a 23) left side, in the right chamber rotary sleeve (26) is housed respectively, rotary sleeve (26) is bearing in the cylinder body (23) by bearing (24), fixing by bonnet (27), its external part is equipped with flywheel (28), spiral conversion sleeve (22) and cylinder (17) combine as a whole with cylinder body (23) respectively, cylinder (17) inner chamber is equipped with piston (15), piston (15) links by bearing (16) and connecting rod (18) one ends, at connecting rod (18) middle part, be connected with power transmission cover (20), power transmission pin (21) is inserted in the power transmission cover (20), and the end is embedded in spiral conversion sleeve (22) groove, on the other end side face of connecting rod (18), steel ball (25) is housed, and the bump of steel ball (25) then is arranged in rotary sleeve (26) groove.

2. the rotating linkage mechanism that can state according to claim 1 is characterized in that rotary sleeve (26) internal surface is provided with three halves circular arc straight-line grooves.

3. the rotating linkage mechanism that can state according to claim 1 is characterized in that spiral conversion sleeve (22) internal surface is processed with the slick and sly semi-circle groove that intersects of left and right spiral of symmetry.

4. the rotating linkage mechanism that can state according to claim 1 is characterized in that piston (15) center line and bearing (16) center line arranged off-centre.

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