CN2285711Y - Hollow brick press - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses the technique of a hollow brick press forming machine. The hollow brick press forming machine comprises a machine frame, wherein a lower mould for placing green bricks and an upper mould provided with a press block are arranged on the machine frame, a power and drive mechanism for making the upper mould and the lower mould engaged and separated from each other is also arranged on the machine frame, and the power and drive mechanism can adopt a crank mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism. The utility model has the advantages of high pressing efficiency, good quality, and thin and dense brick wall. In addition, the utility model can press the hollow bricks in the shape of honey comb, and has the few defects of concealed cracking, air bubbles, etc.

Description

The hollow brick pressing make-up machine

The utility model relates to the press forming machinery device that a kind of construction material is a hollow brick.

Present known building brick is solid brick and the through hole hollow brick of being produced with clay by extrusion shaper.Solid brick consumes the earth resource owing to a large amount of, thus must substitute with hollow brick, and extrusion shaper can only be produced the through hole hollow brick at present.In addition, also have a kind of non-fired hollow building blocks, be shaped, but also can only produce through-hole form by the mechanical pudding mode.The through hole hollow brick is not easy to place mortar when building a wall operation.Especially extrusion shaper can not be produced the sealing of the bigger and another end of post hole area, i.e. blind hole form, and wall thickness is thin and fine and close, the hollow brick of big compression strength is arranged.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of mechanical device of producing hollow brick with pressing mode.Can be divided into crank and two kinds of hollow brick pressing make-up machines of hydraulic pressure by its pressure mode.The hollow brick post hole of its compacting can be that through hole also can be a blind hole; The hollow brick wall thickness is not only thin but also very fine and close; Latently in the hollow brick body split, defective such as bubble is also few.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that with crank or hydraulic press provides pressure, by post hole shaping plug and mold cavities shaped hollow brick.Its pressing principle is: because shaping plug in post hole is simultaneously to enter compacting from certain of hollow brick, also from withdrawing from one side, by the control of the compacting degree of depth, hollow brick post hole can be a through hole, also can be blind hole; Because counterdie is the container of a recording quantity, close and form an enclosed cavity behind the briquetting of patrix, clay is better mobile under big pressure, so the wall thickness of hollow brick not only can be thinner, and it is very fine and close, clay is by compacting, and defectives such as latent in the hollow brick body splits, bubble are just few, so compression strength is improved.Hollow brick can be square hole, circular hole, tri-angle-holed, trapezoidal hole, regular hexagon hole etc. by the shape branch in post hole, can be achieved the goal by the shaping plug of correspondingly-shaped; Characteristics branch by the post hole can be that through hole also can be a blind hole, and the compacting through-hole form is just passable with general solid shaping plug.The shaping plug of compacting blind hole form is a particular design, and as shown in Figure 1: movable conehead (16) upper end sticks to get off (figure slightly) with pin, and there is the head of the two sides band conical surface lower end.Hollow plug (15) upper end is fixed on (figure slightly) on the upper bolster, and the lower end has a bellmouth to be the return-air mouth.Movable conehead (16) can freely slide up and down in hollow plug (15).Movable conehead (16) is descending with hollow plug (15) during the compacting hollow brick, is obstructed after movable conehead (16) is run into brick producing material, closes the return-air mouth of hollow plug (15) automatically, until the compacting rise finishes.During backhaul, movable conehead (16) is opened the return-air mouth under the bonding force effect of deadweight and brick producing material, make the withdrawing pattern return-air accomplished.Particularly a kind of hollow plug is a regular hexagon, and by the mould of honeycomb arrangement, the cellular hollow brick of its compacting meets mechanics principle most, and this brick is when satisfying a certain compression strength and require, and materials are economized most, also are convenient to construction.Upward view when this brick structure such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, Fig. 2 are this brick use location, Fig. 3 is a cutaway view.The pressing process of hollow brick is: extrude and be cut to adobe by the adobe extruder 1.; 2. suppress by pressing make-up machine.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: this forming machine includes frame, and the patrix that supplies to place the counterdie of adobe and briquetting is housed is housed on the frame, also is equipped with on the frame to make power and the transmission mechanism that upper die and lower die are involutory and separate.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine patrix described in the utility model has one and forms the core rod, and plug is made up of the movable conehead that is equipped with in hollow plug and the hollow plug.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, power that is equipped with on its frame and transmission mechanism adopt slider-crank mechanism or hydraulic mechanism.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, but its counterdie adopts horizontal movable type structure, counterdie quantity is more than two or two, counterdie is loaded on the horizontal rotating disc or laterally on the slide unit.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, its counterdie is loaded on the horizontal rotating disc, and the rotating disk axle is connected between frame top and the bottom, and slider-crank mechanism links through transmission mechanism and motor, and slider-crank mechanism connects with patrix.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, its hydraulic mechanism comprises the master cylinder that connects with upper bolster; And and the joining liftout tank of ejecting mechanism, with the joining horizontal movable cylinder of horizontal slide unit.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model is equipped with the back pressing spring in its patrix and contact is pressed in the back.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, its discharging cam mechanism is made up of cam and two rollers being installed in the roller seat that can swing.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model has the fork of band helicoid and the swing rod of band helicoid under its rotating disk.

Hollow brick pressing make-up machine described in the utility model, its shaping plug is a regular hexagon, by honeycomb arrangement.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and three embodiment the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of mechanism of discharging hollow brick pressing make-up machine under first embodiment crank-type.

Fig. 5 is that the station of first embodiment is arranged and relevant part position figure.

Fig. 6 is the schematic side view of first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of mechanism of second embodiment crank-type loading and unloading material hollow brick pressing make-up machine.

Fig. 8 is that the station of second embodiment is arranged and relevant part position figure.

Fig. 9 is the schematic side view of second embodiment.

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of mechanism of the 3rd embodiment hydraulic pressure hollow brick pressing make-up machine.

First embodiment such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6: 1. 4. large belt wheel 5. power transmission shafts 6. bent axles 7. sprocket wheels 8. chains 9. connecting rods 10. slide blocks 11. upper bolsters 12. rear pressing spring 13. rear pressure contact 14. springs 15. hollow core rods 16. movable conehead 17. briquettings 18. counterdies 19. pressing plates 20. backing plates 21. supporting plates 22. adobes 23. locating pieces 24. oscillating bar assemblies 25. positioning cams 26. little axle 27. driving levers 28. spherical sheave 29. rotating disks 30. pull rod shaft 31. small machines 32. small pulleys, 33. V-belts, motor 2. electrical machine belt pulleys, 3. V-belts, 34. belt wheels, 35. reduction boxes, 36. shaft joints, 37. drive rolls, 38. conveyer belts, 39. driven cylinder 40. hollow bricks 41. discharging briquettings 42. extension springs 43. guide pads 44. roller seats 45. rollers 46. discharging cams 47. gear wheels 48. pinions 49. frames

In Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, each part of present embodiment can divide five parts by effect;

One, main transmission chain part: pass to bent axle (6) by the power that motor (1) provides through electrical machine belt pulley (2), V-belt (3), big belt wheel (4), power transmission shaft (5), pinion (48), gear wheel (47), become the reciprocating motion of slide block (10) again through connecting rod (9).

Two, transposition part: through chain (8) little axle (26) is passed in the rotation of bent axle (6) by the identical sprocket wheel of a pair of number of teeth (7), positioning cam (25) and driving lever (27) that little axle (26) drives two ends simultaneously rotate.When beginning to make transposition action, the rotation of positioning cam (25) makes the setting element on the oscillating bar assembly (24) extract breach in the locating piece (23), at this moment the roller on the driving lever (27) just in time changes in the groove of spherical sheave (28), being rotated further of driving lever (27) makes the rotating disk (29) that is connected on the spherical sheave (28) rotate around pull rod shaft (30), when the roller of driving lever (27) produces the groove of spherical sheave (28), rotating disk (29) has just in time rotated a station, and at this moment positioning cam (25) inserts in the breach of locating piece (23) setting element of oscillating bar assembly (24) again.So just finished whole transposition action.The direction of rotation of the layout of each station and rotating disk (29) is seen Fig. 5.In addition, the effect of pull rod shaft (30) in this part is the axle of rotating disk (29), to generally speaking, because it is in top and the bottom that the tensile stress state second line of a couplet is connected to frame (49), played enhancing frame (49) rigidity.

Three, press portion: the upper bolster (11) that is installed in slide block (10) lower end, press contact (13) behind pressing spring after its inside is equipped with a group (12) and one group, one group of spring (14) and one group of hollow plug (15) and the inner movable conehead (16) of hollow plug (15), the concordant briquetting (17) that is equipped with hollow plug (15) lower end are equipped with in its lower surface.Go up placement five counterdies (18) (see figure 5) at rotating disk (29), controlling it by five pairs of pressing plates (19) has a spot of space that slides up and down.Backing plate (20) has been gone up the effect of isolating adobe (22) and supporting plate (21) at supporting plate (21).The plane of supporting plate (21) is the ring-type of a band opening, and opening is on unloading station, and its pressure-bearing part is on the compacting station, so this part firmly connects with frame (49).During compacting, because the descending adobe (22) of slide block (10) is at first flattened the latter half that is full of counterdie (18) by briquetting (17) and hollow plug (15), movable conehead (16), along with hollow plug (15) and movable conehead (16) continue press down, the last plane of adobe (22) and rising gradually, at this moment spring (14) is compressed and makes the rising of briquetting (17) become possibility.The final stage of compacting, briquetting (17) rise to the contact back and press contact (13), under the spring force effect of back pressing spring (12), have enough pressure to be used for last the shaping and the beginning withdrawing pattern.In pressing process, counterdie (18) only bears lateral pressure, and downward pressure then passes to supporting plate (21) by backing plate (20), makes the power that acts on the rotating disk (29) be unlikely to excessive.After the compacting, sliding up and down on a small quantity of counterdie (18) makes backing plate (20) reduce the pressure of supporting plate (21), and rotating disk (29) torque when making transposition action is reduced.

Four, discharging part: the discharging cam (46) that is installed on gear wheel (47) one sides makes guide pad (43), discharging briquetting (41) make the discharging rise downwards by roller (45), roller seat (44), hollow brick of press forming (40) and backing plate (20) are extruded counterdie (18), when backhaul, provide reset force by extension spring (42).It is two (see figure 6)s that roller seat (44) is gone up the roller of installing (45), and roller seat (44) can be swung, and two rollers (45) are contacted with cam (46) simultaneously.Design can make discharging thrust accomplish the twice of general single-roller cam mechanism on the basis that does not increase physical dimension like this.

Five, transport portion; The power that small machine (31) provides is passed to reduction box (35) through small pulley (32), V-belt (33), belt wheel (34), passes to drive roll (37) through shaft joint (36) again, drives the motion of conveyer belt (38).Driven cylinder (39) be positioned at unloading station below, make the hollow brick (40) that falls down on the unloading station and backing plate (20) deliver to by conveyer belt that rotating disk (29) is outer to be taken away by artificial or manipulator.

Whole hollow brick pressing process is such: putting on the backing plate station, put into backing plate (20) in counterdie (18).Behind a transposition action, counterdie on the material loading station (18) drops into an adobe (22), again behind two transposition actions, adobe (22) slides into the compacting station together with backing plate (20), at this station, adobe (22) is pressed into forming brick (40), and another enters unloading station by transposition action postforming brick (40).At this station, hollow brick (40) is forced out counterdie, transports out rotating disk (29) together with backing plate (20) by conveyer belt, treats artificial or manipulator is isolated backing plate (20) and taken hollow brick (40) away.Repeating above process continuously, is exactly the course of work of discharging hollow brick forming machine under the crank-type.

Second embodiment such as Fig. 7, Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9: 50. sheave dishes, 51. vertical pivots, 52. bevel gears, 53. forks, 54. off-load cams, 55. extension springs, 56. swing rods, 57. transverse axis, 58. cam set, 59. ejection assemblies, 60. holder fork assemblies, 61. pressure block (see figure 9)s

Among second embodiment, all the other labels are identical with first embodiment, and title is identical, and its structure and effect are also basic identical.

Present embodiment removes pin pressing plate (19), and counterdie (18) directly is fixed on the rotating disk (29).Present embodiment is formed the transposition driving-chain by pair of sprocket (7), chain (8), little axle (26), shaft coupling (36), transverse axis (57), a pair of bevel gear (52) and vertical pivot (51).Form Ma Shi slotted disk indexing mechanism by driving lever (27) and sheave dish (50).Form detent mechanism by cam set (58) oscillating bar assembly (24) and locating piece (23).Form screw mechanism by fork (53) off-load cam (54) extension spring (55) swing rod (56).When making transposition action, fork in the screw mechanism (53) rotates an angle, by rotating disk (29) rising certain height, reduces transposition moment by helicoid.When compacting, fork (53) resets under the pulling force effect of extension spring (55), allows rotating disk (29) be reduced to pressure block (61) and contacts, and press power passes to frame (49) by pressure block (61), makes rotating disk (29) off-load accomplished.More than three mechanisms finish transposition action.Finish discharging and output action by cam set (58) and ejection assembly (59), holder fork assembly (60).Can see that by Fig. 8 present embodiment has the position of four stations and relevant part, can see the general picture of present embodiment and the screw mechanism that fork (53) and swing rod (56) etc. are formed by Fig. 9.

The 3rd embodiment be as shown in figure 10: 62. master cylinders, 63. slide units, 64. plunger cases, 65. horizontal slide unit 66. horizontal movable cylinders 67. track 68. springs 69. frames 70. push rods 71. liftout tanks that float.

Among the 3rd embodiment, all the other labels are identical with first embodiment, and title is identical, and its structure and effect are also basic identical.

In 10 figure, when the compacting rise begins, master cylinder (62) epicoele injection pressure oil, it is descending together with upper bolster mounted thereto parts such as (11) to promote slide unit (63).After adobe (22) is crushed, is full of the latter half of counterdie (18), because the continuation of the hollow plug of movable conehead (16) (15) inserts, and cause and rise on the plane adobe (22) in, cause briquetting (17) rising simultaneously.The rising of briquetting (17) forces plunger case (64) to make drawback movement, the fuel-displaced overflow valve control by hydraulic system of the backhaul of plunger case (64).So briquetting (17) can act in the adobe (22) with constant compression force, finish until the compacting rise.During the compacting backhaul, with certain flow to two plunger cases (64) oiling, allow it do the rise motion, make briquetting (17) and slide unit (63) with identical speed, opposite direction motion, extract fully till the hollow brick (40) that has suppressed until hollow plug (15), allow hollow brick (40) be retained in the counterdie (18).When the compacting backhaul proceeded to movable conehead (16) and is higher than counterdie (18), horizontal movable cylinder (66) rise that just can move laterally was on the left of horizontal slide unit (65) pushed to.So just make the hollow brick (40) that has suppressed enter the left side and eject the position, ejected the counterdie (18) of having put into adobe (22) and backing plate (20) on the position originally on the right side simultaneously and enter the pressing position, then next compacting rise just can begin.Simultaneously left side liftout tank (71) ejects rise, by push rod (70) cushion block (20) and hollow brick (40) is ejected counterdie (18) together, waits manually or manipulator is taken away.After liftout tank (71) backhaul, backing plate (20) and adobe (22) are put into counterdie (18), wait for the backhaul of horizontal movable cylinder (66).And the action that ejects is next time finished by right side liftout tank (71), promptly in right side material loading and discharging.When compacting, spring (68) compression, the track (67) that floats sinks, and allows the pressure-bearing surface of horizontal Mobile Slide (65) contact with frame (69) pressure-bearing surface, makes the road rail level off-load of horizontal slide unit (65) and unsteady track (67).Elsewhere, can press contact (13) and spring (14) to substitute plunger case (64) in the present embodiment by the back pressing spring (12) among first embodiment, back, like this can simplified structure.

The advantage of hydraulic pressure hollow brick press-forming machine is: 1. material loading and discharging all outside the pressing position, so the haul distance of slide unit (63) as long as very short, pressing stroke is short, the time of each pressing cycle is just few.2. the ejecting rise and backhaul and can carry out simultaneously with the compacting rise of liftout tank (71) be not so material loading and discharging can take the pressing cycle time.3. when the press tonnage is big, can suppress simultaneously by many bricks.Owing to adopted the pattern of an above-mentioned cover patrix and two cover counterdies, so present embodiment has very high compacting efficient.

Claims (10)

1. a hollow brick pressing make-up machine is characterized in that: include frame, the patrix that supplies to place the counterdie of adobe and briquetting is housed is housed on the frame, also be equipped with on the frame and make power and the transmission mechanism that upper die and lower die are involutory and separate.

2. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: patrix has one and forms the core rod, and plug is made up of the movable conehead that is equipped with in hollow plug and the hollow plug.

3. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: power that is equipped with on the frame and transmission mechanism adopt slider-crank mechanism or hydraulic mechanism.

4. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: but counterdie adopts the horizontal movable type structure, and counterdie quantity is more than two or two, counterdie is loaded on the horizontal rotating disc or laterally on the slide unit.

5. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: counterdie is loaded on the horizontal rotating disc, the rotating disk axle is connected between frame top and the bottom, and slider-crank mechanism links through transmission mechanism and motor, and slider-crank mechanism connects with patrix.

6. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: hydraulic mechanism comprises the master cylinder that connects with upper bolster, and and the joining liftout tank of forming brick ejecting mechanism, with the joining horizontal movable cylinder of horizontal slide unit.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 described hollow brick pressing make-up machines, it is characterized in that: back pressing spring and back pressure contact are housed in the upper bolster.

8. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the discharging cam mechanism is made up of cam and two rollers being installed in the roller seat that can swing.

9. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the fork of band helicoid and the swing rod of band helicoid are arranged under the rotating disk.

10. hollow brick pressing make-up machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the shaping plug is a regular hexagon, by honeycomb arrangement.

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