CN223208467U - Bone taking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The bone extractor of the present invention comprises a bone extractor sheath, a cutting device and a control device. The cutting device is arranged at the distal end of the bone extractor sheath, the distal end of the control device is connected to the cutting device, and the proximal end is arranged at the proximal end of the bone extractor sheath. The bone extractor sheath is made of a thin-walled tubular material, comprising a tube wall and a bone extractor cavity; the bone extractor sheath is first placed into the bone tissue, and then the control device is operated, the cutting device cuts the bone tissue at the distal end of the bone extractor sheath, and the bone tissue remains in the bone extractor cavity, and the bone extractor sheath is withdrawn, and the bone tissue is taken out of the body along with the bone extractor sheath. Since the cutting device and the control device that cooperate with each other are provided, the bone tissue can be conveniently cut through in vitro operation, so that the bone tissue can be conveniently taken out of the body, and the bone tissue is cut along the cross section, so that the end face can be smooth and flat, and no further trimming is required after removal, and the bone can be directly placed in the position where the bone needs to be transplanted. In particular, the electric bone extractor can achieve precise control of the insertion and cutting processes through the host.

Description

Bone taking device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a surgical instrument, in particular to a bone extractor used in an autogenous transplanting operation of bone cartilage.

Background

With the rise of the number of aging population and the frequent occurrence of various traffic accidents, the incidence of knee joint injury is increasing. These knee injuries caused by external trauma or self-degenerative changes are often accompanied by defects in knee cartilage. The prevalence of full-thickness cartilage defects in athletes is nearly 36%, 63% in the general population, and medial condyle defects are more common than lateral condyles, 68% and 32%, respectively. Of the knee joints subjected to arthroscopic surgery, about 60% of the knee joints have articular cartilage defects. Repair of cartilage defects is a tricky problem in the current orthopedics field.

There are many interventions for knee cartilage defects such as chondroplasty, debridement, drilling, microfracture, autologous chondrocyte implantation, autologous bone cartilage graft, etc. Autologous bone cartilage grafting is a relatively simple and cost-effective technique for achieving autologous cartilage fragment grafting for cartilage repair.

Osteochondral autograft (Osteochondral autologous transplantation, OAT) is an active patient with small and medium-sized symptomatic, grade III and IV knee osteochondral defects. The principle of surgery is to harvest 1 or more autologous osteochondral grafts from a donor site, typically from the minimal load zone in the ipsilateral joint, and then to graft the cartilage damaged area.

One very important step in OAT surgery is to remove the bone tissue to be transplanted, and current removal methods are usually performed by placing a commonly used sheath or trephine-type instrument with a cavity into the bone tissue, shaking the instrument to fracture the bone tissue distally, and removing the bone tissue. In this way, bone fracture is difficult and the ports are often uneven, often requiring end-face flattening prior to the bone grafting process. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements in bone harvesting mechanisms.

Disclosure of Invention

The bone taking device can cut off the bone tissue at the end after taking the bone by the cutting device arranged at the far end of the bone taking sheath, so that the bone tissue can be taken out of the body along with the bone taking sheath very easily.

The bone harvester of the utility model is characterized in that the bone harvester 100 comprises a bone taking sheath 1, a cutting device 2 and a control device 3;

A. the cutting device 2 is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1;

B. The distal end of the control device 3 is connected with the cutting device 2, and the proximal end is arranged at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1;

C. The bone taking sheath 1 is made of a thin-wall tubular material and comprises a tube wall 11 and a bone taking cavity 12, the bone taking sheath 1 is firstly placed into bone tissue, then the control device 3 is operated at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1 is cut off by the cutting device 2 at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone tissue remains in the bone taking cavity 12 and is withdrawn from the bone taking sheath 1, and the bone tissue in the bone taking cavity 12 is withdrawn from the body along with the bone taking sheath 1.

The bone taking sheath 1 is made of a thin-wall tubular material, and can be smoothly placed into bone tissue by utilizing the good cutting effect of the thin-wall structure of the tube wall 11 under the action of external force, and a part of bone tissue enters the bone taking cavity 12 along with the bone taking sheath due to the hollow structural design in the process of placing the bone tissue. One end of the control device 3 is arranged at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, and the distal end of the control device is connected with the cutting device 2, so that the control device can operate at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to drive the cutting device 2 arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to move along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, and the cutting device 2 is cut off at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 along the cross section. Due to the arrangement of the cutting device 2 and the control device 3 which are mutually matched, bone tissue can be conveniently cut along the cross section of the far end of the bone taking sheath 1 through external operation, so that the bone tissue can be conveniently taken out of the body and cut along the cross section, the end face can be smooth and flat, no further trimming is needed after taking out, and the bone tissue can be directly placed in a position where the bone needs to be transplanted.

The bone taking sheath 1 is of a thin-wall cylindrical tubular structure. The cylindrical tubular structure has no directivity, so that the flexibility of the implantation process is good, and simultaneously actions such as rotation and the like can be combined to better position the bone taking sheath 1 into bone tissue.

The bone taking sheath 1 is of a thin-wall polygonal tubular structure. The bone taking sheath 1 can be in a polygonal tubular structure such as triangle, rectangle, pentagon and the like so as to match different bone transferring shapes.

The bone taking sheath 1 is of a thin-wall special-shaped tubular structure. The bone taking sheath 1 can also be precisely manufactured into the same cross-sectional shape as the bone transferring position by adopting manufacturing methods such as 3D printing and the like so as to reduce the operation wound as much as possible.

The bone taking sheath 1 is made of medical rigid materials. Because the bone taking sheath 1 needs to be placed into bone tissue under the action of external force, the bone taking sheath 1 is usually made of a rigid material, such as medical stainless steel, medical hard plastic, medical titanium and titanium alloy, medical shape memory alloy, medical composite material and other medical rigid materials.

The cutting device 2 comprises at least 1 cutting mechanism 21, and the cutting mechanism 21 moves along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut off the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1. The cutting mechanism 21 moves along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, so that planar cutting can be realized, the end face can be smooth and flat, and the bone tissue can be directly transplanted without trimming after being taken out.

The cutting mechanism 21 includes a cutting edge 21-1. The cutting mechanism 21 may be a blade-like cutting device having a cutting edge, such as cutting edge 21-1, or may be a wire-like structure of sufficient strength to cut bone tissue with a large pressure achieved with a small contact area. The cutting edge 21-1 is arranged to make the incision of the end face very smooth and even, and the end face is not required to be trimmed after the bone tissue is taken out.

The cutting device 2 comprises 2 cutting means 21. The cutting device 2 may include only 1 cutting mechanism 21 to move along the cross section of the bone tissue to achieve integral cutting, or may include 2 or more cutting mechanisms 21 to achieve distal cross section cutting of the bone tissue by the integral movement of a plurality of the cutting mechanisms 21 or superposition of the effects of the single movement.

The cutting mechanism 21 is made of a shape memory alloy. The shape memory alloy material is selected, and can be in a single shape such as a straight line in vitro, so that the shape memory alloy is convenient to be placed into the tube wall 11 of the bone taking sheath 1, and automatically restores to a set cutting shape after being pushed out by a human body, so as to cut bone tissues.

The bone harvester 100 also includes a bone drilling device 4. The bone drill 4 is arranged to facilitate the rapid placement of the bone removal sheath 1 into the bone tissue of the bone removal, since the bone removal sheath 1 needs to be placed into the bone tissue to remove the bone. The bone drilling device 4 has various modes, such as a sharp cutting edge shape, and can achieve the bone drilling effect by cutting under the action of external force, or can be in a tooth-shaped structure, and can achieve the sawing effect by rotation so as to drill the bone.

The bone drilling device 4 is arranged on the bone taking sheath 1 and/or on the cutting device 2. The bone drilling device 4 may be disposed on the bone taking sheath 1, or disposed on the cutting device 2, or may be disposed on both the bone taking sheath 1 and the cutting device 2. The distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 is ground to form a cutting edge, or the rotary cutting teeth 41 are provided at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, or the rotary cutting teeth 41 are provided at the distal end of the cutting mechanism 21.

The bone drilling device 4 is a rotary cutting tooth 41 arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1. The rotary cutting teeth 41 can form the trephine effect through rotary movement, and the bone drilling effect is very good.

The control device 3 is a shaft control mechanism 31. The shaft control mechanism 31 drives the cutting device 2 to rotate along the distal cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 through the rotation of the shaft, so that the bone tissue is cut off. The control mode is very simple to operate and has a very simple structure.

The shaft control mechanism 31 comprises a rotating shaft 31-1, the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotatably arranged in the tube wall 11 of the bone taking sheath 1 or near the tube wall 11, the distal end of the rotating shaft 31-1 is connected with the cutting device 2, the proximal end of the rotating shaft 31-1 extends out from the tube wall 11 to be exposed, the exposed proximal end of the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotated, and the cutting device 2 rotates along with the exposed proximal end of the rotating shaft to cut bone tissues in the bone taking sheath 1. To secure the outer wall morphology of bone tissue and reduce the wound surface, the rotation shaft 31-1 is usually provided in the tube wall 11. The tube wall 11 is internally provided with a shaft hole 11-1, the rotating shaft 31-1 is arranged in the shaft hole 11-1, the far end is fixedly connected with the outer end part of the cutting device 2, the near end extends out of the shaft hole 11-1 to be exposed, the rotating shaft is rotated, the cutting device 2 rotates along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1, the cutting blade 21-1 cuts bone tissues, and under the control mode, the cutting mechanism 21 of the cutting device 2 is usually a rigid knife-shaped structure with the cutting blade 21-1. In order to ensure that the bone taking sheath 1 takes a set shape when entering bone tissue, the cutting mechanism 21 has a shape matching with the bone taking sheath 1, so as to enable the bone taking sheath 1 to smoothly enter the bone tissue according to a predetermined shape.

The proximal end of the shaft control mechanism 31 is provided with a rotation shaft handle 31-2. To facilitate rotation of the shaft 31-1, the shaft handle 31-2 may be provided at the proximal end of the shaft 31-1.

The control device 3 is a filiform control mechanism 32. The control mechanism 32 of the filiform structure achieves the effect of cutting the bone tissue by means of the local high pressure caused by the line contact of the filiform material during the movement.

The thread structure control mechanism 32 comprises a fixing plate 32-1 and a cutting wire 32-2, the fixing plate 32-1 is arranged in the bone taking cavity 12 of the bone taking sheath 1 and is in a shape matched with the inner wall of the tube wall 11, the distal end of the cutting wire 32-2 is elastically fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate 32-1, after the fixing plate 32-1 is pulled back, the cutting wire 32-2 is separated from the fixing plate 32-1, the cutting wire 32-2 is pulled back, the cutting wire 32-2 moves along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissues, the distal end of the cutting wire 32-2 forms the cutting device 2 until the cutting wire 32-2 is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 in a linear device, the bone taking sheath 1 is rotated, and the cutting wire 32-2 rotates along the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissues.

To ensure the appearance of the bone tissue, the fixing plate 32-1 is generally shaped to match the inner wall of the tube wall 11, so as to fix the cutting wire 32-2 along the side wall of the tube wall 11, thereby facilitating the insertion of the bone taking sheath 1 into the bone tissue. To ensure the cutting action of the cutting wire 32-2, the cutting wire 32-2 needs to have both good strength and flexibility to be deformed so as to be placed into bone tissue along with the bone taking sheath 1, and therefore, the cutting wire is preferably made of a material such as a metal wire, a nylon wire, etc. having elasticity.

The cutting wire 32-2 is an elastic wire 32-21, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 is elastically deformed and then fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate 32-1, after the fixing plate 32-1 is pulled back, the elastic wire 32-21 is separated from the fixing plate 32-1, under the action of elastic restoring force, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 moves along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissues, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 forms the cutting device 2 until the elastic wire 32-21 is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 in a straight line manner, the bone taking sheath 1 is rotated, and the elastic wire 32-21 rotates along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissues. The elastic wires 32-21 can automatically recover under the action of elastic recovery force, and the cutting process is very convenient.

The elastic wires 32-21 are made of a memory alloy. The elastic wire 32-21 is preferably made of medical memory alloy, so that the elastic wire has good elasticity and strength, and after the elastic wire enters the body, the elastic wire 32-21 can automatically return to a linear shape from an arc shape matched with the fixing plate 32-1 under the action of body temperature due to a shape memory function, and the elastic wire 32-21 can have a good cutting effect without additionally pulling the elastic wire 32-21.

The bone extractor 100 further comprises a bone pushing device 5, and the bone pushing device 5 pushes out the bone tissue remained in the bone extracting cavity 12 for subsequent clinical operation. The bone pushing device 5 moves downwards along the bone taking cavity 12, so that bone tissue in the bone taking cavity 12 can be pushed out and placed into a position to be transplanted.

The bone pushing device 5 comprises a pushing rod 51. The pushing rod 51 has a shape matching the bone taking cavity 12 so as to better push out bone tissue.

The bone pushing device 5 pushes bone tissue out of the bone taking cavity 12 by knocking or rotating. The bone pushing device 5 can slide downwards along the inner wall of the tube wall 11 by means of external force knocking or rotating, so as to push out the bone tissue from the bone taking cavity 12.

The bone harvester 100 is an electric bone harvester 101. The electric bone taking device 101 is driven by electric power, so that electric accurate control of a bone taking process is realized.

The electric bone taking device 101 further comprises a host 6, a circuit and control system 7 and a transmission system 8, wherein the host 6 is connected with the circuit and control system 7, the circuit and control system 7 controls the motion of the transmission system 8, and the transmission system 8 drives the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 to work so as to finish a bone taking process.

The circuit and the control system 7 are communicated, the host 6 works to drive the transmission system 8 to move, the movement of the transmission system 8 drives the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 to move to take bones, and the precise control can be realized because the movement of the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 is controlled by the host 6, and the placing and cutting processes of bone tissues can be easily completed, so that the difficulty of the manual bone taking process caused by overlarge external force required by the operation process due to the large hardness of the bone tissues is avoided.

The main unit 6 is a drive motor 61. The driving motor 61 may be controlled by a stepping motor, or may be controlled by a control system to achieve precise control of the driving process.

The circuit and control system 7 comprises a power supply 71, a circuit 72 and a control switch 73, wherein the power supply 71 is connected with the control switch 73 through the circuit 72 to control the motion of the transmission system 8.

The transmission system 8 is a gear transmission system 81, the gear transmission system 81 is connected with the host machine 6, and the host machine 6 drives the gear transmission system 81 to rotate, so as to drive the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 to rotate.

The gear system 81 comprises a drive input wheel 81-1 and a drive output wheel 81-2, wherein the drive input wheel 81-1 and the drive output wheel 81-2 are connected together through a gear meshing effect. The driving input wheel 81-1 is connected with the driving shaft 61-1 of the driving motor 61, the driving output wheel 81-2 is arranged on the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3, the driving motor 61 works, the driving shaft 61-1 rotates to drive the driving input wheel 81-1 to rotate, and due to the gear meshing effect between the driving input wheel 81-1 and the driving output wheel 81-2, the driving output wheel 81-2 rotates along with the driving input wheel, and then the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 is driven to rotate, if the bone taking sheath 1 rotates, the rotary cutting teeth 41 at the far end rotate along with the driving input wheel, so that a circular saw effect is formed, and the bone taking sheath is very convenient to be placed into bone tissues. When the rotating shaft 31-1 of the control device 3 rotates, the cutting mechanism 21 connected at the far end rotates along with the rotating shaft, and the cutting blade 21-1 cuts the bone tissue to realize end face cutting of the bone tissue.

In clinical application, the bone taking sheath 1 is firstly placed into bone tissue of a bone to be taken by knocking or rotating, then the control device 3 controls the cutting device 2 to cut the bone tissue from the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, and then the bone taking sheath 1 is taken out, so that the bone taking process can be completed.

The bone harvester of the present utility model comprises a bone taking sheath 1, a cutting device 2 and a control device 3. The cutting device 2 is arranged at the far end of the bone taking sheath 1, the far end of the control device 3 is connected with the cutting device 2, and the near end is arranged at the near end of the bone taking sheath 1. The bone taking sheath 1 is made of a thin-wall tubular material and comprises a tube wall 11 and a bone taking cavity 12, the bone taking sheath 1 is firstly placed into bone tissue, then the control device 3 is operated at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1 is cut off by the cutting device 2 at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone tissue remains in the bone taking cavity 12 and is withdrawn from the bone taking sheath 1, and the bone tissue in the bone taking cavity 12 is withdrawn from the body along with the bone taking sheath 1. Due to the arrangement of the cutting device 2 and the control device 3 which are mutually matched, bone tissue can be conveniently cut along the cross section of the far end of the bone taking sheath 1 through external operation, so that the bone tissue can be conveniently taken out of the body and cut along the cross section, the end face can be smooth and flat, no further trimming is needed after taking out, and the bone tissue can be directly placed in a position where the bone needs to be transplanted. In particular, the motorized bone harvester 101 can achieve precise control of the insertion and cutting process through the host computer 6.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an axis-controlled bone harvester according to the present utility model.

Fig. 1-1 is a front view of fig. 1.

Fig. 1-2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1-1.

Fig. 1-3 are exploded views of fig. 1.

Fig. 1-4 are enlarged views at B of fig. 1-2.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cutting device of fig. 1 in operation.

Fig. 2-1 is a front view of fig. 2.

Fig. 2-2 is a C-C cross-sectional view of fig. 2-1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a silk-like structure controlled bone harvester according to the present utility model.

Fig. 3-1 is a front view of fig. 3.

Fig. 3-2 is a D-D cross-sectional view of fig. 3-1.

Fig. 3-3 is an enlarged view at E of fig. 3-1.

Fig. 3-4 are exploded views of fig. 3.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state in which the cutting wire of fig. 3 is released from the fixed operation.

Fig. 4-1 is a front view of fig. 4.

FIG. 4-2 is an enlarged view of F-F of FIG. 4-1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a bone harvester according to the present utility model including a bone pushing device.

Fig. 5-1 is a schematic view of the bone pushing device of fig. 5 as it is removed.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a bone harvester according to the present utility model including a screw-threaded rotary bone pushing device.

Fig. 6-1 is a schematic view of the bone pushing device of fig. 6 as it is removed.

Fig. 6-2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 6.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an electric bone harvester with a partial cutaway.

Fig. 7-1 is a front view of the motorized bone harvester.

Fig. 7-2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 7-1.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the bone harvester of the present utility model.

In the above figures:

100 is an osteotome of the present utility model, 101 is an electric osteotome.

1 Is a bone taking sheath, 2 is a cutting device, 3 is a control device, 4 is a bone drilling device, 5 is a bone pushing device, 6 is a host, 7 is a circuit and control system, and 8 is a transmission system.

11, 12 Is a bone taking cavity, 11-1 is a shaft hole, and 11-2 is an internal thread.

21 Is a cutting mechanism and 21-1 is a cutting edge.

31 Is a shaft control mechanism, 32 is a filiform structure control mechanism, 31-1 is a rotating shaft, 31-2 is a rotating shaft handle, 32-1 is a fixed plate, 32-2 is a cutting wire, and 32-21 is an elastic wire.

41 Are rotary cutting teeth.

51 Is a push rod and 52 is an external thread.

61 Is a drive motor and 61-1 is a drive shaft.

71 Is a power supply, 72 is a circuit, and 73 is a control switch.

81 Is a gear transmission system, 81-1 is a driving input wheel, and 81-2 is a driving output wheel.

Detailed Description

Example 1 shaft-controlled bone harvester according to the present utility model

Referring to fig. 1 to 2-2, the bone harvester of the present embodiment comprises a bone taking sheath 1, a cutting device 2 and a control device 3.

Referring to fig. 1-2 and 1-3, the cutting device 2 is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the control device 3 is connected with the cutting device 2 at the distal end, the proximal end is arranged at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone taking sheath 1 is made of a thin-wall tubular material and comprises a tube wall 11 and a bone taking cavity 12, the bone taking sheath 1 is firstly placed into bone tissue, then the control device 3 is operated at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the cutting device 2 cuts off the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1 at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the bone tissue is stored in the bone taking cavity 12, the bone taking sheath 1 is withdrawn, and the bone tissue in the bone taking cavity 12 is withdrawn outside along with the bone taking sheath 1.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2-2, in this embodiment, the bone taking sheath 1 is a thin-walled cylindrical tubular structure. The cylindrical tubular structure has no directivity, so that the flexibility of the implantation process is good, and simultaneously actions such as rotation and the like can be combined to better position the bone taking sheath 1 into bone tissue.

In practical application, the bone taking sheath 1 can also be a thin-wall polygonal tubular structure. The bone taking sheath 1 can be in a polygonal tubular structure such as triangle, rectangle, pentagon and the like so as to match different bone transferring shapes.

The bone taking sheath 1 can also be of a thin-wall special-shaped tubular structure. The bone taking sheath 1 can also be precisely manufactured into the same cross-sectional shape as the bone transferring position by adopting manufacturing methods such as 3D printing and the like so as to reduce the operation wound as much as possible.

The bone taking sheath 1 is made of medical rigid materials. Because the bone taking sheath 1 needs to be placed into bone tissue under the action of external force, the bone taking sheath 1 is usually made of a rigid material, such as medical stainless steel, medical hard plastic, medical titanium and titanium alloy, medical shape memory alloy, medical composite material and other medical rigid materials.

The cutting device 2 comprises at least 1 cutting mechanism 21, and the cutting mechanism 21 moves along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut off the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1. The cutting mechanism 21 moves along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, so that planar cutting can be realized, the end face can be smooth and flat, and the bone tissue can be directly transplanted without trimming after being taken out.

The cutting device 2 may include only 1 cutting mechanism 21 to move along the cross section of the bone tissue to achieve integral cutting, or may include 2 or more cutting mechanisms 21 to achieve distal cross section cutting of the bone tissue by the integral movement of a plurality of the cutting mechanisms 21 or superposition of the effects of the single movement.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the cutting device 2 includes 2 cutting mechanisms 21. Through 2 cutting mechanism 21 rotation cutting in proper order, can carry out the cross section to bone tissue and cut off, moreover owing to be provided with 2 cutting mechanism 21, consequently single cutting mechanism 21 size can be less, and consequently the moment is shorter, and the required moment in the cutting process is less, consequently, the cutting process is lighter. In practice, a plurality of the cutting mechanisms 21 may be operated simultaneously to cut the bone tissue entirely.

And better cutting of bone tissue is achieved, the cutting mechanism 21 comprises a cutting edge 21-1. The cutting mechanism 21 may be a blade-like cutting device having a cutting edge, such as cutting edge 21-1, or may be a wire-like structure of sufficient strength to cut bone tissue with a large pressure achieved with a small contact area. The cutting edge 21-1 is arranged to make the incision of the end face very smooth and even, and the end face is not required to be trimmed after the bone tissue is taken out. In this embodiment, the cutting mechanism 21 is a knife-shaped cutting device including the cutting edge 21-1.

The cutting mechanism 21 may be made of a shape memory alloy. The shape memory alloy material is selected, and can be in a single shape such as a straight line in vitro, so that the shape memory alloy is convenient to be placed into the tube wall 11 of the bone taking sheath 1, and automatically restores to a set cutting shape after being pushed out by a human body, so as to cut bone tissues.

In this embodiment, the control device 3 is a shaft control mechanism 31. The shaft control mechanism 31 drives the cutting device 2 to rotate along the distal cross section of the bone taking sheath 1 through the rotation of the shaft, so that the bone tissue is cut off. The control mode is very simple to operate and has a very simple structure.

Referring to fig. 1-2 and 2-2, the shaft control mechanism 31 includes a shaft 31-1, the shaft 31-1 is rotatably disposed in the tube wall 11 of the bone taking sheath 1 or near the tube wall 11, the distal end of the shaft 31-1 is connected to the cutting device 2, the proximal end of the shaft 31-1 protrudes from the tube wall 11 to expose, the exposed proximal end of the shaft 31-1 is rotated, and the cutting device 2 is rotated accordingly to cut bone tissue in the bone taking sheath 1. In order to ensure the outer wall morphology of the bone tissue and reduce the wound surface, the rotating shaft 31-1 is disposed in the tube wall 11 in this embodiment. The inside of the tube wall 11 is provided with a shaft hole 11-1, the rotating shaft 31-1 is arranged in the shaft hole 11-1, the far end is fixedly connected with the outer side end part of the cutting device 2, the near end extends out of the shaft hole 11-1 to be exposed, the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotated, the cutting device 2 rotates along the cross section of the bone taking sheath 1, and the cutting blade 21-1 cuts bone tissues. The cutting mechanism 21 of the cutting device 2 is typically a rigid knife-like structure having the cutting edge 21-1. In order to ensure that the bone taking sheath 1 takes a set shape when entering bone tissue, the cutting mechanism 21 has a shape matching with the bone taking sheath 1, so as to enable the bone taking sheath 1 to smoothly enter the bone tissue according to a predetermined shape.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the rotation of the shaft 31-1, the shaft handle 31-2 is provided at the proximal end of the shaft 31-1, and the shaft handle 31-2 may be provided in various shapes such as a door leaf shape, a transverse shaft shape, etc. as required.

Referring to fig. 5-6-2, the bone harvester 100 further comprises a bone pushing device 5, the bone pushing device 5 pushing out bone tissue remaining in the bone harvesting cavity 12 for subsequent clinical operation. The bone pushing device 5 moves downwards along the bone taking cavity 12, so that bone tissue in the bone taking cavity 12 can be pushed out and placed into a position to be transplanted.

The bone pushing device 5 described with reference to the figures comprises a pushing rod 51. The pushing rod 51 has a shape matching the bone taking cavity 12 so as to better push out bone tissue.

The bone pushing device 5 pushes bone tissue out of the bone taking cavity 12 by knocking or rotating.

Referring to fig. 5 and 5-1, the pushing rod 51 slides down the bone taking sheath 1 to push out the bone tissue from the bone taking cavity 12 when the bone taking sheath is knocked by external force.

Referring to fig. 6 to 6-2, the outer surface of the bone pushing device 5 is provided with external threads 52, the inner portion of the bone taking sheath 1 is provided with internal threads 12, the pushing rod 51 moves downwards along the bone taking sheath 1 to push out bone tissue from the bone taking cavity 12 when the bone pushing device 5 is rotated.

Referring to fig. 8, in clinical use, the bone removing sheath 1 is first placed into bone tissue to be removed by tapping or rotating, and then the shaft 31-1 is rotated, and the cutting blade 21-1 cuts the bone tissue along a transversal direction of the distal end of the bone removing sheath 1, so that the bone tissue in the bone removing cavity 12 is taken out of the body as the bone remover of the present utility model is taken out of the body. Bone tissue is then pushed out of the bone extraction cavity 12 by the bone pushing device 5 for implantation.

In this embodiment, since the bone taking sheath 1 is made of a thin-walled tubular material, under the action of an external force, the bone taking sheath can be smoothly placed into bone tissue by utilizing the good cutting effect of the thin-walled structure of the tube wall 11, and meanwhile, due to the hollow structural design adopted, a part of bone tissue enters the bone taking cavity 12 along with the bone taking sheath. One end of the control device 3 is arranged at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, and the distal end of the control device is connected with the cutting device 2, so that the control device can operate at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to drive the cutting device 2 arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to move along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, and the cutting device 2 is cut off at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 along the cross section. Due to the arrangement of the cutting device 2 and the control device 3 which are mutually matched, bone tissue can be conveniently cut along the cross section of the far end of the bone taking sheath 1 through external operation, so that the bone tissue can be conveniently taken out of the body and cut along the cross section, the end face can be smooth and flat, no further trimming is needed after taking out, the bone taking device can be directly placed in a position where the bone needs to be transplanted, and the clinical application is very convenient.

Example 2 Silk Structure control type bone harvester according to the utility model

Referring to fig. 3 to 4-2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that in the present embodiment, the control device 3 is a filament structure control mechanism 32, and the filament structure control mechanism 32 achieves the cutting effect on the bone tissue by the local high pressure caused by the line contact of the filament material during the movement.

Referring to fig. 3 to 3-2, the filiform structure control mechanism 32 comprises a fixing plate 32-1 and a cutting wire 32-2, the fixing plate 32-1 is disposed in the bone taking cavity 12 of the bone taking sheath 1 and has a shape matching with the inner wall of the tube wall 11, the cutting wire 32-2 is elastically fixed at the outer side of the fixing plate 32-1 after passing through the shaft hole 11-1, after the fixing plate 32-1 is pulled back, the cutting wire 32-2 is separated from the fixing plate 32-1, the cutting wire 32-2 is pulled back, the cutting wire 32-2 cuts bone tissue along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the distal end of the cutting wire 32-2 forms the cutting device 2 until the cutting wire 32-2 is disposed at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 in a straight line (refer to fig. 4 and 4-2), and the cutting wire 32-2 rotates along the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissue.

Referring to fig. 3-4, to ensure the appearance of bone tissue, the fixation plate 32-1 is generally shaped to match the inner wall of the tube wall 11 to facilitate fixation of the cutting wire 32-2 along the side wall of the tube wall 11 to facilitate access of the osteotomy sheath 1 into bone tissue. To ensure the cutting action of the cutting wire 32-2, the cutting wire 32-2 needs to have both good strength and flexibility to be deformed so as to be placed into bone tissue along with the bone taking sheath 1, and therefore, the cutting wire is preferably made of a material such as a metal wire, a nylon wire, etc. having elasticity.

In this embodiment, the cutting wire 32-2 is an elastic wire 32-21, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 is elastically deformed and then fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate 32-1, after the fixing plate 32-1 is pulled back, the elastic wire 32-21 is separated from the fixing plate 32-1, under the action of elastic restoring force, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 moves along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissue, the distal end of the elastic wire 32-21 forms the cutting device 2 until the elastic wire 32-21 is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 in a straight device, the bone taking sheath 1 is rotated, and the elastic wire 32-21 rotates along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut bone tissue. The elastic wires 32-21 can automatically recover under the action of elastic recovery force, and the cutting process is very convenient.

The elastic wires 32-21 may be made of a memory alloy. The elastic wire 32-21 is preferably made of medical memory alloy, so that the elastic wire has good elasticity and strength, and after the elastic wire enters the body, the elastic wire 32-21 can automatically return to a linear shape from an arc shape matched with the fixing plate 32-1 under the action of body temperature due to a shape memory function, and the elastic wire 32-21 can have a good cutting effect without additionally pulling the elastic wire 32-21.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate the insertion of the bone removing sheath 1 into bone tissue to be removed, in this embodiment, the bone remover 100 further includes a bone drilling device 4. The bone drill 4 is arranged to facilitate the rapid placement of the bone removal sheath 1 into the bone tissue of the bone removal, since the bone removal sheath 1 needs to be placed into the bone tissue to remove the bone. The bone drilling device 4 has various modes, such as a sharp cutting edge shape, and can achieve the bone drilling effect by cutting under the action of external force, or can be in a tooth-shaped structure, and can achieve the sawing effect by rotation so as to drill the bone.

The bone drilling device 4 is arranged on the bone taking sheath 1 and/or on the cutting device 2. The bone drilling device 4 may be disposed on the bone taking sheath 1, or disposed on the cutting device 2, or may be disposed on both the bone taking sheath 1 and the cutting device 2. The distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 is ground to form a cutting edge, or the rotary cutting teeth 41 are provided at the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1, or the rotary cutting teeth 41 are provided at the distal end of the cutting mechanism 21.

In this embodiment, the bone drilling device 4 is a rotary cutter 41 disposed at the distal end of the bone removal sheath 1. The rotary cutting teeth 41 can form the trephine effect through rotary movement, and the bone drilling effect is very good.

In clinical application, the bone taking sheath 1 is rotated, the bone taking sheath 1 is placed into bone tissue needing to be taken, then the fixing plate 32-1 is pulled backwards, the elastic wires 32-21 are released from constraint and fixed, the elastic wires 32-21 rebound to form a linear shape under the action of elastic restoring force to form the cutting device 2, the bone taking sheath 1 is rotated, and the cutting wires 32-2 rotate along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath 1 to cut the bone tissue. Then the elastic wire 32-21 is cut off, so that the elastic wire 32-21 can be pulled out, and then the bone taking sheath 1 is taken out, and the bone tissue is taken out of the body.

The control mode of the silk structure in the embodiment can be finished by selecting various silk materials, and the end face of the cut bone tissue is very flat, so that the follow-up transplanting process is very convenient.

Example 3 an electric bone harvester according to the present utility model

Referring to fig. 7 to 7-2, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in the present embodiment, the bone harvester 100 is an electric bone harvester 101.

The electric bone taking device 101 comprises a bone taking sheath 1, a cutting device 2, a control device 3, a bone drilling device 4, a bone pushing device 5, a host 6, a circuit, a control system 7 and a transmission system 8. The host 6 is connected with the circuit and control system 7, the action of the transmission system 8 is controlled by the circuit and control system 7, and the transmission system 8 drives the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 to work, so that the bone taking process is completed.

Referring to fig. 7 and 7-2, the host 6 is a drive motor 61. The driving motor 61 may be controlled by a stepping motor, or may be controlled by a control system to achieve precise control of the driving process.

The circuit and control system 7 comprises a power supply 71, a circuit 72 and a control switch 73, wherein the power supply 71 is connected with the control switch 73 through the circuit 72 to control the motion of the transmission system 8.

In this embodiment, the transmission system 8 is a gear transmission system 81, the gear transmission system 81 is connected with the host 6, and the host 6 drives the gear transmission system 81 to rotate, so as to drive the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 to rotate.

The gear system 81 comprises a drive input wheel 81-1 and a drive output wheel 81-2, wherein the drive input wheel 81-1 and the drive output wheel 81-2 are connected together through a gear meshing effect.

Referring to fig. 7 and fig. 7-2, in this embodiment, the driving input wheel 81-1 is connected to the driving shaft 61-1 of the driving motor 61, the driving output wheel 81-2 is disposed at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath 1, the driving motor 61 is operated, the driving shaft 61-1 rotates to drive the driving input wheel 81-1 to rotate, and the driving output wheel 81-2 rotates to drive the bone taking sheath 1 to rotate due to the gear meshing effect between the driving input wheel 81-1 and the driving output wheel 81-2, so that the rotary cutting teeth 41 of the bone drilling device 4 disposed at the distal end rotate to form a circular saw effect, thereby conveniently placing the bone taking sheath 1 into bone tissue.

Then, the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotated, the cutting mechanism 21 connected to the distal end of the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotated, and the cutting blade 21-1 cuts the bone tissue, so as to cut the end face of the bone tissue.

In practical applications, the driving output wheel 81-2 may also be disposed at the proximal end of the rotating shaft 31-1, so as to drive the rotating shaft 31-1 to rotate and further drive the cutting blade 21-1 to cut bone tissue.

In clinical application, the bone taking sheath 1 is pressed at a position where bone needs to be taken, the control switch 73 is pressed, the circuit and the control system 7 are communicated, the host 6 works to drive the transmission system 8 to move, the movement of the transmission system 8 drives the bone taking sheath 1 to move, the bone taking sheath 1 is placed into bone tissue, then the rotating shaft 31-1 is rotated, the bone tissue is cut off at the far end, and the bone taking sheath 1 is taken out, so that bone taking can be completed.

In this embodiment, since the movement of the bone taking sheath 1 or the control device 3 is controlled by the host computer 6, accurate control can be achieved, and the process of placing and cutting bone tissue can be easily completed by electric power, so that the difficulty in the manual bone taking process due to the excessive external force required in the operation process caused by the high hardness of the bone tissue can be avoided.

It should be noted that the structures disclosed and described herein may be replaced by other structures having the same effect, and that the embodiments described herein are not the only structures for implementing the present utility model. Although preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described and illustrated herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and that numerous changes, modifications and substitutions can be made herein by one skilled in the art without departing from the utility model, and therefore the scope of the utility model is to be defined by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (27)

1. The bone taking device is characterized in that the bone taking device (100) comprises a bone taking sheath (1), a cutting device (2) and a control device (3);

A. the cutting device (2) is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1);

B. The distal end of the control device (3) is connected with the cutting device (2), and the proximal end of the control device is arranged at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath (1);

C. The bone taking sheath (1) is made of a thin-wall tubular material and comprises a tube wall (11) and a bone taking cavity (12), the bone taking sheath (1) is firstly placed into bone tissue, then the control device (3) is operated at the proximal end of the bone taking sheath (1), the bone tissue in the bone taking sheath (1) is cut off by the cutting device (2) at the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1), the bone tissue remains in the bone taking cavity (12) and is withdrawn from the bone taking sheath (1), and the bone tissue in the bone taking cavity (12) is taken out of the body along with the bone taking sheath (1).

2. The bone harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the bone taking sheath (1) is a thin-walled cylindrical tubular structure.

3. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the bone taking sheath (1) is a thin-walled polygonal tubular structure.

4. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the bone taking sheath (1) is of a thin-walled special-shaped tubular structure.

5. The bone harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the bone harvesting sheath (1) is made of a medical rigid material.

6. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the cutting device (2) comprises at least 1 cutting mechanism (21), and the cutting mechanism (21) moves along the cross section of the bone taking sheath (1) to cut bone tissue in the bone taking sheath (1).

7. The bone harvester according to claim 6, wherein the cutting mechanism (21) comprises a cutting edge (21-1).

8. The bone harvester according to claim 6, wherein the cutting device (2) comprises 2 of the cutting mechanisms (21).

9. The bone harvester according to claim 6, wherein the cutting mechanism (21) is made of a shape memory alloy.

10. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the bone harvester (100) further comprises a bone drilling device (4).

11. The bone harvester according to claim 10, characterized in that the bone drilling device (4) is arranged on the bone extraction sheath (1) and/or on the cutting device (2).

12. The bone harvester according to claim 10, characterized in that the bone drilling device (4) is a rotary cutting tooth (41) arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1).

13. The bone harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (3) is a shaft control mechanism (31).

14. The bone harvester according to claim 13, wherein the shaft control mechanism (31) comprises a rotating shaft (31-1), the rotating shaft (31-1) is rotatably arranged in the tube wall (11) of the bone taking sheath (1) or near the tube wall (11), the distal end of the rotating shaft (31-1) is connected with the cutting device (2), the proximal end of the rotating shaft (31-1) extends out of the tube wall (11) to be exposed, the exposed proximal end of the rotating shaft (31-1) is rotated, and the cutting device (2) rotates along with the rotating shaft to cut bone tissues in the bone taking sheath (1).

15. The bone harvester according to claim 14, characterized in that the proximal end of the shaft control mechanism (31) is provided with a shaft handle (31-2).

16. The bone harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (3) is a filiform structure control mechanism (32).

17. The bone harvester according to claim 16, wherein the wire structure control mechanism (32) comprises a fixing plate (32-1) and a cutting wire (32-2), the fixing plate (32-1) is arranged in the bone taking cavity (12) of the bone taking sheath (1) and has a shape matched with the inner wall of the tube wall (11), the distal end of the cutting wire (32-2) is elastically fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate (32-1), after the fixing plate (32-1) is pulled back, the cutting wire (32-2) is separated from the fixing plate (32-1), the cutting wire (32-2) is pulled back, the cutting wire (32-2) cuts bone tissue along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1), and the distal end of the cutting wire (32-2) forms the cutting device (2) until the cutting wire (32-2) is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1) in a straight line manner, and the bone taking sheath (32-2) is rotated, and the cutting wire (32-2) is cut along the cross section of the bone taking sheath (32-2).

18. The bone harvester according to claim 17, wherein the cutting wire (32-2) is an elastic wire (32-21), the distal end of the elastic wire (32-21) is elastically deformed and then fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate (32-1), after the fixing plate (32-1) is pulled back, the elastic wire (32-21) is separated from the fixing plate (32-1), under the action of elastic restoring force, the distal end of the elastic wire (32-21) moves along the cross section of the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1) to cut bone tissue, the distal end of the elastic wire (32-21) forms the cutting device (2) until the elastic wire (32-21) is arranged at the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1) in a straight line mode, and the elastic wire (32-21) rotates along the distal end of the bone taking sheath (1) to cut the bone tissue.

19. The bone harvester according to claim 18, characterized in that the elastic wire (32-21) is made of a memory alloy.

20. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the bone harvester (100) further comprises a bone pushing device (5), the bone pushing device (5) pushing out bone tissue remaining in the bone harvesting cavity (12) for subsequent clinical operations.

21. The bone harvester according to claim 20, characterized in that the bone pushing device (5) comprises a pushing rod (51).

22. The bone harvester according to claim 20, characterized in that the bone pushing device (5) pushes bone tissue out of the bone harvesting cavity (12) by means of a tap or a rotation.

23. The bone harvester according to claim 1, wherein the bone harvester (100) is an electric bone harvester (101).

24. The bone harvester according to claim 23, wherein the electric bone harvester (101) further comprises a host (6), a circuit and control system (7) and a transmission system (8), the host (6) is connected with the circuit and control system (7), the action of the transmission system (8) is controlled by the circuit and control system (7), and the transmission system (8) drives the bone taking sheath (1) or the control device (3) to work, so that a bone taking process is completed.

25. The bone harvester according to claim 24, wherein the host (6) is a drive motor (61).

26. The bone harvester according to claim 24, wherein the circuit and control system (7) comprises a power supply (71), a circuit (72) and a control switch (73), wherein the power supply (71) is connected with the control switch (73) through the circuit (72) to perform motion control on the transmission system (8).

27. The bone harvester according to claim 24, wherein the transmission system (8) is a gear transmission system (81), the gear transmission system (81) is connected with the host machine (6), and the host machine (6) drives the gear transmission system (81) to rotate, so as to drive the bone taking sheath (1) or the control device (3) to rotate.