CN223453108U - cooking utensils - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cooker. The cooker comprises a single-layer metal base material, an iron alloy spraying layer and a nitriding treatment layer, wherein the iron alloy spraying layer is arranged on the inner surface of the metal base material, and the nitriding treatment layer is positioned on the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer. According to the cooker provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the iron alloy spraying layer has certain non-tackiness, the base body of the cooker is a single-layer metal base material, the iron alloy spraying layer is arranged on the inner surface of the single-layer metal base material, and when nitriding treatment is carried out on the iron alloy spraying layer, the single-layer metal base material does not have the risk of high-temperature delamination, so that nitrogen atoms in nitriding treatment can enter the deeper part of the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer, the cooker with better nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, non-tackiness and the like can be improved.

Description

Cooking utensils

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of kitchen appliances, in particular to a cooker.

Background

At present, in order to ensure uniform heat conduction (avoiding scorching and sticking of a pot with too high local temperature) and corrosion resistance of the formed cookware when the cookware is not coated and not stuck, a composite base material is generally adopted, then a non-stick material is sprayed on the surface of the composite base material, and nitriding treatment is carried out, so that the cookware with better non-stick property and corrosion resistance is obtained. However, the composite base material is poor in temperature resistance and is liable to be layered, so that nitriding effects of the rust-preventive cooker formed of the composite base material are general, and thus performances of various aspects of the cooker are affected.

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a cooker having a good nitriding treatment effect.

Disclosure of utility model

Accordingly, an object of the present utility model is to provide a cooker to solve the general problem of nitriding effects of a cooker formed of a composite substrate.

According to the present utility model, there is provided a cooker, wherein the cooker comprises a single layer of a metal base material, an iron alloy spray coating layer provided on an inner surface of the metal base material, and a nitriding treatment layer provided on a surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating layer.

According to the cooker provided by the embodiment of the application, the cooker is manufactured by selecting a single-layer metal base material and forming the iron alloy spraying layer on the single-layer metal base material, and the iron alloy spraying layer on the single-layer metal base material has a relatively thin thickness, and has strong binding force and relatively small stress with the single-layer metal base material, so that the cooker can bear the high temperature required by nitriding, and the risk of layering at the high temperature is avoided. Therefore, high-temperature nitrogen atoms in nitriding treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating, so that a cooker with a good nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, non-tackiness and the like can be improved.

In some embodiments, the cooker further comprises an oxidation treatment layer, wherein the oxidation treatment layer is disposed on a surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer and serves as an inner surface of the cooker. Therefore, the oxidation treatment layer can ensure the stability of the surface of the cooker, and the inner surface of the cooker presents a darker appearance relative to metal, so that the problem of local color difference of the cooker in the subsequent use process is avoided, and the use experience of a user is ensured. In addition, the oxidation treatment layer on the surface can also improve the corrosion resistance of the cooker.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating comprises a titanium iron alloy spray coating, and after nitriding, the nitrided layer comprises iron nitride and titanium nitride, which have a certain hardness, which can make the nitrided layer more wear resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms can enter lattices of iron and titanium to cause lattice distortion, so that the whole nitriding treatment layer presents amorphism, and the nitriding treatment layer can be remarkably improved in various aspects of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-tackiness, aesthetic property and the like.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating is a ferrotitanium spray coating, and after oxidation treatment, the oxidation treatment layer comprises ferroferric oxide and titanium oxide, wherein the ferroferric oxide and the titanium oxide have certain hardness and darker colors, so that the oxidation treatment layer is more wear-resistant and dirt-resistant. In addition, when the oxidation treatment layer contains both ferroferric oxide and titanium oxide, the two components can cooperate with each other, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be further enhanced.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating is a plasma layer, and the plasma layer has good compactness and uniformity, so that the corrosion resistance and the thermal conductivity of the cooker can be further improved.

In some embodiments, the particles forming the iron alloy spray coating have a particle size of 300 mesh to 500 mesh, and thus, the iron alloy spray coating having relatively small porosity and uniform pore distribution can be formed by particle packing.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating is d2, wherein 30 microns d2 is less than or equal to 80 microns. If the thickness of the iron alloy sprayed layer is too thick, collapse may be affected by thermal stress during nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the iron alloy sprayed layer is too thin, uniformity of the process is difficult to control, and the iron alloy sprayed layer is liable to be locally exposed or the thickness of the iron alloy sprayed layer is liable to be uneven. In the above thickness range, the iron alloy spray coating can have a sufficient thickness for nitrogen permeation and form a nitriding treatment layer with a certain depth, and the depth of the nitriding treatment layer can directly determine the thickness of the nitride film, thereby affecting the corrosion resistance and non-tackiness of the cooker.

In some embodiments, the nitriding layer is formed to a depth d3, where d3 is 8 microns or less and d3 is 20 microns or less, so that the durability of the nitriding effect can be improved without negatively affecting the metal substrate.

In some embodiments, the oxidation treatment layer is formed to a depth d4, where 3 microns d4 is less than or equal to 6 microns, which can improve the durability of the oxidation effect without adversely affecting the substrate.

In some embodiments, the cooker further comprises a heat conducting layer arranged on the outer surface of the metal substrate, so that heat can be quickly and uniformly transmitted inwards, and the cooking efficiency of the cooker is ensured.

In some embodiments, the thermally conductive layer comprises a metal or copper layer having a high thermal conductivity that is capable of transferring heat faster to ensure that the cookware reaches the desired temperature for cooking in a very short period of time, and/or a thickness d5, wherein 80 microns d5 is less than or equal to 500 microns, within which the thermally conductive layer is capable of efficiently transferring heat from a heat source (e.g., a heating element of an induction cooker) to the cooking surface of the cookware while avoiding heat accumulation and energy increases resulting from an excessively thick thermally conductive layer to ensure optimal thermal conduction and structural strength.

In some embodiments, the cookware further comprises a magnetically permeable layer disposed on an outer surface of the metal substrate.

In these embodiments, by providing a magnetically permeable layer, the cookware can be adapted to a greater number of heat source types (induction cookers or open fires) so that the cookware can meet the usage requirements of a greater number of users.

In some embodiments, the magnetically permeable layer comprises an iron layer, a cobalt layer, or a nickel layer, wherein the iron layer has good magnetic permeability and relatively low electrical resistivity and is capable of efficiently converting electromagnetic energy into thermal energy in response to a magnetic field generated by an electromagnetic heat source. The cobalt layer has high permeability and saturation magnetization and can exhibit superior properties to iron. The nickel layer has ferromagnetism and excellent corrosion resistance. And/or the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer is d6, wherein d6 is less than or equal to 300 micrometers and less than or equal to 500 micrometers, if the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer is too thick, the magnetically permeable layer may collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer is too thin, the magnetically permeable layer may not be magnetically permeable due to excessive electrical resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetically permeable layer is capable of providing sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by an external electromagnetic heat source and to generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. In addition, the proper thickness facilitates uniform distribution and rapid transfer of heat inside the magnetically conductive layer, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency of the cooker. In addition, too thick a magnetically permeable layer may increase material and processing costs, while too thin a layer may not meet performance requirements, and selecting this thickness range may allow for efficient cost control while ensuring performance. And/or, the magnetic conduction layer is arranged on the bottom wall of the metal base material and is in a circular shape with the diameter not smaller than 10cm, if the diameter of the magnetic conduction layer is too small, the induction power is too low, or the magnetic conduction cannot be conducted, if the diameter of the magnetic conduction layer is too large, the cost is wasted, and the collapse risk of the magnetic conduction layer is increased in the side wall area of the cooker.

In some embodiments, the cooker further includes a protective layer covering an outer side of the magnetically permeable layer.

In these embodiments, by providing the protective layer on the outer side of the magnetically permeable layer, not only the service life of the magnetically permeable layer can be significantly improved, but also various potential risks can be effectively avoided, for example, the risk of magnetic leakage of the magnetically permeable layer can be avoided, and rapid temperature rise and even burnout of the magnetically permeable layer due to direct contact with a high temperature heat source can be prevented.

In some embodiments, the protective layer includes a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer, and the organic coating layer has better adhesion and a certain weather resistance, and can be tightly attached to the surface of the magnetically permeable layer to form a uniform protective film. The protective layer is attractive in appearance, and the appearance characteristics such as color, glossiness and the like of the protective layer can be adjusted according to the needs, so that the diversified aesthetic requirements of users are met. And/or the thickness of the protective layer is d7, wherein d7 is more than or equal to 15 micrometers and less than or equal to 30 micrometers, and in the thickness range, the protective layer can provide enough physical and chemical protection, effectively resist the corrosion of the external environment, and simultaneously maintain good adhesive force and strength.

In some embodiments, the metal substrate is a magnesium substrate, an aluminum substrate, a carbon steel substrate, a titanium substrate, or a stainless steel substrate, and the types of substrates for cookware are many, and the required type of cookware can be manufactured based on actual needs. And/or the thickness of the metal base material is d1, wherein d1 is more than or equal to 1.2 mm and less than or equal to 2.0 mm, and the metal base material can balance the strength, weight, transmission efficiency and other aspects of the manufactured cooker in the thickness range and bear the technological requirements of manufacturing the cooker. For example, in the course of manufacturing cookware, if the thickness of the metal base material is too thin, it is easily deformed by high temperature at the time of nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the metal base material is too thick, the manufactured cookware is too heavy and affects the heat conduction effect.

In some embodiments, the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate or a 316 stainless steel substrate, and the two materials have better corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and hardness, so that the cooker has good rust resistance, proper mechanical strength and reliability in the later use process.

Drawings

The above and other objects and features of the present utility model will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a cooker according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at I in fig. 1.

Symbol description

10. A metal substrate;

20. 31, nitriding treatment layer, 32, oxidizing treatment layer;

40. 50 parts of heat conduction layer, 60 parts of magnetic conduction layer and a protective layer.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example and is not limited to those set forth herein, but may be altered as will be apparent after an understanding of the disclosure of the utility model, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided to illustrate only some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein, many of which will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the listed items associated as well as any combination of any two or more.

Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples described herein may also be referred to as a second member, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion without departing from the teachings of the examples.

In the description, when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, "connected to" or "mounted to" the other element, it can be directly "on" the other element, be directly "connected to" or be "mounted to" the other element, or one or more other elements intervening therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected to" or "directly mounted to" another element, there may be no other element intervening elements present.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. Singular forms also are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" specify the presence of stated features, amounts, operations, components, elements, and/or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, amounts, operations, components, elements, and/or combinations thereof. The term "plurality" means two and any number of more than two.

The definition of the azimuth words such as "upper", "lower" and "inner", "outer" in the present utility model are all defined based on the azimuth of the cooker in the normal use state as a reference. This manner of definition will help ensure that the reader or user is able to clearly understand the relative positional relationships of the various components and functions, and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. Unless explicitly so defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be construed to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and the present utility model and should not be interpreted idealized or overly formal.

In addition, in the description of the examples, when it is considered that detailed descriptions of well-known related components or functions will cause ambiguous explanation of the present utility model, such detailed descriptions will be omitted.

At present, in order to ensure uniform heat conduction (to avoid scorching and sticking of a pot at a local temperature) and corrosion resistance of the formed cookware when manufacturing non-stick cookware without coating, a composite substrate (hot rolled from two or more different metal plates having a thickness of the order of millimeters) is generally adopted, and then a non-stick material is plasma sprayed on the surface of the composite substrate, and nitriding treatment is performed to obtain cookware with good non-stick and corrosion resistance. However, the composite substrate is poor in temperature resistance. The inventors have found that delamination of the composite substrate typically occurs above 480 ℃ and that nitriding treatment typically requires temperatures above 560 ℃ to achieve good nitriding results, and that the nitriding temperature of the composite substrate is limited such that the nitriding results of the rust resistant cookware formed from the composite substrate are generally such that the performance of the cookware in various aspects is affected.

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a cooker having a good nitriding treatment effect.

According to the present application, the cooker is manufactured by selecting a single-layered metal substrate 10 and forming thereon a micro-sized thickness of the iron alloy spray coating, which can withstand the high temperature required for nitriding without risk of delamination at high temperature due to the strong bonding force and small stress of the iron alloy spray coating with the single-layered metal substrate 10. Therefore, nitrogen atoms at high temperature of nitriding treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating 20, so that a cooker with good nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, non-tackiness and the like can be improved.

A cooker provided by an embodiment of the present utility model will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a cooker, wherein, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the cooker includes a single layer of a metal base material 10, a ferroalloy sprayed layer 20, and a nitriding treatment layer 31, wherein the ferroalloy sprayed layer 20 is provided on an inner surface of the metal base material 10, and the nitriding treatment layer 31 is located on a surface layer of the ferroalloy sprayed layer 20.

According to the cooker provided by the embodiment of the application, the cooker is manufactured by selecting a single-layer metal base material 10 and forming the iron alloy spraying layer on the single-layer metal base material 10, and the iron alloy spraying layer on the single-layer metal base material 10 has strong bonding force and small stress, so that the cooker can bear high temperature required by nitriding, and the risk of layering at high temperature does not exist. Therefore, nitrogen atoms at high temperature of nitriding treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating 20, so that a cooker with good nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, non-tackiness and the like can be improved.

According to the present application, the metal base material 10 has a basic structure including a receiving cavity formed by drawing or spinning a metal material. Here, the metal base material may be composed of a single metal element such as iron, magnesium, titanium, aluminum, or the like, or an alloy composed of a plurality of metal elements such as stainless steel (an alloy of elements such as iron, chromium, nickel, or the like), an aluminum alloy (an alloy of elements such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, or the like), or the like.

In some embodiments, the metal substrate 10 is a magnesium substrate, an aluminum substrate, a carbon steel substrate, a titanium substrate, or a stainless steel substrate, and the types of substrates for cookware are many, and the desired type of cookware can be manufactured based on actual needs.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the metal substrate 10 is d1, wherein 1.2 mm≤d1≤2.0 mm, and the metal substrate is within this thickness range, and can balance various aspects of strength, weight, and transfer efficiency of the manufactured cooker, and bear the technological requirements of cooker manufacturing. For example, in the course of manufacturing the cooker, if the thickness of the metal base material 10 is too thin, it is easily deformed by high temperature at the time of nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the metal base material 10 is too thick, the manufactured cooker is excessively heavy and affects the heat conduction effect.

In some embodiments, the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate or a 316 stainless steel substrate, and the two materials have better corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and hardness, so that the cooker has good rust resistance, proper mechanical strength and reliability in the later use process.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a titanium iron alloy spray coating, and the nitrided layer 31 includes iron nitride and titanium nitride, which have a certain hardness, which can make the nitrided layer 31 more wear resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms can enter lattices of iron and titanium to cause lattice distortion, so that the whole nitriding treatment layer 31 presents amorphism, and the nitriding treatment layer 31 can be obviously improved in various aspects of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-tackiness, aesthetic property and the like.

In other embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a stainless steel layer, and the nitrided layer 31 includes iron nitride, which has a certain hardness, so that the nitrided layer 31 is more wear-resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms enter the crystal lattice of iron, causing lattice distortion, so that the entire nitrided layer 31 exhibits amorphism, and thus the nitrided layer 31 can be significantly improved in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-tackiness, and aesthetic properties.

In some embodiments, the nitrided layer 31 has a depth that can enhance the durability of the nitriding effect without negatively affecting the metal substrate 10, and by way of example, the nitrided layer 31 is formed to a depth d3, where 8 microns d 320 microns.

According to the present application, the cooker further includes an oxidation treatment layer 32, wherein the oxidation treatment layer 32 is provided on the surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer 31 and serves as the inner surface of the cooker. In this way, the oxidation treatment layer 32 can ensure the stability of the surface of the cooker, and can enable the inner surface of the cooker to present a darker appearance relative to metal, so as to avoid the problem of local chromatic aberration of the cooker in the subsequent use process, and further ensure the use experience of users. In addition, the surface oxidation treatment layer 32 can also improve the corrosion resistance of the cooker.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray 20 is a titanium iron alloy spray, and the oxidation treatment 32 comprises ferroferric oxide and titanium oxide, which have a certain hardness and a darker color, which can make the oxidation treatment 32 more wear and dirt resistant. In addition, when the oxidation treatment layer 32 contains both ferroferric oxide and titanium oxide, the two components can cooperate with each other, and wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be further enhanced. Specifically, the ferroferric oxide and titanium oxide may significantly improve the abrasion resistance of the oxidation treatment layer 32, making it more durable. At the same time, the two components also improve the corrosion resistance of the oxidation treatment layer 32 to some extent, thereby prolonging its service life.

In other embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a stainless steel layer, and after nitriding, the nitrided layer 31 includes ferroferric oxide, which has a certain hardness, so that the nitrided layer 31 is more wear-resistant, has a certain lipophilicity, and can meet the requirement of the cooker on non-tackiness. In addition, nitrogen atoms enter the crystal lattice of iron, causing lattice distortion, so that the entire nitrided layer 31 exhibits amorphism, thereby making the nitrided layer 31 more excellent in various aspects of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-tackiness, and aesthetic properties.

In some embodiments, the oxidation treatment layer 32 has a depth that enhances the durability of the oxidation effect without negatively affecting the substrate, and by way of example, the oxidation treatment layer 32 is formed to a depth d4, where 3 microns d4 microns 6 microns.

According to the present application, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a ferrotitanium spray coating. According to the present application, the iron alloy spray coating may be made of an iron alloy material, and as an example, in the case where the iron alloy spray coating is a ferrotitanium spray coating, it is formed of a ferrotitanium material. Of course, the present iron alloy spray coating is not limited thereto and those skilled in the art can select other suitable materials to form the iron alloy spray coating of the present application in light of the teachings of the present application. The material forming the iron alloy spray coating layer is a conventional iron alloy material.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a plasma layer, and the iron alloy spray coating 20 is formed by plasma spraying of an iron alloy material, so that the compactness and uniformity of the formed iron alloy spray coating 20 can be ensured, and the corrosion resistance and the thermal conductivity of the cooker are further improved.

In some embodiments, the particles forming the iron alloy spray 20 have a particle size of 300 mesh to 500 mesh, and thus, the iron alloy spray 20 having relatively small porosity and uniform pore distribution can be formed by particle packing.

According to the present application, the thickness of the iron alloy spray 20 is in the order of micrometers, and a relatively small stress can be obtained by a thicker thickness, so that the possibility of delamination can be further reduced, and lighter weight of the cooker structure can be formed. In some embodiments, the thickness of the iron alloy spray 20 is d2, where 30 microns d2 is 80 microns. If the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating 20 is too thick, collapse may be affected by thermal stress during nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating 20 is too thin, uniformity of the process is difficult to control, and the iron alloy spray coating 20 is liable to be locally exposed or the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating is liable to be uneven. Within the above thickness range, the iron alloy spray 20 can have a sufficient thickness for nitrogen permeation and form a nitriding layer of a certain depth, and the depth of the nitriding layer can directly determine the thickness of the nitride film, thereby affecting the corrosion resistance and non-tackiness of the cooker.

The inner layer structure provided on the inner surface of the metal base material 10 according to the present application is described above, and in the present application, the cooker further includes the outer layer structure provided on the outer surface of the metal base material 10, and hereinafter, the outer layer structure according to the present application will be described in connection with specific embodiments.

According to the application, the outer layer structure of the cooker is designed to have a double layer structure or a triple layer structure, wherein two structural forms aim to optimize the heat conduction efficiency and cooking performance of the cooker. In the double-layered structure, the outer coating layer is formed by combining the magnetically conductive layer 50 and the protective layer 60, wherein the magnetically conductive layer 50 is a main component of the cooker to obtain heat when the external heat source is an electromagnetic heat source (e.g., an induction cooker). The magnetically permeable layer 50 is typically made of a ferromagnetic material, such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or alloys thereof, that is capable of generating magnetically induced currents, i.e., eddy currents, in a magnetic field to convert electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. The protective layer 60 is located over the magnetically permeable layer 50 and primarily serves to protect the magnetically permeable layer 50 from corrosion, abrasion and scratches. The protective layer 60 may be made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant material such as ceramic, glass-ceramic, teflon, or other synthetic material. In the three-layer structure, the outer coating layer includes a heat conductive layer 40 disposed between the magnetically conductive layer 50 and the metal base material 10 in addition to the magnetically conductive layer 50 and the protective layer 60, and the heat conductive layer 40 serves to more rapidly and uniformly transfer heat to the food material located inside the cooker. By way of example, the thermally conductive layer 40 is typically made of a material of high thermal conductivity, such as copper, a metal, or an alloy thereof. These materials can rapidly absorb heat generated by the magnetically conductive layer 50 and uniformly transfer the heat to the metal base 10 and the inside of the cooker, remarkably improve the heat conduction efficiency of the cooker, shorten the heating time, and make the food material heated more uniformly.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the cooker further comprises a magnetically permeable layer 50, the magnetically permeable layer 50 being disposed on the outer surface of the metal substrate 10. Specifically, on the bottom wall region of the metal base material 10.

In these embodiments, by providing magnetically permeable layer 50, the cookware can be adapted to a greater number of heat source types (induction cookers or open fires) so that the cookware can meet the use requirements of greater numbers of users.

In some embodiments, magnetically permeable layer 50 comprises an iron layer, cobalt layer, or nickel layer, wherein the iron layer has good magnetic permeability and relatively low resistivity and is capable of efficiently converting electromagnetic energy into thermal energy in response to a magnetic field generated by an electromagnetic heat source, and may be, for example, 430 stainless steel. The cobalt layer has high permeability and saturation magnetization and can exhibit superior properties to iron. The nickel layer has ferromagnetism and excellent corrosion resistance. Of course, the magnetically permeable layer according to the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select other suitable materials as the material of the magnetically permeable layer of the present application under the teachings of the present application.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is d6, where 300 microns d6 is 500 microns. If the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too thick, it may collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too thin, it may be impossible to conduct magnetic due to excessive electrical resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetically permeable layer 50 is capable of providing sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by an external electromagnetic heat source and to generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. In addition, the proper thickness facilitates uniform distribution and rapid transfer of heat inside the magnetically conductive layer, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency of the cooker. In addition, too thick a magnetically permeable layer may increase material and processing costs, while too thin a layer may not meet performance requirements, and selecting this thickness range may allow for efficient cost control while ensuring performance.

In some embodiments, the magnetically permeable layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal substrate 10 and has a circular shape with a diameter of not less than 10cm, and if the diameter of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too small, the inductive power is too low or the magnetically permeable layer is not conductive, and if the diameter of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too large, the cost is wasted, and the sidewall area of the cooker is made to increase the risk of collapse of the magnetically permeable layer.

In some embodiments, the magnetically conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal substrate 10 and has a circular shape with a diameter not less than 10cm, and the circularly designed magnetically conductive layer 50 located on the bottom wall of the cooker can ensure that the bottom of the cooker can completely cover the heating area of the electromagnetic heat source, thereby achieving a uniform heating effect. In addition, the circular magnetically permeable layer is more easily matched with the bottom wall of the cooker (the bottom wall of the cooker is generally circular), is more attractive and compatible, and meets the aesthetic requirements of most users.

In some embodiments, the cooker further includes a protective layer 60, the protective layer 60 covering the outside of the magnetically permeable layer 50.

In these embodiments, by providing the protective layer 60 on the outside of the magnetically permeable layer 50, not only can the service life of the magnetically permeable layer be significantly improved, but also various potential risks can be effectively avoided, for example, the risk of magnetic leakage of the magnetically permeable layer 50 can be avoided, and rapid temperature rise or even burnout of the magnetically permeable layer due to direct contact with a high temperature heat source can be prevented.

In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 includes a metal oxide layer or an organic paint layer, where the metal oxide layer is a ferroferric oxide layer or a titanium oxide layer, as examples. The metal oxide layer has good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness, and can effectively resist the corrosion of the external environment, thereby providing good protection for the magnetic conductive layer 50. In addition, the metal oxide also has good magnetic shielding performance, and can further reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage phenomenon. In addition, the pores of the metal oxide layer according to the present application can be filled with grease, so that it is possible to prevent corrosive media from penetrating into the cooker through the pores to rust them.

As an example, the organic coating layer may be a fluorine coating layer or a ceramic coating layer, and has good adhesion and a certain weather resistance, and can be tightly attached to the surface of the magnetic conductive layer 50 to form a uniform protective film. The protective layer is attractive in appearance, and the appearance characteristics such as color, glossiness and the like of the protective layer can be adjusted according to the needs, so that the diversified aesthetic requirements of users are met. In the preferred embodiment, the protective layer 60 is a metal oxide layer that can facilitate a black appearance of the cookware, is resistant to dirt and abrasion, and can provide some anti-slip effect to the cookware when in use.

In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 has a thickness d7, where 15 microns d7 microns 30 microns. Within this thickness range, the protective layer 60 can provide adequate physical and chemical protection, effectively resisting attack by the external environment, while maintaining good adhesion and strength.

According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the cooker further includes a heat conductive layer 40, the heat conductive layer 40 being disposed on the outer surface of the metal base material 10, the heat conductive layer being capable of rapidly and uniformly transmitting heat inward, ensuring cooking efficiency. Wherein, in case that the cooker includes the heat conductive layer 40, the heat conductive layer 40 is located between the metal base material 10 and the magnetic conductive layer 50, so that, in case of use on the induction cooker, when the cooker obtains heat energy through the magnetic conductive layer, the heat can be rapidly and uniformly transferred inward through the heat conductive layer, ensuring cooking efficiency.

In some embodiments, the thermally conductive layer 40 comprises a metal layer or a copper layer, although thermally conductive layers according to the present application are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select other suitable thermally conductive layers 40 in light of the teachings of the present application. Here, the metal layer or copper layer has high thermal conductivity, and can transfer heat more quickly, ensuring that the cooker reaches a temperature required for cooking in an extremely short time.

In some embodiments, the thermally conductive layer 40 has a thickness d5, where 80 microns d5 is less than or equal to 500 microns. Within this thickness range, the thermally conductive layer is able to efficiently transfer heat from a heat source (e.g., a heating element of an induction cooker) to the cooking surface of the cooker while avoiding heat accumulation and increased energy consumption caused by excessively thick thermally conductive layers to ensure optimal thermal conduction effect and structural strength.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooker includes an inner layer structure provided on an inner surface of a cooker base and an outer layer structure provided on an outer surface of the cooker base, wherein the inner layer structure includes a single layer of a metal base 10, a ferroalloy sprayed layer 20, and a nitriding treatment layer 31, wherein the ferroalloy sprayed layer 20 is provided on the inner surface of the metal base 10, and the nitriding treatment layer 31 is located on a surface layer of the ferroalloy sprayed layer 20. The inner layer structure further includes an oxidation treatment layer 32, wherein the oxidation treatment layer 32 is disposed on the surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer 31 and serves as the inner surface of the cooker. The outer layer structure includes a thermally conductive layer 40, the thermally conductive layer 40 being disposed on an outer surface of the metal substrate 10. The outer layer structure further comprises a magnetic conduction layer 50 and a protection layer 60, wherein the magnetic conduction layer 50 covers the outer side of the heat conduction layer 40, and the protection layer 60 covers the outer side of the magnetic conduction layer 50.

According to the present application, there is provided a manufacturing method of a cooker, wherein the manufacturing method of the cooker includes:

in step S101, a single layer of the metal substrate 10 is provided.

Step S102, forming the iron alloy spray coating 20 on the inner surface of the metal base material 10.

Step S103, nitriding the iron alloy spray coating 20 to form a nitrided layer 31 on the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating 20.

In the embodiment of the application, the temperature of the nitriding treatment process is 560 ℃ to 600 ℃ and the nitriding time is 3h to 6h.

In step S104, the oxidation process is continued to form the oxidation process layer 32 on the surface layer of the nitriding process layer 31.

In the embodiment of the application, the oxidation temperature of the oxidation treatment is 450-500 ℃ and the oxidation time is 1.5-3 h.

According to the manufacturing method of the cooker of the application, the iron alloy spraying layer 20 has certain non-tackiness, the base body of the cooker is a single-layer metal base material 10, the iron alloy spraying layer 20 is arranged on the inner surface of the metal base material 10, when the nitriding treatment is carried out on the iron alloy spraying layer 20, the single-layer metal base material 10 does not have the risk of high-temperature delamination, and can bear the high temperature required by nitriding, so that high-temperature nitrogen atoms of the nitriding treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer 20, the cooker with better nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in various aspects such as corrosion resistance, non-tackiness and the like can be improved.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a cooker according to the present application will be described in connection with specific embodiments.

Providing a metal substrate

According to the present application, the metal base material has a basic structure including a receiving cavity formed by drawing or spinning a metal material. In some embodiments, the metal substrate has a thickness d1, where 1.2 mm≤d1≤2.0 mm, which reduces the weight of the finally manufactured cookware.

In some embodiments, the inner or outer surface of the metal substrate has a roughness of 3 μm to 6 μm. By way of example, the metal substrate is provided with a roughened structure having a surface formation roughness of 3 μm to 6 μm by subjecting the metal substrate to a sanding treatment. The roughness can promote the binding force between the inner layer structure and the outer layer structure and the metal base material, so as to further promote the overall binding force of each layer thereon.

Forming a spray coating of iron alloy

According to some embodiments of the present application, a ferroalloy material is cold sprayed to form a ferroalloy sprayed layer on a metal substrate, and in particular, the ferroalloy material is accelerated to a supersonic state using a high pressure gas (such as nitrogen, helium, etc.), and then impacted against the surface of the metal substrate. During the impact, the iron alloy material is subjected to large plastic deformation due to the huge impact energy, and forms metallurgical bonding or mechanical bonding with the surface of the metal substrate, so that a compact stacking layer is deposited on the substrate to serve as an iron alloy spraying layer. Wherein the metallurgical bonding is achieved by atomic diffusion and chemical reaction between the iron alloy material and the metal substrate, and the mechanical bonding is achieved by plastic deformation of the iron alloy material and embedding into the substrate surface. Both of these combinations provide a strong coating adhesion. In addition, the iron alloy spray coating formed by cold spraying has excellent performances such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability and the like. These improvements in performance have led to the use of metal substrates in more areas and have increased their useful life.

According to a specific example, the parameters of the cold spraying process can be that the cold spraying carrier gas is nitrogen, the carrier gas pressure is 10MPa-15MPa, the preheating temperature is 200-350 ℃, the spraying distance is 25-30 mm, the powder feeding speed is 10-80 g/min, the spray gun moving speed is 1-3 mm/s, and the substrate rotating speed is 80r/min-100r/min.

According to other embodiments of the present application, the plasma spraying is performed to form a ferroalloy sprayed layer on the metal substrate, specifically, the ferroalloy sprayed layer is formed by plasma with a ferroalloy material. In some embodiments, parameters of plasma spraying the process parameters of plasma spraying can be that the current is 80A-100A, the voltage is 60V-90V, the flow of main gas (argon) is 1200L/h-1800L/h, the flow of hydrogen is 40L/h-100L/h, the flow of powder feeding is 400L/h-600L/h, the powder feeding is 50g/min-100g/min, the distance between the spray nozzle and the workpiece is 10cm-15cm, the spray angle is 45-80 degrees, and the temperature of the workpiece is normal temperature.

In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating is formed from an iron alloy material, which may be spherical or ellipsoidal particles, so that a denser iron alloy spray coating can be formed by spherical close packing. As an example, the iron alloy material is in the form of particles, the particle size of which is in the range of 300 mesh-500 mesh. Particles in this size range can both retain sufficient kinetic energy to deform upon impact with the metal substrate and have good bonding with the metal substrate, and ensure uniformity and densification of the resulting iron alloy spray coating 20.

Forming a magnetically conductive layer and a protective layer

According to the application, the method of manufacturing cookware further comprises sandblasting the outer surface of the metal substrate, this step being aimed at enhancing the roughness of the surface, providing a better adhesion basis for the subsequent placement of the magnetically permeable layer.

According to the present application, the method of manufacturing a cooker further includes forming a magnetically permeable layer on an outer surface of the metal substrate, in particular, spraying an iron wire, a cobalt wire or a nickel wire to form the magnetically permeable layer on the outer surface of the metal substrate, so that the cooker can be used on an induction cooker.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is d6, where 300 microns d6 is 500 microns. If the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too thick, it may collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too thin, it may be impossible to conduct magnetic due to excessive electrical resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetically permeable layer 50 is capable of providing sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by an external electromagnetic heat source and to generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. In addition, the proper thickness facilitates uniform distribution and rapid transfer of heat inside the magnetically permeable layer, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, selecting this thickness range can achieve cost effective control while ensuring performance. Too thick a magnetically permeable layer may increase material and processing costs, while too thin a layer may not meet performance requirements.

In some embodiments, the magnetically permeable layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal substrate 10 and has a circular shape with a diameter of not less than 10cm, and if the diameter of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too small, the inductive power is too low or the magnetically permeable layer is not conductive, and if the diameter of the magnetically permeable layer 50 is too large, the cost is wasted, and the sidewall area of the cooker is made to increase the risk of collapse of the magnetically permeable layer. In this embodiment, the bottom wall of the cooker is generally circular, the magnetic conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal substrate 10 and is circular with a diameter not smaller than 10cm, and the magnetic conductive layer 50 in circular design located on the bottom wall of the cooker can ensure that the bottom of the cooker can completely cover the heating area of the electromagnetic heat source, thereby achieving a uniform heating effect. In addition, the circular magnetically permeable layer is easier to match with cooker bottoms of various shapes, is more attractive and compatible, and meets the aesthetic requirements of most users.

According to the application, the method of manufacturing a cooker further comprises providing a protective layer on the outside of the magnetically permeable layer, in particular, spraying a wire to provide a protective layer on the outside of the magnetically permeable layer. As an example, the thickness of the protective layer may be 0.3mm-0.5mm, and the diameter of the wire may be 1.5mm-2.0mm, by arc spraying.

In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 includes a metal oxide layer or an organic paint layer, where the metal oxide layer is a ferroferric oxide layer or a titanium oxide layer, as examples. The metal oxide layer has good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness, and can effectively resist the corrosion of the external environment, thereby providing solid protection for the magnetic conductive layer 50. In addition, the metal oxide also has good magnetic shielding performance, and can further reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage phenomenon. In addition, the pores of the metal oxide layer according to the present application can be filled with grease, so that it is possible to prevent corrosive media from penetrating into the cooker through the pores to rust them. As an example, the organic coating layer may be a fluorine coating layer or a ceramic coating layer, and has good adhesion and a certain weather resistance, and can be tightly attached to the surface of the magnetic conductive layer 50 to form a uniform protective film. The protective layer is attractive in appearance, and the appearance characteristics such as color, glossiness and the like of the protective layer can be adjusted according to the needs, so that the diversified aesthetic requirements of users are met. In the preferred embodiment, the protective layer 60 is a metal oxide layer that can facilitate a black appearance of the cookware, is resistant to dirt and abrasion, and can provide some anti-slip effect to the cookware when in use.

In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 has a thickness d7, where 15 microns d7 microns 30 microns. Within this thickness range, the protective layer 60 can provide adequate physical and chemical protection, effectively resisting attack by the external environment, while maintaining good adhesion and strength.

In these embodiments, the protective layer may prevent the magnetically permeable layer from contacting the corrosive medium, ensuring the useful life of the magnetically permeable layer.

Nitriding treatment

According to the present application, after the above layers are obtained, the manufacturing method of the cooker further includes a step of performing nitriding treatment by which the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating can be made to include the nitriding treatment layer. Specifically, the iron alloy spray coating is placed in a nitriding furnace, nitrogen is introduced, and nitriding reaction is performed at a set temperature. In the nitriding process, nitrogen atoms can chemically react with the surface of the iron alloy spray coating to generate iron nitride (Fe ₃ N), so that a nitriding treatment layer is formed on the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating. In the case where the iron alloy sprayed layer is preferably a titanium iron alloy sprayed layer, the nitriding layer may include titanium nitride (TiN) in addition to iron nitride (Fe ₃ N).

The specific steps include, prior to nitriding, first, preheating the cookware with the iron alloy spray coating. The preheating aims to mainly reduce the thermal stress generated when the cooker suddenly enters the high-temperature nitriding furnace and avoid deformation or damage of the cooker due to thermal expansion and cold contraction. Then, putting the preheated cooker with the iron alloy spray coating into a nitriding furnace, setting the temperature of the nitriding furnace to be 560 ℃ to 600 ℃ and the pressure to be 0.05MPa to 0.1MPa, and simultaneously introducing nitrogen for 3h to 6h to chemically react with iron elements on the surface of the iron alloy spray coating to generate hard compounds such as iron nitride (Fe ₃ N).

In these examples, the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating may be formed into a dense nitrided layer having extremely high hardness by nitriding treatment, which may significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cooker coating. In addition, the nitriding treatment layer can effectively prevent the residual iron alloy spray coating layer from being in direct contact with corrosive substances in the external environment, so that the occurrence of corrosion reaction is slowed down or prevented, and the corrosion resistance of the cooker is improved.

The content of each component of the nitrided layer after nitriding treatment is not particularly required in the application, and a person skilled in the art can perform nitriding treatment on the ferroalloy spray coating for a certain time under a certain nitrogen atom concentration under the teaching of the application, so that the nitrided layer according to the application can be obtained.

Oxidation treatment

According to the present application, the method for manufacturing a cooker further includes a step of performing an oxidation treatment, by which the oxidation treatment layer 32 is formed to be oxidized with iron atoms or the like of the surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer, and the oxidation treatment layer 32 has a certain lipophilicity, so that the non-tackiness of the cooker can be further improved, and other properties of the cooker, such as appearance, corrosion resistance, etc., can be further improved.

As a specific example, a cookware base having a nitrided layer was placed in an oxygen permeation furnace. The furnace temperature of the oxygen permeation furnace is regulated to 450-500 ℃. Distilled water is continuously introduced into the oxygen permeation furnace at a flow rate of 10g/s to 15g/s for a duration of 1.5h to 3h. After the oxidation treatment layer was formed, the supply of distilled water was stopped. The furnace temperature was reduced to 50 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2 ℃/min to 4 ℃/min. The oxidation-treated layer was gradually cooled to room temperature.

According to the present application, the oxidation treatment layer is generally darker in color, can provide good external appearance assurance for the cooker, and in addition, the oxidation treatment layer can significantly improve the non-sticking property, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the cooker.

The content of each component of the oxidized layer after the oxidation treatment is not particularly limited in the present application, and those skilled in the art can perform the oxidation treatment on the nitrided layer for a certain time under a certain oxygen atom concentration in the teaching of the present application, so that the oxidized layer according to the present application can be obtained.

Although embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail hereinabove, various modifications and variations may be made to the embodiments of the utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. It will be appreciated that those skilled in the art will appreciate that such modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A cooker, characterized in that the cooker comprises: a single-layer metal substrate (10); An iron alloy spray coating (20) is provided on the inner surface of the metal substrate (10); A nitriding treatment layer (31), the nitriding treatment layer (31) is located on the surface of the ferroalloy sprayed layer (20). 2. The cooker according to claim 1, further comprising: An oxidation-treated layer (32), wherein the oxidation-treated layer (32) is provided on the surface of the nitriding-treated layer (31) and serves as the inner surface of the cooker. 3. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that the ferroalloy spray layer (20) comprises a titanium-iron alloy spray layer; and/or, The ferroalloy sprayed layer (20) is a plasma layer; and/or, The particle size of the particles forming the ferroalloy sprayed layer (20) is 300-500 mesh; and/or, The thickness of the ferroalloy sprayed layer (20) is d2, wherein 30 micrometers ≤ d2 ≤ 80 micrometers. 4. The cooker according to claim 2, characterized in that the formation depth of the nitriding treatment layer (31) is d3, wherein 8 micrometers ≤ d3 ≤ 20 micrometers; and/or, The oxidation treatment layer (32) is formed to a depth d4, wherein 3 micrometers ≤ d4 ≤ 6 micrometers. 5. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooker further comprises a heat-conducting layer (40), and the heat-conducting layer (40) is provided on the outer surface of the metal substrate (10). 6. The cooker according to claim 5, characterized in that the heat-conducting layer (40) comprises a metal layer or a copper layer; and/or the heat-conducting layer (40) has a thickness of d5, wherein 80 micrometers ≤ d5 ≤ 500 micrometers. 7. The cooker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cooker further comprises a magnetic conductive layer (50), and the magnetic conductive layer (50) is provided on the outer surface of the metal substrate (10). 8. The cooker according to claim 7, characterized in that the magnetic conductive layer (50) comprises an iron layer, a cobalt layer or a nickel layer; and/or, The thickness of the magnetic conductive layer (50) is d6, wherein 300 micrometers ≤ d6 ≤ 500 micrometers; and/or, The magnetic conductive layer (50) is arranged on the bottom wall of the metal substrate (10) and is circular with a diameter of not less than 10 cm. 9. The cooker according to claim 7, characterized in that the cooker further comprises a protective layer (60), and the protective layer (60) covers the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer (50). 10. The cooker according to claim 9, characterized in that the protective layer (60) comprises a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer; and/or, The thickness of the protective layer (60) is d7, wherein 15 micrometers ≤ d7 ≤ 30 micrometers. 11. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal substrate (10) is a magnesium substrate, an aluminum substrate, a carbon steel substrate, a titanium substrate or a stainless steel substrate; and or, The thickness of the metal substrate (10) is d1, wherein 1.2 mm≤d1≤2.0 mm. 12 . The cooker according to claim 11 , wherein the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate or a 316 stainless steel substrate.