CN222141431U - Blade of wind generating set and wind generating set - Google Patents

Abstract

The present utility model provides a blade of a wind power generation unit and a wind power generation unit, the blade including a beam and a core of the blade bonded to the beam in a chord direction of the blade, characterized in that the beam and the core are bonded to each other at a bonding region of the blade, one of the beam and the core includes a protrusion, and the other of the beam and the core includes a recess, wherein the protrusion is inserted into the recess, and the protrusion is symmetrical with respect to a center line of the bonding region in the bonding region. According to the blade, as the basically symmetrical protrusions and the concave parts are formed in the combined area of the beam body and the core material, stress concentration generated when the blade is locally subjected to coupling shearing force can be effectively avoided, the local stress condition is obviously improved under the same external load effect, and therefore the reliability of the blade is improved.

Description

Blade of wind generating set and wind generating set

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to a blade of a wind turbine generator and a wind turbine generator, and more particularly, to a blade of a wind turbine generator and a wind turbine generator with improved reliability.

Background

The blades are the main components of the wind generating set for absorbing wind energy, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional blade, the length direction of the blade 100 is defined as the spanwise direction, and the width direction of the blade is defined as the chordwise direction. The blade 100 mainly includes an upper shell, a lower shell, and a web, and the upper shell and the lower shell may include an inner skin laminate, an inner structure (sandwich structure), and an outer skin laminate, respectively. The internal structure mainly comprises a main beam, a tail edge beam, a front edge beam, a composite material composed of fibers and resin and a core material. The core material mainly comprises foam (foam core materials such as PVC, PET and the like) or wood (Balsa wood) materials. And bonding areas exist among the main beam, the tail edge beam, the front edge beam and the core material. Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional blade in a chord direction, fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of a bonding area a of a main girder and a core material, and fig. 4 is a schematic enlarged view of a bonding area B of a trailing edge girder and a core material. The bonding area of the main beam and the core material adopts a bonding mode of direct transition as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the tail edge beam and the core material adopts a bonding mode of single-side triangle transition as shown in fig. 2 and 4, and the bonding area C of the front edge beam and the core material adopts a bonding mode of direct transition or single-side triangle transition, and stress concentration is easy to occur in the bonding mode of both the direct transition and the single-side triangle transition to cause local failure of the bonding area although an enlarged view of the bonding area C of the front edge beam and the core material is not shown.

Disclosure of utility model

The blade of the wind generating set and the wind generating set are provided, so that the problem of low reliability of the blade of the existing wind generating set is solved.

According to an aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a blade of a wind power generation set, the blade including a beam and a core of the blade bonded to the beam in a chord direction of the blade, wherein the beam and the core are bonded to each other at a bonding region of the blade, one of the beam and the core includes a protrusion, and the other of the beam and the core includes a recess, wherein the protrusion is inserted into the recess, and the protrusion is symmetrical with respect to a center line of the bonding region in the bonding region.

According to the utility model, the protrusions may be formed on the beam, and the protrusions may be formed from preformed laminates or laminates layups.

According to the utility model, the protrusions may be substantially isosceles triangle-shaped in a chord-wise cross-sectional view of the blade.

According to the present utility model, the protrusion may be at least one, and the number of the concave portions may correspond to the number of the protrusions.

According to the utility model, the protrusions may be rectangular in a cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction.

According to the utility model, the joining region may be located between the inner skin and the outer skin of the blade, and the ratio of the length in the chord direction to the thickness thereof may be 0.5 to 20.

According to the utility model, the protrusions may be formed from two right triangle shaped preformed laminates.

According to the present utility model, the protrusion may be formed on the core material.

According to the present utility model, the beam body may further include a main body portion connected to the protrusion, and the protrusion and the main body portion may be integrally formed.

According to the utility model, the beam body can be a main beam, a front edge beam or a tail edge beam.

In another aspect of the present utility model, a wind turbine generator system is provided, which includes a tower, a nacelle provided at a top end of the tower, a hub rotatably connected to the nacelle, and the blades rotatably connected to the hub.

According to the blade, in the bonding area of the beam body and the core material, the beam body and the core material are bonded in the way of engagement of dovetails, saw teeth or square teeth and the like which are as symmetrical as possible, so that basically symmetrical protrusions and recesses are formed, the fact that the sandwich structure comprising the tail edge beam and the core material is coupled with the out-of-plane shearing force at the position of the inner skin laminated board or the outer skin laminated board under the action of in-plane shearing force flow can be effectively avoided, the sandwich structure is prevented from bearing the force of non-design load, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure is prevented or obviously improved, the local stress condition is obviously improved under the same out-of-plane loading effect, and the reliability of the blade is improved.

According to the blade of the present utility model, the problem that the local core material is liable to protrude can be improved by forming the core material and the laminate forming the beam body into a snap structure in the joint region between the beam body and the core material. In addition, the locally preformed core chamfer is also easier to adjust than the integrally chamfered core.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or other objects and advantages of the utility model will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a conventional blade;

FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a conventional blade in the chord direction;

fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of a bonding area a of the main beam and the core material;

FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the bonding region B of the trailing edge beam to the core material, wherein the stress condition of the bonding region B of the trailing edge beam to the core material is shown;

FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a portion of a beam body and core material of a blade according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body of a blade is coupled with a core material, in which a protrusion is formed on the core material, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, in which two protrusions are provided;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, in which a protrusion is rectangular;

Fig. 9A to 9F are process diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a portion where a beam body and a core material are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 10 is a schematic enlarged view illustrating a bonding region of a beam body and a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, in which a stress condition of the bonding region of the beam body and the core material is illustrated.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, embodiments of the present utility model should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are bonded according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 5, a blade of a wind power generation set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model includes a beam 1 and a core 2 of the blade coupled with the beam 1 in a chord direction of the blade, wherein the beam 1 and the core 2 are coupled with each other at a coupling region 3 of the blade, one of the beam 1 and the core 2 includes a protrusion 11, and the other of the beam 1 and the core 2 includes a recess 21, wherein the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the portion of the blade where the beam body 1 and the core material 2 are joined mainly includes an inner skin layer laminate 4, an inner structure (sandwich structure), and an outer skin laminate 5. The internal structure is sandwiched between an inner skin laminate 4 and an outer skin laminate 5, and mainly comprises a beam body 1 and a core material 2. The beam body 1 includes a projection 11 and a main body portion 12, the projection 11 protruding from the main body portion 12, alternatively, the projection 11 and the main body portion 12 may be integrally formed.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the core material 2 may include a recess 21, the shape of the recess 21 corresponding to the shape of the protrusion 11, and the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.

Alternatively, the bonding region 3 is defined as a region including both the beam body 1 and the core material 2 in the chord direction of the blade, that is, a region where the beam body 1 and the core material 2 are bonded to each other. The bonding region 3 is located between the inner skin layer platen 4 and the outer skin layer platen 5 of the blade, and the ratio of the length in the chord direction of the blade to the thickness thereof (the dimension of the bonding region in the direction from the inner skin layer platen 4 to the outer skin laminate 5) is 0.5 to 20.

The centre line D-D of the joining region 3 is defined as the line which, in a chordwise cross-section of the blade, is located in the centre of the inner skin laminate 4 and the outer skin laminate 5.

As shown in fig. 5, the protrusion 11 may have the shape of an isosceles triangle with its apex on the midline D-D, in which case the protrusion 11 is axisymmetric with respect to the midline D-D of the bonding region 3. Accordingly, the shape of the recess 21 corresponds to the shape of the protrusion 11 and is also axisymmetric with respect to the midline D-D of the coupling region 3.

As shown in fig. 5, in the case where the protrusion 11 has the shape of an isosceles triangle, the protrusion 11 may be formed of two right triangle-shaped preformed laminates, right angle sides of the two right triangles are opposite to each other, and the other right angle side is positioned on a straight line, thereby forming the protrusion 11, and the two right triangle-shaped laminates are combined with each other by a fabric having a good flow guiding effect.

Alternatively, the beam body 1 shown in fig. 5, which includes the protrusion 11 and the main body 12, may be divided equally from the center line D-D into two parts, upper and lower, which are coupled to each other by a fabric having a good flow guiding effect.

Although the protrusion 11 is shown in fig. 5 as having an isosceles triangle shape, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the apex angle of the triangle may deviate upward or downward from the center line D-D in the thickness direction of the blade (the direction from the inner skin layer platen 4 to the outer skin layer platen 5) as long as the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.

Alternatively, although the protrusion 11 is shown in fig. 5 as having an isosceles triangle shape, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the protrusion 11 may also have an isosceles trapezoid shape, with a midpoint of an upper base of the isosceles trapezoid being located on the center line D-D, or the protrusion 11 having a trapezoid shape, with a midpoint of an upper base of the trapezoid being deviated upward or downward from the center line D-D in the thickness direction of the blade, as long as the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.

Referring back to fig. 3 and 4, the bonding area of the beam body (main beam, trailing edge beam or leading edge beam) and the core material of the conventional blade adopts a bonding mode of direct transition or single-side triangle transition, so that the inside and outside of the integral sandwich structure are extremely asymmetric, the inner skin layer pressing plate or the outer skin layer pressing plate of the blade is easy to couple with the out-of-plane shear force under the action of in-plane shear flow, the sandwich structure is subjected to the force of non-design load, and the local structural mutation has stress concentration. For example, as shown in fig. 4, the junction region between the beam body and the core material is subjected to the in-plane shear flow F1, and the structure of the beam body and the core material in the junction region is asymmetric, so that the out-of-plane shear force F2 is easily coupled, and stress concentration occurs at the chamfer end position of the beam body, and cracks are generated. As the blades become longer, the respiratory effect in the region near the maximum chord length of the blades is more severely stressed locally, and local failure of the bonding region is likely to occur.

However, the bonding area of the beam body and the core material of the blade according to the exemplary embodiment of the utility model adopts a symmetrical design mode, so that the local structure is stressed uniformly, the out-of-plane shearing force of the sandwich structure is avoided under the action of the in-plane shearing force flow of the inner skin laminated board or the outer skin laminated board, the force of the sandwich structure bearing non-design load is prevented, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure is prevented or obviously improved, the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure is obviously improved, and finally the reliability of the blade is improved.

In the present utility model, the "laminate" refers to a composite material composed of unidirectional or multidirectional fibers and a resin, and the fibers may include glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, plant fibers, and the like. The core material can be a porous material formed by foaming a polymer synthesized artificially, such as PVC, PET, PU, and can also be Balsa, bamboo or other natural light materials.

Alternatively, the protrusions 11 are formed from a preformed laminate or laminate lay-up.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model are combined, in which a protrusion is formed on the core material 2, and accordingly, a recess is formed on the beam body 1, into which the protrusion is inserted. The description of the protrusions and recesses with reference to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 5 applies equally to the protrusions and recesses of the exemplary embodiment of fig. 6. Other configurations are similar to those of the exemplary embodiment of fig. 5 except that the positions where the protrusions and recesses are formed are different, and will not be described again.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model are combined, in which there are two protrusions, and accordingly, there are two recesses, and the corresponding protrusions are inserted into the corresponding recesses. As shown in fig. 7, two protrusions formed on the beam body 1 may be axisymmetric to each other with respect to a center line of the coupling region, i.e., the two protrusions may be formed in the same size. Each protrusion may have an isosceles triangle shape, and accordingly, the shape of each recess corresponds to the shape of the protrusion.

As shown in fig. 7, in the case where the protrusions are in the shape of isosceles triangles, each protrusion may be formed of two right triangle-shaped preformed laminates, right angle sides of the two right triangles are opposite to each other, and the other right angle side is positioned on a straight line, thereby forming the protrusions, and the two right triangle-shaped laminates are combined with each other by a fabric having a good flow guiding effect.

Although the protrusion is shown in an isosceles triangle shape in fig. 7, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the protrusion may also be in a triangle shape other than an isosceles triangle as long as the protrusion is inserted into the recess.

Alternatively, although each of the protrusions is shown in fig. 7 as having an isosceles triangle shape, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the protrusions may also have an isosceles trapezoid shape, or may have other trapezoid shapes other than an isosceles trapezoid as long as the protrusions are inserted into the recesses.

Although fig. 7 shows the number of protrusions as two, more than two protrusions and a corresponding number of recesses may be formed depending on the thickness of the shell of the blade. The local stress of the sandwich structure is uniform, the sandwich structure is prevented from bearing the force of non-design load, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure is obviously improved, the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure is improved, and the reliability of the blade is improved.

Although fig. 7 shows that the protrusions are formed on the beam body 1 and the recesses are formed on the core material 2, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the protrusions may be formed on the core material 2, and accordingly, the recesses may be formed on the beam body 1.

Fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a modified example of a portion of a beam body and a core material of a blade according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, in which the protrusion has a rectangular shape.

As shown in fig. 8, in a cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion 11 is rectangular, and the distance between the first edge 111 of the protrusion 11, which is close to the inner skin laminate 4 of the blade, and the inner skin laminate 4 is substantially equal to the distance between the second edge 112 of the protrusion 11, which is close to the outer skin laminate 5 of the blade, and the outer skin laminate 5. The protrusion 11 has a rectangular shape, and the shape of the recess 21 corresponds to the shape of the protrusion 11. Other configurations are similar to those of the exemplary embodiment of fig. 5 except for the shapes of the protrusions and recesses, and will not be described again.

Although fig. 8 shows that the protrusions are formed on the beam body 1 and the recesses are formed on the core material 2, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the protrusions may be formed on the core material 2, and accordingly, the recesses may be formed on the beam body 1.

Although fig. 8 shows the number of rectangular-shaped protrusions as two, more than two protrusions and a corresponding number of recesses may be formed according to the thickness of the housing of the blade. The local stress of the sandwich structure is uniform, the sandwich structure is prevented from bearing the force of non-design load, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure is obviously improved, the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure is improved, and the reliability of the blade is improved.

The utility model further provides a wind generating set, which comprises a tower, a cabin arranged at the top end of the tower, a hub rotatably connected with the cabin, and the blades rotatably connected with the hub.

Fig. 9A to 9F are process diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of a portion of a beam body and core material combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

A process of manufacturing a bonding portion of a beam body and a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model is briefly described below with reference to fig. 9A to 9F. Fig. 9A to 9F show a first step of laying an outer skin lay-up, a second step of laying a core material, a third step of laying an outer skin side core material chamfer, a fourth step of laying a preformed laminated board or laying a laminated board lay-up, a fifth step of laying an inner skin side core material chamfer, and a sixth step of laying an inner skin lay-up to complete the laying of a bonding portion of a beam body and a core material.

While fig. 9D shows a lay-up of either the whole pre-form laminate or the whole lay-up laminate ply, the utility model is not so limited and instead the whole lay-up pre-form laminate or the whole lay-up laminate ply may be replaced by a ply laid gradually one by one to meet the requirements of different processes. In addition, instead of the integrally laid pre-formed laminate or the integrally laid laminate lay-up of fig. 9D, it is also possible to lay-up a part of the pre-formed laminate and a part of the lay-up, for example.

Fig. 10 is a schematic enlarged view illustrating a bonding region of a beam body and a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which a stress condition of the bonding region of the beam body and the core material is illustrated.

As shown in fig. 10, the combined area of the beam body and the core material is subjected to the in-plane shear flow F1, and the beam body and the core material are symmetrical in structure in the combined area, so that the coupling out-of-plane shear force caused by the structural asymmetry in the prior art does not exist, that is, the stress in the combined area of the beam body and the core material is uniform, and cracks are not easy to occur.

In the present utility model, the protrusions or recesses need not be completely symmetrical, but only the bonding areas are in the form of dovetails, serrations or square tooth bonds that are as symmetrical as possible.

According to the blade, in the bonding area of the beam body and the core material, the beam body and the core material are bonded in the way of the engagement of the dovetails, the saw teeth or the square teeth which are as symmetrical as possible, so that the basically symmetrical protrusions and the concave parts are formed, the external shearing force of the inner skin laminated board or the external skin laminated board, which is formed by the sandwich structure of the tail edge beam and the core material, can be effectively avoided, the force of the non-design load borne by the sandwich structure is prevented, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure is prevented or obviously improved, the local stress condition is obviously improved under the same external load, and the reliability of the blade is improved.

According to the blade of the present utility model, the problem that the local core material is liable to protrude can be improved by forming the core material and the laminate forming the beam body into a snap structure in the joint region between the beam body and the core material. In addition, the locally preformed core chamfer is also easier to adjust than the integrally chamfered core.

In the present disclosure, the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be in communication with the interior of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The construction and operation method of the device are described using terms of front, rear, up, down, horizontal, vertical, etc. for convenience of description, but the arrangement direction of the device is not limited thereto, and the device may be flipped front-to-back, flipped up-and-down, or positioned in other angular orientations.

The described features, structures, or characteristics of the utility model may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the utility model. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the inventive aspects may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the utility model.

Claims (11)

1. Blade of a wind power generator set, comprising a beam (1) and a core (2) of the blade being joined to the beam (1) in the chord direction of the blade, characterized in that the beam (1) and the core (2) are joined to each other in a joining region (3) of the blade, one of the beam (1) and the core (2) comprises a protrusion (11), the other of the beam (1) and the core (2) comprises a recess (21), wherein the protrusion (11) is inserted into the recess (21), in which joining region the protrusion is symmetrical with respect to the midline of the joining region.

2. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions (11) are formed on the beam body (1), the protrusions (11) being formed by a preformed laminate or laminate lay-up.

3. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 2, wherein the protrusions (11) have an isosceles triangle shape in a chord-wise cross-section of the blade.

4. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 3, wherein said protrusions (11) are at least one, and the number of recesses (21) corresponds to the number of protrusions (11).

5. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 2, wherein the protrusions (11) are rectangular in a chord-wise cross-section of the blade.

6. A blade of a wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding area (3) is located between the inner skin laminate (4) and the outer skin laminate (5) of the blade and the ratio of the length in chord direction to its thickness is 0.5 to 20.

7. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the protrusions (11) are formed by two right triangle shaped preformed laminates.

8. A blade for a wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the protrusions (11) are formed on the core material (2).

9. A blade of a wind power plant according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the beam body (1) further comprises a main body portion (12) connected to a protrusion (11), the protrusion (11) and the main body portion (12) being integrally formed.

10. Blade for a wind power plant according to claim 9, wherein the beam body (1) is a main beam, a leading edge beam or a trailing edge beam.

11. A wind turbine generator set, comprising:

A tower;

A nacelle disposed at a top end of the tower;

a hub rotatably coupled to the nacelle;

A blade according to any of claims 1-10, rotatably connected to the hub.