CN222673295U - Communication module and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a communication module and a vehicle, which comprise an antenna, a dielectric layer and a band-pass structure, wherein the dielectric layer is arranged on the outer side of the antenna, the band-pass structure is arranged on the dielectric layer and is opposite to the antenna, the band-pass structure has magnetic permeability, and the band-pass structure is used for enhancing the gain of the antenna and/or shielding external out-of-band interference. The communication module realizes the fusion design with the penetrating medium and the secondary adjustment of the transmitted wave beam, improves the gain of the antenna and improves the coverage area of the antenna, thereby ensuring the stability of signal communication and further avoiding the failure of communication transactions such as ETC and the like.

Description

Communication module and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a communication module and a vehicle.

Background

At present, the vehicle-mounted ETC antenna is installed in shark fins and front windshields at most, but in the actual use process, ETC signals are obviously lost in the transmission process due to shielding of glass, a coating film, plastic parts and the like, and secondly, ETC is easy to be interfered by external signals in use, so that the problem of ETC transaction failure exists in a vehicle.

Disclosure of utility model

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides the communication module, which realizes the fusion design with the penetrating medium and the secondary adjustment of the transmitted beam, improves the gain of the antenna and the coverage area of the antenna, thereby ensuring the stability of signal communication and further avoiding the failure of communication transactions such as ETC and the like.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle comprising the communication module.

The communication module of the embodiment of the utility model comprises:

The antenna and the dielectric layer are arranged on the outer side of the antenna;

The band-pass structure is arranged on the dielectric layer and is opposite to the antenna, has magnetic permeability and is used for enhancing the gain of the antenna and/or shielding external out-of-band interference.

In some embodiments, the bandpass structure is embedded within the dielectric layer.

In some embodiments, the band-pass structure comprises a first structure and/or a second structure, the first structure comprises a plurality of structural units, any two adjacent structural units in the plurality of structural units are arranged at intervals, and the second structure is in a grid shape.

In some embodiments, the band pass structure comprises a first structure and a second structure, the second structure comprising a plurality of openings, a plurality of the structural units of the first structure being disposed within a plurality of the openings, respectively.

In some embodiments, the plurality of structural units and the plurality of openings are each arranged in a matrix.

In some embodiments, the structural units are square, round, triangular, annular, oval in shape.

In some embodiments, the bandpass structure is integrally formed with the dielectric layer.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layer is a glass coating, a bumper, or a trim piece.

In some embodiments, the distance between the antenna and the dielectric layer is adjustable to match different types of the bandpass structures.

The vehicle according to an embodiment of the utility model comprises a communication module as described in any of the embodiments above.

The communication module and the vehicle have the beneficial effects that the communication module realizes the fusion design with the penetrating medium and the secondary adjustment of the transmitted wave beam, improves the gain of the antenna and improves the coverage area of the antenna, thereby ensuring the stability of signal communication and further avoiding the failure of communication transactions such as ETC and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a communication module according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the band-pass structure and the arrangement of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a first structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is an assembled schematic view of the first and second structures of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a graph of a first structure, a second structure, and a combination of the two, according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication module according to an embodiment of the present utility model compared with the prior art.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication module according to another embodiment of the present utility model compared with the prior art. .

Reference numerals:

1-antenna, 2-dielectric layer, 3-bandpass structure, 31-first structure, 311-structural unit, 32-second structure, 321-opening.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

The present utility model has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems:

The ETC in the automobile industry has very high utilization rate, most of ETC is used in the current mode that rear mounting equipment is added on front windshield glass and is adhered to the inner side of the glass, and ETC signals are obviously affected due to glass film pasting, film plating and other reasons. In order to reduce the influence of glass coating, a film removal design is generally adopted in the industry.

However, the film removal generally has several problems that 1, the ETC signal is still affected due to uncleanness of the film removal, 2, the color difference is caused due to excessive film removal, the visual perception is obvious, the beauty is affected, and 3, the signal transmission is obviously lost due to the characteristics of glass.

The following describes a communication module according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

The communication module of the embodiment of the utility model comprises an antenna 1, a dielectric layer 2 and a band-pass structure 3.

The dielectric layer 2 is provided outside the antenna 1. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna 1 may be an ETC antenna, the dielectric layer 2 may be a front windshield, and the antenna 1 may be fixed on the rear side of the front windshield, so that shielding protection of the antenna 1 may be achieved by the front windshield.

The band-pass structure 3 is disposed on the dielectric layer 2 and is disposed opposite to the antenna 1, the band-pass structure 3 has magnetic permeability, and the band-pass structure 3 is used for enhancing the gain of the antenna 1 and/or shielding external out-of-band interference.

For example, the material of the band-pass structure 3 may be metal, specifically copper, iron, or the like. The band-pass structure 3 may be embedded in the dielectric layer 2, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna 1 may be generally in a long strip shape, as shown in fig. 3, the band-pass structure 3 may cover the upper portion of the antenna 1, the whole band-pass structure 3 may be rectangular, the extending direction of the band-pass structure 3 is consistent with the extending direction of the antenna 1, and the width dimension of the band-pass structure 3 may be greater than the width dimension of the antenna 1, so that full coverage of the radiation range of the antenna 1 may be ensured.

According to the communication module provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the band-pass structure 3 has certain electromagnetic characteristics, and the radar beam emitted by the antenna 1 can be secondarily adjusted at the band-pass structure 3, so that the coverage range and the direction of the antenna 1 are effectively ensured, and the communication stability is further ensured.

Secondly, because band-pass structure 3 covers in the week side of antenna 1, and band-pass structure 3's material is the metal to make band-pass structure 3 in use have electromagnetic shield's effect, played the effect of shielding outside out-of-band interference, further guaranteed the stability of communication, avoided ETC communication transaction to fail the condition.

In some embodiments, the bandpass structure 3 is embedded within the dielectric layer 2. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the overall thickness of the dielectric layer 2 is relatively thick, and the band-pass structure 3 may be buried in the dielectric layer 2 and may be located in the middle of the dielectric layer 2.

Therefore, on one hand, the space inside the dielectric layer 2 can be utilized, so that the condition that the additionally arranged band-pass structure 3 needs to occupy extra space is avoided, and on the other hand, the band-pass structure 3 is coated in the dielectric layer 2, so that the better positioning effect and protection effect can be achieved.

In some embodiments, the band-pass structure 3 includes a first structure 31 and/or a second structure 32, where the first structure 31 includes a plurality of structural units 311, any two adjacent structural units 311 in the plurality of structural units 311 are arranged at intervals, and the second structure 32 is in a grid shape.

For example, the band-pass structure 3 may include only the first structure 31, and as shown in fig. 4, the first structure 31 may include 16 structural units 311, each structural unit 311 may be in a square sheet shape, and the 16 structural units 311 may be arranged in a matrix shape as a whole. It should be noted that these structural units 311 may be arranged in parallel, and may be similar to a capacitor when used, where the first structure 31 may be in a short-circuited state when the radar beam frequency is high, and where the first structure 31 may be in a via state when the radar beam frequency is low.

The corresponding graph of the first structure 31 may be the graph (a) of fig. 7, in which the abscissa indicates frequency and the ordinate indicates amplitude or energy. It can thus be seen in figure (a) that the amplitude or energy of the first structure 31 remains substantially unchanged when the frequency does not exceed the corresponding value, but tends to decrease when the corresponding value is exceeded.

In other embodiments, the band-pass structure 3 may also include only the second structure 32, as shown in fig. 5, where the second structure 32 may be a mesh-like structure as a whole, and the second structure 32 may be provided with 16 openings 321, and each opening 321 may be a square hole. The 16 openings 321 may be arranged in a matrix. It should be noted that, when the second structure 32 is used, the second structure 32 may be in a state of a path when the radar beam frequency is high, and the second structure 32 may be in a state of a short circuit when the radar beam frequency is low.

The corresponding graph of the second structure 32 may be the graph (b) of fig. 7, with the abscissa of the graph being frequency and the ordinate being amplitude or energy. Thus, as can be seen in graph (b), the amplitude or energy of the second structure 32 is at a lower value and remains substantially unchanged when the frequency does not exceed the corresponding value, and rises when the corresponding value is exceeded, and finally assumes a higher value and remains substantially unchanged.

In some embodiments, the band-pass structure 3 includes a first structure 31 and a second structure 32, the second structure 32 includes a plurality of openings 321, and the plurality of structural units 311 of the first structure 31 are disposed within the plurality of openings 321, respectively.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the first structure 31 may include 16 structural units 311, each structural unit 311 may be square, the second structure 32 may be correspondingly provided with 16 openings 321, the openings 321 may be square holes, and the size of the openings 321 may be slightly larger than the size of the structural units 311. When assembled, the plurality of structural units 311 can be correspondingly matched in the plurality of openings 321 one by one, and each structural unit 311 is arranged at intervals with the hole wall of any position of the opening 321.

The curve corresponding to the first structure 31 and the second structure 32 when they are assembled may be the graph (c) in fig. 7, in which the abscissa indicates the frequency and the ordinate indicates the amplitude or the energy. As can be seen from the graph (c), under the combined action of the first structure 31 and the second structure 32, as the frequency becomes larger, the curve of the band-pass structure 3 can show a trend of increasing firstly, then keeping unchanged, and finally decreasing, but the whole amplitude or energy of the band-pass structure 3 is always in a higher value, so that the use requirement of stable communication is met.

In some embodiments, the structural units 311 are square, round, triangular, annular, oval in shape.

In some embodiments, the bandpass structure 3 is integrally formed with the dielectric layer 2. For example, the dielectric layer 2 may be a glass coating, the glass coating is made of metal, and the band-pass structure 3 may be integrally formed on the dielectric layer 2 by carving. Specifically, the glass coating may be provided on the outer surface of the front windshield, and the antenna 1 may be provided on the inner surface of the front windshield. After the arrangement of the glass coating is completed, the band-pass structure 3 can be processed on the glass coating in a machine carving mode, so that the fusion design of the band-pass structure 3 and the dielectric layer 2 is realized, the film removing design can be carried out on the glass coating which meets a small area of the antenna 1, and the size requirement on the film removing of the glass coating is reduced.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layer 2 is a glass coating, bumper, or trim. Wherein the bumper may be a front bumper or a rear bumper of the vehicle. The ornamental piece may be a plastic piece or the like, for example, a plastic piece of a shark fin of a vehicle or the like.

As shown in fig. 8, the dielectric layer 2 may be a glass coating, and it can be seen from the figure that the radar beam gain of the scheme of adding the band-pass structure 3 in the glass coating is greater than that of the scheme in the prior art, the curve a in fig. 8 is a curve in the prior art, and the curve B is a curve after adding the band-pass structure 3 in the glass coating, so that the radar gain is obviously improved, the self gain of the original antenna 1 may be 5dB, the overall gain of the communication module after adding the band-pass structure 3 may reach 8dB, the gain is improved by 3dB, the signal of the antenna 1 is not shielded by the glass+coating, the transmitting gain of the antenna is improved, the identification capability and the communication distance of the antenna are effectively improved, and the communication stability is ensured.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 9, the dielectric layer 2 may be a bumper, and it can be seen from the figure that the radar beam gain of the scheme of adding the band-pass structure 3 in the glass coating is greater than that of the scheme in the prior art, the curve C in fig. 9 is a curve in the prior art, and the curve D is a curve after adding the band-pass structure 3 in the bumper, thereby realizing remarkable improvement of the radar gain and ensuring the stability of communication.

In some embodiments, the distance between the antenna 1 and the dielectric layer 2 is adjustable to match different types of bandpass structures 3. Specifically, during the actual assembly process, there may be a difference in the installed band-pass structure 3, for example, the band-pass structure 3 provided for different batches or different types of vehicles may be different. At this time, the matching with different bandpass structures 3 can be realized by adjusting the distance between the antenna 1 and the dielectric layer 2, so that the distance between the antenna 1 and the dielectric layer 2 can be effectively adjusted, and the condition of radar performance reduction caused by different distance configuration is avoided.

It should be noted that, this adjustment of the distance may be an adjustment during the manufacturing process, and once the whole vehicle is finished, the distance between the antenna 1 and the dielectric layer 2 remains unchanged.

A vehicle of an embodiment of the utility model is described below.

The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes a communication module, which may be a communication module as described in any of the above embodiments. The vehicle can be a vehicle such as an automobile, an SUV, a bus and the like, and can be other vehicles needing to be provided with the communication module.

The communication module of the vehicle has the following beneficial effects:

1) The antenna overall gain can be effectively improved, the signal transmission capacity and the recognition distance can be further improved, and the situation of communication failure is avoided.

2) The hardware environment conditions of glass and coating can be fully utilized, and the adverse conditions are changed into favorable design conditions of the antenna.

3) The design of the antenna and the fusion design of the glass coating and the film removing scheme reduce the requirement on the film removing area, avoid chromatic aberration and improve the antenna gain.

4) The size requirement on removing the film of the glass is reduced, and only a small area corresponding to the antenna is required to be subjected to film removing design.

5) The fusion design of the antenna design and the penetrating medium (medium layer) is realized.

6) The gain of the radar antenna is effectively improved, and the coverage distance of the radar antenna is increased.

7) The change of the band-pass structure can be realized by effectively adjusting the distance between the antenna and the dielectric layer, so that the radar performance degradation caused by different distance configuration is avoided.

8) The design of the band-pass structure can effectively realize secondary adjustment of radar beams, thereby increasing the coverage range of the radar beams and optimizing the direction.

While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A communication module, comprising:

The antenna comprises an antenna (1) and a dielectric layer (2), wherein the dielectric layer (2) is arranged on the outer side of the antenna (1);

The band-pass structure (3), the band-pass structure (3) locate dielectric layer (2) and with antenna (1) relative arrangement, band-pass structure (3) have magnetic permeability, just band-pass structure (3) are used for reinforcing gain and/or shielding outside out-of-band interference of antenna (1).

2. A communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that the band-pass structure (3) is embedded in the dielectric layer (2).

3. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the band-pass structure (3) comprises a first structure (31) and/or a second structure (32), the first structure (31) comprises a plurality of structural units (311), any adjacent two of the plurality of structural units (311) are arranged at intervals, and the second structure (32) is in a grid shape.

4. A communication module according to claim 3, wherein the band-pass structure (3) comprises a first structure (31) and a second structure (32), the second structure (32) comprising a plurality of openings (321), the plurality of structural units (311) of the first structure (31) being arranged in the plurality of openings (321), respectively.

5. The communication module according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of structural units (311) and the plurality of openings (321) are each arranged in a matrix.

6. A communication module according to claim 3, characterized in that the structural unit (311) has a square, circular, triangular, annular, oval shape.

7. A communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that the band-pass structure (3) is integrally formed in the dielectric layer (2).

8. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer (2) is a glass coating, a bumper or a decorative piece.

9. A communication module according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the distance between the antenna (1) and the dielectric layer (2) is adjustable to match different types of the bandpass structures (3).

10. A vehicle comprising a communication module according to any of the preceding claims 1-9.