High-precision small-volume motor structure
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of motor design, in particular to a high-precision small-volume motor structure.
Background
The motor is composed of a shell, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, an electric control element and the like, the motor is electrified to the electric control element, the electric control element controls the magnetic field of the whole motor by controlling the current flowing to the stator assembly, and the rotor assembly moves in the magnetic field, so that the operation of the motor is formed.
In the prior art, the stator assembly is particularly applied to a small-volume motor, the wire diameter of the winding of the stator assembly is larger, and the winding cannot reach the high slot filling rate, so that the electromagnetic performance and efficiency of the motor can be reduced, and the accuracy of the motor is further reduced; and more installation space can be reserved, so that the end part of the motor is axially longer.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a high-precision small-volume motor structure, by adopting the scheme, through the centralized windings of an upper wire frame and a lower wire frame, and the fixation and the winding guiding-out of a fixing frame, the motor end winding is short, the copper wire consumption is less, the cost is low, the high slot full rate can reach 80%, the stator can adopt 1.5-wire-diameter copper wires, the output power can reach 1200W, the motor end length is reduced, and the current density utilization rate is improved.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
The motor structure comprises a shell, and a stator assembly and a rotor assembly which are integrally arranged in the shell, wherein the stator assembly comprises a stator chip, an upper wire frame and a lower wire frame which are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator chip, a plurality of inserting plates are annularly arranged at one ends of the upper wire frame and the lower wire frame, which face the stator chip, and one ends of the upper wire frame and the lower wire frame are respectively inserted into a plurality of annular through holes at the end part of the stator chip through the plurality of inserting plates; the other ends of the upper wire frame and the lower wire frame are respectively provided with a winding groove for winding the winding group; the winding groups are sequentially wound on the winding plate and the winding groove between two adjacent through holes; the other end of the upper wire frame is also provided with a wire fixing frame, the circumferential direction of the wire fixing frame is provided with a plurality of cutting bars, and the other end of the upper wire frame is provided with a plurality of slots for inserting the cutting bars; the wire fixing frame is provided with a perforation for the wire of the wire winding group to pass through, and one side of the wire fixing frame, which is far away from the stator chip, is provided with an insulating sheath for fixing a three-phase output wire harness;
The rotary shaft sleeved at the middle part of the rotor assembly is provided with a magnetic ring at one end in the shell, one end of the rotary shaft is rotatably connected to the placing plate, a PCB (printed circuit board) is arranged between the placing plate and the end part of the shell, and the PCB is provided with Hall components for transmitting signals of the magnetic ring.
Compared with the prior art, the stator assembly is particularly applied to a small-volume motor, the wire diameter of the stator assembly is larger, and the winding cannot reach the high slot filling rate, so that the electromagnetic performance and efficiency of the motor can be reduced, and the accuracy of the motor is further reduced; the utility model provides a high-precision small-volume motor structure, which has the advantages that by adopting the scheme, through the centralized windings of an upper wire frame and a lower wire frame and the fixation and winding export of a fixing frame, the winding of the motor end is short, the consumption of copper wires is less, the cost is low, the high slot filling rate can reach 80%, the high power density, the low power consumption and the high torque are realized, and meanwhile, the contribution degree is made to the miniaturization and the light weight of products; the motor 8 poles 12 slots, the stator can adopt 1.5 wire diameter copper wires, the output power can reach 1200W, the reluctance torque of the motor is improved, the product use energy consumption is reduced, the motor end length is reduced, and the current density utilization rate is improved. In the specific scheme, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the end part of the stator chip in the circumferential direction, at the moment, a winding group can be wound on a winding plate between two adjacent through holes, an upper wire frame and a lower wire frame which are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator chip are further arranged, the end parts of the upper wire frame and the lower wire frame are respectively inserted into the through holes, and the other end of the upper wire frame and the lower wire frame is provided with a winding groove, so that the winding group can be guided to be wound on one winding plate through the winding groove after being wound on the other winding plate; in the scheme, the stator chip can be formed by assembling 12I-shaped sheets in a circumferential direction, wherein each 4I-shaped sheets form one phase of power in the motor, and the power is divided into three groups, and the three groups are wound to form three power phases of the motor; in order to further reduce the length of the end part of the motor, a wire fixing frame is further arranged, the wire fixing frame is inserted into a slot of the end part of the upper wire frame through an inserting strip, so that the wire fixing frame is closer to the upper wire frame, and when a compact structure is formed, a three-phase output wire harness can be led out through a through hole and supported and insulated through an insulating sheath. The structure is compact, the length of the end part of the motor is reduced, and the energy consumption of the product is reduced; the product is in line with the design concept of light weight and miniaturization; in addition, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a magnetic ring, and the magnetic ring realizes the accurate control of the motor and the feedback of related signals only through the Hall components on the mounting plate and the PCB, so that the motor has small volume and compact structure, can improve the detection precision of the Hall, and has the precision of +/-1.5 DEG max.
In a further scheme, in order to facilitate the fixation of the wire fixing frame, the end part of the cutting is provided with a hook, and the slot is internally provided with a groove for the hook to extend in. The hook can be a groove block extending inwards, and in the installation process, the cutting is pulled outwards, so that the groove block can be inserted into a groove in the slot, and the whole wire fixing frame is fixed.
Still further scheme is for the quick location installation of being convenient for stator chip to and make things convenient for the wire winding group wire winding, stator chip includes a plurality of annular I type piece that splice in proper order, the both sides of I type piece outside end plate have bar protruding and confession respectively bar protruding male bar groove. In this scheme, form through 12I-shaped piece annular concatenation, realize quick installation location through bar arch and bar groove, its stable in structure, bar groove and bar arch just set up along I-shaped piece length direction.
In a further scheme, in order to improve connection stability and reliability, laser welding is adopted at the connection positions of two sides of the inner end plate and the outer end plate between two adjacent I-shaped sheets.
In a further scheme, for the positioning tool, the end face of the end plate at the outermost side of the I-shaped piece is provided with a dovetail groove arranged along the length direction of the end plate. Through the dovetail design, the efficient frock of switching of wire winding of being convenient for, and the clamping is stable, helps promoting the production beat, reduces PPM, can also reduce overall quality.
In a further aspect, the rotor assembly includes a rotor chip, and an irregular arc is outside a cross section of the rotor chip. The rotor is designed through an irregular arc, so that a sinusoidal air gap field of the motor is provided, cogging torque is reduced, NVH performance is improved, reluctance torque of the motor is improved, input energy consumption is reduced, the rotor is more suitable for FOC vector control precise control output, and accuracy can be within +/-1.5 degrees.
In a further scheme, in order to facilitate the fixed installation of the magnetic ring, a bearing is arranged in the middle of one side of the placing plate, and one end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the bearing; the end part of one end of the rotating shaft is internally provided with a mounting groove, and the magnetic ring is positioned in the mounting groove. The magnetic ring is magnetic and can be fixed in the mounting groove by self magnetic force and adhesion.
Still further scheme, for dispel the heat to the PCB board, lay the board with still be equipped with the heat conduction gasket between the PCB board.
In a further scheme, a plurality of strip-shaped heat dissipation grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the shell in the circumferential direction; the concave-convex structure is formed by the uniformly distributed strip-shaped heat dissipation grooves, so that the heat dissipation area is increased, and radial heat dissipation is realized.
In a further scheme, one side of the PCB, far away from the placing plate, is provided with a rear cover, the rear cover is used for closing the end part of the shell, and the rear cover is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions. Through a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions, be convenient for improve heat radiating area, make the back lid dispel the heat to the PCB board, realize radial heat dissipation.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The high-precision small-volume motor structure provided by the utility model has the characteristics that the motor 8-pole 12-slot structure has low cogging torque, low inertia and high response, and the stator adopts a 1.5-wire-diameter copper wire, so that the output power can reach 1200W; the motor has the characteristics of short winding at the end of the concentrated winding motor, less copper wire consumption and low cost, the high slot full rate can reach 80 percent, the electric control element has the characteristics of accurately controlling and feeding back the running state of the motor in real time, the accuracy of the motor is less than or equal to 1.5 degrees, the communication rate of the motor can reach 10ms, the running speed of the motor, the running torque of the motor, the running current of the motor, the temperature of the electric control element of the motor and the like can be fed back in real time, and the purpose of controlling the motor through the electric control element is achieved; the motor adopts a specific heat dissipation structure, and uses a limited space, so that the maximization of the heat dissipation effect is achieved, and the normal operation of the motor is ensured;
The stator component of the motor adopts a specific design, so that the motor has the advantages of high efficiency, high performance and high reliability; the rotor structure of the motor adopts a specific inner hole structure, so that the rotor assembly has the advantages of high efficiency conversion, high power output, good torque characteristic, quick response, accurate control, high reliability, durability, strong adaptability and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a motor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a bottom cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a stator assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an I-shaped piece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a winding diagram of four I-shaped sheets wound in parallel as a power phase according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view illustrating assembly of a stator chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an end view of a stator chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an end view of a rotor chip according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 12 is a plan view of a PCB board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
The device comprises a 1-shell, a 2-stator chip, a 201-I-shaped sheet, a 202-strip-shaped protrusion, a 203-strip-shaped groove, a 204-dovetail groove, a 3-upper wire frame, a 4-lower wire frame, a 5-fixed wire frame, a 501-insert, a 6-insulating sheath, a 7-rotating shaft, an 8-magnetic ring, a 9-PCB (printed circuit board), a 10-Hall element, a 11-placing plate, a 12-rotor chip, a 13-heat conducting gasket, a 14-rear cover, a 15-strip-shaped heat dissipation groove and a 16-winding group.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present utility model only and are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Examples:
The embodiment provides a high-precision small-volume motor structure, as shown in fig. 1-12, which comprises a machine shell 1, and a stator assembly and a rotor assembly which are integrally arranged in the machine shell 1, wherein the stator assembly comprises a stator chip 2, an upper wire frame 3 and a lower wire frame 4 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator chip 2, a plurality of inserting plates are annularly arranged at one ends of the upper wire frame 3 and the lower wire frame 4, which face the stator chip 2, and one ends of the upper wire frame 3 and the lower wire frame 4 are respectively inserted into a plurality of annular through holes at the end part of the stator chip 2 through the plurality of inserting plates; the other ends of the upper wire frame 3 and the lower wire frame 4 are respectively provided with a winding groove for winding the winding group; the winding groups are sequentially wound on the winding plate and the winding groove between two adjacent through holes; the other end of the upper wire frame 3 is also provided with a wire fixing frame 5, the wire fixing frame 5 is provided with a plurality of cutting bars 501 in a circumferential direction, and the other end of the upper wire frame 3 is provided with a plurality of slots for inserting the cutting bars 501 in a circumferential direction; the wire fixing frame 5 is provided with a perforation for the wire of the wire winding group to pass through, and one side of the wire fixing frame 5 away from the stator chip 2 is provided with an insulating sheath 6 for fixing a three-phase output wire harness;
The rotary shaft 7 sleeved in the middle of the rotor assembly is provided with a magnetic ring 8 at one end in the casing 1, one end of the rotary shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the placing plate 11, a PCB 9 is arranged between the placing plate 11 and the end of the casing 1, and the PCB 9 is provided with a Hall element 10 for transmitting signals with the magnetic ring 8.
Compared with the prior art, the stator assembly is particularly applied to a small-volume motor, the wire diameter of the stator assembly is larger, and the winding cannot reach the high slot filling rate, so that the electromagnetic performance and efficiency of the motor can be reduced, and the accuracy of the motor is further reduced; the utility model provides a high-precision small-volume motor structure, which has the advantages that by adopting the scheme, through the centralized windings of the upper and lower wire frames 4 and the fixation and winding export of the fixing frame, the motor end winding is short, the copper wire consumption is less, the cost is low, the high slot full rate can reach 80%, the high power density, the low power consumption and the large torque are realized, and meanwhile, the contribution degree is made to the miniaturization and the light weight of products; the motor 8 poles 12 slots, the stator can adopt 1.5 wire diameter copper wires, the output power can reach 1200W, the reluctance torque of the motor is improved, the product use energy consumption is reduced, the motor end length is reduced, and the current density utilization rate is improved. In a specific scheme, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the end part of the stator chip 2 in a circumferential direction, a winding group can be wound on a winding plate between two adjacent through holes, an upper wire frame 3 and a lower wire frame 4 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator chip 2 are further arranged, the end parts of the upper wire frame 3 and the lower wire frame 4 are respectively inserted into the through holes, and the other end of the upper wire frame 3 and the lower wire frame 4 are provided with a winding groove, so that the winding group can be guided to be wound on one winding plate through the winding groove after being wound on the other winding plate; in the scheme, the stator chip 2 can be formed by assembling 12I-shaped sheets 201 in a circumferential direction, wherein every 4I-shaped sheets 201 form one phase of power in the motor, and the power is divided into three groups, and the three groups are wound to form three phases of power of the motor; in order to further reduce the length of the end part of the motor, a wire fixing frame 5 is further arranged, the wire fixing frame 5 is inserted into a slot at the end part of the upper wire frame 3 through an inserting strip 501, so that the wire fixing frame 5 is closer to the upper wire frame 3, and a compact structure is formed, and meanwhile, a three-phase output wire harness can be led out through a through hole and supported and insulated through an insulating sheath 6. The structure is compact, the length of the end part of the motor is reduced, and the energy consumption of the product is reduced; the product is in line with the design concept of light weight and miniaturization; in addition, the end part of the rotating shaft 7 is provided with the magnetic ring 8, and the magnetic ring 8 realizes the accurate control of the motor and the feedback of related signals only through the mounting plate 11 and the Hall element 10 on the PCB 9, so that the motor has small size and compact structure, can improve the detection precision of the Hall, and can reach +/-1.5 DEG max.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 9, in order to facilitate the fixation of the wire fixing frame 5, the end of the cutting 501 is provided with a hook, and the slot is provided with a groove into which the hook extends. The hook may be a groove block extending towards the inner side, and during the installation process, the cutting 501 is pulled outwards, so that the groove block can be inserted into the groove in the slot, and the whole wire fixing frame 5 is fixed.
As shown in fig. 4-9, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate quick positioning and installation of the stator chip 2 and winding of the winding unit, the stator chip 2 includes a plurality of annular sequentially spliced i-shaped sheets 201, and two sides of an end plate at the outermost side of the i-shaped sheet 201 are respectively provided with a strip-shaped protrusion 202 and a strip-shaped groove 203 into which the strip-shaped protrusion 202 is inserted. In this scheme, form through 12I-shaped piece 201 annular concatenation, realize quick installation location through bar protruding 202 and bar groove 203, its stable in structure, bar groove 203 and bar protruding 202 just set up along I-shaped piece 201 length direction.
In this embodiment, in order to improve connection stability and reliability, laser welding is adopted at the connection positions of two sides of the inner and outer end plates between two adjacent i-shaped sheets 201.
As shown in fig. 4 to 9, in this embodiment, for positioning the tooling, the end surface of the outermost end plate of the i-shaped sheet 201 is provided with a dovetail groove 204 along its length direction. Through dovetail 204 design, the frock is switched to the high efficiency of coiling of being convenient for, and the clamping is stable, helps promoting the production beat, reduces PPM, can also reduce overall quality.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the rotor assembly includes a rotor chip 12, and an outer side of a cross section of the rotor chip 12 is an irregular circular arc. The rotor is designed through an irregular arc, so that a sinusoidal air gap field of the motor is provided, cogging torque is reduced, NVH performance is improved, reluctance torque of the motor is improved, input energy consumption is reduced, the rotor is more suitable for FOC vector control precise control output, and accuracy can be within +/-1.5 degrees.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the fixed installation of the magnetic ring 8, a bearing is provided in the middle of one side of the placement plate 11, and one end of the rotating shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the bearing; the end part of one end of the rotating shaft 7 is internally provided with a mounting groove, and the magnetic ring 8 is positioned in the mounting groove. The magnetic ring 8 is magnetic and can be fixed in the mounting groove by self magnetic force and adhesion.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, in order to dissipate heat of the PCB 9, a heat-conducting spacer 13 is further disposed between the placement board 11 and the PCB 9.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of strip-shaped heat dissipation grooves 15 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the casing 1 in the circumferential direction; the concave-convex structure is formed by the uniformly distributed strip-shaped heat dissipation grooves 15, so that the heat dissipation area is increased, and radial heat dissipation is realized.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a rear cover 14 is provided on a side of the PCB 9 away from the mounting board 11, the rear cover 14 is used for closing the end of the chassis 1, and a plurality of heat dissipating protrusions are provided on the rear cover 14. Through a plurality of heat dissipation bulges, the heat dissipation area is convenient to improve, and the back cover 14 is made to dissipate heat to the PCB 9, so that radiation type heat dissipation is realized.
As shown in fig. 11, in this embodiment, a plurality of notches are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner hole of the rotor chip 12; the rotor chip 12 adopts a special inner hole design, and has the characteristics of low inertia, high response, high torque, light weight, uniform distribution of sinusoidal air gaps, improvement of reluctance torque, reduction of use power consumption, more energy conservation, reduction of pulsation, improvement of NVH performance, high silence, low cogging torque, high-precision position capturing and control output, and the precision is less than or equal to +/-1.5 degrees; a notch is designed at the contact part of the rotor chip 12 and the shaft, so that the rotor chip 12 and the shaft are prevented from sliding relatively when high torque is output; the rotor assembly is provided with the magnetic ring 8 and is used for being detected by the electric control element, and the whole rotor assembly is compact in design structure and low in cost. The rotor core 12 is larger than a common motor, the holes of the common motor are only used for dividing the magnetic circuit, and the holes of the scheme are used for dividing the magnetic circuit to reduce magnetic leakage on the one hand and enabling the iron core to be light on the other hand on the basis of guaranteeing the strength of the rotor iron core.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the utility model, and is not meant to limit the scope of the utility model, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.