CN221929801U - A Universal 6~18GHz Analog Equalizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of amplitude equalizers, in particular to a universal 6-18 GHz analog equalizer which comprises a substrate and an analog equalization circuit arranged on the substrate. The analog equalization circuit comprises a main microstrip line, and a first short-circuit microstrip line, a first narrow-circuit microstrip line, a long-circuit microstrip line, a second narrow-circuit microstrip line and a second short-circuit microstrip line which are cascaded with the main microstrip line sequentially through resistors; the opposite side of the first narrow short circuit microstrip line is provided with a first narrow open circuit microstrip line, the opposite side of the second narrow short circuit microstrip line is provided with a second narrow open circuit microstrip line, and the first narrow open circuit microstrip line and the second narrow open circuit microstrip line are respectively connected with the main microstrip line through resistors. The utility model obtains a more universal microstrip equalizer structure by arranging the open-circuit and short-circuit microstrip structures with different widths and different lengths, so that technicians can realize different equalizing curves by adjusting the microstrip line structure and combining resistors with different resistance values.

Description

A Universal 6~18GHz Analog Equalizer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of amplitude equalizers, in particular to a universal 6-18 GHz analog equalizer.

Background Art

As an important component in microwave applications, power amplifiers are widely used in current radar systems, communication systems, and electronic countermeasures. After the multi-stage cascade of the power amplifier, its amplitude will fluctuate greatly. In actual applications, the input of the power amplifier is generally constant. In order to ensure that the output power of the power amplifier can meet the requirements at the low gain point, the input power of the power amplifier will be relatively high. At this time, there is a problem of too high input power for the high gain point, resulting in over-pushing of the power amplifier. Over-pushing power amplifiers will have gain compression, AM/PM conversion, and reliability problems. The existing amplitude equalization is achieved by adding an equalizer, and the equalizer needs to adopt different forms for different frequency bands. At present, for the 6-18GHz frequency band, it is generally implemented in the form of a microstrip equalizer. For different equalization curves, different equalization topologies, different microstrip line lengths, different resistors, etc. are required, and they must be combined in a certain way to achieve the desired equalization curve. If the equalization curve is simulated, processed, and tested on the basis of a known equalization curve, the product cycle will be longer, and a lot of time will be spent on processing and waiting. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a universal equalizer structure to apply to the adjustment of multiple equalization curves.

Utility Model Content

To this end, the present application provides a universal 6~18GHz analog equalizer, which helps to solve the problem that the existing equalizer structure has poor versatility and is difficult to apply to a variety of equalization curve adjustments.

The utility model provides a universal 6~18GHz analog equalizer, comprising:

A substrate and an analog equalization circuit disposed on the substrate, the analog equalization circuit comprising a main microstrip line, and a first short open microstrip line, a first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, a long open microstrip line, a second narrow short-circuited microstrip line, and a second short open microstrip line sequentially connected to the main microstrip line in cascade connection through resistors;

A first narrow open microstrip line is provided on the opposite side of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, and a second narrow open microstrip line is provided on the opposite side of the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line. The first narrow open microstrip line and the second narrow open microstrip line are respectively connected to the main microstrip line through resistors.

Further, the widths of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line are smaller than the width of the long open-circuited microstrip line, and the Q values of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line are greater than the Q value of the long open-circuited microstrip line.

Furthermore, the long open microstrip line includes a first long open microstrip line, a second long open microstrip line and a third long open microstrip line which are arranged in a U-shape from outside to inside;

The length of the first long open microstrip line is greater than the length of the second long open microstrip line, the length of the second long open microstrip line is greater than the length of the third long open microstrip line, and a ground line is provided between the first long open microstrip line and the second long open microstrip line;

Two ends of the first long open microstrip line, two ends of the second long open microstrip line and two ends of the third long open microstrip line are respectively connected to the main microstrip line through resistors.

Furthermore, the thickness of the microstrip line in the analog equalization circuit is 10 mils.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in:

In actual application, the utility model includes a main microstrip line in the analog equalization circuit, and a first short open microstrip line, a first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, a long open microstrip line, a second narrow short-circuited microstrip line and a second short open microstrip line which are sequentially cascaded with the main microstrip line through resistors, forming open and short-circuited microstrip structures with different widths and lengths, and obtaining a more general microstrip equalizer structure. On the basis of this equalizer structure, technicians can achieve different equalization curves by adjusting the length and width of the microstrip line in the microstrip structure, as well as the circuit type of the microstrip line, and combining resistors with different resistance values.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an analog equalizer provided by the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an equalization curve of a 100W power amplifier;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the analog equalizer for realizing a 100W equalization curve according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a 200W power amplifier equalization curve;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the analog equalizer for realizing a 200W equalization curve according to the present invention;

In the accompanying drawings: 1-first short open microstrip line, 2-first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, 4-first long open microstrip line, 5-second long open microstrip line, 6-third long open microstrip line, 7-second narrow short-circuited microstrip line, 9-second short open microstrip line, 10-first narrow open microstrip line, 11-second narrow open microstrip line, 12-main microstrip line;

20-first frequency control resistor, 21-first long short-circuited microstrip line, 22-third frequency control resistor, 23-third long short-circuited microstrip line, 24-second frequency control resistor, 25-second long short-circuited microstrip line, 26-fourth frequency control resistor, 27-fourth long short-circuited microstrip line;

30 - a first balancing resistor, 31 - a third short open-circuit microstrip line, 32 - a third narrow short-circuit microstrip line, 33 - a first frequency-raising resistor, 34 - a second balancing resistor, 35 - a fourth long open-circuit microstrip line, 36 - a fourth narrow short-circuit microstrip line, 37 - a second frequency-raising resistor, 38 - a ground line.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Embodiment 1: As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a universal 6-18 GHz analog equalizer, including:

A substrate and an analog equalization circuit arranged on the substrate. The analog equalization circuit includes a main microstrip line 12, and a first short open microstrip line 1, a first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, a long open microstrip line, a second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7, and a second short open microstrip line 9, which are sequentially cascaded with the main microstrip line 12 through resistors. A first narrow open microstrip line 10 is arranged on the opposite side of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, and a second narrow open microstrip line 11 is arranged on the opposite side of the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7. The first narrow open microstrip line 10 and the second narrow open microstrip line 11 are respectively connected to the main microstrip line 12 through resistors.

Among them, in this embodiment, the first short open microstrip line 1, the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, the long open microstrip line, the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7, the second short open microstrip line 9, the first narrow open microstrip line 10, the second narrow open microstrip line 11 and the main microstrip line 12 are all connected through resistors. Different resistors correspond to different attenuations. After cascading, different equalization curves can be achieved, such as 100W and 200W equalization curves.

Specifically, in this embodiment, except for the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7, the first narrow open microstrip line 10, and the second narrow open microstrip line 11, the number of the first short open microstrip line 1, the long open microstrip line, and the second short open microstrip line 9 are all two, and the two identical microstrip lines are symmetrically arranged along the main microstrip line 12.

The first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2 includes two identical narrow short-circuited microstrip lines located on the same side. Similarly, the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7 includes two identical narrow short-circuited microstrip lines located on the same side.

1, one end of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2 and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7 are respectively connected to the main microstrip line 12, and the other end is grounded to form a short-circuit structure. The first short open-circuited microstrip line 1, the long open-circuited microstrip line and the second short open-circuited microstrip line 9 are open-circuit structures.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the microstrip line in the analog equalization circuit is 10 mils, which is convenient for subsequent product processing.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the widths of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2 and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7 are both smaller than the width of the long open microstrip line, and the Q values of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2 and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7 are both greater than the Q value of the long open microstrip line.

Specifically, for the 6-18 GHz frequency band, the amplifier gain will drop at high frequencies, so a structure is needed to increase the gain at 18 GHz and reduce the gain at low frequencies, and its Q value is generally high, that is, the gain generally drops more after 17 GHz, so the microstrip line also needs to use a narrow line width high Q value structure, and the first narrow short-circuit microstrip line 2 and the second narrow short-circuit microstrip line 7 are designed for this purpose. At the same time, for some chips, periodic gain fluctuations may occur, and the Q value is also high. At this time, the first narrow open microstrip line 10 and the second narrow open microstrip line 11 are needed to balance the fluctuations. The long open microstrip line corresponds to a microstrip line of general width, and its Q value is moderate, but the electrical length is long. In this way, the periodic structure can be used to attenuate the frequencies that need to be attenuated. For example, if you want to have a small attenuation at 6 GHz, 12 GHz, and 18 GHz, then you need a long microstrip line to make it resonate at 3 GHz, so that 6 GHz, 12 GHz, and 18 GHz are all even multiples of it, and the requirements of the above-mentioned different equalization curves can be achieved.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the long open microstrip line includes a first long open microstrip line 4 , a second long open microstrip line 5 and a third long open microstrip line 6 which are arranged in a U-shape from outside to inside.

At the same time, the length of the first long open microstrip line 4 is greater than the length of the second long open microstrip line 5, the length of the second long open microstrip line 5 is greater than the length of the third long open microstrip line 6, and a ground wire is provided between the first long open microstrip line 4 and the second long open microstrip line 5 to form ground wire isolation, which can reduce the coupling between the two, and a resistor can be added in the middle of the microstrip line in parallel to the ground to fine-tune the balancing amount.

In this embodiment, in the analog equalizer structures of FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the line segment structure where the circle is located on the substrate represents the ground line, for example, the line segment structure with a circle between the first long open microstrip line 4 and the second long open microstrip line 5 represents the ground line, that is, the ground line 38 in FIG. 1 .

In addition, two ends of the first long open microstrip line 4 , two ends of the second long open microstrip line 5 , and two ends of the third long open microstrip line 6 are connected to the main microstrip line 12 through resistors, respectively.

Among them, since the same long open microstrip lines are arranged on both sides of the main microstrip line 12, it is equivalent to symmetrically arranging two same first long open microstrip lines 4, two same second long open microstrip lines 5 and two same third long open microstrip lines 6 on both sides of the main microstrip line 12.

In this embodiment, the microstrip line structures in the analog equalizer structure are designed according to some curves that need to be equalized encountered in the power amplifier equalization process, and because the first-level equalization amount is limited, multi-level equalization is required. Therefore, the analog equalizer in this embodiment has 2 to 3 identical structures to achieve a larger equalization amount.

The analog equalization circuit is specifically a 100W analog equalization circuit structure or a 200W analog equalization circuit structure. The 100W analog equalization circuit structure is used to generate a 100W equalization curve, and the 200W analog equalization circuit structure is used to generate a 200W equalization curve.

The 100W analog equalization circuit structure includes a main microstrip line 12, a first short open microstrip line 1, a first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, a long open microstrip line, a second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7 and a second short open microstrip line 9;

A first narrow open microstrip line 10 is provided on the opposite side of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2, and a second narrow open microstrip line 11 is provided on the opposite side of the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line 7. The first narrow open microstrip line 10 and the second narrow open microstrip line 11 are respectively connected to the main microstrip line 12 through resistors.

This embodiment proposes an equalizer structure that utilizes open-circuit and short-circuit structures of microstrip lines and can be flexibly adjusted. The structure can achieve a more universal equalization curve by adjusting the open-circuit and short-circuit structures of microstrip lines of different widths and combining them with different resistors.

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG3, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment improves the general analog equalizer structure to achieve a 100W equalization curve. In FIG2, the output power Pout of the analog equalizer in this embodiment is stabilized at 50.1dBm, the frequency range of the horizontal axis is 6-18GHz, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude.

As shown in FIG2 , the 6-18 GHz 100W equalization curve is similar to a U-shaped structure. The characteristics of this structure are that 6 GHz and 18 GHz require a larger equalization amount and both have a higher Q value, so it is necessary to use a narrow microstrip line and a high Q value structure to achieve it. Therefore, the structural adjustment of the analog equalizer in Example 1 in this embodiment includes: adjusting the first short open microstrip line 1 located above the main microstrip line 12 to a third short open microstrip line 31 with a shorter length, and setting the resistance of the third short open microstrip line 31 and the main microstrip line 12 to a first equalization resistor 30. The resistance of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line 2 (corresponding to the third narrow short-circuited microstrip line 32 in FIG3 ) connected to the second is set as a first frequency-raising resistor 33. The resistance located below the main microstrip line 12 and connecting the first narrow open microstrip line 10 and the main microstrip line 12 is set as a second frequency-raising resistor 37, and at the same time, one end of the first narrow open microstrip line 10 is cut off and grounded to form a short circuit in the first narrow open microstrip line 10 to obtain a fourth narrow short-circuited microstrip line 36. Finally, the resistor located below the main microstrip line 12 and connecting the second long open microstrip line 5 and the main microstrip line 12 is set as the second balancing resistor 34, and the second long open microstrip line 5 below is adjusted to the fourth long open microstrip line 35. In this way, the adjustment of the microstrip line structure and the resistor is completed.

Specifically, the first frequency raising resistor 33, the second frequency raising resistor 37, the third narrow short-circuited microstrip line 32, and the fourth narrow short-circuited microstrip line 36 are designed to raise 6 GHz and 18 GHz. The fourth narrow short-circuited microstrip line 36 adopts a short-circuit form to achieve different equalization slopes; the first equalizing resistor 30 and the third short open-circuited microstrip line 31 are to equalize the curve around 13 GHz and absorb microwave signals; the second equalizing resistor 34 and the fourth long open-circuited microstrip line 35 are to absorb signals around 10 GHz. Through such a combination, a U-shaped equalization curve is formed.

Example 3: As shown in Figure 5, this example adjusts the microstrip line structure and resistance on the basis of Example 1 to achieve a 200W equalization curve as shown in Figure 4. In Figure 4, the output power Pout of the analog equalizer in this example is stabilized at 53.1dBm, the frequency range of the horizontal axis is 6~18GHz, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude.

As shown in FIG5 , the 6-18 GHz 200W equalization curve is similar to a W-shaped structure. According to the equalization structure design, for the W shape, a long open microstrip line is required to improve the equalization curves of 6 GHz, 12 GHz, and 18 GHz. Since the amount of equalization required this time is large, a two-stage equalization is used. In the structure of Example 1, in this embodiment, two identical first long open microstrip lines 4, second long open microstrip lines 5, and third long open microstrip lines 6 symmetrically arranged along the main microstrip line 12 are connected to the main microstrip line 12 through resistors, respectively. Referring to FIG3 , in this embodiment, two identical first long open microstrip lines 4 are adjusted to two identical first long short-circuited microstrip lines 21 and second long short-circuited microstrip lines 25, and at the same time, the second long open microstrip line 5 on the same side is adjusted to the third long short-circuited microstrip line 23, and the third long open microstrip line 6 located on the opposite side of the third long short-circuited microstrip line 23 is adjusted to the fourth long short-circuited microstrip line 27, so that the adjustment of the microstrip line is completed. 5 , the present embodiment also adjusts the resistance connecting the microstrip lines on both sides and the main microstrip line 12 , and respectively sets a first frequency control resistor 20 , a second frequency control resistor 24 , a third frequency control resistor 22 and a fourth frequency control resistor 26 .

Among them, the first frequency control resistor 20, the second frequency control resistor 24, the first long short-circuited microstrip line 21 and the second long short-circuited microstrip line 25 are introduced to control the harmonic frequency at about 3GHz. In order to further realize a W-like shape, it is necessary to realize an absorption pit at about 8GHz and 15GHz, the third frequency control resistor 22 and the third long short-circuited microstrip line 23 work at about 8GHz, and the fourth frequency control resistor 26 and the fourth long short-circuited microstrip line 27 work at about 15GHz, so that the overall balance curve is similar to a W-shaped balance curve.

In addition to the above-mentioned equalization curves, this embodiment can also easily realize equalization curves such as positive slope and negative slope through the general analog equalizer structure. The technicians can realize the equalization of more curves by flexibly adjusting the resistance and the open circuit and short circuit of the microstrip line.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the term "and/or" is used herein to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A universal 6~18GHz analog equalizer, characterized by comprising: A substrate and an analog equalization circuit disposed on the substrate, the analog equalization circuit comprising a main microstrip line, and a first short open microstrip line, a first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, a long open microstrip line, a second narrow short-circuited microstrip line, and a second short open microstrip line sequentially connected to the main microstrip line in cascade connection through resistors; A first narrow open microstrip line is provided on the opposite side of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line, and a second narrow open microstrip line is provided on the opposite side of the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line. The first narrow open microstrip line and the second narrow open microstrip line are respectively connected to the main microstrip line through resistors. 2. The universal 6~18GHz analog equalizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the width of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line is smaller than the width of the long open-circuited microstrip line, and the Q value of the first narrow short-circuited microstrip line and the second narrow short-circuited microstrip line is greater than the Q value of the long open-circuited microstrip line. 3. The universal 6-18 GHz analog equalizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the long open microstrip line comprises a first long open microstrip line, a second long open microstrip line and a third long open microstrip line which are arranged in a U-shape from outside to inside; The length of the first long open microstrip line is greater than the length of the second long open microstrip line, the length of the second long open microstrip line is greater than the length of the third long open microstrip line, and a ground line is provided between the first long open microstrip line and the second long open microstrip line; Two ends of the first long open microstrip line, two ends of the second long open microstrip line and two ends of the third long open microstrip line are respectively connected to the main microstrip line through resistors. 4. The universal 6-18 GHz analog equalizer according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the microstrip line in the analog equalization circuit is 10 mils.