CN2283879Y - Sensing device of electric bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

A sensing device for an electric bicycle includes a speed reduction mechanism, a driving part, and a sensing part. The motor spindle in the speed reduction mechanism is set as a spiral gear shaft to mesh with several gears. The driving part is driven by the speed reduction mechanism and includes a bevel gear, a one-way bearing, a crankshaft, a pedal crank, and a large toothed disk spindle. The sensing part includes a speed measuring part and a torque measuring part. The gear combination of the speed measuring part has a differential transmission function, and cooperates with a sensor to detect speed changes. The sensing arm of the torque measuring part generates a reaction force due to the rotation of the differential gear set, and has a torque displacement reaction. The torque size can be obtained by cooperating with the sensor. The speed and torque signals detected by the sensor are sent to a controller to control the motor power.

Description

Sensing device for electric bicycle

The utility model relates to a sensing device of an electric bicycle, in particular to a differential transmission, torque and rotational speed sensing device of the electric bicycle.

Bicycle is as a kind of means of transportation, owing to having the characteristics of both sports, lightness, and not polluting the environment, makes the bicycle industry enduring, and particularly develops bicycle lanes especially in advanced countries and advocates. The development of bicycles is becoming more and more diverse. In order to make the bicycle more fast and labor-saving in addition to its lightness, electric bicycles are produced. The principle of electric bicycles is mostly to install a battery box and a motor at the lower tube of the bicycle. The spindle of the motor is equipped with a gear to cooperate with the gear connected to the crankshaft to drive with a toothed belt; or it is fixed on the side of the luggage rack. The gear connected to the motor shaft is engaged with the corresponding tooth surface on the peripheral surface of the tire, so as to drive the rotating wheel and ride more effortlessly.

There are following problems in existing electric bicycle:

1. The output power of the electric motor of an electric bicycle cannot change with the pedaling force; when the rider's pedaling speed is slow, the output power of the electric motor is almost the same as the output state of the pedaling force. Still supplying a certain voltage and power to the electric motor will consume electricity, resulting in a rapid shortening of battery life, a high probability of battery replacement, and high costs. Relatively, the use of energy is improper, incomplete, and uneconomical.

2. If the electric bicycle does not have a power cut-off switch for extreme speed setting, even if the rider exceeds the driving speed, the battery will still supply the electric motor with consistent output power. Edge, not sure about security.

The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an electric bicycle sensing device capable of measuring differential transmission, torque and rotational speed. It uses the mechanical structure to sense the speed and torque, that is, through the gear differential transmission, and cooperates with the sensor of the rotational speed to detect the change of the rotational speed. The size of the torque enables the two sensors to detect the input speed and torque signals at the same time and send them to the controller to control the output of the motor, so that the most suitable auxiliary effect can be made according to the road conditions.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

The sensing device of the electric bicycle of the present utility model is arranged at the handover position of the lower tube and the rear lower fork of the electric bicycle, and is protected by a shield around it, and the battery box for supplying motor power and related components such as a computer and a controller cooperate with the electric bicycle. Fixed on the lower tube, it is characterized in that:

A deceleration mechanism, a driving part, and a sensing part are arranged in the chamber formed inside the shield;

The deceleration mechanism is formed by setting the spindle of the motor as a helical gear shaft to continuously mesh several gears;

The driving part is driven by a reduction mechanism, and the driving part includes bevel gears, one-way bearings, crank shafts, pedal cranks, and large sprocket spindles, among which:

A hollow shaft-shaped large sprocket mandrel is used for crankshaft assembly inside, and a sprocket plate is assembled on the outside end. The two ends between the inside of the large sprocket mandrel and the crankshaft are each fitted with a bearing, and the bevel gear is installed inside. The one-way bearing with one-way rotation is set on the outer peripheral side of the large toothed disc mandrel to form a one-way bearing between the large toothed disc mandrel and the bevel gear spacer, and the two ends of the crankshaft protruding from the shield are set with a pedal crank , the other end of the large sprocket mandrel is connected with a sensing gear ratchet seat;

The sensing part has a rotating speed measuring part and a torque measuring part. The rotating speed measuring part is set on the ratchet seat of the sensing gear on the outer peripheral side of the adjacent ratchet of the crankshaft, and the outer periphery forms a sensing interface of equal fraction protrusions. The sensing gear The adjacent side of the ratchet seat adjacent to the sensing interface is the meshing surface of the bevel gear. The ratchet seat of the sensing gear is buckled on the crank shaft, and a transmission gear drive arm is installed. The transmission gear drive arm is fixed to the crank shaft, and the transmission gear drives The outer periphery of the arm is connected with a transmission gear, and a bearing is arranged on the crank shaft sleeve adjacent to the transmission gear, and a sensing gear is set on the outer periphery of the bearing. The sensing gear forms a bevel tooth surface at one end to mesh with the transmission gear, The surface is the driving tooth to engage the sensing arm of the torque measuring part;

The torque measuring part is installed on the adjacent side of the rotating speed measuring part. The torque measuring part includes a sensing arm and a sensor. The sensing arm is provided with internal teeth on the inner diameter of a ring at one end to mesh with the driving teeth of the sensing gear. The detector is locked on the side wall of the shield, which is located opposite to the end of the sensing arm.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the torque measuring sensor and the rotational speed measuring sensor detect the displacement of the sensing arm due to torque changes and the rotational speed of the sensing interface, and the measured signals are transmitted to The controller, after calculation by the internal program of the controller, controls the motor to output suitable power to the reducer.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the sensor of the torque measuring part is connected to the controller, each controller is connected to two sets of servo motors, each of the two sets of servo motors is connected to the front , rear derailleur.

The differential transmission, torque and speed sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the helical gear shaft of the motor meshes with another helical gear of the reducer, and a helical gear shaft is assembled on a wall of the chamber. In the chamber, a bevel gear shaft is assembled from the adjacent side of the helical gear. The bevel gear shaft is fixed to a helical gear to mesh with the helical gear shaft. The bevel gear shaft is perpendicular to the bevel gear of the driving part.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: one end of the large sprocket spindle is adjacent to a ratchet seat on the adjacent side of the bevel gear, and several pawls are pivotally mounted on the outer peripheral side of the ratchet seat, so that the pawls can be aligned with the bevel gear. The sensing gear ratchet seat of the sensing part engages and locks.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the inner wall of the ratchet seat of the sensing gear forms an inner ratchet relative to the ratchet.

The sensing device for the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the position where the driving arm of the transmission gear fits with the crankshaft is respectively provided with a peg groove to cooperate with the peg teeth.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: a shaft-shaped pin ring is embedded on the outer periphery of the driving arm of the transmission gear, and the other end of the pin ring is sleeved with a bearing and a transmission gear.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that a stop block protrudes from the adjacent side of the guard corresponding to the sensing arm to limit the movement angle of the sensing arm, and a spring mechanism is locked on the guard.

The sensing device of the electric bicycle is characterized in that: the spring mechanism includes a moving rod set with a sensing spring and a spring moving rod, the moving rod penetrates into the sensing spring, the spring moving rod is screwed and fixed, and is sealed with the cover. Cover the protective case so that the protective case can be locked on the protective cover, and one end of the moving rod protrudes from the protective case so as to be fastened to the sensing arm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following effects:

(1) Power control is free, labor-saving, safe and power-saving.

(2) The sensor and controller can make the motor output the appropriate assist force according to the riding speed and road conditions.

(3) The sensing of torque is to know the torque displacement through the differential transmission of gear meshing, and the effect is accurate.

(4) The rotation speed of the sprocket disc is twice that of the pedal crank, which can reduce the size of the sprocket disc, reduce the tension on the chain by half, and reduce the chain damage rate.

(5) As shown in Figure 12, the controller can calculate and analyze the signal sensed by the sensor of the torque part, control the servo motor to rotate quantitatively, and drive the transmission to achieve the purpose of automatic speed change, so as to control the output speed of the motor , so that the power-assisted automatic shifting can adapt to any road conditions and reduce the fatigue of the rider.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment further illustrate the specific structural feature of the present utility model.

Brief description of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall combined sectional view of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is an overall combined side view of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotational speed measuring part of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of 4-4 in Fig. 3 of the rotational speed measuring part of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a combined sectional view of the driving part and the sensing gear ratchet seat of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the driving part and the sensing gear ratchet seat of Fig. 5 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the sensing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the sensing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the sensing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the action of the sensing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the action flow of the utility model.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the automatic transmission and the controller of the present invention.

The utility model is a differential transmission, torque and rotational speed sensing device of an electric bicycle. Its general structure is located at the junction of the lower tube and the rear lower fork, protected by a shield around it, and a battery box and related components for supplying electric power to the motor. Components such as computers and controllers are cooperating and fixed on the lower tube.

The structure of the utility model is generally divided into three parts, A is the reducer, B is the driving part, and C is the sensing part; please refer to Figures 1 and 2, one end of the shield 12 is locked to the motor 10, and the open end of the shield 12 Cooperate with the cover 13 and seal it after assembly. The inside of the cover 12 relatively forms a chamber 121 for setting the reducer A, the driving part B and the sensing part C. As shown in FIG.

Wherein reducer A is shown in Figure 1, 2, is to be meshed with another helical gear 16 by the helical gear shaft 11 of motor 10, and a helical gear shaft 17 is assembled again at the wall surface of housing chamber 121, in housing chamber 121, by A bevel gear shaft 14 is assembled on the adjacent side of the helical gear 16, and the bevel gear shaft 14 is sleeved with a helical gear 15 so that it meshes with the helical gear shaft 17, so that the bevel gear shaft 14 can be perpendicular to the bevel gear 20 of the driving part B ; Each of the above-mentioned helical gear shafts is equipped with bearings and is positioned with the wall of the chamber 121 related to the chamber.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the power of the driving part B is transmitted to the bevel gear 20 through the reducer A, and the driving part B includes the bevel gear 20, the one-way bearing 21, the crank shaft 40, the pedal crank 43, and the large sprocket spindle 30 ; A hollow shaft-shaped large sprocket mandrel 30 is internally provided for the crankshaft 40 to be assembled, and the external chain sprocket 42 is assembled, that is, the large sprocket mandrel 30 is connected to the shield 12 and the cover 13 at the two ends of the chamber 121 A bearing 32 is positioned in each spacer on the wall, and a needle roller bearing 31 is put through each of the two ends between the inside of the large tooth disc mandrel 30 and the crankshaft 40, so that the inside of the bevel gear 20 is equipped with a one-way rotating one-way bearing. The bearing 21 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the large sprocket spindle 30, so that the large sprocket spindle 30 and the bevel gear 20 are spaced from the one-way bearing 21, and the two ends of the crankshaft 40 protruding from the shield 12 are inherently sleeved. Pedal crank 43; Next, as shown in Figures 1, 5, and 6, a ratchet seat 22 is sleeved on the adjacent side of the bevel gear 20 at one end of the large sprocket mandrel 30, and several ratchet pawls are pivotally mounted on the outer peripheral side of the ratchet seat 22. 23, the pawl 23 is engaged with the sensing gear ratchet seat 33 of the sensing part C to be locked.

The sensing part C senses the speed and torque with a mechanical structure; the speed measuring part D is shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, and is fitted inside the sensing gear ratchet seat 33 on the outer peripheral side of the ratchet 23 adjacent to the crankshaft 40. See Figure 6 for details. The inner wall of the sensing gear ratchet seat 33 is opposite to the ratchet 23 to form an inner ratchet 333. The measuring gear ratchet seat 33 adjacent to the sensing interface 332 is the meshing surface 331 of the bevel teeth. After the sensing gear ratchet seat 33 is buckled on the crankshaft 40, a transmission gear driving arm 34 is fitted, and the transmission gear driving arm 34 Corresponding to the fit of the crankshaft 40, a bolt groove 341 is provided to cooperate with the bolt tooth 41, and the outer periphery of the transmission gear drive arm 34 is embedded with a shaft-shaped pin ring 351, and the other end of the pin ring 351 is equipped with a bearing 352, a transmission The gear 35 and the transmission gear 35 are in the form of bevel teeth. Adjacent to the transmission gear 35, the crankshaft 40 is provided with a bearing 37. The outer periphery of the bearing 37 is further equipped with a sensing gear 36. The sensing gear 36 forms a bevel tooth at one end. The surface 361 is driven teeth 362 on the other end peripheral surface, so that the bevel tooth surface 361 meshes with the transmission gear 35, and the driven teeth 362 of the sensing gear 36 engage the sensing arm 50, and as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the sensor 38 Set on the cover 13 adjacent to the sensing interface 332 to sense the rotational speed signal, and the sensing arm 50 belongs to the torque measuring part E, so the rotational speed change of the rotational speed measuring part D can be reflected through the sensing arm 50 torque.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the torque measuring part E is installed on the adjacent side of the rotating speed measuring part D. The torque measuring part E includes a sensing arm 50, a spring mechanism 60, and a sensor 52; The inner diameter of the body is provided with internal teeth 51 to engage with the driving teeth 362 of the sensing gear 36, and the shield 12 is provided with a stopper 53 protruding from the adjacent side (end viewing angle) corresponding to the sensing arm 50 to limit the movement of the sensing arm 50. Moving direction, the wall thickness of shield 12 is also locked with a spring mechanism 60, and this spring mechanism 60 has a moving rod 62 inside a protective shell 61, and the upper cover sensing spring 63, spring moving part 64, utilizes the moving rod 62 After penetrating the sensing spring 63, screw the fixed spring moving part 64. After loading, cooperate with the cover to cover the protective shell 61 to be locked on the protective cover 12, and make one end of the moving rod 62 protrude from the protective shell 61 to buckle. Mounted on the end face of the sensing arm 50 so that the sensing arm 50 can drive the spring mechanism 60, as for the sensor 52 for measuring the torque value as shown in Figures 1, 7 and 8, it is locked on the side wall of the shield 12 to make it Facing the end of the sensing arm 50 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the actuation process of the utility model. The torque sensor and the rotational speed sensor can detect the power, which is transmitted to the differential transmission induction mechanism (rotational speed measurement part) by the rider when stepping on the pedal crank. The torque and speed change, and the measured signal is sent to the controller, and the controller can control the motor to output an appropriate speed, and synchronously output power with the manpower to drive the bicycle forward.

Fig. 12 connects the sensor 52 to the controller, and the controllers are respectively connected to two sets of servo motors to be connected to the front and rear derailleurs respectively, so as to achieve the effect of automatic speed change.

The overall usage process is as follows:

When the user steps on the pedal crank 43 to drive the crankshaft 40, it can drive the transmission gear drive arm 34 and the transmission gear 35 to rotate because it can be seen in FIG. The dynamic sensing gear ratchet seat 33, the sensing gear 36, and the sensor 38 also know the rotational speed response through the sensing interface 332 due to a torque differential state; the relationship between them is as described in the following formula:

The rotating speed of sensing gear ratchet seat 33+sensing gear 36=

2 times the rotational speed of transmission gear drive arm 34

However, because the sensing gear 36 is limited by the spring mechanism 60 and the stop block 53 linked by the sensing arm 50, it can only rotate at a small angle, so it can be ignored, forming:

Sensing gear ratchet seat 33=2 times the rotating speed of transmission gear driving arm 34

Continued as shown in Figure 2, the sensing arm 50 and the spring mechanism 60 are driven, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the sensing arm 50 has a yaw displacement, cooperates with the moving rod 62 and the sensing spring 63 to pull back the balance, and the yaw displacement Then the sensor 52 detects and reflects the magnitude of the torsional force.

Next, as shown in Figure 1, the rider steps on the pedal crank 43 to transmit the pedal force to the crank shaft 40, so that the transmission gear drive arm 34 drives the sensing gear ratchet seat 33, and cooperates with the one-way locking of the ratchet 23 and the ratchet seat 22. , and drive the large sprocket spindle 30 to rotate. On the other hand, after the torque sensor 52 and the rotational speed sensor 38 detect the displacement of the sensing arm 50 due to the torque change and the rotational speed of the sensing interface 332, as shown in Figure 11, the signals are sent to the controller, and then the controller After calculation by the internal program, the motor 10 is controlled to output an appropriate output to the reducer A, and the bevel gear 20 of the reducer A and the driving part B is driven by the helical gear shaft 11. function, and can synchronously drive the large sprocket mandrel 30 to rotate with manpower, and then drive the bicycle to advance.

In addition, when the power supply is cut off and only manpower is output, due to the one-way locking of the ratchet 23 and the ratchet seat 22, and the one-way bearing 21, the large toothed disk spindle 30 and the bevel gear 20 are in a disengaged state, and the power can be provided by the large toothed disk. The output of the spindle 30 does not link the reducer A and the motor 10, so that the characteristics of bicycle riding can still be maintained, even if the pedal crank 43 is stepped on backwards, the original riding condition will not be affected.

Claims (10)

1. A sensing device for an electric bicycle, which is located at the junction of the lower tube and the rear lower fork of the electric bicycle, and is protected by a shield around it. The battery box for supplying motor power and related components such as computers and controllers cooperate Fixed on the lower tube, it is characterized in that: A deceleration mechanism, a driving part, and a sensing part are arranged in the chamber formed inside the shield; The deceleration mechanism is formed by setting the spindle of the motor as a helical gear shaft to continuously mesh several gears; The driving part is driven by a reduction mechanism, and the driving part includes bevel gears, one-way bearings, crank shafts, pedal cranks, and large sprocket spindles, among which: A hollow shaft-shaped large sprocket mandrel is used for crankshaft assembly inside, and a sprocket plate is assembled on the outside end. The two ends between the inside of the large sprocket mandrel and the crankshaft are each fitted with a bearing, and the bevel gear is installed inside. The one-way bearing with one-way rotation is set on the outer peripheral side of the large toothed disc mandrel to form a one-way bearing between the large toothed disc mandrel and the bevel gear spacer, and the two ends of the crankshaft protruding from the shield are set with a pedal crank , the other end of the large sprocket mandrel is connected with a sensing gear ratchet seat; The sensing part has a rotating speed measuring part and a torque measuring part. The rotating speed measuring part is set on the ratchet seat of the sensing gear on the outer peripheral side of the adjacent ratchet of the crankshaft, and the outer periphery forms a sensing interface of equal fraction protrusions. The sensing gear The adjacent side of the ratchet seat adjacent to the sensing interface is the meshing surface of the bevel gear. The ratchet seat of the sensing gear is buckled on the crank shaft, and a transmission gear drive arm is installed. The transmission gear drive arm is fixed to the crank shaft, and the transmission gear drives The outer periphery of the arm is connected with a transmission gear, and a bearing is arranged on the crank shaft sleeve adjacent to the transmission gear, and a sensing gear is set on the outer periphery of the bearing. The sensing gear forms a bevel tooth surface at one end to mesh with the transmission gear, The surface is the driving tooth to engage the sensing arm of the torque measuring part; The torque measuring part is installed on the adjacent side of the rotating speed measuring part. The torque measuring part includes a sensing arm and a sensor. The sensing arm is provided with internal teeth on the inner diameter of a ring at one end to mesh with the driving teeth of the sensing gear. The detector is locked on the side wall of the shield, which is located opposite to the end of the sensing arm. 2. The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the sensor for measuring torque and the sensor for measuring rotational speed detect the displacement of the sensing arm due to changes in torque and the rotational speed of the sensing interface , the measured signal is transmitted to the controller, and after calculation by the internal program of the controller, the output of the control motor is suitable for output to the reducer. 3. The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the sensor of the torque measuring part is connected to the controller, each controller is connected to two sets of servo motors, two sets of servo motors Each is connected to the front and rear derailleurs. 4. The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the speed reducer is meshed with another helical gear by the helical gear shaft of the motor, and a helical gear shaft is assembled on a wall of the chamber, and the helical gear shaft is assembled in the accommodating chamber. In the room, a bevel gear shaft is assembled from the adjacent side of the helical gear, and the bevel gear shaft is fixed on a helical gear to mesh with the helical gear shaft. The bevel gear shaft is perpendicular to the bevel gear of the driving part. 5. The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the large sprocket spindle is adjacent to the adjacent side of the bevel gear and fixed with a ratchet seat, and the outer peripheral side of the ratchet seat is pivotally mounted with several ratchets. The pawl can be engaged with the sensing gear ratchet seat of the sensing part and locked. 6 . The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 5 , wherein an inner wall of the ratchet seat of the sensing gear forms an inner ratchet relative to the ratchet. 6 . 7 . The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the position where the driving arm of the transmission gear fits with the crankshaft is respectively provided with a pin groove to cooperate with the pin teeth. 8 . 8 . The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1 , wherein a shaft-shaped pin ring is embedded on the outer periphery of the driving arm of the transmission gear, and the other end of the pin ring is fitted with a bearing and a transmission gear. 9. The sensing device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein a stopper protrudes from the adjacent side of the guard corresponding to the sensing arm to limit the movement angle of the sensing arm, and the guard locks a spring mechanism. 10. The sensing device of electric bicycle according to claim 9, characterized in that: the spring mechanism includes a moving rod with a sensing spring and a spring moving rod, the moving rod penetrates into the sensing spring, and the spring moving rod is screwed It is fixed, and the cover is used to cover the protective shell, so that the protective shell is locked on the protective cover, and one end of the moving rod protrudes from the protective shell to be fastened to the sensing arm.

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